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Since ARMv8.9, FEAT_MTE_STORE_ONLY can be used to restrict raise of tag
check fault on store operation only.
add MTE_STORE_ONLY hwcaps so that user can use this feature.
Signed-off-by: Yeoreum Yun <yeoreum.yun@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250618092957.2069907-5-yeoreum.yun@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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Introduce new flag -- MTE_CTRL_STORE_ONLY used to set store-only tag check.
This flag isn't overridden by prefered tcf flag setting but set together
with prefered setting of way to report tag check fault.
Signed-off-by: Yeoreum Yun <yeoreum.yun@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250618092957.2069907-4-yeoreum.yun@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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Since ARMv8.9, FEAT_MTE_STORE_ONLY can be used to restrict raise of tag
check fault on store operation only.
add MTE_STORE_ONLY feature.
Signed-off-by: Yeoreum Yun <yeoreum.yun@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250618092957.2069907-2-yeoreum.yun@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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If FEAT_MTE_TAGGED_FAR (Armv8.9) is supported, bits 63:60 of the fault address
are preserved in response to synchronous tag check faults (SEGV_MTESERR).
This patch modifies below to support this feature:
- Use the original FAR_EL1 value when an MTE tag check fault occurs,
if ARM64_MTE_FAR is supported so that not only logical tag
(bits 59:56) but also address tag (bits 63:60] being reported too.
- Add HWCAP for mtefar to let user know bits 63:60 includes
address tag information when when FEAT_MTE_TAGGED_FAR is supported.
Applications that require this information should install
a signal handler with the SA_EXPOSE_TAGBITS flag.
While this introduces a minor ABI change,
most applications do not set this flag and therefore will not be affected.
Signed-off-by: Yeoreum Yun <yeoreum.yun@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250618084513.1761345-3-yeoreum.yun@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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Add FEAT_MTE_TAGGED_FAR cpucap which makes FAR_ELx report
all non-address bits on a synchronous MTE tag check fault since Armv8.9
Signed-off-by: Yeoreum Yun <yeoreum.yun@arm.com>
Acked-by: Yury Khrustalev <yury.khrustalev@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250618084513.1761345-2-yeoreum.yun@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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Allocate a task flag used to represent the patch pending state for the
task. When a livepatch is being loaded or unloaded, the livepatch code
uses this flag to select the proper version of a being patched kernel
functions to use for current task.
In arch/arm64/Kconfig, select HAVE_LIVEPATCH and include proper Kconfig.
This is largely based on [1] by Suraj Jitindar Singh.
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20210604235930.603-1-surajjs@amazon.com/
Cc: Suraj Jitindar Singh <surajjs@amazon.com>
Cc: Torsten Duwe <duwe@suse.de>
Acked-by: Miroslav Benes <mbenes@suse.cz>
Tested-by: Breno Leitao <leitao@debian.org>
Tested-by: Andrea della Porta <andrea.porta@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250630174502.842486-1-song@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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The kernel currently alway prints:
"Use ACPI SPCR as default console: No/Yes "
even on systems that lack an SPCR table. This can
mislead users into thinking the SPCR table exists
on the machines without SPCR.
With this change, the "Yes" is only printed if
the SPCR table is present, parsed and !param_acpi_nospcr.
This avoids user confusion on SPCR-less systems.
Signed-off-by: Li Chen <chenl311@chinatelecom.cn>
Acked-by: Hanjun Guo <guohanjun@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250620131309.126555-3-me@linux.beauty
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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%.pi.o files are built as prerequisites of other objects.
There is no need to use extra-y, which is planned for deprecation.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250602180937.528459-1-masahiroy@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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The Break-Before-Make cpu feature supports multiple levels (levels 0-2),
and this commit adds a dedicated BBML2 cpufeature to test against
support for.
To support BBML2 in as wide a range of contexts as we can, we want not
only the architectural guarantees that BBML2 makes, but additionally
want BBML2 to not create TLB conflict aborts. Not causing aborts avoids
us having to prove that no recursive faults can be induced in any path
that uses BBML2, allowing its use for arbitrary kernel mappings.
This feature builds on the previous ARM64_CPUCAP_EARLY_LOCAL_CPU_FEATURE,
as all early cpus must support BBML2 for us to enable it (and any later
cpus must also support it to be onlined).
Not onlining late cpus that do not support BBML2 is unavoidable, as we
might currently be using BBML2 semantics for kernel memory regions. This
could cause faults in the late cpus, and would be difficult to unwind,
so let us avoid the case altogether.
Signed-off-by: Mikołaj Lenczewski <miko.lenczewski@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250625113435.26849-3-miko.lenczewski@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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For system-wide capabilities, the kernel has the SCOPE_SYSTEM type. Such
capabilities are checked once the SMP boot has completed using the
sanitised ID registers. However, there is a need for a new capability
type similar in scope to the system one but with checking performed
locally on each CPU during boot (e.g. based on MIDR_EL1 which is not a
sanitised register).
Introduce ARM64_CPUCAP_MATCH_ALL_EARLY_CPUS which, together with
ARM64_CPUCAP_SCOPE_LOCAL_CPU, ensures that such capability is enabled
only if all early CPUs have it. For ease of use, define
ARM64_CPUCAP_EARLY_LOCAL_CPU_FEATURE which combines SCOPE_LOCAL_CPU,
PERMITTED_FOR_LATE_CPUS and MATCH_ALL_EARLY_CPUS.
Signed-off-by: Mikołaj Lenczewski <miko.lenczewski@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Suzuki K Poulose <Suzuki.Poulose@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250625113435.26849-2-miko.lenczewski@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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Add arch_stack_walk_reliable(), which will be used during kernel live
patching to detect when threads have completed executing old versions of
functions.
Note that arch_stack_walk_reliable() only needs to guarantee that it
returns an error code when it cannot provide a reliable stacktrace. It
is not required to provide a reliable stacktrace in all scenarios so
long as it returns said error code.
At present we can only reliably unwind up to an exception boundary. In
future we should be able to improve this with additional data from the
compiler (e.g. sframe).
Signed-off-by: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250320171559.3423224-2-song@kernel.org
[ Mark: Simplify logic, clarify commit message ]
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Andrea della Porta <andrea.porta@suse.com>
Cc: Breno Leitao <leitao@debian.org>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
Cc: Miroslav Benes <mbenes@suse.cz>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250521111000.2237470-3-mark.rutland@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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If kretprobe_find_ret_addr() fails to find the original return address,
it returns 0. Check for this case so that a reliable stacktrace won't
silently ignore it.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Andrea della Porta <andrea.porta@suse.com>
Cc: Breno Leitao <leitao@debian.org>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
Cc: Miroslav Benes <mbenes@suse.cz>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Reviewed-and-tested-by: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250521111000.2237470-2-mark.rutland@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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To enable late module patching, livepatch modules need to be able to
apply some of their relocations well after being loaded. In this
scenario however, the livepatch module text and data is already RX-only,
so special treatment is needed to make the late relocations possible. To
do this, use the text-poking API for these late relocations.
