Merge tag 'hardening-v6.6-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux

Pull hardening updates from Kees Cook:
 "As has become normal, changes are scattered around the tree (either
  explicitly maintainer Acked or for trivial stuff that went ignored):

   - Carve out the new CONFIG_LIST_HARDENED as a more focused subset of
     CONFIG_DEBUG_LIST (Marco Elver)

   - Fix kallsyms lookup failure under Clang LTO (Yonghong Song)

   - Clarify documentation for CONFIG_UBSAN_TRAP (Jann Horn)

   - Flexible array member conversion not carried in other tree (Gustavo
     A. R. Silva)

   - Various strlcpy() and strncpy() removals not carried in other trees
     (Azeem Shaikh, Justin Stitt)

   - Convert nsproxy.count to refcount_t (Elena Reshetova)

   - Add handful of __counted_by annotations not carried in other trees,
     as well as an LKDTM test

   - Fix build failure with gcc-plugins on GCC 14+

   - Fix selftests to respect SKIP for signal-delivery tests

   - Fix CFI warning for paravirt callback prototype

   - Clarify documentation for seq_show_option_n() usage"

* tag 'hardening-v6.6-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux: (23 commits)
  LoadPin: Annotate struct dm_verity_loadpin_trusted_root_digest with __counted_by
  kallsyms: Change func signature for cleanup_symbol_name()
  kallsyms: Fix kallsyms_selftest failure
  nsproxy: Convert nsproxy.count to refcount_t
  integrity: Annotate struct ima_rule_opt_list with __counted_by
  lkdtm: Add FAM_BOUNDS test for __counted_by
  Compiler Attributes: counted_by: Adjust name and identifier expansion
  um: refactor deprecated strncpy to memcpy
  um: vector: refactor deprecated strncpy
  alpha: Replace one-element array with flexible-array member
  hardening: Move BUG_ON_DATA_CORRUPTION to hardening options
  list: Introduce CONFIG_LIST_HARDENED
  list_debug: Introduce inline wrappers for debug checks
  compiler_types: Introduce the Clang __preserve_most function attribute
  gcc-plugins: Rename last_stmt() for GCC 14+
  selftests/harness: Actually report SKIP for signal tests
  x86/paravirt: Fix tlb_remove_table function callback prototype warning
  EISA: Replace all non-returning strlcpy with strscpy
  perf: Replace strlcpy with strscpy
  um: Remove strlcpy declaration
  ...

31 files changed, 286 insertions, 123 deletions

diff --git a/arch/alpha/kernel/osf_sys.c b/arch/alpha/kernel/osf_sys.c
index d98701ee36c6..5db88b627439 100644
--- a/arch/alpha/kernel/osf_sys.c
+++ b/arch/alpha/kernel/osf_sys.c
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ struct osf_dirent {
 	unsigned int d_ino;
 	unsigned short d_reclen;
 	unsigned short d_namlen;
-	char d_name[1];
+	char d_name[];
 };
 
 struct osf_dirent_callback {
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/Makefile b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/Makefile
index 9ddc025e4b86..2250253a6429 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/Makefile
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/Makefile
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ hyp-obj-y := timer-sr.o sysreg-sr.o debug-sr.o switch.o tlb.o hyp-init.o host.o
 	 cache.o setup.o mm.o mem_protect.o sys_regs.o pkvm.o stacktrace.o ffa.o
 hyp-obj-y += ../vgic-v3-sr.o ../aarch32.o ../vgic-v2-cpuif-proxy.o ../entry.o \
 	 ../fpsimd.o ../hyp-entry.o ../exception.o ../pgtable.o
-hyp-obj-$(CONFIG_DEBUG_LIST) += list_debug.o
+hyp-obj-$(CONFIG_LIST_HARDENED) += list_debug.o
 hyp-obj-y += $(lib-objs)
 
 ##
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/list_debug.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/list_debug.c
index d68abd7ea124..46a2d4f2b3c6 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/list_debug.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/list_debug.c
@@ -26,8 +26,9 @@ static inline __must_check bool nvhe_check_data_corruption(bool v)
 
 /* The predicates checked here are taken from lib/list_debug.c. */
 
-bool __list_add_valid(struct list_head *new, struct list_head *prev,
-		      struct list_head *next)
+__list_valid_slowpath
+bool __list_add_valid_or_report(struct list_head *new, struct list_head *prev,
+				struct list_head *next)
 {
 	if (NVHE_CHECK_DATA_CORRUPTION(next->prev != prev) ||
 	    NVHE_CHECK_DATA_CORRUPTION(prev->next != next) ||
@@ -37,7 +38,8 @@ bool __list_add_valid(struct list_head *new, struct list_head *prev,
 	return true;
 }
 
-bool __list_del_entry_valid(struct list_head *entry)
+__list_valid_slowpath
+bool __list_del_entry_valid_or_report(struct list_head *entry)
 {
 	struct list_head *prev, *next;
 
diff --git a/arch/um/drivers/mconsole_kern.c b/arch/um/drivers/mconsole_kern.c
index 5026e7b9adfe..ff4bda95b9c7 100644
--- a/arch/um/drivers/mconsole_kern.c
+++ b/arch/um/drivers/mconsole_kern.c
@@ -554,7 +554,7 @@ struct mconsole_output {
 
