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One major use case of linked commands is the ability to run the next
link inline, if at all possible. This is done correctly for async
offload, but somewhere along the line we lost the ability to do so when
we were able to complete a request without having to punt it. Ensure
that we do so correctly.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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This essentially reverts commit e944475e6984. For high poll ops
workloads, like TAO, the dynamic allocation of the wait_queue
entry for IORING_OP_POLL_ADD adds considerable extra overhead.
Go back to embedding the wait_queue_entry, but keep the usage of
wait->private for the pointer stashing.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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Don't just assign it from the main call path, that can miss the case
when we're called from issue deferral.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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We use the mutex to guard against registered file updates, for instance.
Ensure we're safe in accessing that state against concurrent updates.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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To avoid going to sleep only to get woken shortly thereafter, spin
briefly for new work upon completion of work.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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We only have one cases of using the waitqueue to wake the worker, the
rest are using wake_up_process(). Since we can save some cycles not
fiddling with the waitqueue io_wqe_worker(), switch the work activation
to task wakeup and get rid of the now unused wait_queue_head_t in
struct io_worker.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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Some commands will invariably end in a failure in the sense that the
completion result will be less than zero. One such example is timeouts
that don't have a completion count set, they will always complete with
-ETIME unless cancelled.
For linked commands, we sever links and fail the rest of the chain if
the result is less than zero. Since we have commands where we know that
will happen, add IOSQE_IO_HARDLINK as a stronger link that doesn't sever
regardless of the completion result. Note that the link will still sever
if we fail submitting the parent request, hard links are only resilient
in the presence of completion results for requests that did submit
correctly.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v5.4
Reviewed-by: Pavel Begunkov <asml.silence@gmail.com>
Reported-by: 李通洲 <carter.li@eoitek.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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In ovl_rename(), if new upper is hardlinked to old upper underneath
overlayfs before upper dirs are locked, user will get an ESTALE error
and a WARN_ON will be printed.
Changes to underlying layers while overlayfs is mounted may result in
unexpected behavior, but it shouldn't crash the kernel and it shouldn't
trigger WARN_ON() either, so relax this WARN_ON().
Reported-by: syzbot+bb1836a212e69f8e201a@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Fixes: 804032fabb3b ("ovl: don't check rename to self")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.9+
Signed-off-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
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On non-samefs overlay without xino, non pure upper inodes should use a
pseudo_dev assigned to each unique lower fs and pure upper inodes use the
real upper st_dev.
It is fine for an overlay pure upper inode to use the same st_dev;st_ino
values as the real upper inode, because the content of those two different
filesystem objects is always the same.
In this case, however:
- two filesystems, A and B
- upper layer is on A
- lower layer 1 is also on A
- lower layer 2 is on B
Non pure upper overlay inode, whose origin is in layer 1 will have the same
st_dev;st_ino values as the real lower inode. This may result with a false
positive results of 'diff' between the real lower and copied up overlay
inode.
Fix this by using the upper st_dev;st_ino values in this case. This breaks
the property of constant st_dev;st_ino across copy up of this case. This
breakage will be fixed by a later patch.
Fixes: 5148626b806a ("ovl: allocate anon bdev per unique lower fs")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.17+
Signed-off-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
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We can allocate maximum fh size and encode into it directly.
Suggested-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
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Seprate on-disk encoding from in-memory and on-wire resresentation
of overlay file handle.
In-memory and on-wire we only ever pass around pointers to struct
ovl_fh, which encapsulates at offset 3 the on-disk format struct
ovl_fb. struct ovl_fb encapsulates at offset 21 the real file handle.
That makes sure that the real file handle is always 32bit aligned
in-memory when passed down to the underlying filesystem.
On-disk format remains the same and store/load are done into
correctly aligned buffer.
New nfs exported file handles are exported with aligned real fid.
Old nfs file handles are copied to an aligned buffer before being
decoded.
Reported-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
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In the past, overlayfs required that lower fs have non null uuid in
order to support nfs export and decode copy up origin file handles.