This patch is partially based off commit 88fc078a7a8f6 ("x86/module: Use
text_poke() for late relocations").
Signed-off-by: Dylan Hatch <dylanbhatch@google.com>
Acked-by: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250603223417.3700218-1-dylanbhatch@google.com
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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KASAN reports a stack-out-of-bounds read in regs_get_kernel_stack_nth().
Call Trace:
[ 97.283505] BUG: KASAN: stack-out-of-bounds in regs_get_kernel_stack_nth+0xa8/0xc8
[ 97.284677] Read of size 8 at addr ffff800089277c10 by task 1.sh/2550
[ 97.285732]
[ 97.286067] CPU: 7 PID: 2550 Comm: 1.sh Not tainted 6.6.0+ #11
[ 97.287032] Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)
[ 97.287815] Call trace:
[ 97.288279] dump_backtrace+0xa0/0x128
[ 97.288946] show_stack+0x20/0x38
[ 97.289551] dump_stack_lvl+0x78/0xc8
[ 97.290203] print_address_description.constprop.0+0x84/0x3c8
[ 97.291159] print_report+0xb0/0x280
[ 97.291792] kasan_report+0x84/0xd0
[ 97.292421] __asan_load8+0x9c/0xc0
[ 97.293042] regs_get_kernel_stack_nth+0xa8/0xc8
[ 97.293835] process_fetch_insn+0x770/0xa30
[ 97.294562] kprobe_trace_func+0x254/0x3b0
[ 97.295271] kprobe_dispatcher+0x98/0xe0
[ 97.295955] kprobe_breakpoint_handler+0x1b0/0x210
[ 97.296774] call_break_hook+0xc4/0x100
[ 97.297451] brk_handler+0x24/0x78
[ 97.298073] do_debug_exception+0xac/0x178
[ 97.298785] el1_dbg+0x70/0x90
[ 97.299344] el1h_64_sync_handler+0xcc/0xe8
[ 97.300066] el1h_64_sync+0x78/0x80
[ 97.300699] kernel_clone+0x0/0x500
[ 97.301331] __arm64_sys_clone+0x70/0x90
[ 97.302084] invoke_syscall+0x68/0x198
[ 97.302746] el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0x11c/0x150
[ 97.303569] do_el0_svc+0x38/0x50
[ 97.304164] el0_svc+0x44/0x1d8
[ 97.304749] el0t_64_sync_handler+0x100/0x130
[ 97.305500] el0t_64_sync+0x188/0x190
[ 97.306151]
[ 97.306475] The buggy address belongs to stack of task 1.sh/2550
[ 97.307461] and is located at offset 0 in frame:
[ 97.308257] __se_sys_clone+0x0/0x138
[ 97.308910]
[ 97.309241] This frame has 1 object:
[ 97.309873] [48, 184) 'args'
[ 97.309876]
[ 97.310749] The buggy address belongs to the virtual mapping at
[ 97.310749] [ffff800089270000, ffff800089279000) created by:
[ 97.310749] dup_task_struct+0xc0/0x2e8
[ 97.313347]
[ 97.313674] The buggy address belongs to the physical page:
[ 97.314604] page: refcount:1 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x14f69a
[ 97.315885] flags: 0x15ffffe00000000(node=1|zone=2|lastcpupid=0xfffff)
[ 97.316957] raw: 015ffffe00000000 0000000000000000 dead000000000122 0000000000000000
[ 97.318207] raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00000001ffffffff 0000000000000000
[ 97.319445] page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected
[ 97.320371]
[ 97.320694] Memory state around the buggy address:
[ 97.321511] ffff800089277b00: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
[ 97.322681] ffff800089277b80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
[ 97.323846] >ffff800089277c00: 00 00 f1 f1 f1 f1 f1 f1 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
[ 97.325023] ^
[ 97.325683] ffff800089277c80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 f3 f3 f3 f3 f3 f3 f3
[ 97.326856] ffff800089277d00: f3 f3 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
This issue seems to be related to the behavior of some gcc compilers and
was also fixed on the s390 architecture before:
commit d93a855c31b7 ("s390/ptrace: Avoid KASAN false positives in regs_get_kernel_stack_nth()")
As described in that commit, regs_get_kernel_stack_nth() has confirmed that
`addr` is on the stack, so reading the value at `*addr` should be allowed.
Use READ_ONCE_NOCHECK() helper to silence the KASAN check for this case.
Fixes: 0a8ea52c3eb1 ("arm64: Add HAVE_REGS_AND_STACK_ACCESS_API feature")
Signed-off-by: Tengda Wu <wutengda@huaweicloud.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250604005533.1278992-1-wutengda@huaweicloud.com
[will: Use '*addr' as the argument to READ_ONCE_NOCHECK()]
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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Currently we call gcs_free() during flush_gcs() to reset the thread
state for GCS. This includes unmapping any kernel allocated GCS, but
this is redundant when doing a flush_thread() since we are
reinitialising the thread memory too. Inline the reinitialisation of the
thread struct.
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250611-arm64-gcs-flush-thread-v1-1-cc26feeddabd@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild
Pull Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:
- Add support for the EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL_FOR_MODULES() macro, which
exports a symbol only to specified modules
- Improve ABI handling in gendwarfksyms
- Forcibly link lib-y objects to vmlinux even if CONFIG_MODULES=n
- Add checkers for redundant or missing <linux/export.h> inclusion
- Deprecate the extra-y syntax
- Fix a genksyms bug when including enum constants from *.symref files
* tag 'kbuild-v6.16' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild: (28 commits)
genksyms: Fix enum consts from a reference affecting new values
arch: use always-$(KBUILD_BUILTIN) for vmlinux.lds
kbuild: set y instead of 1 to KBUILD_{BUILTIN,MODULES}
efi/libstub: use 'targets' instead of extra-y in Makefile
module: make __mod_device_table__* symbols static
scripts/misc-check: check unnecessary #include <linux/export.h> when W=1
scripts/misc-check: check missing #include <linux/export.h> when W=1
scripts/misc-check: add double-quotes to satisfy shellcheck
kbuild: move W=1 check for scripts/misc-check to top-level Makefile
scripts/tags.sh: allow to use alternative ctags implementation
kconfig: introduce menu type enum
docs: symbol-namespaces: fix reST warning with literal block
kbuild: link lib-y objects to vmlinux forcibly even when CONFIG_MODULES=n
tinyconfig: enable CONFIG_LD_DEAD_CODE_DATA_ELIMINATION
docs/core-api/symbol-namespaces: drop table of contents and section numbering
modpost: check forbidden MODULE_IMPORT_NS("module:") at compile time
kbuild: move kbuild syntax processing to scripts/Makefile.build
Makefile: remove dependency on archscripts for header installation
Documentation/kbuild: Add new gendwarfksyms kABI rules
Documentation/kbuild: Drop section numbers
...
