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authorVineeth Remanan Pillai <vpillai@digitalocean.com>2019-03-05 15:47:03 -0800
committerLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2019-03-05 21:07:18 -0800
commitb56a2d8af9147a4efe4011b60d93779c0461ca97 (patch)
tree1595323c4696df56df8018357c6c97a0aef14f7a /mm/shmem.c
parentc5bf121e4350a933bd431385e6fcb72a898ecc68 (diff)
mm: rid swapoff of quadratic complexity
This patch was initially posted by Kelley Nielsen. Reposting the patch with all review comments addressed and with minor modifications and optimizations. Also, folding in the fixes offered by Hugh Dickins and Huang Ying. Tests were rerun and commit message updated with new results. try_to_unuse() is of quadratic complexity, with a lot of wasted effort. It unuses swap entries one by one, potentially iterating over all the page tables for all the processes in the system for each one. This new proposed implementation of try_to_unuse simplifies its complexity to linear. It iterates over the system's mms once, unusing all the affected entries as it walks each set of page tables. It also makes similar changes to shmem_unuse. Improvement swapoff was called on a swap partition containing about 6G of data, in a VM(8cpu, 16G RAM), and calls to unuse_pte_range() were counted. Present implementation....about 1200M calls(8min, avg 80% cpu util). Prototype.................about 9.0K calls(3min, avg 5% cpu util). Details In shmem_unuse(), iterate over the shmem_swaplist and, for each shmem_inode_info that contains a swap entry, pass it to shmem_unuse_inode(), along with the swap type. In shmem_unuse_inode(), iterate over its associated xarray, and store the index and value of each swap entry in an array for passing to shmem_swapin_page() outside of the RCU critical section. In try_to_unuse(), instead of iterating over the entries in the type and unusing them one by one, perhaps walking all the page tables for all the processes for each one, iterate over the mmlist, making one pass. Pass each mm to unuse_mm() to begin its page table walk, and during the walk, unuse all the ptes that have backing store in the swap type received by try_to_unuse(). After the walk, check the type for orphaned swap entries with find_next_to_unuse(), and remove them from the swap cache. If find_next_to_unuse() starts over at the beginning of the type, repeat the check of the shmem_swaplist and the walk a maximum of three times. Change unuse_mm() and the intervening walk functions down to unuse_pte_range() to take the type as a parameter, and to iterate over their entire range, calling the next function down on every iteration. In unuse_pte_range(), make a swap entry from each pte in the range using the passed in type. If it has backing store in the type, call swapin_readahead() to retrieve the page and pass it to unuse_pte(). Pass the count of pages_to_unuse down the page table walks in try_to_unuse(), and return from the walk when the desired number of pages has been swapped back in. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190114153129.4852-2-vpillai@digitalocean.com Signed-off-by: Vineeth Remanan Pillai <vpillai@digitalocean.com> Signed-off-by: Kelley Nielsen <kelleynnn@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com> Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Diffstat (limited to 'mm/shmem.c')
-rw-r--r--mm/shmem.c267
1 files changed, 147 insertions, 120 deletions
diff --git a/mm/shmem.c b/mm/shmem.c
index b4d27ef87496..283a1833dafc 100644
--- a/mm/shmem.c
+++ b/mm/shmem.c
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
#include <linux/uio.h>
#include <linux/khugepaged.h>
#include <linux/hugetlb.h>
+#include <linux/frontswap.h>
#include <asm/tlbflush.h> /* for arch/microblaze update_mmu_cache() */
@@ -1093,159 +1094,184 @@ static void shmem_evict_inode(struct inode *inode)
clear_inode(inode);
}
-static unsigned long find_swap_entry(struct xarray *xa, void *item)
+extern struct swap_info_struct *swap_info[];
+
+static int shmem_find_swap_entries(struct address_space *mapping,
+ pgoff_t start, unsigned int nr_entries,
+ struct page **entries, pgoff_t *indices,
+ bool frontswap)
{
- XA_STATE(xas, xa, 0);
- unsigned int checked = 0;
- void *entry;
+ XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, start);
+ struct page *page;
+ unsigned int ret = 0;
+
+ if (!nr_entries)
+ return 0;
rcu_read_lock();
- xas_for_each(&xas, entry, ULONG_MAX) {
- if (xas_retry(&xas, entry))
+ xas_for_each(&xas, page, ULONG_MAX) {
+ if (xas_retry(&xas, page))
continue;
- if (entry == item)
- break;
- checked++;
- if ((checked % XA_CHECK_SCHED) != 0)
+
+ if (!xa_is_value(page))
continue;
- xas_pause(&xas);
- cond_resched_rcu();
+
+ if (frontswap) {
+ swp_entry_t entry = radix_to_swp_entry(page);
+
+ if (!frontswap_test(swap_info[swp_type(entry)],
+ swp_offset(entry)))
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ indices[ret] = xas.xa_index;
+ entries[ret] = page;
+
+ if (need_resched()) {
+ xas_pause(&xas);
+ cond_resched_rcu();
+ }
+ if (++ret == nr_entries)
+ break;
}
rcu_read_unlock();
- return entry ? xas.xa_index : -1;
+ return ret;
}
/*
- * If swap found in inode, free it and move page from swapcache to filecache.