Commit 9df085f3c9a2 ("ovl: relax requirement for non null uuid of
lower fs") relaxed this requirement for nfs export support, as long
as uuid (even if null) is unique among all lower fs.
However, said commit unintentionally also relaxed the non null uuid
requirement for decoding copy up origin file handles, regardless of
the unique uuid requirement.
Amend this mistake by disabling decoding of copy up origin file handle
from lower fs with a conflicting uuid.
We still encode copy up origin file handles from those fs, because
file handles like those already exist in the wild and because they
might provide useful information in the future.
There is an unhandled corner case described by Miklos this way:
- two filesystems, A and B, both have null uuid
- upper layer is on A
- lower layer 1 is also on A
- lower layer 2 is on B
In this case bad_uuid won't be set for B, because the check only
involves the list of lower fs. Hence we'll try to decode a layer 2
origin on layer 1 and fail.
We will deal with this corner case later.
Reported-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Tested-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20191106234301.283006-1-colin.king@canonical.com/
Fixes: 9df085f3c9a2 ("ovl: relax requirement for non null uuid ...")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.20+
Signed-off-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
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Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Fix refcount underflow warning when unmounting to servers which didn't grant
directory leases.
[ 301.680095] refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.
[ 301.680192] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 3569 at lib/refcount.c:28
refcount_warn_saturate+0xb4/0xf3
...
[ 301.682139] Call Trace:
[ 301.682240] close_shroot+0x97/0xda [cifs]
[ 301.682351] SMB2_tdis+0x7c/0x176 [cifs]
[ 301.682456] ? _get_xid+0x58/0x91 [cifs]
[ 301.682563] cifs_put_tcon.part.0+0x99/0x202 [cifs]
[ 301.682637] ? ida_free+0x99/0x10a
[ 301.682727] ? cifs_umount+0x3d/0x9d [cifs]
[ 301.682829] cifs_put_tlink+0x3a/0x50 [cifs]
[ 301.682929] cifs_umount+0x44/0x9d [cifs]
Fixes: 72e73c78c446 ("cifs: close the shared root handle on tree disconnect")
Signed-off-by: Steve French <stfrench@microsoft.com>
Acked-by: Ronnie Sahlberg <lsahlber@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Aurelien Aptel <aaptel@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Pavel Shilovsky <pshilov@microsoft.com>
Reported-and-tested-by: Arthur Marsh <arthur.marsh@internode.on.net>
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The previous preallocation and DIO decision like below.
allow_outplace_dio !allow_outplace_dio
f2fs_force_buffered_io (*) No_Prealloc / Buffered_IO Prealloc / Buffered_IO
!f2fs_force_buffered_io No_Prealloc / DIO Prealloc / DIO
But, Javier reported Case (*) where zoned device bypassed preallocation but
fell back to buffered writes in f2fs_direct_IO(), resulting in stale data
being read.
In order to fix the issue, actually we need to preallocate blocks whenever
we fall back to buffered IO like this. No change is made in the other cases.
allow_outplace_dio !allow_outplace_dio
f2fs_force_buffered_io (*) Prealloc / Buffered_IO Prealloc / Buffered_IO
!f2fs_force_buffered_io No_Prealloc / DIO Prealloc / DIO
Reported-and-tested-by: Javier Gonzalez <javier@javigon.com>
Signed-off-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@wdc.com>
Tested-by: Shin'ichiro Kawasaki <shinichiro.kawasaki@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Javier González <javier@javigon.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
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Show the laggy state.
Signed-off-by: Xiubo Li <xiubli@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
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__ceph_is_any_caps is a duplicate helper.
Signed-off-by: Xiubo Li <xiubli@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
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The nr in ceph_reclaim_caps_nr() is very possibly larger than 1,
so we may miss it and the reclaim work couldn't triggered as expected.