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The extra-y syntax is deprecated. Instead, use always-$(KBUILD_BUILTIN),
which behaves equivalently.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <n.schier@avm.de>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux
Pull arm64 fixes from Will Deacon:
"We've got a couple of build fixes when using LLD, a missing TLB
invalidation and a workaround for broken firmware on SoCs with CPUs
that implement MPAM:
- Disable problematic linker assertions for broken versions of LLD
- Work around sporadic link failure with LLD and various randconfig
builds
- Fix missing invalidation in the TLB batching code when reclaim
races with mprotect() and friends
- Add a command-line override for MPAM to allow booting on systems
with broken firmware"
* tag 'arm64-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux:
arm64: Add override for MPAM
arm64/mm: Close theoretical race where stale TLB entry remains valid
arm64: Work around convergence issue with LLD linker
arm64: Disable LLD linker ASSERT()s for the time being
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As the message of the commit 09e6b306f3ba ("arm64: cpufeature: discover
CPU support for MPAM") already states, if a buggy firmware fails to
either enable MPAM or emulate the trap as if it were disabled, the
kernel will just fail to boot. While upgrading the firmware should be
the best solution, we have some hardware of which the vendor have made
no response 2 months after we requested a firmware update. Allow
overriding it so our devices don't become some e-waste.
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Shameer Kolothum <shameerali.kolothum.thodi@huawei.com>
Cc: Mingcong Bai <jeffbai@aosc.io>
Cc: Shaopeng Tan <tan.shaopeng@fujitsu.com>
Cc: Ben Horgan <ben.horgan@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Xi Ruoyao <xry111@xry111.site>
Reviewed-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250602043723.216338-1-xry111@xry111.site
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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LLD will occasionally error out with a '__init_end does not converge'
error if INIT_IDMAP_DIR_SIZE is defined in terms of _end, as this
results in a circular dependency.
Counter this by dimensioning the initial IDMAP page tables based on a
new boundary marker 'kimage_limit', and define it such that its value
should not change as a result of the initdata segment being pushed over
a 64k segment boundary due to changes in INIT_IDMAP_DIR_SIZE, provided
that its value doesn't change by more than 2M between linker passes.
Reported-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250531123005.3866382-2-ardb+git@google.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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It turns out [1] that the way LLD handles ASSERT()s in the linker script
can result in spurious failures, so disable them for the newly
introduced BSS symbol export checks. Since we're not aware of any issues
with the existing assertions in vmlinux.lds.S, leave those alone for now
so that they can continue to provide useful coverage.
A linker fix [2] is due to land in version 21 of LLD.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/202505261019.OUlitN6m-lkp@intel.com [1]
Link: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/commit/5859863bab7f [2]
Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/2094
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202505261019.OUlitN6m-lkp@intel.com/
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250529073507.2984959-2-ardb+git@google.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton:
- "Add folio_mk_pte()" from Matthew Wilcox simplifies the act of
creating a pte which addresses the first page in a folio and reduces
the amount of plumbing which architecture must implement to provide
this.
- "Misc folio patches for 6.16" from Matthew Wilcox is a shower of
largely unrelated folio infrastructure changes which clean things up
and better prepare us for future work.
- "memory,x86,acpi: hotplug memory alignment advisement" from Gregory
Price adds early-init code to prevent x86 from leaving physical
memory unused when physical address regions are not aligned to memory
block size.
- "mm/compaction: allow more aggressive proactive compaction" from
Michal Clapinski provides some tuning of the (sadly, hard-coded (more
sadly, not auto-tuned)) thresholds for our invokation of proactive
compaction. In a simple test case, the reduction of a guest VM's
memory consumption was dramatic.
- "Minor cleanups and improvements to swap freeing code" from Kemeng
Shi provides some code cleaups and a small efficiency improvement to
this part of our swap handling code.
- "ptrace: introduce PTRACE_SET_SYSCALL_INFO API" from Dmitry Levin
adds the ability for a ptracer to modify syscalls arguments. At this
time we can alter only "system call information that are used by
strace system call tampering, namely, syscall number, syscall
arguments, and syscall return value.
This series should have been incorporated into mm.git's "non-MM"
branch, but I goofed.
- "fs/proc: extend the PAGEMAP_SCAN ioctl to report guard regions" from
Andrei Vagin extends the info returned by the PAGEMAP_SCAN ioctl
against /proc/pid/pagemap. This permits CRIU to more efficiently get
at the info about guard regions.
- "Fix parameter passed to page_mapcount_is_type()" from Gavin Shan
implements that fix. No runtime effect is expected because
validate_page_before_insert() happens to fix up this error.
- "kernel/events/uprobes: uprobe_write_opcode() rewrite" from David
Hildenbrand basically brings uprobe text poking into the current
decade. Remove a bunch of hand-rolled implementation in favor of
using more current facilities.
- "mm/ptdump: Drop assumption that pxd_val() is u64" from Anshuman
Khandual provides enhancements and generalizations to the pte dumping
code. This might be needed when 128-bit Page Table Descriptors are
enabled for ARM.
- "Always call constructor for kernel page tables" from Kevin Brodsky
ensures that the ctor/dtor is always called for kernel pgtables, as
it already is for user pgtables.
This permits the addition of more functionality such as "insert hooks
to protect page tables". This change does result in various
architectures performing unnecesary work, but this is fixed up where
it is anticipated to occur.
- "Rust support for mm_struct, vm_area_struct, and mmap" from Alice
Ryhl adds plumbing to permit Rust access to core MM structures.
- "fix incorrectly disallowed anonymous VMA merges" from Lorenzo
Stoakes takes advantage of some VMA merging opportunities which we've
been missing for 15 years.
- "mm/madvise: batch tlb flushes for MADV_DONTNEED and MADV_FREE" from
SeongJae Park optimizes process_madvise()'s TLB flushing.
Instead of flushing each address range in the provided iovec, we
batch the flushing across all the iovec entries. The syscall's cost
was approximately halved with a microbenchmark which was designed to
load this particular operation.
- "Track node vacancy to reduce worst case allocation counts" from
Sidhartha Kumar makes the maple tree smarter about its node
preallocation.
stress-ng mmap performance increased by single-digit percentages and
the amount of unnecessarily preallocated memory was dramaticelly
reduced.
- "mm/gup: Minor fix, cleanup and improvements" from Baoquan He removes
a few unnecessary things which Baoquan noted when reading the code.
- ""Enhance sysfs handling for memory hotplug in weighted interleave"
from Rakie Kim "enhances the weighted interleave policy in the memory
management subsystem by improving sysfs handling, fixing memory
leaks, and introducing dynamic sysfs updates for memory hotplug
support". Fixes things on error paths which we are unlikely to hit.
