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authorJérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>2017-11-15 17:34:07 -0800
committerLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2017-11-15 18:21:03 -0800
commit0f10851ea475e08896ee5d9a2036d1bb46a8f3a4 (patch)
treef130d2eab4458a640d7c2a43947e7ce1de5137e3 /mm/ksm.c
parent1aedcafbf32b3f232c159b14cd0d423fcfe2b861 (diff)
mm/mmu_notifier: avoid double notification when it is useless
This patch only affects users of mmu_notifier->invalidate_range callback which are device drivers related to ATS/PASID, CAPI, IOMMUv2, SVM ... and it is an optimization for those users. Everyone else is unaffected by it. When clearing a pte/pmd we are given a choice to notify the event under the page table lock (notify version of *_clear_flush helpers do call the mmu_notifier_invalidate_range). But that notification is not necessary in all cases. This patch removes almost all cases where it is useless to have a call to mmu_notifier_invalidate_range before mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end. It also adds documentation in all those cases explaining why. Below is a more in depth analysis of why this is fine to do this: For secondary TLB (non CPU TLB) like IOMMU TLB or device TLB (when device use thing like ATS/PASID to get the IOMMU to walk the CPU page table to access a process virtual address space). There is only 2 cases when you need to notify those secondary TLB while holding page table lock when clearing a pte/pmd: A) page backing address is free before mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end B) a page table entry is updated to point to a new page (COW, write fault on zero page, __replace_page(), ...) Case A is obvious you do not want to take the risk for the device to write to a page that might now be used by something completely different. Case B is more subtle. For correctness it requires the following sequence to happen: - take page table lock - clear page table entry and notify (pmd/pte_huge_clear_flush_notify()) - set page table entry to point to new page If clearing the page table entry is not followed by a notify before setting the new pte/pmd value then you can break memory model like C11 or C++11 for the device. Consider the following scenario (device use a feature similar to ATS/ PASID): Two address addrA and addrB such that |addrA - addrB| >= PAGE_SIZE we assume they are write protected for COW (other case of B apply too). [Time N] ----------------------------------------------------------------- CPU-thread-0 {try to write to addrA} CPU-thread-1 {try to write to addrB} CPU-thread-2 {} CPU-thread-3 {} DEV-thread-0 {read addrA and populate device TLB} DEV-thread-2 {read addrB and populate device TLB} [Time N+1] --------------------------------------------------------------- CPU-thread-0 {COW_step0: {mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(addrA)}} CPU-thread-1 {COW_step0: {mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(addrB)}} CPU-thread-2 {} CPU-thread-3 {} DEV-thread-0 {} DEV-thread-2 {} [Time N+2] --------------------------------------------------------------- CPU-thread-0 {COW_step1: {update page table point to new page for addrA}} CPU-thread-1 {COW_step1: {update page table point to new page for addrB}} CPU-thread-2 {} CPU-thread-3 {} DEV-thread-0 {} DEV-thread-2 {} [Time N+3] --------------------------------------------------------------- CPU-thread-0 {preempted} CPU-thread-1 {preempted} CPU-thread-2 {write to addrA which is a write to new page} CPU-thread-3 {} DEV-thread-0 {} DEV-thread-2 {} [Time N+3] --------------------------------------------------------------- CPU-thread-0 {preempted} CPU-thread-1 {preempted} CPU-thread-2 {} CPU-thread-3 {write to addrB which is a write to new page} DEV-thread-0 {} DEV-thread-2 {} [Time N+4] --------------------------------------------------------------- CPU-thread-0 {preempted} CPU-thread-1 {COW_step3: {mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(addrB)}} CPU-thread-2 {} CPU-thread-3 {} DEV-thread-0 {} DEV-thread-2 {} [Time N+5] --------------------------------------------------------------- CPU-thread-0 {preempted} CPU-thread-1 {} CPU-thread-2 {} CPU-thread-3 {} DEV-thread-0 {read addrA from old page} DEV-thread-2 {read addrB from new page} So here because at time N+2 the clear page table entry was not pair with a notification to invalidate the secondary TLB, the device see the new value for addrB before seing the new value for addrA. This break total memory ordering for the device. When changing a pte to write protect or to point to a new write protected page with same content (KSM) it is ok to delay invalidate_range callback to mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end() outside the page table lock. This is true even if the thread doing page table update is preempted right after releasing page table lock before calling mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end Thanks to Andrea for thinking of a problematic scenario for COW. [jglisse@redhat.com: v2] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171017031003.7481-2-jglisse@redhat.com Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170901173011.10745-1-jglisse@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Nadav Amit <nadav.amit@gmail.com> Cc: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de> Cc: Suravee Suthikulpanit <suravee.suthikulpanit@amd.com> Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> Cc: Alistair Popple <alistair@popple.id.au> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Cc: Andrew Donnellan <andrew.donnellan@au1.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Diffstat (limited to 'mm/ksm.c')
-rw-r--r--mm/ksm.c15
1 files changed, 13 insertions, 2 deletions
diff --git a/mm/ksm.c b/mm/ksm.c
index 6cb60f46cce5..be8f4576f842 100644
--- a/mm/ksm.c
+++ b/mm/ksm.c
@@ -1052,8 +1052,13 @@ static int write_protect_page(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct page *page,
* So we clear the pte and flush the tlb before the check
* this assure us that no O_DIRECT can happen after the check
* or in the middle of the check.
+ *
+ * No need to notify as we are downgrading page table to read
+ * only not changing it to point to a new page.
+ *
+ * See Documentation/vm/mmu_notifier.txt
*/
- entry = ptep_clear_flush_notify(vma, pvmw.address, pvmw.pte);
+ entry = ptep_clear_flush(vma, pvmw.address, pvmw.pte);
/*
* Check that no O_DIRECT or similar I/O is in progress on the
* page
@@ -1136,7 +1141,13 @@ static int replace_page(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct page *page,
}
flush_cache_page(vma, addr, pte_pfn(*ptep));
- ptep_clear_flush_notify(vma, addr, ptep);
+ /*
+ * No need to notify as we are replacing a read only page with another
+ * read only page with the same content.
+ *
+ * See Documentation/vm/mmu_notifier.txt
+ */
+ ptep_clear_flush(vma, addr, ptep);
set_pte_at_notify(mm, addr, ptep, newpte);
page_remove_rmap(page, false);