Signed-off-by: Xiubo Li <xiubli@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
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Add some visibility of tasks that are waiting for caps to the "caps"
debugfs file. Display the tgid of the waiting task, inode number, and
the caps the task needs and wants.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
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Most of these values should never be negative, so convert them to
unsigned values. Add some sanity checking to the parsed values, and
clean up some unneeded casts.
Note that while caps_max should never be negative, this patch leaves
it signed, since this value ends up later being compared to a signed
counter. Just ensure that userland never passes in a negative value
for caps_max.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
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Replace all the occurrences of FIELD_SIZEOF() with sizeof_field() except
at places where these are defined. Later patches will remove the unused
definition of FIELD_SIZEOF().
This patch is generated using following script:
EXCLUDE_FILES="include/linux/stddef.h|include/linux/kernel.h"
git grep -l -e "\bFIELD_SIZEOF\b" | while read file;
do
if [[ "$file" =~ $EXCLUDE_FILES ]]; then
continue
fi
sed -i -e 's/\bFIELD_SIZEOF\b/sizeof_field/g' $file;
done
Signed-off-by: Pankaj Bharadiya <pankaj.laxminarayan.bharadiya@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20190924105839.110713-3-pankaj.laxminarayan.bharadiya@intel.com
Co-developed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net> # for net
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Fixes the issue caused by the fact that in C in the expression
of the form -1234L only 1234L is the actual literal, the unary
minus is an operation applied to the literal. Which means that
to express the lower bound for the type one has to negate the
upper bound and subtract 1.
Original error:
Expected test_data[i].expected.tv_sec == timestamp.tv_sec, but
test_data[i].expected.tv_sec == -2147483648
timestamp.tv_sec == 2147483648
1901-12-13 Lower bound of 32bit < 0 timestamp, no extra bits: msb:1
lower_bound:1 extra_bits: 0
Expected test_data[i].expected.tv_sec == timestamp.tv_sec, but
test_data[i].expected.tv_sec == 2147483648
timestamp.tv_sec == 6442450944
2038-01-19 Lower bound of 32bit <0 timestamp, lo extra sec bit on:
msb:1 lower_bound:1 extra_bits: 1
Expected test_data[i].expected.tv_sec == timestamp.tv_sec, but
test_data[i].expected.tv_sec == 6442450944
timestamp.tv_sec == 10737418240
2174-02-25 Lower bound of 32bit <0 timestamp, hi extra sec bit on:
msb:1 lower_bound:1 extra_bits: 2
not ok 1 - inode_test_xtimestamp_decoding
not ok 1 - ext4_inode_test
Reported-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Iurii Zaikin <yzaikin@google.com>
Tested-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Acked-by: Brendan Higgins <brendanhiggins@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org>
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Because the BLAKE2B code went through a different tree, it was not
available at the time the btrfs part was merged. Now that the Kconfig
symbol exists, add it to the list.
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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With cross-server COPY we've introduced the possibility that the current
or saved filehandle might not have fh_dentry/fh_export filled in, but we
missed a place that assumed it was. I think this could be triggered by
a compound like:
PUTFH(foreign filehandle)
GETATTR
SAVEFH
COPY
First, check_if_stalefh_allowed sets no_verify on the first (PUTFH) op.
Then op_func = nfsd4_putfh runs and leaves current_fh->fh_export NULL.
need_wrongsec_check returns true, since this PUTFH has OP_IS_PUTFH_LIKE
set and GETATTR does not have OP_HANDLES_WRONGSEC set.
We should probably also consider tightening the checks in
check_if_stalefh_allowed and double-checking that we don't assume the
filehandle is verified elsewhere in the compound. But I think this
fixes the immediate issue.
Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Fixes: 4e48f1cccab3 "NFSD: allow inter server COPY to have... "
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
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Static checker revealed possible error path leading to possible
NULL pointer dereferencing.
Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Fixes: e0639dc5805a: ("NFSD introduce async copy feature")
Signed-off-by: Olga Kornievskaia <kolga@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
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There is mismatch between __be32 and u32 in nfserr and errno.
