Merge https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf-next

Alexei Starovoitov says:

====================
pull-request: bpf-next 2021-11-01

We've added 181 non-merge commits during the last 28 day(s) which contain
a total of 280 files changed, 11791 insertions(+), 5879 deletions(-).

The main changes are:

1) Fix bpf verifier propagation of 64-bit bounds, from Alexei.

2) Parallelize bpf test_progs, from Yucong and Andrii.

3) Deprecate various libbpf apis including af_xdp, from Andrii, Hengqi, Magnus.

4) Improve bpf selftests on s390, from Ilya.

5) bloomfilter bpf map type, from Joanne.

6) Big improvements to JIT tests especially on Mips, from Johan.

7) Support kernel module function calls from bpf, from Kumar.

8) Support typeless and weak ksym in light skeleton, from Kumar.

9) Disallow unprivileged bpf by default, from Pawan.

10) BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG support, from Yonghong.

11) Various bpftool cleanups, from Quentin.

* https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf-next: (181 commits)
  libbpf: Deprecate AF_XDP support
  kbuild: Unify options for BTF generation for vmlinux and modules
  selftests/bpf: Add a testcase for 64-bit bounds propagation issue.
  bpf: Fix propagation of signed bounds from 64-bit min/max into 32-bit.
  bpf: Fix propagation of bounds from 64-bit min/max into 32-bit and var_off.
  selftests/bpf: Fix also no-alu32 strobemeta selftest
  bpf: Add missing map_delete_elem method to bloom filter map
  selftests/bpf: Add bloom map success test for userspace calls
  bpf: Add alignment padding for "map_extra" + consolidate holes
  bpf: Bloom filter map naming fixups
  selftests/bpf: Add test cases for struct_ops prog
  bpf: Add dummy BPF STRUCT_OPS for test purpose
  bpf: Factor out helpers for ctx access checking
  bpf: Factor out a helper to prepare trampoline for struct_ops prog
  selftests, bpf: Fix broken riscv build
  riscv, libbpf: Add RISC-V (RV64) support to bpf_tracing.h
  tools, build: Add RISC-V to HOSTARCH parsing
  riscv, bpf: Increase the maximum number of iterations
  selftests, bpf: Add one test for sockmap with strparser
  selftests, bpf: Fix test_txmsg_ingress_parser error
  ...
====================

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20211102013123.9005-1-alexei.starovoitov@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>

19 files changed, 1762 insertions, 794 deletions

diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/Makefile b/tools/lib/bpf/Makefile
index 0f766345506f..b393b5e82380 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/Makefile
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/Makefile
@@ -146,12 +146,6 @@ $(BPF_IN_SHARED): force $(BPF_GENERATED)
 	@(test -f ../../include/uapi/linux/bpf_common.h -a -f ../../../include/uapi/linux/bpf_common.h && ( \
 	(diff -B ../../include/uapi/linux/bpf_common.h ../../../include/uapi/linux/bpf_common.h >/dev/null) || \
 	echo "Warning: Kernel ABI header at 'tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf_common.h' differs from latest version at 'include/uapi/linux/bpf_common.h'" >&2 )) || true
-	@(test -f ../../include/uapi/linux/netlink.h -a -f ../../../include/uapi/linux/netlink.h && ( \
-	(diff -B ../../include/uapi/linux/netlink.h ../../../include/uapi/linux/netlink.h >/dev/null) || \
-	echo "Warning: Kernel ABI header at 'tools/include/uapi/linux/netlink.h' differs from latest version at 'include/uapi/linux/netlink.h'" >&2 )) || true
-	@(test -f ../../include/uapi/linux/if_link.h -a -f ../../../include/uapi/linux/if_link.h && ( \
-	(diff -B ../../include/uapi/linux/if_link.h ../../../include/uapi/linux/if_link.h >/dev/null) || \
-	echo "Warning: Kernel ABI header at 'tools/include/uapi/linux/if_link.h' differs from latest version at 'include/uapi/linux/if_link.h'" >&2 )) || true
 	@(test -f ../../include/uapi/linux/if_xdp.h -a -f ../../../include/uapi/linux/if_xdp.h && ( \
 	(diff -B ../../include/uapi/linux/if_xdp.h ../../../include/uapi/linux/if_xdp.h >/dev/null) || \
 	echo "Warning: Kernel ABI header at 'tools/include/uapi/linux/if_xdp.h' differs from latest version at 'include/uapi/linux/if_xdp.h'" >&2 )) || true
@@ -208,8 +202,8 @@ check_abi: $(OUTPUT)libbpf.so $(VERSION_SCRIPT)
 		exit 1;							 \
 	fi
 
-HDR_MAJ_VERSION := $(shell grep -oE '^\#define LIBBPF_MAJOR_VERSION ([0-9]+)$$' libbpf_version.h | cut -d' ' -f3)
-HDR_MIN_VERSION := $(shell grep -oE '^\#define LIBBPF_MINOR_VERSION ([0-9]+)$$' libbpf_version.h | cut -d' ' -f3)
+HDR_MAJ_VERSION := $(shell grep -oE '^$(pound)define LIBBPF_MAJOR_VERSION ([0-9]+)$$' libbpf_version.h | cut -d' ' -f3)
+HDR_MIN_VERSION := $(shell grep -oE '^$(pound)define LIBBPF_MINOR_VERSION ([0-9]+)$$' libbpf_version.h | cut -d' ' -f3)
 
 check_version: $(VERSION_SCRIPT) libbpf_version.h
 	@if [ "$(HDR_MAJ_VERSION)" != "$(LIBBPF_MAJOR_VERSION)" ]; then        \
@@ -241,15 +235,24 @@ install_lib: all_cmd
 		$(call do_install_mkdir,$(libdir_SQ)); \
 		cp -fpR $(LIB_FILE) $(DESTDIR)$(libdir_SQ)
 
-INSTALL_HEADERS = bpf.h libbpf.h btf.h libbpf_common.h libbpf_legacy.h xsk.h \
-		  bpf_helpers.h $(BPF_GENERATED) bpf_tracing.h		     \
-		  bpf_endian.h bpf_core_read.h skel_internal.h		     \
-		  libbpf_version.h
+SRC_HDRS := bpf.h libbpf.h btf.h libbpf_common.h libbpf_legacy.h xsk.h	     \
+	    bpf_helpers.h bpf_tracing.h bpf_endian.h bpf_core_read.h	     \
+	    skel_internal.h libbpf_version.h
+GEN_HDRS := $(BPF_GENERATED)
 
-install_headers: $(BPF_GENERATED)
-	$(call QUIET_INSTALL, headers)					     \
-		$(foreach hdr,$(INSTALL_HEADERS),			     \
-			$(call do_install,$(hdr),$(prefix)/include/bpf,644);)
+INSTALL_PFX := $(DESTDIR)$(prefix)/include/bpf
+INSTALL_SRC_HDRS := $(addprefix $(INSTALL_PFX)/, $(SRC_HDRS))
+INSTALL_GEN_HDRS := $(addprefix $(INSTALL_PFX)/, $(notdir $(GEN_HDRS)))
+
+$(INSTALL_SRC_HDRS): $(INSTALL_PFX)/%.h: %.h
+	$(call QUIET_INSTALL, $@) \
+		$(call do_install,$<,$(prefix)/include/bpf,644)
+
+$(INSTALL_GEN_HDRS): $(INSTALL_PFX)/%.h: $(OUTPUT)%.h
+	$(call QUIET_INSTALL, $@) \
+		$(call do_install,$<,$(prefix)/include/bpf,644)
+
+install_headers: $(BPF_GENERATED) $(INSTALL_SRC_HDRS) $(INSTALL_GEN_HDRS)
 
 install_pkgconfig: $(PC_FILE)
 	$(call QUIET_INSTALL, $(PC_FILE)) \
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/bpf.c b/tools/lib/bpf/bpf.c
index 2401fad090c5..c09cbb868c9f 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/bpf.c
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/bpf.c
@@ -65,19 +65,28 @@ static inline int sys_bpf(enum bpf_cmd cmd, union bpf_attr *attr,
 	return syscall(__NR_bpf, cmd, attr, size);
 }
 