 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(client_lock);
 static LIST_HEAD(clients);
-static char console_buf[MCONSOLE_MAX_DATA];
+static char console_buf[MCONSOLE_MAX_DATA] __nonstring;
 
 static void console_write(struct console *console, const char *string,
 			  unsigned int len)
@@ -567,7 +567,7 @@ static void console_write(struct console *console, const char *string,
 
 	while (len > 0) {
 		n = min((size_t) len, ARRAY_SIZE(console_buf));
-		strncpy(console_buf, string, n);
+		memcpy(console_buf, string, n);
 		string += n;
 		len -= n;
 
diff --git a/arch/um/drivers/vector_user.c b/arch/um/drivers/vector_user.c
index c650e428432b..c719e1ec4645 100644
--- a/arch/um/drivers/vector_user.c
+++ b/arch/um/drivers/vector_user.c
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ static int create_tap_fd(char *iface)
 	}
 	memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
 	ifr.ifr_flags = IFF_TAP | IFF_NO_PI | IFF_VNET_HDR;
-	strncpy((char *)&ifr.ifr_name, iface, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name) - 1);
+	strscpy(ifr.ifr_name, iface, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
 
 	err = ioctl(fd, TUNSETIFF, (void *) &ifr);
 	if (err != 0) {
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ static int create_raw_fd(char *iface, int flags, int proto)
 		goto raw_fd_cleanup;
 	}
 	memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
-	strncpy((char *)&ifr.ifr_name, iface, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name) - 1);
+	strscpy(ifr.ifr_name, iface, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
 	if (ioctl(fd, SIOCGIFINDEX, (void *) &ifr) < 0) {
 		err = -errno;
 		goto raw_fd_cleanup;
diff --git a/arch/um/include/shared/user.h b/arch/um/include/shared/user.h
index 0347a190429c..981e11d8e025 100644
--- a/arch/um/include/shared/user.h
+++ b/arch/um/include/shared/user.h
@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ static inline int printk(const char *fmt, ...)
 #endif
 
 extern int in_aton(char *str);
-extern size_t strlcpy(char *, const char *, size_t);
 extern size_t strlcat(char *, const char *, size_t);
 extern size_t strscpy(char *, const char *, size_t);
 
diff --git a/arch/um/os-Linux/umid.c b/arch/um/os-Linux/umid.c
index 7a1abb829930..288c422bfa96 100644
--- a/arch/um/os-Linux/umid.c
+++ b/arch/um/os-Linux/umid.c
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ static int __init make_uml_dir(void)
 				__func__);
 			goto err;
 		}
-		strlcpy(dir, home, sizeof(dir));
+		strscpy(dir, home, sizeof(dir));
 		uml_dir++;
 	}
 	strlcat(dir, uml_dir, sizeof(dir));
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ int __init set_umid(char *name)
 	if (strlen(name) > UMID_LEN - 1)
 		return -E2BIG;
 
-	strlcpy(umid, name, sizeof(umid));
+	strscpy(umid, name, sizeof(umid));
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ static int __init make_umid(void)
 	make_uml_dir();
 
 	if (*umid == '\0') {
-		strlcpy(tmp, uml_dir, sizeof(tmp));
+		strscpy(tmp, uml_dir, sizeof(tmp));
 		strlcat(tmp, "XXXXXX", sizeof(tmp));
 		fd = mkstemp(tmp);
 		if (fd < 0) {
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt.c b/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt.c
index ac10b46c5832..23d4d7114473 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt.c
@@ -79,6 +79,11 @@ void __init native_pv_lock_init(void)
 		static_branch_disable(&virt_spin_lock_key);
 }
 
+static void native_tlb_remove_table(struct mmu_gather *tlb, void *table)
+{
+	tlb_remove_page(tlb, table);
+}
+
 unsigned int paravirt_patch(u8 type, void *insn_buff, unsigned long addr,
 			    unsigned int len)
 {
@@ -295,8 +300,7 @@ struct paravirt_patch_template pv_ops = {
 	.mmu.flush_tlb_kernel	= native_flush_tlb_global,
 	.mmu.flush_tlb_one_user	= native_flush_tlb_one_user,
 	.mmu.flush_tlb_multi	= native_flush_tlb_multi,
-	.mmu.tlb_remove_table	=
-			(void (*)(struct mmu_gather *, void *))tlb_remove_page,
+	.mmu.tlb_remove_table	= native_tlb_remove_table,
 
