rcu: Defer reporting RCU-preempt quiescent states when disabled

This commit defers reporting of RCU-preempt quiescent states at
rcu_read_unlock_special() time when any of interrupts, softirq, or
preemption are disabled.  These deferred quiescent states are reported
at a later RCU_SOFTIRQ, context switch, idle entry, or CPU-hotplug
offline operation.  Of course, if another RCU read-side critical
section has started in the meantime, the reporting of the quiescent
state will be further deferred.

This also means that disabling preemption, interrupts, and/or
softirqs will act as an RCU-preempt read-side critical section.
This is enforced by checking preempt_count() as needed.

Some special cases must be handled on an ad-hoc basis, for example,
context switch is a quiescent state even though both the scheduler and
do_exit() disable preemption.  In these cases, additional calls to
rcu_preempt_deferred_qs() override the preemption disabling.  Similar
logic overrides disabled interrupts in rcu_preempt_check_callbacks()
because in this case the quiescent state happened just before the
corresponding scheduling-clock interrupt.

In theory, this change lifts a long-standing restriction that required
that if interrupts were disabled across a call to rcu_read_unlock()
that the matching rcu_read_lock() also be contained within that
interrupts-disabled region of code.  Because the reporting of the
corresponding RCU-preempt quiescent state is now deferred until
after interrupts have been enabled, it is no longer possible for this
situation to result in deadlocks involving the scheduler's runqueue and
priority-inheritance locks.  This may allow some code simplification that
might reduce interrupt latency a bit.  Unfortunately, in practice this
would also defer deboosting a low-priority task that had been subjected
to RCU priority boosting, so real-time-response considerations might
well force this restriction to remain in place.

Because RCU-preempt grace periods are now blocked not only by RCU
read-side critical sections, but also by disabling of interrupts,
preemption, and softirqs, it will be possible to eliminate RCU-bh and
RCU-sched in favor of RCU-preempt in CONFIG_PREEMPT=y kernels.  This may
require some additional plumbing to provide the network denial-of-service
guarantees that have been traditionally provided by RCU-bh.  Once these
are in place, CONFIG_PREEMPT=n kernels will be able to fold RCU-bh
into RCU-sched.  This would mean that all kernels would have but
one flavor of RCU, which would open the door to significant code
cleanup.

Moving to a single flavor of RCU would also have the beneficial effect
of reducing the NOCB kthreads by at least a factor of two.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
[ paulmck: Apply rcu_read_unlock_special() preempt_count() feedback
  from Joel Fernandes. ]
[ paulmck: Adjust rcu_eqs_enter() call to rcu_preempt_deferred_qs() in
  response to bug reports from kbuild test robot. ]
[ paulmck: Fix bug located by kbuild test robot involving recursion
  via rcu_preempt_deferred_qs(). ]

1 files changed, 3 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree.h b/kernel/rcu/tree.h
index 4e74df768c57..025bd2e5592b 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree.h
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree.h
@@ -195,6 +195,7 @@ struct rcu_data {
 	bool		core_needs_qs;	/* Core waits for quiesc state. */
 	bool		beenonline;	/* CPU online at least once. */
 	bool		gpwrap;		/* Possible ->gp_seq wrap. */
+	bool		deferred_qs;	/* This CPU awaiting a deferred QS? */
 	struct rcu_node *mynode;	/* This CPU's leaf of hierarchy */
 	unsigned long grpmask;		/* Mask to apply to leaf qsmask. */
 	unsigned long	ticks_this_gp;	/* The number of scheduling-clock */
@@ -461,6 +462,8 @@ static void rcu_cleanup_after_idle(void);
 static void rcu_prepare_for_idle(void);
 static void rcu_idle_count_callbacks_posted(void);
 static bool rcu_preempt_has_tasks(struct rcu_node *rnp);
+static bool rcu_preempt_need_deferred_qs(struct task_struct *t);
+static void rcu_preempt_deferred_qs(struct task_struct *t);
 static void print_cpu_stall_info_begin(void);
 static void print_cpu_stall_info(struct rcu_state *rsp, int cpu);
 static void print_cpu_stall_info_end(void);