Reported-by: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Fixes: d5e54eeb0e3d ("NFSD add nfs4 inter ssc to nfsd4_copy")
Signed-off-by: Olga Kornievskaia <kolga@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
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s_stid->si_generation is a u32, copy->stateid.seqid is a __be32, so we
should be byte-swapping here if necessary.
This effectively undoes the byte-swap performed when reading
s_stid->s_generation in nfsd4_decode_copy(). Without this second swap,
the stateid we sent to the source in READ could be different from the
one the client provided us in the COPY. We didn't spot this in testing
since our implementation always uses a 0 in the seqid field. But other
implementations might not do that.
You'd think we should just skip the byte-swapping entirely, but the
s_stid field can be used for either our own stateids (in the
intra-server case) or foreign stateids (in the inter-server case), and
the former are interpreted by us and need byte-swapping.
Reported-by: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Fixes: d5e54eeb0e3d ("NFSD add nfs4 inter ssc to nfsd4_copy")
Signed-off-by: Olga Kornievskaia <kolga@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
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Fix __be32 and u32 mismatch in return and assignment.
Reported-by: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Fixes: dbd4c2dd8f13 ("NFSD add COPY_NOTIFY operation")
Signed-off-by: Olga Kornievskaia <kolga@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
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We are holding the "nn->s2s_cp_lock" so we can't return directly
without unlocking first.
Fixes: f3dee17721a0 ("NFSD check stateids against copy stateids")
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
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Given a universal address, mount the source server from the destination
server. Use an internal mount. Call the NFS client nfs42_ssc_open to
obtain the NFS struct file suitable for nfsd_copy_range.
Ability to do "inter" server-to-server depends on the an nfsd kernel
parameter "inter_copy_offload_enable".
Signed-off-by: Olga Kornievskaia <kolga@netapp.com>
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The inter server to server COPY source server filehandle
is a foreign filehandle as the COPY is sent to the destination
server.
Signed-off-by: Olga Kornievskaia <kolga@netapp.com>
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Allow for sid_flag field non-stateid use.
Signed-off-by: Andy Adamson <andros@netapp.com>
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Incoming stateid (used by a READ) could be a saved copy stateid.
Using the provided stateid, look it up in the list of copy_notify
stateids. If found, use the parent's stateid and parent's clid
to look up the parent's stid to do the appropriate checks.
Update the copy notify timestamp (cpntf_time) with current time
this making it 'active' so that laundromat thread will not delete
copy notify state.
Signed-off-by: Olga Kornievskaia <kolga@netapp.com>
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Introducing the COPY_NOTIFY operation.
Create a new unique stateid that will keep track of the copy
state and the upcoming READs that will use that stateid.
Each associated parent stateid has a list of copy
notify stateids. A copy notify structure makes a copy of
the parent stateid and a clientid and will use it to look
up the parent stateid during the READ request (suggested
by Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>).
At nfs4_put_stid() time, we walk the list of the associated
copy notify stateids and delete them.
Laundromat thread will traverse globally stored copy notify
stateid in idr and notice if any haven't been referenced in the
lease period, if so, it'll remove them.
Return single netaddr to advertise to the copy.
Suggested-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Olga Kornievskaia <kolga@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andy Adamson <andros@netapp.com>
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Signed-off-by: Olga Kornievskaia <kolga@netapp.com>
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Decode the ca_source_server list that's sent but only use the
first one. Presence of non-zero list indicates an "inter" copy.
Signed-off-by: Andy Adamson <andros@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Olga Kornievskaia <kolga@netapp.com>
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nfs.4 defines nfs42_netaddr structure that represents netloc4.
Populate needed fields from the sockaddr structure.
This will be used by flexfiles and 4.2 inter copy
Signed-off-by: Olga Kornievskaia <kolga@netapp.com>
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Make the AFS dynamic root superblock R/W so that SELinux can set the
security label on it. Without this, upgrades to, say, the Fedora
filesystem-afs RPM fail if afs is mounted on it because the SELinux label
can't be (re-)applied.