+static inline int sys_bpf_fd(enum bpf_cmd cmd, union bpf_attr *attr,
+			     unsigned int size)
+{
+	int fd;
+
+	fd = sys_bpf(cmd, attr, size);
+	return ensure_good_fd(fd);
+}
+
 static inline int sys_bpf_prog_load(union bpf_attr *attr, unsigned int size)
 {
 	int retries = 5;
 	int fd;
 
 	do {
-		fd = sys_bpf(BPF_PROG_LOAD, attr, size);
+		fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_PROG_LOAD, attr, size);
 	} while (fd < 0 && errno == EAGAIN && retries-- > 0);
 
 	return fd;
 }
 
-int bpf_create_map_xattr(const struct bpf_create_map_attr *create_attr)
+int libbpf__bpf_create_map_xattr(const struct bpf_create_map_params *create_attr)
 {
 	union bpf_attr attr;
 	int fd;
@@ -102,11 +111,36 @@ int bpf_create_map_xattr(const struct bpf_create_map_attr *create_attr)
 			create_attr->btf_vmlinux_value_type_id;
 	else
 		attr.inner_map_fd = create_attr->inner_map_fd;
+	attr.map_extra = create_attr->map_extra;
 
-	fd = sys_bpf(BPF_MAP_CREATE, &attr, sizeof(attr));
+	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_MAP_CREATE, &attr, sizeof(attr));
 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
 }
 
+int bpf_create_map_xattr(const struct bpf_create_map_attr *create_attr)
+{
+	struct bpf_create_map_params p = {};
+
+	p.map_type = create_attr->map_type;
+	p.key_size = create_attr->key_size;
+	p.value_size = create_attr->value_size;
+	p.max_entries = create_attr->max_entries;
+	p.map_flags = create_attr->map_flags;
+	p.name = create_attr->name;
+	p.numa_node = create_attr->numa_node;
+	p.btf_fd = create_attr->btf_fd;
+	p.btf_key_type_id = create_attr->btf_key_type_id;
+	p.btf_value_type_id = create_attr->btf_value_type_id;
+	p.map_ifindex = create_attr->map_ifindex;
+	if (p.map_type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_STRUCT_OPS)
+		p.btf_vmlinux_value_type_id =
+			create_attr->btf_vmlinux_value_type_id;
+	else
+		p.inner_map_fd = create_attr->inner_map_fd;
+
+	return libbpf__bpf_create_map_xattr(&p);
+}
+
 int bpf_create_map_node(enum bpf_map_type map_type, const char *name,
 			int key_size, int value_size, int max_entries,
 			__u32 map_flags, int node)
@@ -181,7 +215,7 @@ int bpf_create_map_in_map_node(enum bpf_map_type map_type, const char *name,
 		attr.numa_node = node;
 	}
 
-	fd = sys_bpf(BPF_MAP_CREATE, &attr, sizeof(attr));
+	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_MAP_CREATE, &attr, sizeof(attr));
 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
 }
 
@@ -264,6 +298,7 @@ int libbpf__bpf_prog_load(const struct bpf_prog_load_params *load_attr)
 	attr.line_info_rec_size = load_attr->line_info_rec_size;
 	attr.line_info_cnt = load_attr->line_info_cnt;
 	attr.line_info = ptr_to_u64(load_attr->line_info);
+	attr.fd_array = ptr_to_u64(load_attr->fd_array);
 
 	if (load_attr->name)
 		memcpy(attr.prog_name, load_attr->name,
@@ -608,7 +643,7 @@ int bpf_obj_get(const char *pathname)
 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
 	attr.pathname = ptr_to_u64((void *)pathname);
 
-	fd = sys_bpf(BPF_OBJ_GET, &attr, sizeof(attr));
+	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_OBJ_GET, &attr, sizeof(attr));
 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
 }
 
@@ -719,7 +754,7 @@ int bpf_link_create(int prog_fd, int target_fd,
 		break;
 	}
 proceed:
-	fd = sys_bpf(BPF_LINK_CREATE, &attr, sizeof(attr));
+	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_LINK_CREATE, &attr, sizeof(attr));
 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
 }
 
@@ -762,7 +797,7 @@ int bpf_iter_create(int link_fd)
 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
 	attr.iter_create.link_fd = link_fd;
 
-	fd = sys_bpf(BPF_ITER_CREATE, &attr, sizeof(attr));
+	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_ITER_CREATE, &attr, sizeof(attr));
 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
 }
 
@@ -920,7 +955,7 @@ int bpf_prog_get_fd_by_id(__u32 id)
 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
 	attr.prog_id = id;
 
-	fd = sys_bpf(BPF_PROG_GET_FD_BY_ID, &attr, sizeof(attr));
+	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_PROG_GET_FD_BY_ID, &attr, sizeof(attr));
 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
 }
 
@@ -932,7 +967,7 @@ int bpf_map_get_fd_by_id(__u32 id)
 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
 	attr.map_id = id;
 
-	fd = sys_bpf(BPF_MAP_GET_FD_BY_ID, &attr, sizeof(attr));
+	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_MAP_GET_FD_BY_ID, &attr, sizeof(attr));
 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
 }
 
@@ -944,7 +979,7 @@ int bpf_btf_get_fd_by_id(__u32 id)
 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
 	attr.btf_id = id;
 
-	fd = sys_bpf(BPF_BTF_GET_FD_BY_ID, &attr, sizeof(attr));
+	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_BTF_GET_FD_BY_ID, &attr, sizeof(attr));
 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
 }
 
@@ -956,7 +991,7 @@ int bpf_link_get_fd_by_id(__u32 id)
 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
 	attr.link_id = id;
 
-	fd = sys_bpf(BPF_LINK_GET_FD_BY_ID, &attr, sizeof(attr));
+	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_LINK_GET_FD_BY_ID, &attr, sizeof(attr));
 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
 }
 
@@ -987,7 +1022,7 @@ int bpf_raw_tracepoint_open(const char *name, int prog_fd)
 	attr.raw_tracepoint.name = ptr_to_u64(name);
 	attr.raw_tracepoint.prog_fd = prog_fd;
 
-	fd = sys_bpf(BPF_RAW_TRACEPOINT_OPEN, &attr, sizeof(attr));
+	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_RAW_TRACEPOINT_OPEN, &attr, sizeof(attr));
 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
 }
 
@@ -1007,7 +1042,7 @@ retry:
 		attr.btf_log_buf = ptr_to_u64(log_buf);
 	}
 
-	fd = sys_bpf(BPF_BTF_LOAD, &attr, sizeof(attr));
+	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_BTF_LOAD, &attr, sizeof(attr));
 
 	if (fd < 0 && !do_log && log_buf && log_buf_size) {
 		do_log = true;
@@ -1049,7 +1084,7 @@ int bpf_enable_stats(enum bpf_stats_type type)
 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
 	attr.enable_stats.type = type;
 
-	fd = sys_bpf(BPF_ENABLE_STATS, &attr, sizeof(attr));
+	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_ENABLE_STATS, &attr, sizeof(attr));
 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
 }
 
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/bpf_core_read.h b/tools/lib/bpf/bpf_core_read.h
index 09ebe3db5f2f..e4aa9996a550 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/bpf_core_read.h
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/bpf_core_read.h
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ enum bpf_enum_value_kind {
 #define __CORE_RELO(src, field, info)					      \
 	__builtin_preserve_field_info((src)->field, BPF_FIELD_##info)
 