+ * Move the swapped pages for an inode to page cache. Returns the count
+ * of pages swapped in, or the error in case of failure.
*/
-static int shmem_unuse_inode(struct shmem_inode_info *info,
- swp_entry_t swap, struct page **pagep)
+static int shmem_unuse_swap_entries(struct inode *inode, struct pagevec pvec,
+ pgoff_t *indices)
{
- struct address_space *mapping = info->vfs_inode.i_mapping;
- void *radswap;
- pgoff_t index;
- gfp_t gfp;
+ int i = 0;
+ int ret = 0;
int error = 0;
+ struct address_space *mapping = inode->i_mapping;
- radswap = swp_to_radix_entry(swap);
- index = find_swap_entry(&mapping->i_pages, radswap);
- if (index == -1)
- return -EAGAIN; /* tell shmem_unuse we found nothing */
-
- /*
- * Move _head_ to start search for next from here.
- * But be careful: shmem_evict_inode checks list_empty without taking
- * mutex, and there's an instant in list_move_tail when info->swaplist
- * would appear empty, if it were the only one on shmem_swaplist.
- */
- if (shmem_swaplist.next != &info->swaplist)
- list_move_tail(&shmem_swaplist, &info->swaplist);
+ for (i = 0; i < pvec.nr; i++) {
+ struct page *page = pvec.pages[i];
- gfp = mapping_gfp_mask(mapping);
- if (shmem_should_replace_page(*pagep, gfp)) {
- mutex_unlock(&shmem_swaplist_mutex);
- error = shmem_replace_page(pagep, gfp, info, index);
- mutex_lock(&shmem_swaplist_mutex);
- /*
- * We needed to drop mutex to make that restrictive page
- * allocation, but the inode might have been freed while we
- * dropped it: although a racing shmem_evict_inode() cannot
- * complete without emptying the page cache, our page lock
- * on this swapcache page is not enough to prevent that -
- * free_swap_and_cache() of our swap entry will only
- * trylock_page(), removing swap from page cache whatever.
- *
- * We must not proceed to shmem_add_to_page_cache() if the
- * inode has been freed, but of course we cannot rely on
- * inode or mapping or info to check that. However, we can
- * safely check if our swap entry is still in use (and here
- * it can't have got reused for another page): if it's still
- * in use, then the inode cannot have been freed yet, and we
- * can safely proceed (if it's no longer in use, that tells
- * nothing about the inode, but we don't need to unuse swap).
- */
- if (!page_swapcount(*pagep))
- error = -ENOENT;
+ if (!xa_is_value(page))
+ continue;
+ error = shmem_swapin_page(inode, indices[i],
+ &page, SGP_CACHE,
+ mapping_gfp_mask(mapping),
+ NULL, NULL);
+ if (error == 0) {
+ unlock_page(page);
+ put_page(page);
+ ret++;
+ }
+ if (error == -ENOMEM)
+ break;
+ error = 0;
}
+ return error ? error : ret;
+}
- /*
- * We rely on shmem_swaplist_mutex, not only to protect the swaplist,
- * but also to hold up shmem_evict_inode(): so inode cannot be freed
- * beneath us (pagelock doesn't help until the page is in pagecache).
- */
- if (!error)
- error = shmem_add_to_page_cache(*pagep, mapping, index,
- radswap, gfp);
- if (error != -ENOMEM) {
- /*
- * Truncation and eviction use free_swap_and_cache(), which
- * only does trylock page: if we raced, best clean up here.
- */
- delete_from_swap_cache(*pagep);
- set_page_dirty(*pagep);
- if (!error) {
- spin_lock_irq(&info->lock);
- info->swapped--;
- spin_unlock_irq(&info->lock);
- swap_free(swap);
+/*
+ * If swap found in inode, free it and move page from swapcache to filecache.