- "mm/damon: auto-tune DAMOS for NUMA setups including tiered memory"
from SeongJae Park introduces new DAMOS quota goal metrics which
eliminate the manual tuning which is required when utilizing DAMON
for memory tiering.
- "mm/vmalloc.c: code cleanup and improvements" from Baoquan He
provides cleanups and small efficiency improvements which Baoquan
found via code inspection.
- "vmscan: enforce mems_effective during demotion" from Gregory Price
changes reclaim to respect cpuset.mems_effective during demotion when
possible. because presently, reclaim explicitly ignores
cpuset.mems_effective when demoting, which may cause the cpuset
settings to violated.
This is useful for isolating workloads on a multi-tenant system from
certain classes of memory more consistently.
- "Clean up split_huge_pmd_locked() and remove unnecessary folio
pointers" from Gavin Guo provides minor cleanups and efficiency gains
in in the huge page splitting and migrating code.
- "Use kmem_cache for memcg alloc" from Huan Yang creates a slab cache
for `struct mem_cgroup', yielding improved memory utilization.
- "add max arg to swappiness in memory.reclaim and lru_gen" from
Zhongkun He adds a new "max" argument to the "swappiness=" argument
for memory.reclaim MGLRU's lru_gen.
This directs proactive reclaim to reclaim from only anon folios
rather than file-backed folios.
- "kexec: introduce Kexec HandOver (KHO)" from Mike Rapoport is the
first step on the path to permitting the kernel to maintain existing
VMs while replacing the host kernel via file-based kexec. At this
time only memblock's reserve_mem is preserved.
- "mm: Introduce for_each_valid_pfn()" from David Woodhouse provides
and uses a smarter way of looping over a pfn range. By skipping
ranges of invalid pfns.
- "sched/numa: Skip VMA scanning on memory pinned to one NUMA node via
cpuset.mems" from Libo Chen removes a lot of pointless VMA scanning
when a task is pinned a single NUMA mode.
Dramatic performance benefits were seen in some real world cases.
- "JFS: Implement migrate_folio for jfs_metapage_aops" from Shivank
Garg addresses a warning which occurs during memory compaction when
using JFS.
- "move all VMA allocation, freeing and duplication logic to mm" from
Lorenzo Stoakes moves some VMA code from kernel/fork.c into the more
appropriate mm/vma.c.
- "mm, swap: clean up swap cache mapping helper" from Kairui Song
provides code consolidation and cleanups related to the folio_index()
function.
- "mm/gup: Cleanup memfd_pin_folios()" from Vishal Moola does that.
- "memcg: Fix test_memcg_min/low test failures" from Waiman Long
addresses some bogus failures which are being reported by the
test_memcontrol selftest.
- "eliminate mmap() retry merge, add .mmap_prepare hook" from Lorenzo
Stoakes commences the deprecation of file_operations.mmap() in favor
of the new file_operations.mmap_prepare().
The latter is more restrictive and prevents drivers from messing with
things in ways which, amongst other problems, may defeat VMA merging.
- "memcg: decouple memcg and objcg stocks"" from Shakeel Butt decouples
the per-cpu memcg charge cache from the objcg's one.
This is a step along the way to making memcg and objcg charging
NMI-safe, which is a BPF requirement.
- "mm/damon: minor fixups and improvements for code, tests, and
documents" from SeongJae Park is yet another batch of miscellaneous
DAMON changes. Fix and improve minor problems in code, tests and
documents.
- "memcg: make memcg stats irq safe" from Shakeel Butt converts memcg
stats to be irq safe. Another step along the way to making memcg
charging and stats updates NMI-safe, a BPF requirement.
- "Let unmap_hugepage_range() and several related functions take folio
instead of page" from Fan Ni provides folio conversions in the
hugetlb code.
* tag 'mm-stable-2025-05-31-14-50' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (285 commits)
mm: pcp: increase pcp->free_count threshold to trigger free_high
mm/hugetlb: convert use of struct page to folio in __unmap_hugepage_range()
mm/hugetlb: refactor __unmap_hugepage_range() to take folio instead of page
mm/hugetlb: refactor unmap_hugepage_range() to take folio instead of page
mm/hugetlb: pass folio instead of page to unmap_ref_private()
memcg: objcg stock trylock without irq disabling
memcg: no stock lock for cpu hot-unplug
memcg: make __mod_memcg_lruvec_state re-entrant safe against irqs
memcg: make count_memcg_events re-entrant safe against irqs
memcg: make mod_memcg_state re-entrant safe against irqs
memcg: move preempt disable to callers of memcg_rstat_updated
memcg: memcg_rstat_updated re-entrant safe against irqs
mm: khugepaged: decouple SHMEM and file folios' collapse
selftests/eventfd: correct test name and improve messages
alloc_tag: check mem_profiling_support in alloc_tag_init
Docs/damon: update titles and brief introductions to explain DAMOS
selftests/damon/_damon_sysfs: read tried regions directories in order
mm/damon/tests/core-kunit: add a test for damos_set_filters_default_reject()
mm/damon/paddr: remove unused variable, folio_list, in damon_pa_stat()
mm/damon/sysfs-schemes: fix wrong comment on damons_sysfs_quota_goal_metric_strs
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/efi/efi
Pull EFI updates from Ard Biesheuvel:
"Not a lot going on in the EFI tree this cycle. The only thing that
stands out is the new support for SBAT metadata, which was a bit
contentious when it was first proposed, because in the initial
incarnation, it would have required us to maintain a revocation index,
and bump it each time a vulnerability affecting UEFI secure boot got
fixed. This was shot down for obvious reasons.
This time, only the changes needed to emit the SBAT section into the
PE/COFF image are being carried upstream, and it is up to the distros
to decide what to put in there when creating and signing the build.
This only has the EFI zboot bits (which the distros will be using for
arm64); the x86 bzImage changes should be arriving next cycle,
presumably via the -tip tree.
Summary:
- Add support for emitting a .sbat section into the EFI zboot image,
so that downstreams can easily include revocation metadata in the
signed EFI images
- Align PE symbolic constant names with other projects
- Bug fix for the efi_test module
- Log the physical address and size of the EFI memory map when
failing to map it
- A kerneldoc fix for the EFI stub code"
* tag 'efi-next-for-v6.16' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/efi/efi:
include: pe.h: Fix PE definitions
efi/efi_test: Fix missing pending status update in getwakeuptime
efi: zboot specific mechanism for embedding SBAT section
efi/libstub: Describe missing 'out' parameter in efi_load_initrd
efi: Improve logging around memmap init
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Pull kvm updates from Paolo Bonzini:
"As far as x86 goes this pull request "only" includes TDX host support.
Quotes are appropriate because (at 6k lines and 100+ commits) it is
much bigger than the rest, which will come later this week and
consists mostly of bugfixes and selftests. s390 changes will also come
in the second batch.
ARM:
- Add large stage-2 mapping (THP) support for non-protected guests
when pKVM is enabled, clawing back some performance.