-#if __BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN
+#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
 #define __CORE_BITFIELD_PROBE_READ(dst, src, fld)			      \
 	bpf_probe_read_kernel(						      \
 			(void *)dst,				      \
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/bpf_gen_internal.h b/tools/lib/bpf/bpf_gen_internal.h
index 615400391e57..d26e5472fe50 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/bpf_gen_internal.h
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/bpf_gen_internal.h
@@ -7,6 +7,21 @@ struct ksym_relo_desc {
 	const char *name;
 	int kind;
 	int insn_idx;
+	bool is_weak;
+	bool is_typeless;
+};
+
+struct ksym_desc {
+	const char *name;
+	int ref;
+	int kind;
+	union {
+		/* used for kfunc */
+		int off;
+		/* used for typeless ksym */
+		bool typeless;
+	};
+	int insn;
 };
 
 struct bpf_gen {
@@ -24,18 +39,23 @@ struct bpf_gen {
 	int relo_cnt;
 	char attach_target[128];
 	int attach_kind;
+	struct ksym_desc *ksyms;
+	__u32 nr_ksyms;
+	int fd_array;
+	int nr_fd_array;
 };
 
 void bpf_gen__init(struct bpf_gen *gen, int log_level);
 int bpf_gen__finish(struct bpf_gen *gen);
 void bpf_gen__free(struct bpf_gen *gen);
 void bpf_gen__load_btf(struct bpf_gen *gen, const void *raw_data, __u32 raw_size);
-void bpf_gen__map_create(struct bpf_gen *gen, struct bpf_create_map_attr *map_attr, int map_idx);
+void bpf_gen__map_create(struct bpf_gen *gen, struct bpf_create_map_params *map_attr, int map_idx);
 struct bpf_prog_load_params;
 void bpf_gen__prog_load(struct bpf_gen *gen, struct bpf_prog_load_params *load_attr, int prog_idx);
 void bpf_gen__map_update_elem(struct bpf_gen *gen, int map_idx, void *value, __u32 value_size);
 void bpf_gen__map_freeze(struct bpf_gen *gen, int map_idx);
 void bpf_gen__record_attach_target(struct bpf_gen *gen, const char *name, enum bpf_attach_type type);
-void bpf_gen__record_extern(struct bpf_gen *gen, const char *name, int kind, int insn_idx);
+void bpf_gen__record_extern(struct bpf_gen *gen, const char *name, bool is_weak,
+			    bool is_typeless, int kind, int insn_idx);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/bpf_tracing.h b/tools/lib/bpf/bpf_tracing.h
index d6bfbe009296..db05a5937105 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/bpf_tracing.h
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/bpf_tracing.h
@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@
 #elif defined(__TARGET_ARCH_sparc)
 	#define bpf_target_sparc
 	#define bpf_target_defined
+#elif defined(__TARGET_ARCH_riscv)
+	#define bpf_target_riscv
+	#define bpf_target_defined
 #else
 
 /* Fall back to what the compiler says */
@@ -48,6 +51,9 @@
 #elif defined(__sparc__)
 	#define bpf_target_sparc
 	#define bpf_target_defined
+#elif defined(__riscv) && __riscv_xlen == 64
+	#define bpf_target_riscv
+	#define bpf_target_defined
 #endif /* no compiler target */
 
 #endif
@@ -288,6 +294,32 @@ struct pt_regs;
 #define PT_REGS_IP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), pc)
 #endif
 
+#elif defined(bpf_target_riscv)
+
+struct pt_regs;
+#define PT_REGS_RV const volatile struct user_regs_struct
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1(x) (((PT_REGS_RV *)(x))->a0)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2(x) (((PT_REGS_RV *)(x))->a1)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3(x) (((PT_REGS_RV *)(x))->a2)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4(x) (((PT_REGS_RV *)(x))->a3)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5(x) (((PT_REGS_RV *)(x))->a4)
+#define PT_REGS_RET(x) (((PT_REGS_RV *)(x))->ra)
+#define PT_REGS_FP(x) (((PT_REGS_RV *)(x))->s5)
+#define PT_REGS_RC(x) (((PT_REGS_RV *)(x))->a5)
+#define PT_REGS_SP(x) (((PT_REGS_RV *)(x))->sp)
+#define PT_REGS_IP(x) (((PT_REGS_RV *)(x))->epc)
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_RV *)(x), a0)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_RV *)(x), a1)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_RV *)(x), a2)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_RV *)(x), a3)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_RV *)(x), a4)
+#define PT_REGS_RET_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_RV *)(x), ra)
+#define PT_REGS_FP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_RV *)(x), fp)
+#define PT_REGS_RC_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_RV *)(x), a5)
+#define PT_REGS_SP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_RV *)(x), sp)
+#define PT_REGS_IP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_RV *)(x), epc)
+
 #endif
 
 #if defined(bpf_target_powerpc)
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/btf.c b/tools/lib/bpf/btf.c
index 6ad63e4d418a..7e4c5586bd87 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/btf.c
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/btf.c
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ struct btf {
 	 * representation is broken up into three independently allocated
 	 * memory regions to be able to modify them independently.
 	 * raw_data is nulled out at that point, but can be later allocated
-	 * and cached again if user calls btf__get_raw_data(), at which point
+	 * and cached again if user calls btf__raw_data(), at which point
 	 * raw_data will contain a contiguous copy of header, types, and
 	 * strings:
 	 *
@@ -189,12 +189,17 @@ int libbpf_ensure_mem(void **data, size_t *cap_cnt, size_t elem_sz, size_t need_
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void *btf_add_type_offs_mem(struct btf *btf, size_t add_cnt)
+{
+	return libbpf_add_mem((void **)&btf->type_offs, &btf->type_offs_cap, sizeof(__u32),
+			      btf->nr_types, BTF_MAX_NR_TYPES, add_cnt);
+}
+
 static int btf_add_type_idx_entry(struct btf *btf, __u32 type_off)
 {
 	__u32 *p;
 
-	p = libbpf_add_mem((void **)&btf->type_offs, &btf->type_offs_cap, sizeof(__u32),
-			   btf->nr_types, BTF_MAX_NR_TYPES, 1);
+	p = btf_add_type_offs_mem(btf, 1);
 	if (!p)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
@@ -231,17 +236,23 @@ static int btf_parse_hdr(struct btf *btf)
 		}
 		btf_bswap_hdr(hdr);
 	} else if (hdr->magic != BTF_MAGIC) {
-		pr_debug("Invalid BTF magic:%x\n", hdr->magic);
+		pr_debug("Invalid BTF magic: %x\n", hdr->magic);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (btf->raw_size < hdr->hdr_len) {
+		pr_debug("BTF header len %u larger than data size %u\n",
+			 hdr->hdr_len, btf->raw_size);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
-	meta_left = btf->raw_size - sizeof(*hdr);
-	if (meta_left < hdr->str_off + hdr->str_len) {
-		pr_debug("Invalid BTF total size:%u\n", btf->raw_size);
+	meta_left = btf->raw_size - hdr->hdr_len;
+	if (meta_left < (long long)hdr->str_off + hdr->str_len) {
+		pr_debug("Invalid BTF total size: %u\n", btf->raw_size);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
-	if (hdr->type_off + hdr->type_len > hdr->str_off) {
+	if ((long long)hdr->type_off + hdr->type_len > hdr->str_off) {
 		pr_debug("Invalid BTF data sections layout: type data at %u + %u, strings data at %u + %u\n",
 			 hdr->type_off, hdr->type_len, hdr->str_off, hdr->str_len);
 		return -EINVAL;
@@ -304,8 +315,8 @@ static int btf_type_size(const struct btf_type *t)
 		return base_size + sizeof(struct btf_var);
 	case BTF_KIND_DATASEC:
 		return base_size + vlen * sizeof(struct btf_var_secinfo);
-	case BTF_KIND_TAG:
-		return base_size + sizeof(struct btf_tag);
+	case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:
+		return base_size + sizeof(struct btf_decl_tag);
 	default:
 		pr_debug("Unsupported BTF_KIND:%u\n", btf_kind(t));
 		return -EINVAL;
@@ -378,8 +389,8 @@ static int btf_bswap_type_rest(struct btf_type *t)
 			v->size = bswap_32(v->size);
 		}
 		return 0;
-	case BTF_KIND_TAG:
-		btf_tag(t)->component_idx = bswap_32(btf_tag(t)->component_idx);
+	case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:
+		btf_decl_tag(t)->component_idx = bswap_32(btf_decl_tag(t)->component_idx);
 		return 0;
 	default:
 		pr_debug("Unsupported BTF_KIND:%u\n", btf_kind(t));
@@ -430,6 +441,11 @@ __u32 btf__get_nr_types(const struct btf *btf)
 	return btf->start_id + btf->nr_types - 1;
 }
 
+__u32 btf__type_cnt(const struct btf *btf)
+{
+	return btf->start_id + btf->nr_types;
+}
+
 const struct btf *btf__base_btf(const struct btf *btf)
 {
 	return btf->base_btf;
@@ -461,8 +477,8 @@ static int determine_ptr_size(const struct btf *btf)
 	if (btf->base_btf && btf->base_btf->ptr_sz > 0)
 		return btf->base_btf->ptr_sz;
 
