License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier.  The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
 - file had no licensing information it it.
 - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
 - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.  Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed.  Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
 - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
 - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
   lines of source
 - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
   lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

 - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
   considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
   COPYING file license applied.

   For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0                                              11139

   and resulted in the first patch in this series.

   If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
   Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0".  Results of that was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

   and resulted in the second patch in this series.

 - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
   of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
   any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
   it (per prior point).  Results summary:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
   GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
   LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
   GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
   ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
   LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
   LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

   and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

 - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
   the concluded license(s).

 - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
   license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
   licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

 - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
   resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
   which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

 - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
   confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

 - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
   the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
   in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.  The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
 - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
   license ids and scores
 - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
   files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
 - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
   was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
   SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction.  This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg.  Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected.  This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.)  Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

34 files changed, 34 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/Makefile b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/Makefile
index ef25dc597f30..0a8e9611052f 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/Makefile
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #
 # Makefile for the linux kernel.
 #
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/cm-x2xx-pci.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/cm-x2xx-pci.h
index e24aad2e3ad7..93ffaaee75d7 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/cm-x2xx-pci.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/cm-x2xx-pci.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 extern void __cmx2xx_pci_init_irq(int irq_gpio);
 extern void __cmx2xx_pci_suspend(void);
 extern void __cmx2xx_pci_resume(void);
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/colibri.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/colibri.h
index cb4236e98a0f..673a131da875 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/colibri.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/colibri.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef _COLIBRI_H_
 #define _COLIBRI_H_
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/csb701.c b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/csb701.c
index 5a221a49ea4d..527c9fdf9795 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/csb701.c
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/csb701.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/platform_device.h>
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/devices.c b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/devices.c
index fffb697bbf0e..5a72456a19ce 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/devices.c
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/devices.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/devices.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/devices.h
index 04580c407276..905628dfbbbb 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/devices.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/devices.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 extern struct platform_device pxa_device_pmu;
 extern struct platform_device pxa_device_mci;
 extern struct platform_device pxa3xx_device_mci2;
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/addr-map.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/addr-map.h
index 07b93fd24474..93cfe7dbfec6 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/addr-map.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/addr-map.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __ASM_MACH_ADDR_MAP_H
 #define __ASM_MACH_ADDR_MAP_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/audio.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/audio.h
index a3449e35a6f5..7beebf7297b5 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/audio.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/audio.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __ASM_ARCH_AUDIO_H__
 #define __ASM_ARCH_AUDIO_H__
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/bitfield.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/bitfield.h
index f1f0e3387d9c..fe2ca441bc0a 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/bitfield.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/bitfield.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  *	FILE    	bitfield.h
  *
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/io.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/io.h
index cd78b7fe3567..d54031c4f3df 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/io.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/io.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  * arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/io.h
  *
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/regs-ac97.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/regs-ac97.h
index b8d14bd9ae59..1db96fd4df32 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/regs-ac97.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/regs-ac97.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __ASM_ARCH_REGS_AC97_H
 #define __ASM_ARCH_REGS_AC97_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/regs-lcd.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/regs-lcd.h
index f82dcea792d9..e2b6e3d1f625 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/regs-lcd.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/regs-lcd.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __ASM_ARCH_REGS_LCD_H
 #define __ASM_ARCH_REGS_LCD_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/regs-ost.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/regs-ost.h