 	.mmu.exit_mmap		= paravirt_nop,
 	.mmu.notify_page_enc_status_changed	= paravirt_nop,
diff --git a/drivers/eisa/eisa-bus.c b/drivers/eisa/eisa-bus.c
index 713582cc27d1..33f0ba11c6ad 100644
--- a/drivers/eisa/eisa-bus.c
+++ b/drivers/eisa/eisa-bus.c
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ static void __init eisa_name_device(struct eisa_device *edev)
 	int i;
 	for (i = 0; i < EISA_INFOS; i++) {
 		if (!strcmp(edev->id.sig, eisa_table[i].id.sig)) {
-			strlcpy(edev->pretty_name,
+			strscpy(edev->pretty_name,
 				eisa_table[i].name,
 				sizeof(edev->pretty_name));
 			return;
diff --git a/drivers/misc/lkdtm/bugs.c b/drivers/misc/lkdtm/bugs.c
index 3c95600ab2f7..c66cc05a68c4 100644
--- a/drivers/misc/lkdtm/bugs.c
+++ b/drivers/misc/lkdtm/bugs.c
@@ -273,8 +273,8 @@ static void lkdtm_HUNG_TASK(void)
 	schedule();
 }
 
-volatile unsigned int huge = INT_MAX - 2;
-volatile unsigned int ignored;
+static volatile unsigned int huge = INT_MAX - 2;
+static volatile unsigned int ignored;
 
 static void lkdtm_OVERFLOW_SIGNED(void)
 {
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ static void lkdtm_OVERFLOW_UNSIGNED(void)
 	ignored = value;
 }
 
-/* Intentionally using old-style flex array definition of 1 byte. */
+/* Intentionally using unannotated flex array definition. */
 struct array_bounds_flex_array {
 	int one;
 	int two;
@@ -357,6 +357,46 @@ static void lkdtm_ARRAY_BOUNDS(void)
 		pr_expected_config(CONFIG_UBSAN_BOUNDS);
 }
 
+struct lkdtm_annotated {
+	unsigned long flags;
+	int count;
+	int array[] __counted_by(count);
+};
+
+static volatile int fam_count = 4;
+
+static void lkdtm_FAM_BOUNDS(void)
+{
+	struct lkdtm_annotated *inst;
+
+	inst = kzalloc(struct_size(inst, array, fam_count + 1), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!inst) {
+		pr_err("FAIL: could not allocate test struct!\n");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	inst->count = fam_count;
+	pr_info("Array access within bounds ...\n");
+	inst->array[1] = fam_count;
+	ignored = inst->array[1];
+
+	pr_info("Array access beyond bounds ...\n");
+	inst->array[fam_count] = fam_count;
+	ignored = inst->array[fam_count];
+
+	kfree(inst);
+
+	pr_err("FAIL: survived access of invalid flexible array member index!\n");
+
+	if (!__has_attribute(__counted_by__))
+		pr_warn("This is expected since this %s was built a compiler supporting __counted_by\n",
+			lkdtm_kernel_info);
+	else if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_UBSAN_BOUNDS))
+		pr_expected_config(CONFIG_UBSAN_TRAP);
+	else
+		pr_expected_config(CONFIG_UBSAN_BOUNDS);
+}
+
 static void lkdtm_CORRUPT_LIST_ADD(void)
 {
 	/*
@@ -393,7 +433,7 @@ static void lkdtm_CORRUPT_LIST_ADD(void)
 		pr_err("Overwrite did not happen, but no BUG?!\n");
 	else {
 		pr_err("list_add() corruption not detected!\n");
-		pr_expected_config(CONFIG_DEBUG_LIST);
+		pr_expected_config(CONFIG_LIST_HARDENED);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -420,7 +460,7 @@ static void lkdtm_CORRUPT_LIST_DEL(void)
 		pr_err("Overwrite did not happen, but no BUG?!\n");
 	else {
 		pr_err("list_del() corruption not detected!\n");
-		pr_expected_config(CONFIG_DEBUG_LIST);
+		pr_expected_config(CONFIG_LIST_HARDENED);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -616,6 +656,7 @@ static struct crashtype crashtypes[] = {
 	CRASHTYPE(OVERFLOW_SIGNED),
 	CRASHTYPE(OVERFLOW_UNSIGNED),
 	CRASHTYPE(ARRAY_BOUNDS),
+	CRASHTYPE(FAM_BOUNDS),
 	CRASHTYPE(CORRUPT_LIST_ADD),
 	CRASHTYPE(CORRUPT_LIST_DEL),
 	CRASHTYPE(STACK_GUARD_PAGE_LEADING),
diff --git a/drivers/soc/fsl/qe/qe.c b/drivers/soc/fsl/qe/qe.c
index b3c226eb5292..58746e570d14 100644
--- a/drivers/soc/fsl/qe/qe.c
+++ b/drivers/soc/fsl/qe/qe.c
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ int qe_upload_firmware(const struct qe_firmware *firmware)
 	 * saved microcode information and put in the new.
 	 */
 	memset(&qe_firmware_info, 0, sizeof(qe_firmware_info));
-	strlcpy(qe_firmware_info.id, firmware->id, sizeof(qe_firmware_info.id));
+	strscpy(qe_firmware_info.id, firmware->id, sizeof(qe_firmware_info.id));
 	qe_firmware_info.extended_modes = be64_to_cpu(firmware->extended_modes);
 	memcpy(qe_firmware_info.vtraps, firmware->vtraps,
 		sizeof(firmware->vtraps));
@@ -599,7 +599,7 @@ struct qe_firmware_info *qe_get_firmware_info(void)
 	/* Copy the data into qe_firmware_info*/
 	sprop = of_get_property(fw, "id", NULL);
 	if (sprop)
-		strlcpy(qe_firmware_info.id, sprop,
+		strscpy(qe_firmware_info.id, sprop,
 			sizeof(qe_firmware_info.id));
 
 	of_property_read_u64(fw, "extended-modes",
diff --git a/include/linux/compiler_attributes.h b/include/linux/compiler_attributes.h
index 00efa35c350f..28566624f008 100644
--- a/include/linux/compiler_attributes.h
+++ b/include/linux/compiler_attributes.h
@@ -95,6 +95,19 @@
 #endif
 