-	n = btf__get_nr_types(btf);
-	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
+	n = btf__type_cnt(btf);
+	for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 		t = btf__type_by_id(btf, i);
 		if (!btf_is_int(t))
 			continue;
@@ -522,9 +538,9 @@ int btf__set_pointer_size(struct btf *btf, size_t ptr_sz)
 
 static bool is_host_big_endian(void)
 {
-#if __BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN
+#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
 	return false;
-#elif __BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN
+#elif __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
 	return true;
 #else
 # error "Unrecognized __BYTE_ORDER__"
@@ -591,7 +607,7 @@ __s64 btf__resolve_size(const struct btf *btf, __u32 type_id)
 		case BTF_KIND_CONST:
 		case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT:
 		case BTF_KIND_VAR:
-		case BTF_KIND_TAG:
+		case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:
 			type_id = t->type;
 			break;
 		case BTF_KIND_ARRAY:
@@ -679,12 +695,12 @@ int btf__resolve_type(const struct btf *btf, __u32 type_id)
 
 __s32 btf__find_by_name(const struct btf *btf, const char *type_name)
 {
-	__u32 i, nr_types = btf__get_nr_types(btf);
+	__u32 i, nr_types = btf__type_cnt(btf);
 
 	if (!strcmp(type_name, "void"))
 		return 0;
 
-	for (i = 1; i <= nr_types; i++) {
+	for (i = 1; i < nr_types; i++) {
 		const struct btf_type *t = btf__type_by_id(btf, i);
 		const char *name = btf__name_by_offset(btf, t->name_off);
 
@@ -695,15 +711,15 @@ __s32 btf__find_by_name(const struct btf *btf, const char *type_name)
 	return libbpf_err(-ENOENT);
 }
 
-__s32 btf__find_by_name_kind(const struct btf *btf, const char *type_name,
-			     __u32 kind)
+static __s32 btf_find_by_name_kind(const struct btf *btf, int start_id,
+				   const char *type_name, __u32 kind)
 {
-	__u32 i, nr_types = btf__get_nr_types(btf);
+	__u32 i, nr_types = btf__type_cnt(btf);
 
 	if (kind == BTF_KIND_UNKN || !strcmp(type_name, "void"))
 		return 0;
 
-	for (i = 1; i <= nr_types; i++) {
+	for (i = start_id; i < nr_types; i++) {
 		const struct btf_type *t = btf__type_by_id(btf, i);
 		const char *name;
 
@@ -717,6 +733,18 @@ __s32 btf__find_by_name_kind(const struct btf *btf, const char *type_name,
 	return libbpf_err(-ENOENT);
 }
 
+__s32 btf__find_by_name_kind_own(const struct btf *btf, const char *type_name,
+				 __u32 kind)
+{
+	return btf_find_by_name_kind(btf, btf->start_id, type_name, kind);
+}
+
+__s32 btf__find_by_name_kind(const struct btf *btf, const char *type_name,
+			     __u32 kind)
+{
+	return btf_find_by_name_kind(btf, 1, type_name, kind);
+}
+
 static bool btf_is_modifiable(const struct btf *btf)
 {
 	return (void *)btf->hdr != btf->raw_data;
@@ -764,7 +792,7 @@ static struct btf *btf_new_empty(struct btf *base_btf)
 
 	if (base_btf) {
 		btf->base_btf = base_btf;
-		btf->start_id = btf__get_nr_types(base_btf) + 1;
+		btf->start_id = btf__type_cnt(base_btf);
 		btf->start_str_off = base_btf->hdr->str_len;
 	}
 
@@ -814,7 +842,7 @@ static struct btf *btf_new(const void *data, __u32 size, struct btf *base_btf)
 
 	if (base_btf) {
 		btf->base_btf = base_btf;
-		btf->start_id = btf__get_nr_types(base_btf) + 1;
+		btf->start_id = btf__type_cnt(base_btf);
 		btf->start_str_off = base_btf->hdr->str_len;
 	}
 
@@ -869,7 +897,7 @@ static struct btf *btf_parse_elf(const char *path, struct btf *base_btf,
 		return ERR_PTR(-LIBBPF_ERRNO__LIBELF);
 	}
 
-	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
+	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
 	if (fd < 0) {
 		err = -errno;
 		pr_warn("failed to open %s: %s\n", path, strerror(errno));
@@ -1090,99 +1118,6 @@ struct btf *btf__parse_split(const char *path, struct btf *base_btf)
 	return libbpf_ptr(btf_parse(path, base_btf, NULL));
 }
 
-static int compare_vsi_off(const void *_a, const void *_b)
-{
-	const struct btf_var_secinfo *a = _a;
-	const struct btf_var_secinfo *b = _b;
-
-	return a->offset - b->offset;
-}
-
-static int btf_fixup_datasec(struct bpf_object *obj, struct btf *btf,
-			     struct btf_type *t)
-{
-	__u32 size = 0, off = 0, i, vars = btf_vlen(t);
-	const char *name = btf__name_by_offset(btf, t->name_off);
-	const struct btf_type *t_var;
-	struct btf_var_secinfo *vsi;
-	const struct btf_var *var;
-	int ret;
-
-	if (!name) {
-		pr_debug("No name found in string section for DATASEC kind.\n");
-		return -ENOENT;
-	}
-
-	/* .extern datasec size and var offsets were set correctly during
-	 * extern collection step, so just skip straight to sorting variables
-	 */
-	if (t->size)
-		goto sort_vars;
-
-	ret = bpf_object__section_size(obj, name, &size);
-	if (ret || !size || (t->size && t->size != size)) {
-		pr_debug("Invalid size for section %s: %u bytes\n", name, size);
-		return -ENOENT;
-	}
-
-	t->size = size;
-
-	for (i = 0, vsi = btf_var_secinfos(t); i < vars; i++, vsi++) {
-		t_var = btf__type_by_id(btf, vsi->type);
-		var = btf_var(t_var);
-
-		if (!btf_is_var(t_var)) {
-			pr_debug("Non-VAR type seen in section %s\n", name);
-			return -EINVAL;
-		}
-
-		if (var->linkage == BTF_VAR_STATIC)
-			continue;
-
-		name = btf__name_by_offset(btf, t_var->name_off);
-		if (!name) {
-			pr_debug("No name found in string section for VAR kind\n");
-			return -ENOENT;
-		}
-
-		ret = bpf_object__variable_offset(obj, name, &off);
-		if (ret) {
-			pr_debug("No offset found in symbol table for VAR %s\n",
-				 name);
-			return -ENOENT;
-		}
-
-		vsi->offset = off;
-	}
-
-sort_vars:
-	qsort(btf_var_secinfos(t), vars, sizeof(*vsi), compare_vsi_off);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int btf__finalize_data(struct bpf_object *obj, struct btf *btf)
-{
-	int err = 0;
-	__u32 i;
-
-	for (i = 1; i <= btf->nr_types; i++) {
-		struct btf_type *t = btf_type_by_id(btf, i);
-
-		/* Loader needs to fix up some of the things compiler
-		 * couldn't get its hands on while emitting BTF. This
-		 * is section size and global variable offset. We use
-		 * the info from the ELF itself for this purpose.
-		 */
-		if (btf_is_datasec(t)) {
-			err = btf_fixup_datasec(obj, btf, t);
-			if (err)
-				break;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return libbpf_err(err);
-}
-
 static void *btf_get_raw_data(const struct btf *btf, __u32 *size, bool swap_endian);
 
 int btf__load_into_kernel(struct btf *btf)
@@ -1300,7 +1235,7 @@ err_out:
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-const void *btf__get_raw_data(const struct btf *btf_ro, __u32 *size)
+const void *btf__raw_data(const struct btf *btf_ro, __u32 *size)
 {
 	struct btf *btf = (struct btf *)btf_ro;
 	__u32 data_sz;
@@ -1308,7 +1243,7 @@ const void *btf__get_raw_data(const struct btf *btf_ro, __u32 *size)
 
 	data = btf_get_raw_data(btf, &data_sz, btf->swapped_endian);
 	if (!data)
-		return errno = -ENOMEM, NULL;
+		return errno = ENOMEM, NULL;
 
 	btf->raw_size = data_sz;
 	if (btf->swapped_endian)
@@ -1319,6 +1254,9 @@ const void *btf__get_raw_data(const struct btf *btf_ro, __u32 *size)
 	return data;
 }
 
