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Swapin_readahead can read in a lot of data that the processes in memory
never need. Adding swap cache pages to the inactive list prevents them
from putting too much pressure on the working set.
This has the potential to help the programs that are already in memory,
but it could also be a disadvantage to processes that are trying to get
swapped in.
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Moving referenced pages back to the head of the active list creates a huge
scalability problem, because by the time a large memory system finally
runs out of free memory, every single page in the system will have been
referenced.
Not only do we not have the time to scan every single page on the active
list, but since they have will all have the referenced bit set, that bit
conveys no useful information.
A more scalable solution is to just move every page that hits the end of
the active list to the inactive list.
We clear the referenced bit off of mapped pages, which need just one
reference to be moved back onto the active list.
Unmapped pages will be moved back to the active list after two references
(see mark_page_accessed). We preserve the PG_referenced flag on unmapped
pages to preserve accesses that were made while the page was on the active
list.
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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We avoid evicting and scanning anonymous pages for the most part, but
under some workloads we can end up with most of memory filled with
anonymous pages. At that point, we suddenly need to clear the referenced
bits on all of memory, which can take ages on very large memory systems.
We can reduce the maximum number of pages that need to be scanned by not
taking the referenced state into account when deactivating an anonymous
page. After all, every anonymous page starts out referenced, so why
check?
If an anonymous page gets referenced again before it reaches the end of
the inactive list, we move it back to the active list.
To keep the maximum amount of necessary work reasonable, we scale the
active to inactive ratio with the size of memory, using the formula
active:inactive ratio = sqrt(memory in GB * 10).
Kswapd CPU use now seems to scale by the amount of pageout bandwidth,
instead of by the amount of memory present in the system.
[kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com: fix OOM with memcg]
[kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com: memcg: lru scan fix]
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Split the LRU lists in two, one set for pages that are backed by real file
systems ("file") and one for pages that are backed by memory and swap
("anon"). The latter includes tmpfs.
The advantage of doing this is that the VM will not have to scan over lots
of anonymous pages (which we generally do not want to swap out), just to
find the page cache pages that it should evict.
This patch has the infrastructure and a basic policy to balance how much
we scan the anon lists and how much we scan the file lists. The big
policy changes are in separate patches.
[lee.schermerhorn@hp.com: collect lru meminfo statistics from correct offset]
[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: prevent incorrect oom under split_lru]
[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: fix pagevec_move_tail() doesn't treat unevictable page]
[hugh@veritas.com: memcg swapbacked pages active]
[hugh@veritas.com: splitlru: BDI_CAP_SWAP_BACKED]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix /proc/vmstat units]
[nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp: memcg: fix handling of shmem migration]
[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: adjust Quicklists field of /proc/meminfo]
[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: fix style issue of get_scan_ratio()]
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Define page_file_cache() function to answer the question:
is page backed by a file?
Originally part of Rik van Riel's split-lru patch. Extracted to make
available for other, independent reclaim patches.
Moved inline function to linux/mm_inline.h where it will be needed by
subsequent "split LRU" and "noreclaim" patches.
Unfortunately this needs to use a page flag, since the PG_swapbacked state
needs to be preserved all the way to the point where the page is last
removed from the LRU. Trying to derive the status from other info in the
page resulted in wrong VM statistics in earlier split VM patchsets.
The total number of page flags in use on a 32 bit machine after this patch
is 19.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix up out-of-order merge fallout]
[hugh@veritas.com: splitlru: shmem_getpage SetPageSwapBacked sooner[
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: MinChan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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If vm_swap_full() (swap space more than 50% full), the system will free
swap space at swapin time. With this patch, the system will also free the
swap space in the pageout code, when we decide that the page is not a
candidate for swapout (and just wasting swap space).
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: MinChan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Turn the pagevecs into an array just like the LRUs. This significantly
cleans up the source code and reduces the size of the kernel by about 13kB
after all the LRU lists have been created further down in the split VM
patch series.
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Currently we are defining explicit variables for the inactive and active
list. An indexed array can be more generic and avoid repeating similar
code in several places in the reclaim code.
We are saving a few bytes in terms of code size:
Before:
text data bss dec hex filename
4097753 573120 4092484 8763357 85b7dd vmlinux
After:
text data bss dec hex filename
4097729 573120 4092484 8763333 85b7c5 vmlinux
Having an easy way to add new lru lists may ease future work on the
reclaim code.
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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On large memory systems, the VM can spend way too much time scanning
through pages that it cannot (or should not) evict from memory. Not only
does it use up CPU time, but it also provokes lock contention and can
leave large systems under memory presure in a catatonic state.
This patch series improves VM scalability by:
1) putting filesystem backed, swap backed and unevictable pages
onto their own LRUs, so the system only scans the pages that it
can/should evict from memory
2) switching to two handed clock replacement for the anonymous LRUs,
so the number of pages that need to be scanned when the system
starts swapping is bound to a reasonable number
3) keeping unevictable pages off the LRU completely, so the
VM does not waste CPU time scanning them. ramfs, ramdisk,
SHM_LOCKED shared memory segments and mlock()ed VMA pages
are keept on the unevictable list.
