ns: Introduce Time Namespace

Time Namespace isolates clock values.

The kernel provides access to several clocks CLOCK_REALTIME,
CLOCK_MONOTONIC, CLOCK_BOOTTIME, etc.

CLOCK_REALTIME
      System-wide clock that measures real (i.e., wall-clock) time.

CLOCK_MONOTONIC
      Clock that cannot be set and represents monotonic time since
      some unspecified starting point.

CLOCK_BOOTTIME
      Identical to CLOCK_MONOTONIC, except it also includes any time
      that the system is suspended.

For many users, the time namespace means the ability to changes date and
time in a container (CLOCK_REALTIME). Providing per namespace notions of
CLOCK_REALTIME would be complex with a massive overhead, but has a dubious
value.

But in the context of checkpoint/restore functionality, monotonic and
boottime clocks become interesting. Both clocks are monotonic with
unspecified starting points. These clocks are widely used to measure time
slices and set timers. After restoring or migrating processes, it has to be
guaranteed that they never go backward. In an ideal case, the behavior of
these clocks should be the same as for a case when a whole system is
suspended. All this means that it is required to set CLOCK_MONOTONIC and
CLOCK_BOOTTIME clocks, which can be achieved by adding per-namespace
offsets for clocks.

A time namespace is similar to a pid namespace in the way how it is
created: unshare(CLONE_NEWTIME) system call creates a new time namespace,
but doesn't set it to the current process. Then all children of the process
will be born in the new time namespace, or a process can use the setns()
system call to join a namespace.

This scheme allows setting clock offsets for a namespace, before any
processes appear in it.

All available clone flags have been used, so CLONE_NEWTIME uses the highest
bit of CSIGNAL. It means that it can be used only with the unshare() and
the clone3() system calls.

[ tglx: Adjusted paragraph about clone3() to reality and massaged the
  	changelog a bit. ]

Co-developed-by: Dmitry Safonov <dima@arista.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrei Vagin <avagin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Safonov <dima@arista.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: https://criu.org/Time_namespace
Link: https://lists.openvz.org/pipermail/criu/2018-June/041504.html
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20191112012724.250792-4-dima@arista.com

4 files changed, 77 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/include/linux/nsproxy.h b/include/linux/nsproxy.h
index 2ae1b1a4d84d..074f395b9ad2 100644
--- a/include/linux/nsproxy.h
+++ b/include/linux/nsproxy.h
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ struct nsproxy {
 	struct mnt_namespace *mnt_ns;
 	struct pid_namespace *pid_ns_for_children;
 	struct net 	     *net_ns;
+	struct time_namespace *time_ns;
+	struct time_namespace *time_ns_for_children;
 	struct cgroup_namespace *cgroup_ns;
 };
 extern struct nsproxy init_nsproxy;
diff --git a/include/linux/proc_ns.h b/include/linux/proc_ns.h
index d31cb6215905..d312e6281e69 100644
--- a/include/linux/proc_ns.h
+++ b/include/linux/proc_ns.h
@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ extern const struct proc_ns_operations pidns_for_children_operations;
 extern const struct proc_ns_operations userns_operations;
 extern const struct proc_ns_operations mntns_operations;
 extern const struct proc_ns_operations cgroupns_operations;
+extern const struct proc_ns_operations timens_operations;
+extern const struct proc_ns_operations timens_for_children_operations;
 
 /*
  * We always define these enumerators
@@ -43,6 +45,7 @@ enum {
 	PROC_USER_INIT_INO	= 0xEFFFFFFDU,
 	PROC_PID_INIT_INO	= 0xEFFFFFFCU,
 	PROC_CGROUP_INIT_INO	= 0xEFFFFFFBU,
+	PROC_TIME_INIT_INO	= 0xEFFFFFFAU,
 };
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
diff --git a/include/linux/time_namespace.h b/include/linux/time_namespace.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..8c74cc12ad24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/linux/time_namespace.h
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+#ifndef _LINUX_TIMENS_H
+#define _LINUX_TIMENS_H
+
+
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/kref.h>
+#include <linux/nsproxy.h>
+#include <linux/ns_common.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+
+struct user_namespace;
+extern struct user_namespace init_user_ns;
+
+struct time_namespace {
+	struct kref		kref;
+	struct user_namespace	*user_ns;
+	struct ucounts		*ucounts;
+	struct ns_common	ns;
+} __randomize_layout;
+
+extern struct time_namespace init_time_ns;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_TIME_NS
+static inline struct time_namespace *get_time_ns(struct time_namespace *ns)
+{
+	kref_get(&ns->kref);
+	return ns;
+}
+
+struct time_namespace *copy_time_ns(unsigned long flags,
+				    struct user_namespace *user_ns,
+				    struct time_namespace *old_ns);
+void free_time_ns(struct kref *kref);
+int timens_on_fork(struct nsproxy *nsproxy, struct task_struct *tsk);
+
+static inline void put_time_ns(struct time_namespace *ns)
+{
+	kref_put(&ns->kref, free_time_ns);
+}
+
+#else
+static inline struct time_namespace *get_time_ns(struct time_namespace *ns)
+{
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static inline void put_time_ns(struct time_namespace *ns)
+{
+}
+
+static inline
+struct time_namespace *copy_time_ns(unsigned long flags,
+				    struct user_namespace *user_ns,
+				    struct time_namespace *old_ns)
+{
+	if (flags & CLONE_NEWTIME)
+		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+	return old_ns;
+}
+
+static inline int timens_on_fork(struct nsproxy *nsproxy,
+				 struct task_struct *tsk)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#endif /* _LINUX_TIMENS_H */
diff --git a/include/linux/user_namespace.h b/include/linux/user_namespace.h
index fb9f4f799554..6ef1c7109fc4 100644
--- a/include/linux/user_namespace.h
+++ b/include/linux/user_namespace.h
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ enum ucount_type {
 	UCOUNT_NET_NAMESPACES,
 	UCOUNT_MNT_NAMESPACES,
 	UCOUNT_CGROUP_NAMESPACES,
+	UCOUNT_TIME_NAMESPACES,
 #ifdef CONFIG_INOTIFY_USER
 	UCOUNT_INOTIFY_INSTANCES,
 	UCOUNT_INOTIFY_WATCHES,