+__attribute__((alias("btf__raw_data")))
+const void *btf__get_raw_data(const struct btf *btf, __u32 *size);
+
 const char *btf__str_by_offset(const struct btf *btf, __u32 offset)
 {
 	if (offset < btf->start_str_off)
@@ -1691,6 +1629,111 @@ int btf__add_type(struct btf *btf, const struct btf *src_btf, const struct btf_t
 	return btf_commit_type(btf, sz);
 }
 
+static int btf_rewrite_type_ids(__u32 *type_id, void *ctx)
+{
+	struct btf *btf = ctx;
+
+	if (!*type_id) /* nothing to do for VOID references */
+		return 0;
+
+	/* we haven't updated btf's type count yet, so
+	 * btf->start_id + btf->nr_types - 1 is the type ID offset we should
+	 * add to all newly added BTF types
+	 */
+	*type_id += btf->start_id + btf->nr_types - 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int btf__add_btf(struct btf *btf, const struct btf *src_btf)
+{
+	struct btf_pipe p = { .src = src_btf, .dst = btf };
+	int data_sz, sz, cnt, i, err, old_strs_len;
+	__u32 *off;
+	void *t;
+
+	/* appending split BTF isn't supported yet */
+	if (src_btf->base_btf)
+		return libbpf_err(-ENOTSUP);
+
+	/* deconstruct BTF, if necessary, and invalidate raw_data */
+	if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
+		return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
+
+	/* remember original strings section size if we have to roll back
+	 * partial strings section changes
+	 */
+	old_strs_len = btf->hdr->str_len;
+
+	data_sz = src_btf->hdr->type_len;
+	cnt = btf__type_cnt(src_btf) - 1;
+
+	/* pre-allocate enough memory for new types */
+	t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, data_sz);
+	if (!t)
+		return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
+
+	/* pre-allocate enough memory for type offset index for new types */
+	off = btf_add_type_offs_mem(btf, cnt);
+	if (!off)
+		return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
+
+	/* bulk copy types data for all types from src_btf */
+	memcpy(t, src_btf->types_data, data_sz);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
+		sz = btf_type_size(t);
+		if (sz < 0) {
+			/* unlikely, has to be corrupted src_btf */
+			err = sz;
+			goto err_out;
+		}
+
+		/* fill out type ID to type offset mapping for lookups by type ID */
+		*off = t - btf->types_data;
+
+		/* add, dedup, and remap strings referenced by this BTF type */
+		err = btf_type_visit_str_offs(t, btf_rewrite_str, &p);
+		if (err)
+			goto err_out;
+
+		/* remap all type IDs referenced from this BTF type */
+		err = btf_type_visit_type_ids(t, btf_rewrite_type_ids, btf);
+		if (err)
+			goto err_out;
+
+		/* go to next type data and type offset index entry */
+		t += sz;
+		off++;
+	}
+
+	/* Up until now any of the copied type data was effectively invisible,
+	 * so if we exited early before this point due to error, BTF would be
+	 * effectively unmodified. There would be extra internal memory
+	 * pre-allocated, but it would not be available for querying.  But now
+	 * that we've copied and rewritten all the data successfully, we can
+	 * update type count and various internal offsets and sizes to
+	 * "commit" the changes and made them visible to the outside world.
+	 */
+	btf->hdr->type_len += data_sz;
+	btf->hdr->str_off += data_sz;
+	btf->nr_types += cnt;
+
+	/* return type ID of the first added BTF type */
+	return btf->start_id + btf->nr_types - cnt;
+err_out:
+	/* zero out preallocated memory as if it was just allocated with
+	 * libbpf_add_mem()
+	 */
+	memset(btf->types_data + btf->hdr->type_len, 0, data_sz);
+	memset(btf->strs_data + old_strs_len, 0, btf->hdr->str_len - old_strs_len);
+
+	/* and now restore original strings section size; types data size
+	 * wasn't modified, so doesn't need restoring, see big comment above */
+	btf->hdr->str_len = old_strs_len;
+
+	return libbpf_err(err);
+}
+
 /*
  * Append new BTF_KIND_INT type with:
  *   - *name* - non-empty, non-NULL type name;
@@ -1939,7 +1982,7 @@ int btf__add_union(struct btf *btf, const char *name, __u32 byte_sz)
 
 static struct btf_type *btf_last_type(struct btf *btf)
 {
-	return btf_type_by_id(btf, btf__get_nr_types(btf));
+	return btf_type_by_id(btf, btf__type_cnt(btf) - 1);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2447,7 +2490,7 @@ int btf__add_datasec_var_info(struct btf *btf, int var_type_id, __u32 offset, __
 }
 
 /*
- * Append new BTF_KIND_TAG type with:
+ * Append new BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG type with:
  *   - *value* - non-empty/non-NULL string;
  *   - *ref_type_id* - referenced type ID, it might not exist yet;
  *   - *component_idx* - -1 for tagging reference type, otherwise struct/union
@@ -2456,7 +2499,7 @@ int btf__add_datasec_var_info(struct btf *btf, int var_type_id, __u32 offset, __
  *   - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
  *   - <0, on error.
  */
-int btf__add_tag(struct btf *btf, const char *value, int ref_type_id,
+int btf__add_decl_tag(struct btf *btf, const char *value, int ref_type_id,
 		 int component_idx)
 {
 	struct btf_type *t;
@@ -2471,7 +2514,7 @@ int btf__add_tag(struct btf *btf, const char *value, int ref_type_id,
 	if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
 		return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
 
-	sz = sizeof(struct btf_type) + sizeof(struct btf_tag);
+	sz = sizeof(struct btf_type) + sizeof(struct btf_decl_tag);
 	t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz);
 	if (!t)
 		return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
@@ -2481,9 +2524,9 @@ int btf__add_tag(struct btf *btf, const char *value, int ref_type_id,
 		return value_off;
 
 	t->name_off = value_off;
-	t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_TAG, 0, false);
+	t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG, 0, false);
 	t->type = ref_type_id;
-	btf_tag(t)->component_idx = component_idx;
+	btf_decl_tag(t)->component_idx = component_idx;
 
 	return btf_commit_type(btf, sz);
 }
@@ -2962,8 +3005,10 @@ int btf__dedup(struct btf *btf, struct btf_ext *btf_ext,
 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
 	}
 
-	if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
-		return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
+	if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) {
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		goto done;
+	}
 
 	err = btf_dedup_prep(d);
 	if (err) {
@@ -3143,7 +3188,7 @@ static struct btf_dedup *btf_dedup_new(struct btf *btf, struct btf_ext *btf_ext,
 		goto done;
 	}
 
-	type_cnt = btf__get_nr_types(btf) + 1;
+	type_cnt = btf__type_cnt(btf);
 	d->map = malloc(sizeof(__u32) * type_cnt);
 	if (!d->map) {
 		err = -ENOMEM;
@@ -3305,7 +3350,7 @@ static bool btf_equal_common(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2)
 }
 
 /* Calculate type signature hash of INT or TAG. */
-static long btf_hash_int_tag(struct btf_type *t)
+static long btf_hash_int_decl_tag(struct btf_type *t)
 {
 	__u32 info = *(__u32 *)(t + 1);
 	long h;
@@ -3583,8 +3628,8 @@ static int btf_dedup_prep(struct btf_dedup *d)
 			h = btf_hash_common(t);
 			break;
 		case BTF_KIND_INT:
-		case BTF_KIND_TAG:
-			h = btf_hash_int_tag(t);
+		case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:
+			h = btf_hash_int_decl_tag(t);
 			break;
 		case BTF_KIND_ENUM:
 			h = btf_hash_enum(t);
@@ -3639,11 +3684,11 @@ static int btf_dedup_prim_type(struct btf_dedup *d, __u32 type_id)
 	case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO:
 	case BTF_KIND_VAR:
 	case BTF_KIND_DATASEC:
-	case BTF_KIND_TAG:
+	case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:
 		return 0;
 
 	case BTF_KIND_INT:
-		h = btf_hash_int_tag(t);
+		h = btf_hash_int_decl_tag(t);
 		for_each_dedup_cand(d, hash_entry, h) {
 			cand_id = (__u32)(long)hash_entry->value;
 			cand = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id);
@@ -4260,13 +4305,13 @@ static int btf_dedup_ref_type(struct btf_dedup *d, __u32 type_id)
 		}
 		break;
 