index 628819995c52..deb564ed8ee7 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/regs-ost.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/regs-ost.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __ASM_MACH_REGS_OST_H
 #define __ASM_MACH_REGS_OST_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/regs-uart.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/regs-uart.h
index 55aeb7fb72f6..9a168f83afeb 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/regs-uart.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/regs-uart.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __ASM_ARCH_REGS_UART_H
 #define __ASM_ARCH_REGS_UART_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/reset.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/reset.h
index b6c10556fbc7..e1c4d100fd45 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/reset.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/reset.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __ASM_ARCH_RESET_H
 #define __ASM_ARCH_RESET_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/trizeps4.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/trizeps4.h
index ae3ca013afab..3cddb1428c5e 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/trizeps4.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/trizeps4.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /************************************************************************
  * Include file for TRIZEPS4 SoM and ConXS eval-board
  * Copyright (c) Jürgen Schindele
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/littleton.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/littleton.h
index 8066be54e9f5..a0a8d2bf9d71 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/littleton.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/littleton.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __ASM_ARCH_LITTLETON_H
 #define __ASM_ARCH_LITTLETON_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa25x.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa25x.h
index 1c59d4b3b19b..d0ebb2154503 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa25x.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa25x.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __ASM_ARCH_MFP_PXA25X_H
 #define __ASM_ARCH_MFP_PXA25X_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa27x.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa27x.h
index 9fe5601ce668..9f5ffb785ff5 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa27x.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa27x.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __ASM_ARCH_MFP_PXA27X_H
 #define __ASM_ARCH_MFP_PXA27X_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa2xx.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa2xx.h
index cbf51ae81855..980145e7ee99 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa2xx.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa2xx.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __ASM_ARCH_MFP_PXA2XX_H
 #define __ASM_ARCH_MFP_PXA2XX_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa3xx.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa3xx.h
index d375195d982b..cdd830926d1c 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa3xx.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa3xx.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __ASM_ARCH_MFP_PXA3XX_H
 #define __ASM_ARCH_MFP_PXA3XX_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mioa701.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mioa701.h
index e57f5c724e8a..d94295c67460 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mioa701.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mioa701.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef _MIOA701_H_
 #define _MIOA701_H_
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mxm8x10.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mxm8x10.h
index ffa15665a418..dcd32321c995 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mxm8x10.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/mxm8x10.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __MACH_MXM_8X10_H
 #define __MACH_MXM_8X10_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa25x.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa25x.h
index 2011e8da0592..b58d0fbdb4db 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa25x.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa25x.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __MACH_PXA25x_H
 #define __MACH_PXA25x_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa27x-udc.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa27x-udc.h
index 4cf28f670706..faf73804697f 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa27x-udc.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa27x-udc.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef _ASM_ARCH_PXA27X_UDC_H
 #define _ASM_ARCH_PXA27X_UDC_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa27x.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa27x.h
index 075131d83eab..abdc02fb4f03 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa27x.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa27x.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __MACH_PXA27x_H
 #define __MACH_PXA27x_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa300.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa300.h
index 59fa41025c80..d02a8d15c7e8 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa300.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa300.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __MACH_PXA300_H
 #define __MACH_PXA300_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa320.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa320.h
index b9e5115a1c30..c701e3f663b0 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa320.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa320.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __MACH_PXA320_H
 #define __MACH_PXA320_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa3xx.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa3xx.h
index b4143fb6631f..6d4502aa9d06 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa3xx.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa3xx.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __MACH_PXA3XX_H	
 #define __MACH_PXA3XX_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa930.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa930.h
index 4eceb02978e8..bbf25c044641 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa930.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/pxa930.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __MACH_PXA930_H
 #define __MACH_PXA930_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/regs-rtc.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/regs-rtc.h
index f0e4a589bbe1..b1f9ff14e335 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/regs-rtc.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/regs-rtc.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __ASM_MACH_REGS_RTC_H
 #define __ASM_MACH_REGS_RTC_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/regs-u2d.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/regs-u2d.h
index c15c0c57de08..fe4c80ad87ec 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/regs-u2d.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/regs-u2d.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __ASM_ARCH_PXA3xx_U2D_H
 #define __ASM_ARCH_PXA3xx_U2D_H
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/smemc.c b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/smemc.c
index f38aa890b2c9..32e82cc92ea5 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/smemc.c
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/smemc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Static Memory Controller
  */
diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/zylonite.h b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/zylonite.h
index ecca976f03d2..7300ec2aac0d 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-pxa/zylonite.h
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-pxa/zylonite.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __ASM_ARCH_ZYLONITE_H
 #define __ASM_ARCH_ZYLONITE_H