 /*
+ * Optional: only supported since gcc >= 14
+ * Optional: only supported since clang >= 18
+ *
+ *   gcc: https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=108896
+ * clang: https://reviews.llvm.org/D148381
+ */
+#if __has_attribute(__counted_by__)
+# define __counted_by(member)		__attribute__((__counted_by__(member)))
+#else
+# define __counted_by(member)
+#endif
+
+/*
  * Optional: not supported by gcc
  * Optional: only supported since clang >= 14.0
  *
@@ -130,19 +143,6 @@
 #endif
 
 /*
- * Optional: only supported since gcc >= 14
- * Optional: only supported since clang >= 17
- *
- *   gcc: https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=108896
- * clang: https://reviews.llvm.org/D148381
- */
-#if __has_attribute(__element_count__)
-# define __counted_by(member)		__attribute__((__element_count__(#member)))
-#else
-# define __counted_by(member)
-#endif
-
-/*
  * Optional: only supported since clang >= 14.0
  *
  *   gcc: https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Common-Function-Attributes.html#index-error-function-attribute
diff --git a/include/linux/compiler_types.h b/include/linux/compiler_types.h
index 547ea1ff806e..c523c6683789 100644
--- a/include/linux/compiler_types.h
+++ b/include/linux/compiler_types.h
@@ -106,6 +106,34 @@ static inline void __chk_io_ptr(const volatile void __iomem *ptr) { }
 #define __cold
 #endif
 
+/*
+ * On x86-64 and arm64 targets, __preserve_most changes the calling convention
+ * of a function to make the code in the caller as unintrusive as possible. This
+ * convention behaves identically to the C calling convention on how arguments
+ * and return values are passed, but uses a different set of caller- and callee-
+ * saved registers.
+ *
+ * The purpose is to alleviates the burden of saving and recovering a large
+ * register set before and after the call in the caller.  This is beneficial for
+ * rarely taken slow paths, such as error-reporting functions that may be called
+ * from hot paths.
+ *
+ * Note: This may conflict with instrumentation inserted on function entry which
+ * does not use __preserve_most or equivalent convention (if in assembly). Since
+ * function tracing assumes the normal C calling convention, where the attribute
+ * is supported, __preserve_most implies notrace.  It is recommended to restrict
+ * use of the attribute to functions that should or already disable tracing.
+ *
+ * Optional: not supported by gcc.
+ *
+ * clang: https://clang.llvm.org/docs/AttributeReference.html#preserve-most
+ */
+#if __has_attribute(__preserve_most__) && (defined(CONFIG_X86_64) || defined(CONFIG_ARM64))
+# define __preserve_most notrace __attribute__((__preserve_most__))
+#else
+# define __preserve_most
+#endif
+
 /* Builtins */
 
 /*
diff --git a/include/linux/dm-verity-loadpin.h b/include/linux/dm-verity-loadpin.h
index 552b817ab102..3ac6dbaeaa37 100644
--- a/include/linux/dm-verity-loadpin.h
+++ b/include/linux/dm-verity-loadpin.h
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ extern struct list_head dm_verity_loadpin_trusted_root_digests;
 struct dm_verity_loadpin_trusted_root_digest {
 	struct list_head node;
 	unsigned int len;
-	u8 data[];
+	u8 data[] __counted_by(len);
 };
 