+ */
+static int shmem_unuse_inode(struct inode *inode, unsigned int type,
+ bool frontswap, unsigned long *fs_pages_to_unuse)
+{
+ struct address_space *mapping = inode->i_mapping;
+ pgoff_t start = 0;
+ struct pagevec pvec;
+ pgoff_t indices[PAGEVEC_SIZE];
+ bool frontswap_partial = (frontswap && *fs_pages_to_unuse > 0);
+ int ret = 0;
+
+ pagevec_init(&pvec);
+ do {
+ unsigned int nr_entries = PAGEVEC_SIZE;
+
+ if (frontswap_partial && *fs_pages_to_unuse < PAGEVEC_SIZE)
+ nr_entries = *fs_pages_to_unuse;
+
+ pvec.nr = shmem_find_swap_entries(mapping, start, nr_entries,
+ pvec.pages, indices,
+ frontswap);
+ if (pvec.nr == 0) {
+ ret = 0;
+ break;
}
- }
- return error;
+
+ ret = shmem_unuse_swap_entries(inode, pvec, indices);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ break;
+
+ if (frontswap_partial) {
+ *fs_pages_to_unuse -= ret;
+ if (*fs_pages_to_unuse == 0) {
+ ret = FRONTSWAP_PAGES_UNUSED;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ start = indices[pvec.nr - 1];
+ } while (true);
+
+ return ret;
}
/*
- * Search through swapped inodes to find and replace swap by page.
+ * Read all the shared memory data that resides in the swap
+ * device 'type' back into memory, so the swap device can be
+ * unused.
*/
-int shmem_unuse(swp_entry_t swap, struct page *page)
+int shmem_unuse(unsigned int type, bool frontswap,
+ unsigned long *fs_pages_to_unuse)
{
- struct list_head *this, *next;
- struct shmem_inode_info *info;
- struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
+ struct shmem_inode_info *info, *next;
+ struct inode *inode;
+ struct inode *prev_inode = NULL;
int error = 0;
- /*
- * There's a faint possibility that swap page was replaced before
- * caller locked it: caller will come back later with the right page.
- */
- if (unlikely(!PageSwapCache(page) || page_private(page) != swap.val))
- goto out;
+ if (list_empty(&shmem_swaplist))
+ return 0;
+
+ mutex_lock(&shmem_swaplist_mutex);
/*
- * Charge page using GFP_KERNEL while we can wait, before taking
- * the shmem_swaplist_mutex which might hold up shmem_writepage().
- * Charged back to the user (not to caller) when swap account is used.
+ * The extra refcount on the inode is necessary to safely dereference
+ * p->next after re-acquiring the lock. New shmem inodes with swap
+ * get added to the end of the list and we will scan them all.
*/
- error = mem_cgroup_try_charge_delay(page, current->mm, GFP_KERNEL,
- &memcg, false);
- if (error)
- goto out;
- /* No memory allocation: swap entry occupies the slot for the page */
- error = -EAGAIN;
-
- mutex_lock(&shmem_swaplist_mutex);
- list_for_each_safe(this, next, &shmem_swaplist) {
- info = list_entry(this, struct shmem_inode_info, swaplist);
- if (info->swapped)
- error = shmem_unuse_inode(info, swap, &page);
- else
+ list_for_each_entry_safe(info, next, &shmem_swaplist, swaplist) {
+ if (!info->swapped) {
list_del_init(&info->swaplist);
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ inode = igrab(&info->vfs_inode);
+ if (!inode)
+ continue;
+
+ mutex_unlock(&shmem_swaplist_mutex);
+ if (prev_inode)
+ iput(prev_inode);
+ prev_inode = inode;
+
+ error = shmem_unuse_inode(inode, type, frontswap,
+ fs_pages_to_unuse);
cond_resched();
- if (error != -EAGAIN)
+
+ mutex_lock(&shmem_swaplist_mutex);
+ next = list_next_entry(info, swaplist);
+ if (!info->swapped)
+ list_del_init(&info->swaplist);
+ if (error)
break;
- /* found nothing in this: move on to search the next */
}
mutex_unlock(&shmem_swaplist_mutex);
- if (error) {
- if (error != -ENOMEM)
- error = 0;
- mem_cgroup_cancel_charge(page, memcg, false);
- } else
- mem_cgroup_commit_charge(page, memcg, true, false);
-out:
- unlock_page(page);
- put_page(page);
+ if (prev_inode)
+ iput(prev_inode);
+
return error;
}
@@ -1329,7 +1355,7 @@ static int shmem_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc)
*/
mutex_lock(&shmem_swaplist_mutex);
if (list_empty(&info->swaplist))
- list_add_tail(&info->swaplist, &shmem_swaplist);
+ list_add(&info->swaplist, &shmem_swaplist);
if (add_to_swap_cache(page, swap, GFP_ATOMIC) == 0) {
spin_lock_irq(&info->lock);
@@ -3886,7 +3912,8 @@ int __init shmem_init(void)
return 0;
}
-int shmem_unuse(swp_entry_t swap, struct page *page)
+int shmem_unuse(unsigned int type, bool frontswap,
+ unsigned long *fs_pages_to_unuse)
{
return 0;
}