- Enable nested virtualisation support on systems that support it,
though it is disabled by default.
- Add UBSAN support to the standalone EL2 object used in nVHE/hVHE
and protected modes.
- Large rework of the way KVM tracks architecture features and links
them with the effects of control bits. While this has no functional
impact, it ensures correctness of emulation (the data is
automatically extracted from the published JSON files), and helps
dealing with the evolution of the architecture.
- Significant changes to the way pKVM tracks ownership of pages,
avoiding page table walks by storing the state in the hypervisor's
vmemmap. This in turn enables the THP support described above.
- New selftest checking the pKVM ownership transition rules
- Fixes for FEAT_MTE_ASYNC being accidentally advertised to guests
even if the host didn't have it.
- Fixes for the address translation emulation, which happened to be
rather buggy in some specific contexts.
- Fixes for the PMU emulation in NV contexts, decoupling PMCR_EL0.N
from the number of counters exposed to a guest and addressing a
number of issues in the process.
- Add a new selftest for the SVE host state being corrupted by a
guest.
- Keep HCR_EL2.xMO set at all times for systems running with the
kernel at EL2, ensuring that the window for interrupts is slightly
bigger, and avoiding a pretty bad erratum on the AmpereOne HW.
- Add workaround for AmpereOne's erratum AC04_CPU_23, which suffers
from a pretty bad case of TLB corruption unless accesses to HCR_EL2
are heavily synchronised.
- Add a per-VM, per-ITS debugfs entry to dump the state of the ITS
tables in a human-friendly fashion.
- and the usual random cleanups.
LoongArch:
- Don't flush tlb if the host supports hardware page table walks.
- Add KVM selftests support.
RISC-V:
- Add vector registers to get-reg-list selftest
- VCPU reset related improvements
- Remove scounteren initialization from VCPU reset
- Support VCPU reset from userspace using set_mpstate() ioctl
x86:
- Initial support for TDX in KVM.
This finally makes it possible to use the TDX module to run
confidential guests on Intel processors. This is quite a large
series, including support for private page tables (managed by the
TDX module and mirrored in KVM for efficiency), forwarding some
TDVMCALLs to userspace, and handling several special VM exits from
the TDX module.
This has been in the works for literally years and it's not really
possible to describe everything here, so I'll defer to the various
merge commits up to and including commit 7bcf7246c42a ('Merge
branch 'kvm-tdx-finish-initial' into HEAD')"
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (248 commits)
x86/tdx: mark tdh_vp_enter() as __flatten
Documentation: virt/kvm: remove unreferenced footnote
RISC-V: KVM: lock the correct mp_state during reset
KVM: arm64: Fix documentation for vgic_its_iter_next()
KVM: arm64: np-guest CMOs with PMD_SIZE fixmap
KVM: arm64: Stage-2 huge mappings for np-guests
KVM: arm64: Add a range to pkvm_mappings
KVM: arm64: Convert pkvm_mappings to interval tree
KVM: arm64: Add a range to __pkvm_host_test_clear_young_guest()
KVM: arm64: Add a range to __pkvm_host_wrprotect_guest()
KVM: arm64: Add a range to __pkvm_host_unshare_guest()
KVM: arm64: Add a range to __pkvm_host_share_guest()
KVM: arm64: Introduce for_each_hyp_page
KVM: arm64: Handle huge mappings for np-guest CMOs
KVM: arm64: nv: Release faulted-in VNCR page from mmu_lock critical section
KVM: arm64: nv: Handle TLBI S1E2 for VNCR invalidation with mmu_lock held
KVM: arm64: nv: Hold mmu_lock when invalidating VNCR SW-TLB before translating
RISC-V: KVM: add KVM_CAP_RISCV_MP_STATE_RESET
RISC-V: KVM: Remove scounteren initialization
KVM: RISC-V: remove unnecessary SBI reset state
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux
Pull arm64 updates from Will Deacon:
"The headline feature is the re-enablement of support for Arm's
Scalable Matrix Extension (SME) thanks to a bumper crop of fixes
from Mark Rutland.
If matrices aren't your thing, then Ryan's page-table optimisation
work is much more interesting.
Summary:
ACPI, EFI and PSCI:
- Decouple Arm's "Software Delegated Exception Interface" (SDEI)
support from the ACPI GHES code so that it can be used by platforms
booted with device-tree
- Remove unnecessary per-CPU tracking of the FPSIMD state across EFI
runtime calls
- Fix a node refcount imbalance in the PSCI device-tree code
CPU Features:
- Ensure register sanitisation is applied to fields in ID_AA64MMFR4
- Expose AIDR_EL1 to userspace via sysfs, primarily so that KVM
guests can reliably query the underlying CPU types from the VMM
- Re-enabling of SME support (CONFIG_ARM64_SME) as a result of fixes
to our context-switching, signal handling and ptrace code
Entry code:
- Hook up TIF_NEED_RESCHED_LAZY so that CONFIG_PREEMPT_LAZY can be
selected
Memory management:
- Prevent BSS exports from being used by the early PI code
- Propagate level and stride information to the low-level TLB
invalidation routines when operating on hugetlb entries
- Use the page-table contiguous hint for vmap() mappings with
VM_ALLOW_HUGE_VMAP where possible
- Optimise vmalloc()/vmap() page-table updates to use "lazy MMU mode"
and hook this up on arm64 so that the trailing DSB (used to publish
the updates to the hardware walker) can be deferred until the end
of the mapping operation
- Extend mmap() randomisation for 52-bit virtual addresses (on par
with 48-bit addressing) and remove limited support for
randomisation of the linear map
Perf and PMUs:
- Add support for probing the CMN-S3 driver using ACPI
- Minor driver fixes to the CMN, Arm-NI and amlogic PMU drivers
Selftests:
- Fix FPSIMD and SME tests to align with the freshly re-enabled SME
support
- Fix default setting of the OUTPUT variable so that tests are
installed in the right location
vDSO:
- Replace raw counter access from inline assembly code with a call to
the the __arch_counter_get_cntvct() helper function
Miscellaneous:
- Add some missing header inclusions to the CCA headers
- Rework rendering of /proc/cpuinfo to follow the x86-approach and
avoid repeated buffer expansion (the user-visible format remains
identical)
- Remove redundant selection of CONFIG_CRC32
- Extend early error message when failing to map the device-tree
blob"
* tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux: (83 commits)
arm64: cputype: Add cputype definition for HIP12
arm64: el2_setup.h: Make __init_el2_fgt labels consistent, again
perf/arm-cmn: Add CMN S3 ACPI binding
arm64/boot: Disallow BSS exports to startup code
arm64/boot: Move global CPU override variables out of BSS
arm64/boot: Move init_pgdir[] and init_idmap_pgdir[] into __pi_ namespace
perf/arm-cmn: Initialise cmn->cpu earlier
kselftest/arm64: Set default OUTPUT path when undefined
arm64: Update comment regarding values in __boot_cpu_mode
arm64: mm: Drop redundant check in pmd_trans_huge()
arm64/mm: Re-organise setting up FEAT_S1PIE registers PIRE0_EL1 and PIR_EL1
arm64/mm: Permit lazy_mmu_mode to be nested
arm64/mm: Disable barrier batching in interrupt contexts
arm64/cpuinfo: only show one cpu's info in c_show()
arm64/mm: Batch barriers when updating kernel mappings
mm/vmalloc: Enter lazy mmu mode while manipulating vmalloc ptes
arm64/mm: Support huge pte-mapped pages in vmap
mm/vmalloc: Gracefully unmap huge ptes
mm/vmalloc: Warn on improper use of vunmap_range()
arm64/mm: Hoist barriers out of set_ptes_anysz() loop
...