 #if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SECURITY_LOADPIN_VERITY)
diff --git a/include/linux/list.h b/include/linux/list.h
index f10344dbad4d..164b4d0e9d2a 100644
--- a/include/linux/list.h
+++ b/include/linux/list.h
@@ -38,11 +38,92 @@ static inline void INIT_LIST_HEAD(struct list_head *list)
 	WRITE_ONCE(list->prev, list);
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_LIST_HARDENED
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LIST
-extern bool __list_add_valid(struct list_head *new,
-			      struct list_head *prev,
-			      struct list_head *next);
-extern bool __list_del_entry_valid(struct list_head *entry);
+# define __list_valid_slowpath
+#else
+# define __list_valid_slowpath __cold __preserve_most
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Performs the full set of list corruption checks before __list_add().
+ * On list corruption reports a warning, and returns false.
+ */
+extern bool __list_valid_slowpath __list_add_valid_or_report(struct list_head *new,
+							     struct list_head *prev,
+							     struct list_head *next);
+
+/*
+ * Performs list corruption checks before __list_add(). Returns false if a
+ * corruption is detected, true otherwise.
+ *
+ * With CONFIG_LIST_HARDENED only, performs minimal list integrity checking
+ * inline to catch non-faulting corruptions, and only if a corruption is
+ * detected calls the reporting function __list_add_valid_or_report().
+ */
+static __always_inline bool __list_add_valid(struct list_head *new,
+					     struct list_head *prev,
+					     struct list_head *next)
+{
+	bool ret = true;
+
+	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_LIST)) {
+		/*
+		 * With the hardening version, elide checking if next and prev
+		 * are NULL, since the immediate dereference of them below would
+		 * result in a fault if NULL.
+		 *
+		 * With the reduced set of checks, we can afford to inline the
+		 * checks, which also gives the compiler a chance to elide some
+		 * of them completely if they can be proven at compile-time. If
+		 * one of the pre-conditions does not hold, the slow-path will
+		 * show a report which pre-condition failed.
+		 */
+		if (likely(next->prev == prev && prev->next == next && new != prev && new != next))
+			return true;
+		ret = false;
+	}
+
+	ret &= __list_add_valid_or_report(new, prev, next);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Performs the full set of list corruption checks before __list_del_entry().
+ * On list corruption reports a warning, and returns false.
+ */
+extern bool __list_valid_slowpath __list_del_entry_valid_or_report(struct list_head *entry);
+
+/*
+ * Performs list corruption checks before __list_del_entry(). Returns false if a
+ * corruption is detected, true otherwise.
+ *
+ * With CONFIG_LIST_HARDENED only, performs minimal list integrity checking
+ * inline to catch non-faulting corruptions, and only if a corruption is
+ * detected calls the reporting function __list_del_entry_valid_or_report().
+ */
+static __always_inline bool __list_del_entry_valid(struct list_head *entry)
+{
+	bool ret = true;
+
+	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_LIST)) {
+		struct list_head *prev = entry->prev;
+		struct list_head *next = entry->next;
+
+		/*
+		 * With the hardening version, elide checking if next and prev
+		 * are NULL, LIST_POISON1 or LIST_POISON2, since the immediate
+		 * dereference of them below would result in a fault.
+		 */
+		if (likely(prev->next == entry && next->prev == entry))
+			return true;
+		ret = false;
+	}
+
+	ret &= __list_del_entry_valid_or_report(entry);
+	return ret;
+}
 #else
 static inline bool __list_add_valid(struct list_head *new,
 				struct list_head *prev,
diff --git a/include/linux/nsproxy.h b/include/linux/nsproxy.h
index fee881cded01..771cb0285872 100644
--- a/include/linux/nsproxy.h
+++ b/include/linux/nsproxy.h
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ struct fs_struct;
  * nsproxy is copied.
  */
 struct nsproxy {
-	atomic_t count;
+	refcount_t count;
 	struct uts_namespace *uts_ns;
 	struct ipc_namespace *ipc_ns;
 	struct mnt_namespace *mnt_ns;
@@ -102,14 +102,13 @@ int __init nsproxy_cache_init(void);
 
 static inline void put_nsproxy(struct nsproxy *ns)
 {
-	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&ns->count)) {
+	if (refcount_dec_and_test(&ns->count))
 		free_nsproxy(ns);
-	}
 }
 
 static inline void get_nsproxy(struct nsproxy *ns)
 {
-	atomic_inc(&ns->count);
+	refcount_inc(&ns->count);
 }
 
 #endif
diff --git a/include/linux/seq_file.h b/include/linux/seq_file.h
index bd023dd38ae6..386ab580b839 100644
--- a/include/linux/seq_file.h
+++ b/include/linux/seq_file.h
@@ -249,18 +249,19 @@ static inline void seq_show_option(struct seq_file *m, const char *name,
 
 /**
  * seq_show_option_n - display mount options with appropriate escapes
- *		       where @value must be a specific length.
+ *		       where @value must be a specific length (i.e.
+ *		       not NUL-terminated).
  * @m: the seq_file handle
  * @name: the mount option name
  * @value: the mount option name's value, cannot be NULL
- * @length: the length of @value to display
+ * @length: the exact length of @value to display, must be constant expression
  *
  * This is a macro since this uses "length" to define the size of the
  * stack buffer.
  */
 #define seq_show_option_n(m, name, value, length) {	\
 	char val_buf[length + 1];			\
-	strncpy(val_buf, value, length);		\
+	memcpy(val_buf, value, length);			\
 	val_buf[length] = '\0';				\
 	seq_show_option(m, name, val_buf);		\
 }
diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/stddef.h b/include/uapi/linux/stddef.h
index 7837ba4fe728..7c3fc3980881 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/stddef.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/stddef.h
@@ -45,3 +45,7 @@
 		TYPE NAME[]; \
 	}
 #endif
+
+#ifndef __counted_by
+#define __counted_by(m)
+#endif
diff --git a/kernel/events/core.c b/kernel/events/core.c
index 78ae7b6f90fd..2554f5fc70dc 100644
--- a/kernel/events/core.c
+++ b/kernel/events/core.c
@@ -8249,7 +8249,7 @@ static void perf_event_comm_event(struct perf_comm_event *comm_event)
 	unsigned int size;
 
