License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier.  The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
 - file had no licensing information it it.
 - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
 - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.  Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed.  Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
 - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
 - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
   lines of source
 - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
   lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

 - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
   considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
   COPYING file license applied.

   For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0                                              11139

   and resulted in the first patch in this series.

   If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
   Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0".  Results of that was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

   and resulted in the second patch in this series.

 - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
   of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
   any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
   it (per prior point).  Results summary:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
   GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
   LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
   GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
   ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
   LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
   LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

   and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

 - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
   the concluded license(s).

 - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
   license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
   licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

 - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
   resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
   which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

 - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
   confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

 - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
   the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
   in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.  The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
 - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
   license ids and scores
 - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
   files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
 - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
   was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
   SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction.  This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg.  Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected.  This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.)  Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

24 files changed, 24 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_board.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_board.h
index fa3e7e617b09..1d19a726f86c 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_board.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_board.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef BCM63XX_BOARD_H_
 #define BCM63XX_BOARD_H_
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_cpu.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_cpu.h
index 56bb19219d48..1cad18e6681d 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_cpu.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_cpu.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef BCM63XX_CPU_H_
 #define BCM63XX_CPU_H_
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_cs.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_cs.h
index b1821c866e53..1c634d7c1597 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_cs.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_cs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef BCM63XX_CS_H
 #define BCM63XX_CS_H
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_dsp.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_dsp.h
index b587d45c3045..4e4970787371 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_dsp.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_dsp.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __BCM63XX_DSP_H
 #define __BCM63XX_DSP_H
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_enet.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_enet.h
index c4e856f27040..c0bd47444cff 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_enet.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_enet.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef BCM63XX_DEV_ENET_H_
 #define BCM63XX_DEV_ENET_H_
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_flash.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_flash.h
index 354b8481ec4a..4d5005f2b8b5 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_flash.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_flash.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __BCM63XX_FLASH_H
 #define __BCM63XX_FLASH_H
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_hsspi.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_hsspi.h
index 1b1acafb3d79..f93f176c1bee 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_hsspi.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_hsspi.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef BCM63XX_DEV_HSSPI_H
 #define BCM63XX_DEV_HSSPI_H
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_pci.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_pci.h
index c549344b70ad..1951c125cf0e 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_pci.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_pci.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef BCM63XX_DEV_PCI_H_
 #define BCM63XX_DEV_PCI_H_
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_pcmcia.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_pcmcia.h
index 2beb3969ce3b..01674ac58bb5 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_pcmcia.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_pcmcia.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef BCM63XX_DEV_PCMCIA_H_
 #define BCM63XX_DEV_PCMCIA_H_
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_spi.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_spi.h
index dd299548860d..0ab750522324 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_spi.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_spi.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef BCM63XX_DEV_SPI_H
 #define BCM63XX_DEV_SPI_H
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_uart.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_uart.h
index 23c705baf171..88f8cf1c7094 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_uart.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_uart.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef BCM63XX_DEV_UART_H_
 #define BCM63XX_DEV_UART_H_
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_usb_usbd.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_usb_usbd.h
index 5d6d6986f40b..3f920baff966 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_usb_usbd.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_dev_usb_usbd.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef BCM63XX_DEV_USB_USBD_H_
 #define BCM63XX_DEV_USB_USBD_H_
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_gpio.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_gpio.h
index 565ff36a1119..8fe88c2251e4 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_gpio.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_gpio.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef BCM63XX_GPIO_H
 #define BCM63XX_GPIO_H
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_io.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_io.h
index 7033144aab2d..31c692433ada 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_io.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_io.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef BCM63XX_IO_H_
 #define BCM63XX_IO_H_
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_irq.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_irq.h
index 0c3074b871b8..7887bc6905f5 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_irq.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_irq.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef BCM63XX_IRQ_H_
 #define BCM63XX_IRQ_H_
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_iudma.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_iudma.h
index 1e89df7244bd..73df916e414d 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_iudma.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_iudma.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef BCM63XX_IUDMA_H_
 #define BCM63XX_IUDMA_H_
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_nvram.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_nvram.h
index 348df49dcc9f..f78d725f263f 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_nvram.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_nvram.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef BCM63XX_NVRAM_H
 #define BCM63XX_NVRAM_H
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_regs.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_regs.h
index 24080af570f9..bc3444cd4ef2 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_regs.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_regs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef BCM63XX_REGS_H_
 #define BCM63XX_REGS_H_
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_reset.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_reset.h
index 3a6eb9c1adc6..2c0645b7da84 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_reset.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_reset.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __BCM63XX_RESET_H
 #define __BCM63XX_RESET_H
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_timer.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_timer.h
index c0fce833c9ed..bcbece793fd8 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_timer.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/bcm63xx_timer.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef BCM63XX_TIMER_H_
 #define BCM63XX_TIMER_H_
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/board_bcm963xx.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/board_bcm963xx.h
index b86a0efba665..5e5b1bc4a324 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/board_bcm963xx.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/board_bcm963xx.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef BOARD_BCM963XX_H_
 #define BOARD_BCM963XX_H_
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/cpu-feature-overrides.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/cpu-feature-overrides.h
index b56cf10b91d3..0ebecbdb9749 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/cpu-feature-overrides.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/cpu-feature-overrides.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __ASM_MACH_BCM963XX_CPU_FEATURE_OVERRIDES_H
 #define __ASM_MACH_BCM963XX_CPU_FEATURE_OVERRIDES_H
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/ioremap.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/ioremap.h
index aea6e64b828f..8cd261ec0a75 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/ioremap.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/ioremap.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef BCM63XX_IOREMAP_H_
 #define BCM63XX_IOREMAP_H_
 
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/irq.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/irq.h
index 2bbfc8d1f307..b016f0615d5f 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/irq.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/mach-bcm63xx/irq.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __ASM_MACH_BCM63XX_IRQ_H
 #define __ASM_MACH_BCM63XX_IRQ_H