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* for-next/sme-fixes: (35 commits)
arm64/fpsimd: Allow CONFIG_ARM64_SME to be selected
arm64/fpsimd: ptrace: Gracefully handle errors
arm64/fpsimd: ptrace: Mandate SVE payload for streaming-mode state
arm64/fpsimd: ptrace: Do not present register data for inactive mode
arm64/fpsimd: ptrace: Save task state before generating SVE header
arm64/fpsimd: ptrace/prctl: Ensure VL changes leave task in a valid state
arm64/fpsimd: ptrace/prctl: Ensure VL changes do not resurrect stale data
arm64/fpsimd: Make clone() compatible with ZA lazy saving
arm64/fpsimd: Clear PSTATE.SM during clone()
arm64/fpsimd: Consistently preserve FPSIMD state during clone()
arm64/fpsimd: Remove redundant task->mm check
arm64/fpsimd: signal: Use SMSTOP behaviour in setup_return()
arm64/fpsimd: Add task_smstop_sm()
arm64/fpsimd: Factor out {sve,sme}_state_size() helpers
arm64/fpsimd: Clarify sve_sync_*() functions
arm64/fpsimd: ptrace: Consistently handle partial writes to NT_ARM_(S)SVE
arm64/fpsimd: signal: Consistently read FPSIMD context
arm64/fpsimd: signal: Mandate SVE payload for streaming-mode state
arm64/fpsimd: signal: Clear PSTATE.SM when restoring FPSIMD frame only
arm64/fpsimd: Do not discard modified SVE state
...
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* for-next/mm:
arm64/boot: Disallow BSS exports to startup code
arm64/boot: Move global CPU override variables out of BSS
arm64/boot: Move init_pgdir[] and init_idmap_pgdir[] into __pi_ namespace
arm64: mm: Drop redundant check in pmd_trans_huge()
arm64/mm: Permit lazy_mmu_mode to be nested
arm64/mm: Disable barrier batching in interrupt contexts
arm64/mm: Batch barriers when updating kernel mappings
mm/vmalloc: Enter lazy mmu mode while manipulating vmalloc ptes
arm64/mm: Support huge pte-mapped pages in vmap
mm/vmalloc: Gracefully unmap huge ptes
mm/vmalloc: Warn on improper use of vunmap_range()
arm64/mm: Hoist barriers out of set_ptes_anysz() loop
arm64: hugetlb: Use __set_ptes_anysz() and __ptep_get_and_clear_anysz()
arm64/mm: Refactor __set_ptes() and __ptep_get_and_clear()
mm/page_table_check: Batch-check pmds/puds just like ptes
arm64: hugetlb: Refine tlb maintenance scope
arm64: hugetlb: Cleanup huge_pte size discovery mechanisms
arm64: pageattr: Explicitly bail out when changing permissions for vmalloc_huge mappings
arm64: Support ARM64_VA_BITS=52 when setting ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MAX
arm64/mm: Remove randomization of the linear map
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* for-next/misc:
arm64/cpuinfo: only show one cpu's info in c_show()
arm64: Extend pr_crit message on invalid FDT
arm64: Kconfig: remove unnecessary selection of CRC32
arm64: Add missing includes for mem_encrypt
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Merge in for-next/fixes, as subsequent improvements to our early PI
code that disallow BSS exports depend on the 'arm64_use_ng_mappings'
fix here.
* for-next/fixes:
arm64: cpufeature: Move arm64_use_ng_mappings to the .data section to prevent wrong idmap generation
arm64: errata: Add missing sentinels to Spectre-BHB MIDR arrays
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* for-next/entry:
arm64: el2_setup.h: Make __init_el2_fgt labels consistent, again
arm64: Update comment regarding values in __boot_cpu_mode
arm64/mm: Re-organise setting up FEAT_S1PIE registers PIRE0_EL1 and PIR_EL1
arm64: enable PREEMPT_LAZY
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* for-next/efi:
arm64/fpsimd: Avoid unnecessary per-CPU buffers for EFI runtime calls
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kvmarm/kvmarm into HEAD
KVM/arm64 updates for 6.16
* New features:
- Add large stage-2 mapping support for non-protected pKVM guests,
clawing back some performance.
- Add UBSAN support to the standalone EL2 object used in nVHE/hVHE and
protected modes.
- Enable nested virtualisation support on systems that support it
(yes, it has been a long time coming), though it is disabled by
default.
* Improvements, fixes and cleanups:
- Large rework of the way KVM tracks architecture features and links
them with the effects of control bits. This ensures correctness of
emulation (the data is automatically extracted from the published
JSON files), and helps dealing with the evolution of the
architecture.
- Significant changes to the way pKVM tracks ownership of pages,
avoiding page table walks by storing the state in the hypervisor's
vmemmap. This in turn enables the THP support described above.
- New selftest checking the pKVM ownership transition rules
- Fixes for FEAT_MTE_ASYNC being accidentally advertised to guests
even if the host didn't have it.
- Fixes for the address translation emulation, which happened to be
rather buggy in some specific contexts.
- Fixes for the PMU emulation in NV contexts, decoupling PMCR_EL0.N
from the number of counters exposed to a guest and addressing a
number of issues in the process.
- Add a new selftest for the SVE host state being corrupted by a
guest.
- Keep HCR_EL2.xMO set at all times for systems running with the
kernel at EL2, ensuring that the window for interrupts is slightly
bigger, and avoiding a pretty bad erratum on the AmpereOne HW.
- Add workaround for AmpereOne's erratum AC04_CPU_23, which suffers
from a pretty bad case of TLB corruption unless accesses to HCR_EL2
are heavily synchronised.
- Add a per-VM, per-ITS debugfs entry to dump the state of the ITS
tables in a human-friendly fashion.
- and the usual random cleanups.
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* kvm-arm64/misc-6.16:
: .