 	memset(comm, 0, sizeof(comm));
-	strlcpy(comm, comm_event->task->comm, sizeof(comm));
+	strscpy(comm, comm_event->task->comm, sizeof(comm));
 	size = ALIGN(strlen(comm)+1, sizeof(u64));
 
 	comm_event->comm = comm;
@@ -8704,7 +8704,7 @@ static void perf_event_mmap_event(struct perf_mmap_event *mmap_event)
 	}
 
 cpy_name:
-	strlcpy(tmp, name, sizeof(tmp));
+	strscpy(tmp, name, sizeof(tmp));
 	name = tmp;
 got_name:
 	/*
@@ -9128,7 +9128,7 @@ void perf_event_ksymbol(u16 ksym_type, u64 addr, u32 len, bool unregister,
 	    ksym_type == PERF_RECORD_KSYMBOL_TYPE_UNKNOWN)
 		goto err;
 
-	strlcpy(name, sym, KSYM_NAME_LEN);
+	strscpy(name, sym, KSYM_NAME_LEN);
 	name_len = strlen(name) + 1;
 	while (!IS_ALIGNED(name_len, sizeof(u64)))
 		name[name_len++] = '\0';
diff --git a/kernel/kallsyms.c b/kernel/kallsyms.c
index 016d997131d4..18edd57b5fe8 100644
--- a/kernel/kallsyms.c
+++ b/kernel/kallsyms.c
@@ -163,12 +163,12 @@ unsigned long kallsyms_sym_address(int idx)
 	return kallsyms_relative_base - 1 - kallsyms_offsets[idx];
 }
 
-static bool cleanup_symbol_name(char *s)
+static void cleanup_symbol_name(char *s)
 {
 	char *res;
 
 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_LTO_CLANG))
-		return false;
+		return;
 
 	/*
 	 * LLVM appends various suffixes for local functions and variables that
@@ -178,26 +178,21 @@ static bool cleanup_symbol_name(char *s)
 	 * - foo.llvm.[0-9a-f]+
 	 */
 	res = strstr(s, ".llvm.");
-	if (res) {
+	if (res)
 		*res = '\0';
-		return true;
-	}
 
-	return false;
+	return;
 }
 
 static int compare_symbol_name(const char *name, char *namebuf)
 {
-	int ret;
-
-	ret = strcmp(name, namebuf);
-	if (!ret)
-		return ret;
-
-	if (cleanup_symbol_name(namebuf) && !strcmp(name, namebuf))
-		return 0;
-
-	return ret;
+	/* The kallsyms_seqs_of_names is sorted based on names after
+	 * cleanup_symbol_name() (see scripts/kallsyms.c) if clang lto is enabled.
+	 * To ensure correct bisection in kallsyms_lookup_names(), do
+	 * cleanup_symbol_name(namebuf) before comparing name and namebuf.
+	 */
+	cleanup_symbol_name(namebuf);
+	return strcmp(name, namebuf);
 }
 
 static unsigned int get_symbol_seq(int index)
diff --git a/kernel/kallsyms_selftest.c b/kernel/kallsyms_selftest.c
index a2e3745d15c4..e05ddc33a752 100644
--- a/kernel/kallsyms_selftest.c
+++ b/kernel/kallsyms_selftest.c
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ static bool match_cleanup_name(const char *s, const char *name)
 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_LTO_CLANG))
 		return false;
 
-	p = strchr(s, '.');
+	p = strstr(s, ".llvm.");
 	if (!p)
 		return false;
 
@@ -344,27 +344,6 @@ static int test_kallsyms_basic_function(void)
 			goto failed;
 		}
 
-		/*
-		 * The first '.' may be the initial letter, in which case the
-		 * entire symbol name will be truncated to an empty string in
-		 * cleanup_symbol_name(). Do not test these symbols.
-		 *
-		 * For example:
-		 * cat /proc/kallsyms | awk '{print $3}' | grep -E "^\." | head
-		 * .E_read_words
-		 * .E_leading_bytes
-		 * .E_trailing_bytes
-		 * .E_write_words
-		 * .E_copy
-		 * .str.292.llvm.12122243386960820698
-		 * .str.24.llvm.12122243386960820698
-		 * .str.29.llvm.12122243386960820698
-		 * .str.75.llvm.12122243386960820698
-		 * .str.99.llvm.12122243386960820698
-		 */
-		if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_LTO_CLANG) && !namebuf[0])
-			continue;
-
 		lookup_addr = kallsyms_lookup_name(namebuf);
 
 		memset(stat, 0, sizeof(*stat));
diff --git a/kernel/nsproxy.c b/kernel/nsproxy.c
index 80d9c6d77a45..15781acaac1c 100644
--- a/kernel/nsproxy.c
+++ b/kernel/nsproxy.c
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 static struct kmem_cache *nsproxy_cachep;
 