-	case BTF_KIND_TAG:
+	case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:
 		ref_type_id = btf_dedup_ref_type(d, t->type);
 		if (ref_type_id < 0)
 			return ref_type_id;
 		t->type = ref_type_id;
 
-		h = btf_hash_int_tag(t);
+		h = btf_hash_int_decl_tag(t);
 		for_each_dedup_cand(d, hash_entry, h) {
 			cand_id = (__u32)(long)hash_entry->value;
 			cand = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id);
@@ -4549,7 +4594,7 @@ int btf_type_visit_type_ids(struct btf_type *t, type_id_visit_fn visit, void *ct
 	case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:
 	case BTF_KIND_FUNC:
 	case BTF_KIND_VAR:
-	case BTF_KIND_TAG:
+	case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:
 		return visit(&t->type, ctx);
 
 	case BTF_KIND_ARRAY: {
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/btf.h b/tools/lib/bpf/btf.h
index 2cfe31327920..bc005ba3ceec 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/btf.h
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/btf.h
@@ -123,6 +123,7 @@ LIBBPF_API struct btf *btf__load_from_kernel_by_id_split(__u32 id, struct btf *b
 LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 6, "use btf__load_from_kernel_by_id instead")
 LIBBPF_API int btf__get_from_id(__u32 id, struct btf **btf);
 
+LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 6, "intended for internal libbpf use only")
 LIBBPF_API int btf__finalize_data(struct bpf_object *obj, struct btf *btf);
 LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 6, "use btf__load_into_kernel instead")
 LIBBPF_API int btf__load(struct btf *btf);
@@ -131,7 +132,9 @@ LIBBPF_API __s32 btf__find_by_name(const struct btf *btf,
 				   const char *type_name);
 LIBBPF_API __s32 btf__find_by_name_kind(const struct btf *btf,
 					const char *type_name, __u32 kind);
+LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "use btf__type_cnt() instead; note that btf__get_nr_types() == btf__type_cnt() - 1")
 LIBBPF_API __u32 btf__get_nr_types(const struct btf *btf);
+LIBBPF_API __u32 btf__type_cnt(const struct btf *btf);
 LIBBPF_API const struct btf *btf__base_btf(const struct btf *btf);
 LIBBPF_API const struct btf_type *btf__type_by_id(const struct btf *btf,
 						  __u32 id);
@@ -144,7 +147,9 @@ LIBBPF_API int btf__resolve_type(const struct btf *btf, __u32 type_id);
 LIBBPF_API int btf__align_of(const struct btf *btf, __u32 id);
 LIBBPF_API int btf__fd(const struct btf *btf);
 LIBBPF_API void btf__set_fd(struct btf *btf, int fd);
+LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "use btf__raw_data() instead")
 LIBBPF_API const void *btf__get_raw_data(const struct btf *btf, __u32 *size);
+LIBBPF_API const void *btf__raw_data(const struct btf *btf, __u32 *size);
 LIBBPF_API const char *btf__name_by_offset(const struct btf *btf, __u32 offset);
 LIBBPF_API const char *btf__str_by_offset(const struct btf *btf, __u32 offset);
 LIBBPF_API int btf__get_map_kv_tids(const struct btf *btf, const char *map_name,
@@ -173,6 +178,28 @@ LIBBPF_API int btf__find_str(struct btf *btf, const char *s);
 LIBBPF_API int btf__add_str(struct btf *btf, const char *s);
 LIBBPF_API int btf__add_type(struct btf *btf, const struct btf *src_btf,
 			     const struct btf_type *src_type);
+/**
+ * @brief **btf__add_btf()** appends all the BTF types from *src_btf* into *btf*
+ * @param btf BTF object which all the BTF types and strings are added to
+ * @param src_btf BTF object which all BTF types and referenced strings are copied from
+ * @return BTF type ID of the first appended BTF type, or negative error code
+ *
+ * **btf__add_btf()** can be used to simply and efficiently append the entire
+ * contents of one BTF object to another one. All the BTF type data is copied
+ * over, all referenced type IDs are adjusted by adding a necessary ID offset.
+ * Only strings referenced from BTF types are copied over and deduplicated, so
+ * if there were some unused strings in *src_btf*, those won't be copied over,
+ * which is consistent with the general string deduplication semantics of BTF
+ * writing APIs.
+ *
+ * If any error is encountered during this process, the contents of *btf* is
+ * left intact, which means that **btf__add_btf()** follows the transactional
+ * semantics and the operation as a whole is all-or-nothing.
+ *
+ * *src_btf* has to be non-split BTF, as of now copying types from split BTF
+ * is not supported and will result in -ENOTSUP error code returned.
+ */
+LIBBPF_API int btf__add_btf(struct btf *btf, const struct btf *src_btf);
 
 LIBBPF_API int btf__add_int(struct btf *btf, const char *name, size_t byte_sz, int encoding);
 LIBBPF_API int btf__add_float(struct btf *btf, const char *name, size_t byte_sz);
@@ -214,7 +241,7 @@ LIBBPF_API int btf__add_datasec_var_info(struct btf *btf, int var_type_id,
 					 __u32 offset, __u32 byte_sz);
 
 /* tag construction API */
-LIBBPF_API int btf__add_tag(struct btf *btf, const char *value, int ref_type_id,
+LIBBPF_API int btf__add_decl_tag(struct btf *btf, const char *value, int ref_type_id,
 			    int component_idx);
 
 struct btf_dedup_opts {
@@ -404,9 +431,9 @@ static inline bool btf_is_float(const struct btf_type *t)
 	return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_FLOAT;
 }
 
-static inline bool btf_is_tag(const struct btf_type *t)
+static inline bool btf_is_decl_tag(const struct btf_type *t)
 {
-	return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_TAG;
+	return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG;
 }
 
 static inline __u8 btf_int_encoding(const struct btf_type *t)
@@ -477,10 +504,10 @@ btf_var_secinfos(const struct btf_type *t)
 	return (struct btf_var_secinfo *)(t + 1);
 }
 
-struct btf_tag;
-static inline struct btf_tag *btf_tag(const struct btf_type *t)
+struct btf_decl_tag;
+static inline struct btf_decl_tag *btf_decl_tag(const struct btf_type *t)
 {
-	return (struct btf_tag *)(t + 1);
+	return (struct btf_decl_tag *)(t + 1);
 }
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/btf_dump.c b/tools/lib/bpf/btf_dump.c
index ad6df97295ae..17db62b5002e 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/btf_dump.c
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/btf_dump.c
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ err:
 
 static int btf_dump_resize(struct btf_dump *d)
 {
-	int err, last_id = btf__get_nr_types(d->btf);
+	int err, last_id = btf__type_cnt(d->btf) - 1;
 
 	if (last_id <= d->last_id)
 		return 0;
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ int btf_dump__dump_type(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id)
 {
 	int err, i;
 
-	if (id > btf__get_nr_types(d->btf))
+	if (id >= btf__type_cnt(d->btf))
 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
 
 	err = btf_dump_resize(d);
@@ -294,11 +294,11 @@ int btf_dump__dump_type(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id)
  */
 static int btf_dump_mark_referenced(struct btf_dump *d)
 {
-	int i, j, n = btf__get_nr_types(d->btf);
+	int i, j, n = btf__type_cnt(d->btf);
 	const struct btf_type *t;
 	__u16 vlen;
 
-	for (i = d->last_id + 1; i <= n; i++) {
+	for (i = d->last_id + 1; i < n; i++) {
 		t = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, i);
 		vlen = btf_vlen(t);
 
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ static int btf_dump_mark_referenced(struct btf_dump *d)
 		case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:
 		case BTF_KIND_FUNC:
 		case BTF_KIND_VAR:
-		case BTF_KIND_TAG:
+		case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:
 			d->type_states[t->type].referenced = 1;
 			break;
 
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ static int btf_dump_order_type(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id, bool through_ptr)
 	case BTF_KIND_FUNC:
 	case BTF_KIND_VAR:
 	case BTF_KIND_DATASEC:
-	case BTF_KIND_TAG:
+	case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:
 		d->type_states[id].order_state = ORDERED;
 		return 0;
 