: Misc changes and improvements for 6.16:
:
: - Add a new selftest for the SVE host state being corrupted by a guest
:
: - Keep HCR_EL2.xMO set at all times for systems running with the kernel at EL2,
: ensuring that the window for interrupts is slightly bigger, and avoiding
: a pretty bad erratum on the AmpereOne HW
:
: - Replace a couple of open-coded on/off strings with str_on_off()
:
: - Get rid of the pKVM memblock sorting, which now appears to be superflous
:
: - Drop superflous clearing of ICH_LR_EOI in the LR when nesting
:
: - Add workaround for AmpereOne's erratum AC04_CPU_23, which suffers from
: a pretty bad case of TLB corruption unless accesses to HCR_EL2 are
: heavily synchronised
:
: - Add a per-VM, per-ITS debugfs entry to dump the state of the ITS tables
: in a human-friendly fashion
: .
KVM: arm64: Fix documentation for vgic_its_iter_next()
KVM: arm64: vgic-its: Add debugfs interface to expose ITS tables
arm64: errata: Work around AmpereOne's erratum AC04_CPU_23
KVM: arm64: nv: Remove clearing of ICH_LR<n>.EOI if ICH_LR<n>.HW == 1
KVM: arm64: Drop sort_memblock_regions()
KVM: arm64: selftests: Add test for SVE host corruption
KVM: arm64: Force HCR_EL2.xMO to 1 at all times in VHE mode
KVM: arm64: Replace ternary flags with str_on_off() helper
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
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* kvm-arm64/fgt-masks: (43 commits)
: .
: Large rework of the way KVM deals with trap bits in conjunction with
: the CPU feature registers. It now draws a direct link between which
: the feature set, the system registers that need to UNDEF to match
: the configuration and bits that need to behave as RES0 or RES1 in
: the trap registers that are visible to the guest.
:
: Best of all, these definitions are mostly automatically generated
: from the JSON description published by ARM under a permissive
: license.
: .
KVM: arm64: Handle TSB CSYNC traps
KVM: arm64: Add FGT descriptors for FEAT_FGT2
KVM: arm64: Allow sysreg ranges for FGT descriptors
KVM: arm64: Add context-switch for FEAT_FGT2 registers
KVM: arm64: Add trap routing for FEAT_FGT2 registers
KVM: arm64: Add sanitisation for FEAT_FGT2 registers
KVM: arm64: Add FEAT_FGT2 registers to the VNCR page
KVM: arm64: Use HCR_EL2 feature map to drive fixed-value bits
KVM: arm64: Use HCRX_EL2 feature map to drive fixed-value bits
KVM: arm64: Allow kvm_has_feat() to take variable arguments
KVM: arm64: Use FGT feature maps to drive RES0 bits
KVM: arm64: Validate FGT register descriptions against RES0 masks
KVM: arm64: Switch to table-driven FGU configuration
KVM: arm64: Handle PSB CSYNC traps
KVM: arm64: Use KVM-specific HCRX_EL2 RES0 mask
KVM: arm64: Remove hand-crafted masks for FGT registers
KVM: arm64: Use computed FGT masks to setup FGT registers
KVM: arm64: Propagate FGT masks to the nVHE hypervisor
KVM: arm64: Unconditionally configure fine-grain traps
KVM: arm64: Use computed masks as sanitisers for FGT registers
...
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
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* kvm-arm64/mte-frac:
: .
: Prevent FEAT_MTE_ASYNC from being accidently exposed to a guest,
: courtesy of Ben Horgan. From the cover letter:
:
: "The ID_AA64PFR1_EL1.MTE_frac field is currently hidden from KVM.
: However, when ID_AA64PFR1_EL1.MTE==2, ID_AA64PFR1_EL1.MTE_frac==0
: indicates that MTE_ASYNC is supported. On a host with
: ID_AA64PFR1_EL1.MTE==2 but without MTE_ASYNC support a guest with the
: MTE capability enabled will incorrectly see MTE_ASYNC advertised as
: supported. This series fixes that."
: .
KVM: selftests: Confirm exposing MTE_frac does not break migration
KVM: arm64: Make MTE_frac masking conditional on MTE capability
arm64/sysreg: Expose MTE_frac so that it is visible to KVM
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
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* kvm-arm64/ubsan-el2:
: .
: Add UBSAN support to the EL2 portion of KVM, reusing most of the
: existing logic provided by CONFIG_IBSAN_TRAP.
:
: Patches courtesy of Mostafa Saleh.
: .
KVM: arm64: Handle UBSAN faults
KVM: arm64: Introduce CONFIG_UBSAN_KVM_EL2
ubsan: Remove regs from report_ubsan_failure()
arm64: Introduce esr_is_ubsan_brk()
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
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* Rename constants to their standard PE names:
- MZ_MAGIC -> IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE
- PE_MAGIC -> IMAGE_NT_SIGNATURE
- PE_OPT_MAGIC_PE32_ROM -> IMAGE_ROM_OPTIONAL_HDR_MAGIC
- PE_OPT_MAGIC_PE32 -> IMAGE_NT_OPTIONAL_HDR32_MAGIC
- PE_OPT_MAGIC_PE32PLUS -> IMAGE_NT_OPTIONAL_HDR64_MAGIC
- IMAGE_DLL_CHARACTERISTICS_NX_COMPAT -> IMAGE_DLLCHARACTERISTICS_NX_COMPAT
* Import constants and their description from readpe and file projects
which contains current up-to-date information:
- IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_*
- IMAGE_FILE_*
- IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_*
- IMAGE_DLLCHARACTERISTICS_*
- IMAGE_DLLCHARACTERISTICS_EX_*
- IMAGE_DEBUG_TYPE_*
* Add missing IMAGE_SCN_* constants and update their incorrect description
* Fix incorrect value of IMAGE_SCN_MEM_PURGEABLE constant
* Add description for win32_version and loader_flags PE fields
Signed-off-by: Pali Rohár <pali@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
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* kvm-arm64/pkvm-selftest-6.16:
: .
: pKVM selftests covering the memory ownership transitions by
: Quentin Perret. From the initial cover letter:
:
: "We have recently found a bug [1] in the pKVM memory ownership
: transitions by code inspection, but it could have been caught with a
: test.
:
: Introduce a boot-time selftest exercising all the known pKVM memory
: transitions and importantly checks the rejection of illegal transitions.
:
: The new test is hidden behind a new Kconfig option separate from
: CONFIG_EL2_NVHE_DEBUG on purpose as that has side effects on the
: transition checks ([1] doesn't reproduce with EL2 debug enabled).
:
: [1] https://lore.kernel.org/kvmarm/20241128154406.602875-1-qperret@google.com/"
: .
KVM: arm64: Extend pKVM selftest for np-guests
KVM: arm64: Selftest for pKVM transitions
KVM: arm64: Don't WARN from __pkvm_host_share_guest()
KVM: arm64: Add .hyp.data section
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
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On AmpereOne AC04, updates to HCR_EL2 can rarely corrupt simultaneous
translations for data addresses initiated by load/store instructions.