This patch:
isolate_lru_page logically belongs to be in vmscan.c than migrate.c.
It is tough, because we don't need that function without memory migration
so there is a valid argument to have it in migrate.c. However a
subsequent patch needs to make use of it in the core mm, so we can happily
move it to vmscan.c.
Also, make the function a little more generic by not requiring that it
adds an isolated page to a given list. Callers can do that.
Note that we now have '__isolate_lru_page()', that does
something quite different, visible outside of vmscan.c
for use with memory controller. Methinks we need to
rationalize these names/purposes. --lts
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix mm/memory_hotplug.c build]
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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There is nothing architecture specific about remove_memory().
remove_memory() function is common for all architectures which support
hotplug memory remove. Instead of duplicating it in every architecture,
collapse them into arch neutral function.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix the export]
Signed-off-by: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Yasunori Goto <y-goto@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Gary Hade <garyhade@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Yasunori Goto <y-goto@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Fix a warning caused by commit 0c8946d97ae7d2d6691f8290a10faa63453b63f8
(serial: Make uart_port's ioport "unsigned long".)
Signed-off-by: Atsushi Nemoto <anemo@mba.ocn.ne.jp>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Cc: Josip Rodin <joy@entuzijast.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Today's linux-next build (powerpc_allyesconfig) failed like this:
drivers/char/tpm/tpm.c:1162: error: __ksymtab_tpm_dev_release causes a section type conflict
Caused by commit 253115b71fa06330bd58afbe01ccaf763a8a0cf1 ("The
tpm_dev_release function is only called for platform devices, not pnp")
which exported a static function.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Rajiv Andrade <srajiv@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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A couple of commits have a broken real name - fix them up.
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@sirena.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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'topic/staging-fixes' into for-linus
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Fix word clock length which must equal to one bit clock cycle in DSP mode.
Surprisingly McBSP is able synchronize into wrong length when it's
slave but e.g. TLV320AIC33 codec in slave configuration is outputting
some amount of noise if word clock length is longer than one bit clock
cycle.
Fix also bit clock and frame sync polarities in DSP mode since they are
opposite from I2S.
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Nikula <jarkko.nikula@nokia.com>
Cc: Arun KS <arunks@mistralsolutions.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
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The dependency on the sound system is missing for go7007 driver, which
resulted in missing symbols like
drivers/built-in.o: In function `go7007_snd_remove':
: undefined reference to `snd_card_disconnect'
drivers/built-in.o: In function `go7007_snd_remove':
: undefined reference to `snd_card_free_when_closed'
...
This patch adds the dependency on CONFIG_SND, and selects CONFIG_SND_PCM
properly.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Tested-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Ross Cohen <rcohen@snurgle.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
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'timers/ntp', 'timers/posixtimers' and 'timers/debug' into v28-timers-for-linus
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SysRq-Q also dumps information about the clockevent devices.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
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I fell into the trap recently that it only dumps hrtimers instead of
all timers. Fix the documentation.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: torvalds@linux-foundation.org
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
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(Supplements: ee999d8b9573df1b547aacdc6d79f86eb79c25cd)
NFPROTO_ARP actually has a different value from NF_ARP, so ensure all
callers use the new value so that packets _do_ get delivered to the
registered hooks.
Signed-off-by: Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@medozas.de>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This patch fixes the compilation of ctnetlink when the NAT support
is not enabled.
/home/benh/kernels/linux-powerpc/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_netlink.c:819: warning: enum nf_nat_manip_type\u2019 declared inside parameter list
/home/benh/kernels/linux-powerpc/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_netlink.c:819: warning: its scope is only this definition or declaration, which is probably not what you want
Reported-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Reported by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Fixes a crash in recent_seq_start:
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000100
IP: [<ffffffffa002119c>] recent_seq_start+0x4c/0x90 [xt_recent]
PGD 17d33c067 PUD 107afe067 PMD 0
Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
CPU 0
Modules linked in: ipt_LOG xt_recent af_packet iptable_nat nf_nat nf_conntrack_ipv4 nf_conntrack nf_defrag_ipv4 xt_tcpudp iptable_filter ip_tables x_tables ext2 nls_utf8 fuse sr_mod cdrom [last unloaded: ntfs]
Pid: 32373, comm: cat Not tainted 2.6.27-04ab591808565f968d4406f6435090ad671ebdab #6
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffffa002119c>] [<ffffffffa002119c>] recent_seq_start+0x4c/0x90 [xt_recent]
RSP: 0018:ffff88015fed7e28 EFLAGS: 00010246
...
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Signed-off-by: Ilpo Järvinen <ilpo.jarvinen@helsinki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Inverted IPv4 v1 and IPv6 v0 matches don't match anything since 2.6.25-rc1!
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@medozas.de>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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The netfilter families have been decoupled from regular protocol families.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Now that ctnetlink doesn't have any NAT module depenencies anymore,
we can also remove them from Kconfig.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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The base address of a (per cpu) clock base is a useful debug info.