It might be better to make it possible to bypass the R/O check for LSM
label application through setxattr.
Fixes: 4d673da14533 ("afs: Support the AFS dynamic root")
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
cc: selinux@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-security-module@vger.kernel.org
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afs_find_server tries to find a server that has an address that
matches the transport address of an rxrpc peer. The code assumes
that the transport address is always ipv6, with ipv4 represented
as ipv4 mapped addresses, but that's not the case. If the transport
family is AF_INET, srx->transport.sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[] will
be beyond the actual ipv4 address and will always be 0, and all
ipv4 addresses will be seen as matching.
As a result, the first ipv4 address seen on any server will be
considered a match, and the server returned may be the wrong one.
One of the consequences is that callbacks received over ipv4 will
only be correctly applied for the server that happens to have the
first ipv4 address on the fs_addresses4 list. Callbacks over ipv4
from all other servers are dropped, causing the client to serve stale
data.
This is fixed by looking at the transport family, and comparing ipv4
addresses based on a sockaddr_in structure rather than a sockaddr_in6.
Fixes: d2ddc776a458 ("afs: Overhaul volume and server record caching and fileserver rotation")
Signed-off-by: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
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kernfs users are not going to have limited
range or granularity anyway.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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update_time() also has an internal function pointer
update_time. Even though this works correctly, it is
confusing to the readers.
Just use a regular if statement to call the generic
function or the function pointer.
Suggested-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Deepa Dinamani <deepa.kernel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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There are no more callers to the function remaining.
Signed-off-by: Deepa Dinamani <deepa.kernel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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DEFAULT_TIME_GRAN is seconds granularity. We can
just drop the nsec while creating the default root node.
Delete the unneeded call to timespec64_trunc().
Also update the ktime_get_* api to match the one used in
current_time(). This allows for the timestamps to be updated
by using the same ktime_get_* api always.
Signed-off-by: Deepa Dinamani <deepa.kernel@gmail.com>
Cc: richard@nod.at
Cc: linux-mtd@lists.infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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Since ceph always uses ns granularity, skip the
truncation which is a no-op.
Signed-off-by: Deepa Dinamani <deepa.kernel@gmail.com>
Cc: jlayton@kernel.org
Cc: ceph-devel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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timestamp_truncate() is the replacement api for
timespec64_trunc. timestamp_truncate() additionally clamps
timestamps to make sure the timestamps lie within the
permitted range for the filesystem.
Truncate the timestamps in the struct cifs_attr at the
site of assignment to inode times. This
helps us use the right fs api timestamp_trucate() to
perform the truncation.
Also update the ktime_get_* api to match the one used in
current_time(). This allows for timestamps to be updated
the same way always.
Signed-off-by: Deepa Dinamani <deepa.kernel@gmail.com>
Cc: stfrench@microsoft.com
Cc: linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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timespec64_trunc() is being deleted.
timestamp_truncate() is the replacement api for
timespec64_trunc. timestamp_truncate() additionally clamps
timestamps to make sure the timestamps lie within the
permitted range for the filesystem.
But, fat always truncates the times locally after it obtains
the timestamps from current_time().
Implement a local version here along the lines of existing
truncate functions.
Suggested-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Deepa Dinamani <deepa.kernel@gmail.com>
Cc: hirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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Push clamping timestamps into notify_change(), so in-kernel
callers like nfsd and overlayfs will get similar timestamp
set behavior as utimes.
AV: get rid of clamping in ->setattr() instances; we don't need
to bother with that there, with notify_change() doing normalization
in all cases now (it already did for implicit case, since current_time()
clamps).
Suggested-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Fixes: 42e729b9ddbb ("utimes: Clamp the timestamps before update")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v5.4
Cc: Deepa Dinamani <deepa.kernel@gmail.com>
Cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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Allow LOOKUP_BENEATH and LOOKUP_IN_ROOT to safely permit ".." resolution
(in the case of LOOKUP_BENEATH the resolution will still fail if ".."
resolution would resolve a path outside of the root -- while
LOOKUP_IN_ROOT will chroot(2)-style scope it). Magic-link jumps are
still disallowed entirely[*].