 struct nsproxy init_nsproxy = {
-	.count			= ATOMIC_INIT(1),
+	.count			= REFCOUNT_INIT(1),
 	.uts_ns			= &init_uts_ns,
 #if defined(CONFIG_POSIX_MQUEUE) || defined(CONFIG_SYSVIPC)
 	.ipc_ns			= &init_ipc_ns,
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ static inline struct nsproxy *create_nsproxy(void)
 
 	nsproxy = kmem_cache_alloc(nsproxy_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (nsproxy)
-		atomic_set(&nsproxy->count, 1);
+		refcount_set(&nsproxy->count, 1);
 	return nsproxy;
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/Kconfig.debug b/lib/Kconfig.debug
index d6798513a8c2..73a0c8e41559 100644
--- a/lib/Kconfig.debug
+++ b/lib/Kconfig.debug
@@ -1673,10 +1673,15 @@ menu "Debug kernel data structures"
 
 config DEBUG_LIST
 	bool "Debug linked list manipulation"
-	depends on DEBUG_KERNEL || BUG_ON_DATA_CORRUPTION
+	depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+	select LIST_HARDENED
 	help
-	  Enable this to turn on extended checks in the linked-list
-	  walking routines.
+	  Enable this to turn on extended checks in the linked-list walking
+	  routines.
+
+	  This option trades better quality error reports for performance, and
+	  is more suitable for kernel debugging. If you care about performance,
+	  you should only enable CONFIG_LIST_HARDENED instead.
 
 	  If unsure, say N.
 
@@ -1710,16 +1715,6 @@ config DEBUG_NOTIFIERS
 	  This is a relatively cheap check but if you care about maximum
 	  performance, say N.
 
-config BUG_ON_DATA_CORRUPTION
-	bool "Trigger a BUG when data corruption is detected"
-	select DEBUG_LIST
-	help
-	  Select this option if the kernel should BUG when it encounters
-	  data corruption in kernel memory structures when they get checked
-	  for validity.
-
-	  If unsure, say N.
-
 config DEBUG_MAPLE_TREE
 	bool "Debug maple trees"
 	depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
diff --git a/lib/Kconfig.ubsan b/lib/Kconfig.ubsan
index efae7e011956..59e21bfec188 100644
--- a/lib/Kconfig.ubsan
+++ b/lib/Kconfig.ubsan
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ menuconfig UBSAN
 if UBSAN
 
 config UBSAN_TRAP
-	bool "On Sanitizer warnings, abort the running kernel code"
+	bool "Abort on Sanitizer warnings (smaller kernel but less verbose)"
 	depends on !COMPILE_TEST
 	help
 	  Building kernels with Sanitizer features enabled tends to grow
@@ -26,6 +26,14 @@ config UBSAN_TRAP
 	  the system. For some system builders this is an acceptable
 	  trade-off.
 
+	  Also note that selecting Y will cause your kernel to Oops
+	  with an "illegal instruction" error with no further details
+	  when a UBSAN violation occurs. (Except on arm64, which will
+	  report which Sanitizer failed.) This may make it hard to
+	  determine whether an Oops was caused by UBSAN or to figure
+	  out the details of a UBSAN violation. It makes the kernel log
+	  output less useful for bug reports.
+
 config CC_HAS_UBSAN_BOUNDS_STRICT
 	def_bool $(cc-option,-fsanitize=bounds-strict)
 	help
diff --git a/lib/Makefile b/lib/Makefile
index 1ffae65bb7ee..d1397785ec16 100644
--- a/lib/Makefile
+++ b/lib/Makefile
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_BTREE) += btree.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_INTERVAL_TREE) += interval_tree.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_ASSOCIATIVE_ARRAY) += assoc_array.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_DEBUG_PREEMPT) += smp_processor_id.o
-obj-$(CONFIG_DEBUG_LIST) += list_debug.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_LIST_HARDENED) += list_debug.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS) += debugobjects.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_BITREVERSE) += bitrev.o
diff --git a/lib/list_debug.c b/lib/list_debug.c
index d98d43f80958..db602417febf 100644
--- a/lib/list_debug.c
+++ b/lib/list_debug.c
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
  * Copyright 2006, Red Hat, Inc., Dave Jones
  * Released under the General Public License (GPL).
  *
- * This file contains the linked list validation for DEBUG_LIST.
+ * This file contains the linked list validation and error reporting for
+ * LIST_HARDENED and DEBUG_LIST.
  */
 
 #include <linux/export.h>
@@ -17,8 +18,9 @@
  * attempt).
  */
 
-bool __list_add_valid(struct list_head *new, struct list_head *prev,
-		      struct list_head *next)
+__list_valid_slowpath
+bool __list_add_valid_or_report(struct list_head *new, struct list_head *prev,
+				struct list_head *next)
 {
 	if (CHECK_DATA_CORRUPTION(prev == NULL,
 			"list_add corruption. prev is NULL.\n") ||
@@ -37,9 +39,10 @@ bool __list_add_valid(struct list_head *new, struct list_head *prev,
 
 	return true;
 }
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(__list_add_valid);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__list_add_valid_or_report);
 
-bool __list_del_entry_valid(struct list_head *entry)
+__list_valid_slowpath
+bool __list_del_entry_valid_or_report(struct list_head *entry)
 {
 	struct list_head *prev, *next;
 