Only instruction initiated translations are vulnerable, not translations
from prefetches for example. A DSB before the store to HCR_EL2 is
sufficient to prevent older instructions from hitting the window for
corruption, and an ISB after is sufficient to prevent younger
instructions from hitting the window for corruption.
Signed-off-by: D Scott Phillips <scott@os.amperecomputing.com>
Reviewed-by: Oliver Upton <oliver.upton@linux.dev>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250513184514.2678288-1-scott@os.amperecomputing.com
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
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BSS might be uninitialized when entering the startup code, so forbid the
use by the startup code of any variables that live after __bss_start in
the linker map.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Yeoreum Yun <yeoreum.yun@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Yeoreum Yun <yeoreum.yun@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250508114328.2460610-8-ardb+git@google.com
[will: Drop export of 'memstart_offset_seed', as this has been removed]
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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Accessing BSS will no longer be permitted from the startup code in
arch/arm64/kernel/pi, as some of it executes before BSS is cleared.
Clearing BSS earlier would involve managing cache coherency explicitly
in software, which is a hassle we prefer to avoid.
So move some variables that are assigned by the startup code out of BSS
and into .data.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Yeoreum Yun <yeoreum.yun@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Yeoreum Yun <yeoreum.yun@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250508114328.2460610-7-ardb+git@google.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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init_pgdir[] is only referenced from the startup code, but lives after
BSS in the linker map. Before tightening the rules about accessing BSS
from startup code, move init_pgdir[] into the __pi_ namespace, so it
does not need to be exported explicitly.
For symmetry, do the same with init_idmap_pgdir[], although it lives
before BSS.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Yeoreum Yun <yeoreum.yun@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Yeoreum Yun <yeoreum.yun@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250508114328.2460610-6-ardb+git@google.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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mov_q cannot really move PIE_E[0|1] macros into a general purpose register
as expected if those macro constants contain some 128 bit layout elements,
that are required for D128 page tables. The primary issue is that for D128,
PIE_E[0|1] are defined in terms of 128-bit types with shifting and masking,
which the assembler can't accommodate.
Instead pre-calculate these PIRE0_EL1/PIR_EL1 constants into asm-offsets.h
based PIE_E0_ASM/PIE_E1_ASM which can then be used in arch/arm64/mm/proc.S.
While here also drop PTE_MAYBE_NG/PTE_MAYBE_SHARED assembly overrides which
are not required any longer, as the compiler toolchains are smart enough to
compute both the PIE_[E0|E1]_ASM constants in all scenarios.
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250429050511.1663235-1-anshuman.khandual@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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KVM exposes the sanitised ID registers to guests. Currently these ignore
the ID_AA64PFR1_EL1.MTE_frac field, meaning guests always see a value of
zero.
This is a problem for platforms without the MTE_ASYNC feature where
ID_AA64PFR1_EL1.MTE==0x2 and ID_AA64PFR1_EL1.MTE_frac==0xf. KVM forces
MTE_frac to zero, meaning the guest believes MTE_ASYNC is supported, when
no async fault will ever occur.
Before KVM can fix this, the architecture needs to sanitise the ID
register field for MTE_frac.
Linux itself does not use MTE_frac field and just assumes MTE async faults
can be generated if MTE is supported.
Signed-off-by: Ben Horgan <ben.horgan@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250512114112.359087-2-ben.horgan@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
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Define ptdesc_t type which describes the basic page table descriptor
layout on arm64 platform. Subsequently all level specific pxxval_t
descriptors are derived from ptdesc_t thus establishing a common original
format, which can also be appropriate for page table entries, masks and
protection values etc which are used at all page table levels.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20250407053113.746295-4-anshuman.khandual@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Suggested-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Madhavan Srinivasan <maddy@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux
Pull arm64 cBPF BHB mitigation from James Morse:
"This adds the BHB mitigation into the code JITted for cBPF programs as
these can be loaded by unprivileged users via features like seccomp.
The existing mechanisms to disable the BHB mitigation will also
prevent the mitigation being JITted. In addition, cBPF programs loaded
by processes with the SYS_ADMIN capability are not mitigated as these
could equally load an eBPF program that does the same thing.
For good measure, the list of 'k' values for CPU's local mitigations
is updated from the version on arm's website"
* tag 'arm64_cbpf_mitigation_2025_05_08' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux:
arm64: proton-pack: Add new CPUs 'k' values for branch mitigation
arm64: bpf: Only mitigate cBPF programs loaded by unprivileged users
arm64: bpf: Add BHB mitigation to the epilogue for cBPF programs
arm64: proton-pack: Expose whether the branchy loop k value
arm64: proton-pack: Expose whether the platform is mitigated by firmware
arm64: insn: Add support for encoding DSB
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux
Pull arm64 fix from Catalin Marinas:
"Move the arm64_use_ng_mappings variable from the .bss to the .data
section as it is accessed very early during boot with the MMU off and
before the .bss has been initialised.
This could lead to incorrect idmap page table"
* tag 'arm64-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux:
arm64: cpufeature: Move arm64_use_ng_mappings to the .data section to prevent wrong idmap generation
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Currently, when ARM64 displays CPU information, every call to c_show()
assembles all CPU information. However, as the number of CPUs increases,
this can lead to insufficient buffer space due to excessive assembly in
a single call, causing repeated expansion and multiple calls to c_show().
To prevent this invalid c_show() call, only one CPU's information is
assembled each time c_show() is called.
Signed-off-by: Ye Bin <yebin10@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250421062947.4072855-1-yebin@huaweicloud.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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Because the kernel can't tolerate page faults for kernel mappings, when
setting a valid, kernel space pte (or pmd/pud/p4d/pgd), it emits a
dsb(ishst) to ensure that the store to the pgtable is observed by the
table walker immediately. Additionally it emits an isb() to ensure that
any already speculatively determined invalid mapping fault gets
canceled.
We can improve the performance of vmalloc operations by batching these
barriers until the end of a set of entry updates.
arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode() and arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode() provide the
required hooks.
vmalloc improves by up to 30% as a result.
Two new TIF_ flags are created; TIF_LAZY_MMU tells us if the task is in
the lazy mode and can therefore defer any barriers until exit from the
lazy mode. TIF_LAZY_MMU_PENDING is used to remember if any pte operation
was performed while in the lazy mode that required barriers. Then when
leaving lazy mode, if that flag is set, we emit the barriers.
Since arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode() and arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode() are used
for both user and kernel mappings, we need the second flag to avoid
emitting barriers unnecessarily if only user mappings were updated.
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Tested-by: Luiz Capitulino <luizcap@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250422081822.1836315-12-ryan.roberts@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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Update the list of 'k' values for the branch mitigation from arm's
website.
Add the values for Cortex-X1C. The MIDR_EL1 value can be found here:
https://developer.arm.com/documentation/101968/0002/Register-descriptions/AArch>
Link: https://developer.arm.com/documentation/110280/2-0/?lang=en
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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