Add it and bump the version number of timer_lists.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
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The per cpu clock events device output of timer_list lacks an
association of the device to the cpu which is annoying when looking at
the output of /proc/timer_list from a 128 way system.
Add the CPU number info and mark the broadcast device in the device
list printout.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
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The current timer_list output prints the address of the on stack copy
of the active hrtimer instead of the hrtimer itself.
Print the address of the real timer instead.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
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This reverts commit 75d0ee2202b5740e94e913d8a52f91c6557c4c81.
Although it seems ObviouslyCorrect™, the spi_write() call uses DMA,
while spi_write_then_read() does not. Since our buffer is on the stack,
we must use the latter even though we don't actually want to read
anything back.
Pointed out by David Brownell <david-b@pacbell.net>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
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Not all architectures provide readsb(). We should probably move to using
ioread8_rep() instead.
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
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Fix compile error because the first patch was broken -- the file got
truncated.
Signed-off-by: Yoshihiro Shimoda <shimoda.yoshihiro@renesas.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
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After these commands:
# modprobe sch_teql
# tc qdisc add dev eth0 root teql0
# tc qdisc del dev eth0 root
we get an oops in teql_destroy() when spin_lock is taken from a null
qdisc_sleeping pointer. It's because at the moment teql0 dev haven't
been activated yet, and a qdisc_root_sleeping() is pointing to noop
qdisc's netdev_queue with qdisc_sleeping uninitialized. This patch
fixes this both for noop and noqueue netdev_queues to avoid similar
problems in the future.
Signed-off-by: Jarek Poplawski <jarkao2@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Commit a3116ac5c216fc3c145906a46df9ce542ff7dcf2 from 1st October ("tcp: Port
redirection support for TCP") broke DCCP skb lookup by changing inet_csk_clone,
which is used by DCCP to generate the child socket after the handshake.
This patch updates DCCP to use 'loc_port' instead of 'sport', which fixes the
problem, and thus inheriting port redirection support via the new interface.
Signed-off-by: Gerrit Renker <gerrit@erg.abdn.ac.uk>
Signed-off-by: KOVACS Krisztian <hidden@sch.bme.hu>
Acked-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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'tcp: Port redirection support for TCP' (a3116ac5c) added a new member
to inet_request_sock() which inet_csk_clone() makes use of but failed
to add proper initialization to the IPv6 syncookie code and missed a
couple of places where the new member should be used instead of
inet_sk(sk)->sport.
Signed-off-by: KOVACS Krisztian <hidden@sch.bme.hu>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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If changename notifier returns an error code, it gets incorrectly
cleared during rollback so the error is never returned to the user.
Found while testing similar code for MTU changes.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This adds a URL to further info to the CONFIG_IP_VS_IPV6 Kconfig help
text. Also, I think it should be ok to remove the "DANGEROUS" label in the
description line at this point to get people to try it out and find all
the bugs ;) It's still marked as experimental, of course.
Signed-off-by: Julius Volz <juliusv@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Add support for SPDIF/HDMI pass-through support of PS3 audio driver.
Signed-off-by: Masakazu Mokuno <mokuno@sm.sony.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
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Add support for the channel status bit setting so that non-PCM
data stream can be sent (i.e. pass-through) via SPDIF/HDMI.
Signed-off-by: Masakazu Mokuno <mokuno@sm.sony.co.jp>
Acked-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <Geert.Uytterhoeven@sonycom.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
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Add support for muting the analog output so that it does not
play noises while non-PCM data is played.
Signed-off-by: Masakazu Mokuno <mokuno@sm.sony.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
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These accidentally got placed in to cpu-sh4 instead of cpu-sh4/cpu, push
them down one more level.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
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The pinmux management is tied in to this code, while it is presently only
used by platforms that select GENERIC_GPIO. The asm/gpio.h definitions
are not referenced when GENERIC_GPIO is disabled, resulting in a build
failure for all of the platforms that don't select it.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
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Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
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Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
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SH7723 has two types of SCIF (SCIF and SCIFA).
The current sh-sci driver supports only SCIFA, and calculation methods of SCBRR
are different.
This patch support this methods.
Signed-off-by: Nobuhiro Iwamatsu <iwamatsu.nobuhiro@renesas.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
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Add platform data flags for detailed lcd display configuration.
Signed-off-by: Magnus Damm <damm@igel.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
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Remove lddckr from the platform data, these days we calculate the
register value from clock source and clock dividers anyway.
Signed-off-by: Magnus Damm <damm@igel.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
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Remove left overs from the generic declared coherent rework.
Signed-off-by: Magnus Damm <damm@igel.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
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Add support for dynamic crash kernel base address.
Signed-off-by: Magnus Damm <damm@igel.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
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Improve Migo-R ethernet performance by reducing smc91x overruns.
This is done by enabling SMC91X_NOWAIT and optimizing CS4 setup.
Signed-off-by: Magnus Damm <damm@igel.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
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