As Jann explains[1,2], the need for this patch (and the original no-".."
restriction) is explained by observing there is a fairly easy-to-exploit
race condition with chroot(2) (and thus by extension LOOKUP_IN_ROOT and
LOOKUP_BENEATH if ".." is allowed) where a rename(2) of a path can be
used to "skip over" nd->root and thus escape to the filesystem above
nd->root.
thread1 [attacker]:
for (;;)
renameat2(AT_FDCWD, "/a/b/c", AT_FDCWD, "/a/d", RENAME_EXCHANGE);
thread2 [victim]:
for (;;)
openat2(dirb, "b/c/../../etc/shadow",
{ .flags = O_PATH, .resolve = RESOLVE_IN_ROOT } );
With fairly significant regularity, thread2 will resolve to
"/etc/shadow" rather than "/a/b/etc/shadow". There is also a similar
(though somewhat more privileged) attack using MS_MOVE.
With this patch, such cases will be detected *during* ".." resolution
and will return -EAGAIN for userspace to decide to either retry or abort
the lookup. It should be noted that ".." is the weak point of chroot(2)
-- walking *into* a subdirectory tautologically cannot result in you
walking *outside* nd->root (except through a bind-mount or magic-link).
There is also no other way for a directory's parent to change (which is
the primary worry with ".." resolution here) other than a rename or
MS_MOVE.
The primary reason for deferring to userspace with -EAGAIN is that an
in-kernel retry loop (or doing a path_is_under() check after re-taking
the relevant seqlocks) can become unreasonably expensive on machines
with lots of VFS activity (nfsd can cause lots of rename_lock updates).
Thus it should be up to userspace how many times they wish to retry the
lookup -- the selftests for this attack indicate that there is a ~35%
chance of the lookup succeeding on the first try even with an attacker
thrashing rename_lock.
A variant of the above attack is included in the selftests for
openat2(2) later in this patch series. I've run this test on several
machines for several days and no instances of a breakout were detected.
While this is not concrete proof that this is safe, when combined with
the above argument it should lend some trustworthiness to this
construction.
[*] It may be acceptable in the future to do a path_is_under() check for
magic-links after they are resolved. However this seems unlikely to
be a feature that people *really* need -- it can be added later if
it turns out a lot of people want it.
[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAG48ez1jzNvxB+bfOBnERFGp=oMM0vHWuLD6EULmne3R6xa53w@mail.gmail.com/
[2]: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAG48ez30WJhbsro2HOc_DR7V91M+hNFzBP5ogRMZaxbAORvqzg@mail.gmail.com/
Cc: Christian Brauner <christian.brauner@ubuntu.com>
Suggested-by: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Aleksa Sarai <cyphar@cyphar.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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/* Background. */
Container runtimes or other administrative management processes will
often interact with root filesystems while in the host mount namespace,
because the cost of doing a chroot(2) on every operation is too
prohibitive (especially in Go, which cannot safely use vfork). However,
a malicious program can trick the management process into doing
operations on files outside of the root filesystem through careful
crafting of symlinks.
Most programs that need this feature have attempted to make this process
safe, by doing all of the path resolution in userspace (with symlinks
being scoped to the root of the malicious root filesystem).
Unfortunately, this method is prone to foot-guns and usually such
implementations have subtle security bugs.
Thus, what userspace needs is a way to resolve a path as though it were
in a chroot(2) -- with all absolute symlinks being resolved relative to
the dirfd root (and ".." components being stuck under the dirfd root).
It is much simpler and more straight-forward to provide this
functionality in-kernel (because it can be done far more cheaply and
correctly).
More classical applications that also have this problem (which have
their own potentially buggy userspace path sanitisation code) include
web servers, archive extraction tools, network file servers, and so on.
/* Userspace API. */
LOOKUP_IN_ROOT will be exposed to userspace through openat2(2).