@@ -1562,29 +1562,28 @@ static int btf_dump_get_bitfield_value(struct btf_dump *d,
 				       __u64 *value)
 {
 	__u16 left_shift_bits, right_shift_bits;
-	__u8 nr_copy_bits, nr_copy_bytes;
 	const __u8 *bytes = data;
-	int sz = t->size;
+	__u8 nr_copy_bits;
 	__u64 num = 0;
 	int i;
 
 	/* Maximum supported bitfield size is 64 bits */
-	if (sz > 8) {
-		pr_warn("unexpected bitfield size %d\n", sz);
+	if (t->size > 8) {
+		pr_warn("unexpected bitfield size %d\n", t->size);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
 	/* Bitfield value retrieval is done in two steps; first relevant bytes are
 	 * stored in num, then we left/right shift num to eliminate irrelevant bits.
 	 */
-	nr_copy_bits = bit_sz + bits_offset;
-	nr_copy_bytes = t->size;
-#if __BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN
-	for (i = nr_copy_bytes - 1; i >= 0; i--)
+#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
+	for (i = t->size - 1; i >= 0; i--)
 		num = num * 256 + bytes[i];
-#elif __BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_copy_bytes; i++)
+	nr_copy_bits = bit_sz + bits_offset;
+#elif __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
+	for (i = 0; i < t->size; i++)
 		num = num * 256 + bytes[i];
+	nr_copy_bits = t->size * 8 - bits_offset;
 #else
 # error "Unrecognized __BYTE_ORDER__"
 #endif
@@ -1658,9 +1657,15 @@ static int btf_dump_base_type_check_zero(struct btf_dump *d,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static bool ptr_is_aligned(const void *data, int data_sz)
+static bool ptr_is_aligned(const struct btf *btf, __u32 type_id,
+			   const void *data)
 {
-	return ((uintptr_t)data) % data_sz == 0;
+	int alignment = btf__align_of(btf, type_id);
+
+	if (alignment == 0)
+		return false;
+
+	return ((uintptr_t)data) % alignment == 0;
 }
 
 static int btf_dump_int_data(struct btf_dump *d,
@@ -1671,9 +1676,10 @@ static int btf_dump_int_data(struct btf_dump *d,
 {
 	__u8 encoding = btf_int_encoding(t);
 	bool sign = encoding & BTF_INT_SIGNED;
+	char buf[16] __attribute__((aligned(16)));
 	int sz = t->size;
 
-	if (sz == 0) {
+	if (sz == 0 || sz > sizeof(buf)) {
 		pr_warn("unexpected size %d for id [%u]\n", sz, type_id);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
@@ -1681,8 +1687,10 @@ static int btf_dump_int_data(struct btf_dump *d,
 	/* handle packed int data - accesses of integers not aligned on
 	 * int boundaries can cause problems on some platforms.
 	 */
-	if (!ptr_is_aligned(data, sz))
-		return btf_dump_bitfield_data(d, t, data, 0, 0);
+	if (!ptr_is_aligned(d->btf, type_id, data)) {
+		memcpy(buf, data, sz);
+		data = buf;
+	}
 
 	switch (sz) {
 	case 16: {
@@ -1692,10 +1700,10 @@ static int btf_dump_int_data(struct btf_dump *d,
 		/* avoid use of __int128 as some 32-bit platforms do not
 		 * support it.
 		 */
-#if __BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN
+#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
 		lsi = ints[0];
 		msi = ints[1];
-#elif __BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN
+#elif __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
 		lsi = ints[1];
 		msi = ints[0];
 #else
@@ -1768,7 +1776,7 @@ static int btf_dump_float_data(struct btf_dump *d,
 	int sz = t->size;
 
 	/* handle unaligned data; copy to local union */
-	if (!ptr_is_aligned(data, sz)) {
+	if (!ptr_is_aligned(d->btf, type_id, data)) {
 		memcpy(&fl, data, sz);
 		flp = &fl;
 	}
@@ -1931,7 +1939,7 @@ static int btf_dump_ptr_data(struct btf_dump *d,
 			      __u32 id,
 			      const void *data)
 {
-	if (ptr_is_aligned(data, d->ptr_sz) && d->ptr_sz == sizeof(void *)) {
+	if (ptr_is_aligned(d->btf, id, data) && d->ptr_sz == sizeof(void *)) {
 		btf_dump_type_values(d, "%p", *(void **)data);
 	} else {
 		union ptr_data pt;
@@ -1951,10 +1959,8 @@ static int btf_dump_get_enum_value(struct btf_dump *d,
 				   __u32 id,
 				   __s64 *value)
 {
-	int sz = t->size;
-
 	/* handle unaligned enum value */
-	if (!ptr_is_aligned(data, sz)) {
+	if (!ptr_is_aligned(d->btf, id, data)) {
 		__u64 val;
 		int err;
 
@@ -2217,7 +2223,7 @@ static int btf_dump_dump_type_data(struct btf_dump *d,
 	case BTF_KIND_FWD:
 	case BTF_KIND_FUNC:
 	case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO:
-	case BTF_KIND_TAG:
+	case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:
 		err = btf_dump_unsupported_data(d, t, id);
 		break;
 	case BTF_KIND_INT:
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/gen_loader.c b/tools/lib/bpf/gen_loader.c
index 80087b13877f..502dea53a742 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/gen_loader.c
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/gen_loader.c
@@ -13,9 +13,12 @@
 #include "hashmap.h"
 #include "bpf_gen_internal.h"
 #include "skel_internal.h"
+#include <asm/byteorder.h>
 
-#define MAX_USED_MAPS 64
-#define MAX_USED_PROGS 32
+#define MAX_USED_MAPS	64
+#define MAX_USED_PROGS	32
+#define MAX_KFUNC_DESCS 256
+#define MAX_FD_ARRAY_SZ (MAX_USED_PROGS + MAX_KFUNC_DESCS)
 
 /* The following structure describes the stack layout of the loader program.
  * In addition R6 contains the pointer to context.
@@ -30,7 +33,6 @@
  */
 struct loader_stack {
 	__u32 btf_fd;
-	__u32 map_fd[MAX_USED_MAPS];
 	__u32 prog_fd[MAX_USED_PROGS];
 	__u32 inner_map_fd;
 };
@@ -143,13 +145,49 @@ static int add_data(struct bpf_gen *gen, const void *data, __u32 size)
 	if (realloc_data_buf(gen, size8))
 		return 0;
 	prev = gen->data_cur;
-	memcpy(gen->data_cur, data, size);
-	gen->data_cur += size;
-	memcpy(gen->data_cur, &zero, size8 - size);
-	gen->data_cur += size8 - size;
+	if (data) {
+		memcpy(gen->data_cur, data, size);
+		memcpy(gen->data_cur + size, &zero, size8 - size);
+	} else {
+		memset(gen->data_cur, 0, size8);
+	}
+	gen->data_cur += size8;
 	return prev - gen->data_start;
 }
 
+/* Get index for map_fd/btf_fd slot in reserved fd_array, or in data relative
+ * to start of fd_array. Caller can decide if it is usable or not.
+ */
+static int add_map_fd(struct bpf_gen *gen)
+{
+	if (!gen->fd_array)
+		gen->fd_array = add_data(gen, NULL, MAX_FD_ARRAY_SZ * sizeof(int));
+	if (gen->nr_maps == MAX_USED_MAPS) {
+		pr_warn("Total maps exceeds %d\n", MAX_USED_MAPS);
+		gen->error = -E2BIG;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return gen->nr_maps++;
+}
+
+static int add_kfunc_btf_fd(struct bpf_gen *gen)
+{
+	int cur;
+
+	if (!gen->fd_array)
+		gen->fd_array = add_data(gen, NULL, MAX_FD_ARRAY_SZ * sizeof(int));
+	if (gen->nr_fd_array == MAX_KFUNC_DESCS) {
+		cur = add_data(gen, NULL, sizeof(int));
+		return (cur - gen->fd_array) / sizeof(int);
+	}
+	return MAX_USED_MAPS + gen->nr_fd_array++;
+}
+
+static int blob_fd_array_off(struct bpf_gen *gen, int index)
+{
+	return gen->fd_array + index * sizeof(int);
+}
+
 static int insn_bytes_to_bpf_size(__u32 sz)
 {
 	switch (sz) {
@@ -171,14 +209,22 @@ static void emit_rel_store(struct bpf_gen *gen, int off, int data)
 	emit(gen, BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_DW, BPF_REG_1, BPF_REG_0, 0));
 }
 
