// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only /* * Driver for the Infineon TLV493D Low-Power 3D Magnetic Sensor * * Copyright (C) 2025 Dixit Parmar */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include /* * TLV493D sensor I2C communication note: * * The sensor supports only direct byte-stream write starting from the * register address 0x0. So for any modification to be made to any write * registers, it must be written starting from the register address 0x0. * I2C write operation should not contain the register address in the I2C * frame, it should contain only raw byte stream for the write registers. * I2C Frame: |S|SlaveAddr Wr|Ack|Byte[0]|Ack|Byte[1]|Ack|.....|Sp| * * Same as the write operation, reading from the sensor registers is also * performed starting from the register address 0x0 for as many bytes as * need to be read. * I2C read operation should not contain the register address in the I2C frame. * I2C Frame: |S|SlaveAddr Rd|Ack|Byte[0]|Ack|Byte[1]|Ack|.....|Sp| */ #define TLV493D_RD_REG_BX 0x00 #define TLV493D_RD_REG_BY 0x01 #define TLV493D_RD_REG_BZ 0x02 #define TLV493D_RD_REG_TEMP 0x03 #define TLV493D_RD_REG_BX2 0x04 #define TLV493D_RD_REG_BZ2 0x05 #define TLV493D_RD_REG_TEMP2 0x06 #define TLV493D_RD_REG_RES1 0x07 #define TLV493D_RD_REG_RES2 0x08 #define TLV493D_RD_REG_RES3 0x09 #define TLV493D_RD_REG_MAX 0x0a #define TLV493D_WR_REG_MODE1 0x01 #define TLV493D_WR_REG_MODE2 0x03 #define TLV493D_WR_REG_MAX 0x04 #define TLV493D_BX_MAG_X_AXIS_MSB GENMASK(7, 0) #define TLV493D_BX2_MAG_X_AXIS_LSB GENMASK(7, 4) #define TLV493D_BY_MAG_Y_AXIS_MSB GENMASK(7, 0) #define TLV493D_BX2_MAG_Y_AXIS_LSB GENMASK(3, 0) #define TLV493D_BZ_MAG_Z_AXIS_MSB GENMASK(7, 0) #define TLV493D_BZ2_MAG_Z_AXIS_LSB GENMASK(3, 0) #define TLV493D_TEMP_TEMP_MSB GENMASK(7, 4) #define TLV493D_TEMP2_TEMP_LSB GENMASK(7, 0) #define TLV493D_TEMP_CHANNEL GENMASK(1, 0) #define TLV493D_MODE1_MOD_LOWFAST GENMASK(1, 0) #define TLV493D_MODE2_LP_PERIOD BIT(6) #define TLV493D_RD_REG_RES1_WR_MASK GENMASK(4, 3) #define TLV493D_RD_REG_RES2_WR_MASK GENMASK(7, 0) #define TLV493D_RD_REG_RES3_WR_MASK GENMASK(4, 0) enum tlv493d_channels { TLV493D_AXIS_X, TLV493D_AXIS_Y, TLV493D_AXIS_Z, TLV493D_TEMPERATURE, }; enum tlv493d_op_mode { TLV493D_OP_MODE_POWERDOWN, TLV493D_OP_MODE_FAST, TLV493D_OP_MODE_LOWPOWER, TLV493D_OP_MODE_ULTRA_LOWPOWER, TLV493D_OP_MODE_MASTERCONTROLLED, }; struct tlv493d_data { struct i2c_client *client; /* protects from simultaneous sensor access and register readings */ struct mutex lock; enum tlv493d_op_mode mode; u8 wr_regs[TLV493D_WR_REG_MAX]; }; /* * Different mode has different measurement sampling time, this time is * used in deriving the sleep and timeout while reading the data from * sensor in polling. * Power-down mode: No measurement. * Fast mode: Freq:3.3 KHz. Measurement time:305 usec. * Low-power mode: Freq:100 Hz. Measurement time:10 msec. * Ultra low-power mode: Freq:10 Hz. Measurement time:100 msec. * Master controlled mode: Freq:3.3 Khz. Measurement time:305 usec. */ static const u32 tlv493d_sample_rate_us[] = { [TLV493D_OP_MODE_POWERDOWN] = 0, [TLV493D_OP_MODE_FAST] = 305, [TLV493D_OP_MODE_LOWPOWER] = 10 * USEC_PER_MSEC, [TLV493D_OP_MODE_ULTRA_LOWPOWER] = 100 * USEC_PER_MSEC, [TLV493D_OP_MODE_MASTERCONTROLLED] = 305, }; static int tlv493d_write_all_regs(struct tlv493d_data *data) { int ret; struct device *dev = &data->client->dev; ret = i2c_master_send(data->client, data->wr_regs, ARRAY_SIZE(data->wr_regs)); if (ret < 0) { dev_err(dev, "i2c write registers failed, error: %d\n", ret); return ret; } return 0; } static int tlv493d_set_operating_mode(struct tlv493d_data *data, enum tlv493d_op_mode mode) { u8 *mode1_cfg = &data->wr_regs[TLV493D_WR_REG_MODE1]; u8 *mode2_cfg = &data->wr_regs[TLV493D_WR_REG_MODE2]; switch (mode) { case TLV493D_OP_MODE_POWERDOWN: FIELD_MODIFY(TLV493D_MODE1_MOD_LOWFAST, mode1_cfg, 0); FIELD_MODIFY(TLV493D_MODE2_LP_PERIOD, mode2_cfg, 0); break; case TLV493D_OP_MODE_FAST: FIELD_MODIFY(TLV493D_MODE1_MOD_LOWFAST, mode1_cfg, 1); FIELD_MODIFY(TLV493D_MODE2_LP_PERIOD, mode2_cfg, 0); break; case TLV493D_OP_MODE_LOWPOWER: FIELD_MODIFY(TLV493D_MODE1_MOD_LOWFAST, mode1_cfg, 2); FIELD_MODIFY(TLV493D_MODE2_LP_PERIOD, mode2_cfg, 1); break; case TLV493D_OP_MODE_ULTRA_LOWPOWER: FIELD_MODIFY(TLV493D_MODE1_MOD_LOWFAST, mode1_cfg, 2); FIELD_MODIFY(TLV493D_MODE2_LP_PERIOD, mode2_cfg, 0); break; case TLV493D_OP_MODE_MASTERCONTROLLED: FIELD_MODIFY(TLV493D_MODE1_MOD_LOWFAST, mode1_cfg, 3); FIELD_MODIFY(TLV493D_MODE2_LP_PERIOD, mode2_cfg, 0); break; } return tlv493d_write_all_regs(data); } static s16 tlv493d_get_channel_data(u8 *b, enum tlv493d_channels ch) { u16 val; switch (ch) { case TLV493D_AXIS_X: val = FIELD_GET(TLV493D_BX_MAG_X_AXIS_MSB, b[TLV493D_RD_REG_BX]) << 4 | FIELD_GET(TLV493D_BX2_MAG_X_AXIS_LSB, b[TLV493D_RD_REG_BX2]) >> 4; break; case TLV493D_AXIS_Y: val = FIELD_GET(TLV493D_BY_MAG_Y_AXIS_MSB, b[TLV493D_RD_REG_BY]) << 4 | FIELD_GET(TLV493D_BX2_MAG_Y_AXIS_LSB, b[TLV493D_RD_REG_BX2]); break; case TLV493D_AXIS_Z: val = FIELD_GET(TLV493D_BZ_MAG_Z_AXIS_MSB, b[TLV493D_RD_REG_BZ]) << 4 | FIELD_GET(TLV493D_BZ2_MAG_Z_AXIS_LSB, b[TLV493D_RD_REG_BZ2]); break; case TLV493D_TEMPERATURE: val = FIELD_GET(TLV493D_TEMP_TEMP_MSB, b[TLV493D_RD_REG_TEMP]) << 8 | FIELD_GET(TLV493D_TEMP2_TEMP_LSB, b[TLV493D_RD_REG_TEMP2]); break; } return sign_extend32(val, 11); } static int tlv493d_get_measurements(struct tlv493d_data *data, s16 *x, s16 *y, s16 *z, s16 *t) { u8 buff[7] = {}; int err, ret; struct device *dev = &data->client->dev; u32 sleep_us = tlv493d_sample_rate_us[data->mode]; guard(mutex)(&data->lock); ret = pm_runtime_resume_and_get(dev); if (ret < 0) return ret; /* * Poll until data is valid. * For a valid data TLV493D_TEMP_CHANNEL bit of TLV493D_RD_REG_TEMP * should be set to 0. The sampling time depends on the sensor mode. * Poll 3x the time of the sampling time. */ ret = read_poll_timeout(i2c_master_recv, err, err || !FIELD_GET(TLV493D_TEMP_CHANNEL, buff[TLV493D_RD_REG_TEMP]), sleep_us, 3 * sleep_us, false, data->client, buff, ARRAY_SIZE(buff)); if (ret) { dev_err(dev, "i2c read poll timeout, error:%d\n", ret); goto out_put_autosuspend; } if (err < 0) { dev_err(dev, "i2c read data failed, error:%d\n", err); ret = err; goto out_put_autosuspend; } *x = tlv493d_get_channel_data(buff, TLV493D_AXIS_X); *y = tlv493d_get_channel_data(buff, TLV493D_AXIS_Y); *z = tlv493d_get_channel_data(buff, TLV493D_AXIS_Z); *t = tlv493d_get_channel_data(buff, TLV493D_TEMPERATURE); out_put_autosuspend: pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(dev); return ret; } static int tlv493d_init(struct tlv493d_data *data) { int ret; u8 buff[TLV493D_RD_REG_MAX]; struct device *dev = &data->client->dev; /* * The sensor initialization requires below steps to be followed, * 1. Power-up sensor. * 2. Read and store read-registers map (0x0-0x9). * 3. Copy values from read reserved registers to write reserved fields * (0x0-0x3). * 4. Set operating mode. * 5. Write to all registers. */ ret = i2c_master_recv(data->client, buff, ARRAY_SIZE(buff)); if (ret < 0) return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "i2c read failed\n"); /* Write register 0x0 is reserved. Does not require to be updated.