/* Semantics. */
Unlike most other LOOKUP flags (most notably LOOKUP_FOLLOW),
LOOKUP_IN_ROOT applies to all components of the path.
With LOOKUP_IN_ROOT, any path component which attempts to cross the
starting point of the pathname lookup (the dirfd passed to openat) will
remain at the starting point. Thus, all absolute paths and symlinks will
be scoped within the starting point.
There is a slight change in behaviour regarding pathnames -- if the
pathname is absolute then the dirfd is still used as the root of
resolution of LOOKUP_IN_ROOT is specified (this is to avoid obvious
foot-guns, at the cost of a minor API inconsistency).
As with LOOKUP_BENEATH, Jann's security concern about ".."[1] applies to
LOOKUP_IN_ROOT -- therefore ".." resolution is blocked. This restriction
will be lifted in a future patch, but requires more work to ensure that
permitting ".." is done safely.
Magic-link jumps are also blocked, because they can beam the path lookup
across the starting point. It would be possible to detect and block
only the "bad" crossings with path_is_under() checks, but it's unclear
whether it makes sense to permit magic-links at all. However, userspace
is recommended to pass LOOKUP_NO_MAGICLINKS if they want to ensure that
magic-link crossing is entirely disabled.
/* Testing. */
LOOKUP_IN_ROOT is tested as part of the openat2(2) selftests.
[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAG48ez1jzNvxB+bfOBnERFGp=oMM0vHWuLD6EULmne3R6xa53w@mail.gmail.com/
Cc: Christian Brauner <christian.brauner@ubuntu.com>
Signed-off-by: Aleksa Sarai <cyphar@cyphar.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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/* Background. */
There are many circumstances when userspace wants to resolve a path and
ensure that it doesn't go outside of a particular root directory during
resolution. Obvious examples include archive extraction tools, as well as
other security-conscious userspace programs. FreeBSD spun out O_BENEATH
from their Capsicum project[1,2], so it also seems reasonable to
implement similar functionality for Linux.
This is part of a refresh of Al's AT_NO_JUMPS patchset[3] (which was a
variation on David Drysdale's O_BENEATH patchset[4], which in turn was
based on the Capsicum project[5]).
/* Userspace API. */
LOOKUP_BENEATH will be exposed to userspace through openat2(2).
/* Semantics. */
Unlike most other LOOKUP flags (most notably LOOKUP_FOLLOW),
LOOKUP_BENEATH applies to all components of the path.
With LOOKUP_BENEATH, any path component which attempts to "escape" the
starting point of the filesystem lookup (the dirfd passed to openat)
will yield -EXDEV. Thus, all absolute paths and symlinks are disallowed.
Due to a security concern brought up by Jann[6], any ".." path
components are also blocked. This restriction will be lifted in a future
patch, but requires more work to ensure that permitting ".." is done
safely.
Magic-link jumps are also blocked, because they can beam the path lookup
across the starting point. It would be possible to detect and block
only the "bad" crossings with path_is_under() checks, but it's unclear
whether it makes sense to permit magic-links at all. However, userspace
is recommended to pass LOOKUP_NO_MAGICLINKS if they want to ensure that
magic-link crossing is entirely disabled.
/* Testing. */
LOOKUP_BENEATH is tested as part of the openat2(2) selftests.
[1]: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D2808
[2]: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D17547
[3]: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20170429220414.GT29622@ZenIV.linux.org.uk/
[4]: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/1415094884-18349-1-git-send-email-drysdale@google.com/
[5]: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/1404124096-21445-1-git-send-email-drysdale@google.com/
[6]: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAG48ez1jzNvxB+bfOBnERFGp=oMM0vHWuLD6EULmne3R6xa53w@mail.gmail.com/
Cc: Christian Brauner <christian.brauner@ubuntu.com>
Suggested-by: David Drysdale <drysdale@google.com>
Suggested-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Suggested-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Aleksa Sarai <cyphar@cyphar.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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