@@ -65,6 +68,5 @@ bool __list_del_entry_valid(struct list_head *entry)
 		return false;
 
 	return true;
-
 }
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(__list_del_entry_valid);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__list_del_entry_valid_or_report);
diff --git a/scripts/gcc-plugins/gcc-common.h b/scripts/gcc-plugins/gcc-common.h
index 84c730da36dd..1ae39b9f4a95 100644
--- a/scripts/gcc-plugins/gcc-common.h
+++ b/scripts/gcc-plugins/gcc-common.h
@@ -440,4 +440,8 @@ static inline void debug_gimple_stmt(const_gimple s)
 #define SET_DECL_MODE(decl, mode)	DECL_MODE(decl) = (mode)
 #endif
 
+#if BUILDING_GCC_VERSION >= 14000
+#define last_stmt(x)			last_nondebug_stmt(x)
+#endif
+
 #endif
diff --git a/security/Kconfig.hardening b/security/Kconfig.hardening
index 0f295961e773..2cff851ebfd7 100644
--- a/security/Kconfig.hardening
+++ b/security/Kconfig.hardening
@@ -279,6 +279,29 @@ config ZERO_CALL_USED_REGS
 
 endmenu
 
+menu "Hardening of kernel data structures"
+
+config LIST_HARDENED
+	bool "Check integrity of linked list manipulation"
+	help
+	  Minimal integrity checking in the linked-list manipulation routines
+	  to catch memory corruptions that are not guaranteed to result in an
+	  immediate access fault.
+
+	  If unsure, say N.
+
+config BUG_ON_DATA_CORRUPTION
+	bool "Trigger a BUG when data corruption is detected"
+	select LIST_HARDENED
+	help
+	  Select this option if the kernel should BUG when it encounters
+	  data corruption in kernel memory structures when they get checked
+	  for validity.
+
+	  If unsure, say N.
+
+endmenu
+
 config CC_HAS_RANDSTRUCT
 	def_bool $(cc-option,-frandomize-layout-seed-file=/dev/null)
 	# Randstruct was first added in Clang 15, but it isn't safe to use until
diff --git a/security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c b/security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c
index c9b3bd8f1bb9..7a0420cf1a6a 100644
--- a/security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c
+++ b/security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ enum policy_rule_list { IMA_DEFAULT_POLICY = 1, IMA_CUSTOM_POLICY };
 
 struct ima_rule_opt_list {
 	size_t count;
-	char *items[];
+	char *items[] __counted_by(count);
 };
 
 /*
@@ -342,6 +342,7 @@ static struct ima_rule_opt_list *ima_alloc_rule_opt_list(const substring_t *src)
 		kfree(src_copy);
 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 	}
+	opt_list->count = count;
 
 	/*
 	 * strsep() has already replaced all instances of '|' with '\0',
@@ -357,7 +358,6 @@ static struct ima_rule_opt_list *ima_alloc_rule_opt_list(const substring_t *src)
 		opt_list->items[i] = cur;
 		cur = strchr(cur, '\0') + 1;
 	}
-	opt_list->count = count;
 
 	return opt_list;
 }
diff --git a/security/loadpin/loadpin.c b/security/loadpin/loadpin.c
index ebae964f7cc9..a9d40456a064 100644
--- a/security/loadpin/loadpin.c
+++ b/security/loadpin/loadpin.c
@@ -336,6 +336,7 @@ static int read_trusted_verity_root_digests(unsigned int fd)
 			rc = -ENOMEM;
 			goto err;
 		}
+		trd->len = len;
 
 		if (hex2bin(trd->data, d, len)) {
 			kfree(trd);
@@ -343,8 +344,6 @@ static int read_trusted_verity_root_digests(unsigned int fd)
 			goto err;
 		}
 
-		trd->len = len;
-
 		list_add_tail(&trd->node, &dm_verity_loadpin_trusted_root_digests);
 	}
 
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kselftest_harness.h b/tools/testing/selftests/kselftest_harness.h
index 5fd49ad0c696..e05ac8261046 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kselftest_harness.h
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kselftest_harness.h
@@ -938,7 +938,11 @@ void __wait_for_test(struct __test_metadata *t)
 		fprintf(TH_LOG_STREAM,
 			"# %s: Test terminated by timeout\n", t->name);
 	} else if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
-		if (t->termsig != -1) {
+		if (WEXITSTATUS(status) == 255) {
+			/* SKIP */
+			t->passed = 1;
+			t->skip = 1;
+		} else if (t->termsig != -1) {
 			t->passed = 0;
 			fprintf(TH_LOG_STREAM,
 				"# %s: Test exited normally instead of by signal (code: %d)\n",
@@ -950,11 +954,6 @@ void __wait_for_test(struct __test_metadata *t)
 			case 0:
 				t->passed = 1;
 				break;
-			/* SKIP */
-			case 255:
-				t->passed = 1;
-				t->skip = 1;
-				break;
 			/* Other failure, assume step report. */
 			default:
 				t->passed = 0;