*/ data->wr_regs[0] = 0; data->wr_regs[1] = buff[TLV493D_RD_REG_RES1] & TLV493D_RD_REG_RES1_WR_MASK; data->wr_regs[2] = buff[TLV493D_RD_REG_RES2] & TLV493D_RD_REG_RES2_WR_MASK; data->wr_regs[3] = buff[TLV493D_RD_REG_RES3] & TLV493D_RD_REG_RES3_WR_MASK; ret = tlv493d_set_operating_mode(data, data->mode); if (ret < 0) return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "failed to set operating mode\n"); return 0; } static int tlv493d_read_raw(struct iio_dev *indio_dev, const struct iio_chan_spec *chan, int *val, int *val2, long mask) { struct tlv493d_data *data = iio_priv(indio_dev); s16 x, y, z, t; int ret; switch (mask) { case IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW: ret = tlv493d_get_measurements(data, &x, &y, &z, &t); if (ret) return ret; switch (chan->address) { case TLV493D_AXIS_X: *val = x; return IIO_VAL_INT; case TLV493D_AXIS_Y: *val = y; return IIO_VAL_INT; case TLV493D_AXIS_Z: *val = z; return IIO_VAL_INT; case TLV493D_TEMPERATURE: *val = t; return IIO_VAL_INT; default: return -EINVAL; } case IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE: switch (chan->type) { case IIO_MAGN: /* * Magnetic field scale: 0.0098 mTesla (i.e. 9.8 µT) * Magnetic field in Gauss: mT * 10 = 0.098. */ *val = 98; *val2 = 1000; return IIO_VAL_FRACTIONAL; case IIO_TEMP: /* * Temperature scale: 1.1 °C per LSB, expressed as 1100 m°C * Returned as integer for IIO core to apply: * temp = (raw + offset) * scale */ *val = 1100; return IIO_VAL_INT; default: return -EINVAL; } case IIO_CHAN_INFO_OFFSET: switch (chan->type) { case IIO_TEMP: /* * Temperature offset includes sensor-specific raw offset * plus compensation for +25°C bias in formula. * offset = -raw_offset + (25000 / 1100) * -340 + 22.72 = -317.28 */ *val = -31728; *val2 = 100; return IIO_VAL_FRACTIONAL; default: return -EINVAL; } default: return -EINVAL; } } static irqreturn_t tlv493d_trigger_handler(int irq, void *ptr) { int ret; s16 x, y, z, t; struct iio_poll_func *pf = ptr; struct iio_dev *indio_dev = pf->indio_dev; struct tlv493d_data *data = iio_priv(indio_dev); struct device *dev = &data->client->dev; struct { s16 channels[3]; s16 temperature; aligned_s64 timestamp; } scan; ret = tlv493d_get_measurements(data, &x, &y, &z, &t); if (ret) { dev_err(dev, "failed to read sensor data\n"); goto out_trigger_notify; } scan.channels[0] = x; scan.channels[1] = y; scan.channels[2] = z; scan.temperature = t; iio_push_to_buffers_with_ts(indio_dev, &scan, sizeof(scan), pf->timestamp); out_trigger_notify: iio_trigger_notify_done(indio_dev->trig); return IRQ_HANDLED; } #define TLV493D_AXIS_CHANNEL(axis, index) \ { \ .type = IIO_MAGN, \ .modified = 1, \ .channel2 = IIO_MOD_##axis, \ .info_mask_separate = BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW) | \ BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE), \ .address = index, \ .scan_index = index, \ .scan_type = { \ .sign = 's', \ .realbits = 12, \ .storagebits = 16, \ .endianness = IIO_CPU, \ }, \ } static const struct iio_chan_spec tlv493d_channels[] = { TLV493D_AXIS_CHANNEL(X, TLV493D_AXIS_X), TLV493D_AXIS_CHANNEL(Y, TLV493D_AXIS_Y), TLV493D_AXIS_CHANNEL(Z, TLV493D_AXIS_Z), { .type = IIO_TEMP, .info_mask_separate = BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW) | BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE) | BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_OFFSET), .address = TLV493D_TEMPERATURE, .scan_index = TLV493D_TEMPERATURE, .scan_type = { .sign = 's', .realbits = 12, .storagebits = 16, .endianness = IIO_CPU, }, }, IIO_CHAN_SOFT_TIMESTAMP(4), }; static const struct iio_info tlv493d_info = { .read_raw = tlv493d_read_raw, }; static const unsigned long tlv493d_scan_masks[] = { GENMASK(3, 0), 0 }; static int tlv493d_probe(struct i2c_client *client) { struct device *dev = &client->dev; struct iio_dev *indio_dev; struct tlv493d_data *data; int ret; indio_dev = devm_iio_device_alloc(dev, sizeof(*data)); if (!indio_dev) return -ENOMEM; data = iio_priv(indio_dev); data->client = client; i2c_set_clientdata(client, indio_dev); ret = devm_mutex_init(dev, &data->lock); if (ret) return ret; ret = devm_regulator_get_enable(dev, "vdd"); if (ret) return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "failed to enable regulator\n"); /* * Setting Sensor default operating mode to Master-Controlled mode since * it performs measurement cycle only on-request and stays in Power-Down * state until next cycle is initiated. */ data->mode = TLV493D_OP_MODE_MASTERCONTROLLED; ret = tlv493d_init(data); if (ret) return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "failed to initialize\n"); indio_dev->info = &tlv493d_info; indio_dev->modes = INDIO_DIRECT_MODE; indio_dev->name = client->name; indio_dev->channels = tlv493d_channels; indio_dev->num_channels = ARRAY_SIZE(tlv493d_channels); indio_dev->available_scan_masks = tlv493d_scan_masks; ret = devm_iio_triggered_buffer_setup(dev, indio_dev, iio_pollfunc_store_time, tlv493d_trigger_handler, NULL); if (ret) return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "iio triggered buffer setup failed\n"); ret = pm_runtime_set_active(dev); if (ret) return ret; ret = devm_pm_runtime_enable(dev); if (ret) return ret; pm_runtime_get_noresume(dev); pm_runtime_set_autosuspend_delay(dev, 500); pm_runtime_use_autosuspend(dev); pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(dev); ret = devm_iio_device_register(dev, indio_dev); if (ret) return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "iio device register failed\n"); return 0; } static int tlv493d_runtime_suspend(struct device *dev) { struct tlv493d_data *data = iio_priv(dev_get_drvdata(dev)); return tlv493d_set_operating_mode(data, TLV493D_OP_MODE_POWERDOWN); } static int tlv493d_runtime_resume(struct device *dev) { struct tlv493d_data *data = iio_priv(dev_get_drvdata(dev)); return tlv493d_set_operating_mode(data, data->mode); } static DEFINE_RUNTIME_DEV_PM_OPS(tlv493d_pm_ops, tlv493d_runtime_suspend, tlv493d_runtime_resume, NULL); static const struct i2c_device_id tlv493d_id[] = { { "tlv493d" }, { } }; MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(i2c, tlv493d_id); static const struct of_device_id tlv493d_of_match[] = { { .compatible = "infineon,tlv493d-a1b6" }, { } }; MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, tlv493d_of_match); static struct i2c_driver tlv493d_driver = { .driver = { .name = "tlv493d", .of_match_table = tlv493d_of_match, .pm = pm_ptr(&tlv493d_pm_ops), }, .probe = tlv493d_probe, .id_table = tlv493d_id, }; module_i2c_driver(tlv493d_driver); MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Infineon TLV493D Low-Power 3D Magnetic Sensor"); MODULE_AUTHOR("Dixit Parmar ");