-/* *(u64 *)(blob + off) = (u64)(void *)(%sp + stack_off) */
-static void emit_rel_store_sp(struct bpf_gen *gen, int off, int stack_off)
+static void move_blob2blob(struct bpf_gen *gen, int off, int size, int blob_off)
 {
-	emit(gen, BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_0, BPF_REG_10));
-	emit(gen, BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_ADD, BPF_REG_0, stack_off));
+	emit2(gen, BPF_LD_IMM64_RAW_FULL(BPF_REG_2, BPF_PSEUDO_MAP_IDX_VALUE,
+					 0, 0, 0, blob_off));
+	emit(gen, BPF_LDX_MEM(insn_bytes_to_bpf_size(size), BPF_REG_0, BPF_REG_2, 0));
 	emit2(gen, BPF_LD_IMM64_RAW_FULL(BPF_REG_1, BPF_PSEUDO_MAP_IDX_VALUE,
 					 0, 0, 0, off));
-	emit(gen, BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_DW, BPF_REG_1, BPF_REG_0, 0));
+	emit(gen, BPF_STX_MEM(insn_bytes_to_bpf_size(size), BPF_REG_1, BPF_REG_0, 0));
+}
+
+static void move_blob2ctx(struct bpf_gen *gen, int ctx_off, int size, int blob_off)
+{
+	emit2(gen, BPF_LD_IMM64_RAW_FULL(BPF_REG_1, BPF_PSEUDO_MAP_IDX_VALUE,
+					 0, 0, 0, blob_off));
+	emit(gen, BPF_LDX_MEM(insn_bytes_to_bpf_size(size), BPF_REG_0, BPF_REG_1, 0));
+	emit(gen, BPF_STX_MEM(insn_bytes_to_bpf_size(size), BPF_REG_6, BPF_REG_0, ctx_off));
 }
 
 static void move_ctx2blob(struct bpf_gen *gen, int off, int size, int ctx_off,
@@ -326,11 +372,11 @@ int bpf_gen__finish(struct bpf_gen *gen)
 			       offsetof(struct bpf_prog_desc, prog_fd), 4,
 			       stack_off(prog_fd[i]));
 	for (i = 0; i < gen->nr_maps; i++)
-		move_stack2ctx(gen,
-			       sizeof(struct bpf_loader_ctx) +
-			       sizeof(struct bpf_map_desc) * i +
-			       offsetof(struct bpf_map_desc, map_fd), 4,
-			       stack_off(map_fd[i]));
+		move_blob2ctx(gen,
+			      sizeof(struct bpf_loader_ctx) +
+			      sizeof(struct bpf_map_desc) * i +
+			      offsetof(struct bpf_map_desc, map_fd), 4,
+			      blob_fd_array_off(gen, i));
 	emit(gen, BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_0, 0));
 	emit(gen, BPF_EXIT_INSN());
 	pr_debug("gen: finish %d\n", gen->error);
@@ -386,11 +432,11 @@ void bpf_gen__load_btf(struct bpf_gen *gen, const void *btf_raw_data,
 }
 
 void bpf_gen__map_create(struct bpf_gen *gen,
-			 struct bpf_create_map_attr *map_attr, int map_idx)
+			 struct bpf_create_map_params *map_attr, int map_idx)
 {
 	int attr_size = offsetofend(union bpf_attr, btf_vmlinux_value_type_id);
 	bool close_inner_map_fd = false;
-	int map_create_attr;
+	int map_create_attr, idx;
 	union bpf_attr attr;
 
 	memset(&attr, 0, attr_size);
@@ -398,6 +444,7 @@ void bpf_gen__map_create(struct bpf_gen *gen,
 	attr.key_size = map_attr->key_size;
 	attr.value_size = map_attr->value_size;
 	attr.map_flags = map_attr->map_flags;
+	attr.map_extra = map_attr->map_extra;
 	memcpy(attr.map_name, map_attr->name,
 	       min((unsigned)strlen(map_attr->name), BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN - 1));
 	attr.numa_node = map_attr->numa_node;
@@ -467,9 +514,11 @@ void bpf_gen__map_create(struct bpf_gen *gen,
 		gen->error = -EDOM; /* internal bug */
 		return;
 	} else {
-		emit(gen, BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_10, BPF_REG_7,
-				      stack_off(map_fd[map_idx])));
-		gen->nr_maps++;
+		/* add_map_fd does gen->nr_maps++ */
+		idx = add_map_fd(gen);
+		emit2(gen, BPF_LD_IMM64_RAW_FULL(BPF_REG_1, BPF_PSEUDO_MAP_IDX_VALUE,
+						 0, 0, 0, blob_fd_array_off(gen, idx)));
+		emit(gen, BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_1, BPF_REG_7, 0));
 	}
 	if (close_inner_map_fd)
 		emit_sys_close_stack(gen, stack_off(inner_map_fd));
@@ -511,8 +560,8 @@ static void emit_find_attach_target(struct bpf_gen *gen)
 	 */
 }
 
-void bpf_gen__record_extern(struct bpf_gen *gen, const char *name, int kind,
-			    int insn_idx)
+void bpf_gen__record_extern(struct bpf_gen *gen, const char *name, bool is_weak,
+			    bool is_typeless, int kind, int insn_idx)
 {
 	struct ksym_relo_desc *relo;
 
@@ -524,38 +573,292 @@ void bpf_gen__record_extern(struct bpf_gen *gen, const char *name, int kind,
 	gen->relos = relo;
 	relo += gen->relo_cnt;
 	relo->name = name;
+	relo->is_weak = is_weak;
+	relo->is_typeless = is_typeless;
 	relo->kind = kind;
 	relo->insn_idx = insn_idx;
 	gen->relo_cnt++;
 }
 
-static void emit_relo(struct bpf_gen *gen, struct ksym_relo_desc *relo, int insns)
+/* returns existing ksym_desc with ref incremented, or inserts a new one */
+static struct ksym_desc *get_ksym_desc(struct bpf_gen *gen, struct ksym_relo_desc *relo)
 {
-	int name, insn, len = strlen(relo->name) + 1;
+	struct ksym_desc *kdesc;
 
-	pr_debug("gen: emit_relo: %s at %d\n", relo->name, relo->insn_idx);
-	name = add_data(gen, relo->name, len);
+	for (int i = 0; i < gen->nr_ksyms; i++) {
+		if (!strcmp(gen->ksyms[i].name, relo->name)) {
+			gen->ksyms[i].ref++;
+			return &gen->ksyms[i];
+		}
+	}
+	kdesc = libbpf_reallocarray(gen->ksyms, gen->nr_ksyms + 1, sizeof(*kdesc));
+	if (!kdesc) {
+		gen->error = -ENOMEM;
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	gen->ksyms = kdesc;
+	kdesc = &gen->ksyms[gen->nr_ksyms++];
+	kdesc->name = relo->name;
+	kdesc->kind = relo->kind;
+	kdesc->ref = 1;
+	kdesc->off = 0;
+	kdesc->insn = 0;
+	return kdesc;
+}
+
+/* Overwrites BPF_REG_{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7}
+ * Returns result in BPF_REG_7
+ */
+static void emit_bpf_find_by_name_kind(struct bpf_gen *gen, struct ksym_relo_desc *relo)
+{
+	int name_off, len = strlen(relo->name) + 1;
 
+	name_off = add_data(gen, relo->name, len);
 	emit2(gen, BPF_LD_IMM64_RAW_FULL(BPF_REG_1, BPF_PSEUDO_MAP_IDX_VALUE,
-					 0, 0, 0, name));
+					 0, 0, 0, name_off));
 	emit(gen, BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_2, len));
 	emit(gen, BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_3, relo->kind));
 	emit(gen, BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_4, 0));
 	emit(gen, BPF_EMIT_CALL(BPF_FUNC_btf_find_by_name_kind));
 	emit(gen, BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_7, BPF_REG_0));
 	debug_ret(gen, "find_by_name_kind(%s,%d)", relo->name, relo->kind);
-	emit_check_err(gen);
+}
+
+/* Overwrites BPF_REG_{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7}
+ * Returns result in BPF_REG_7
+ * Returns u64 symbol addr in BPF_REG_9
+ */
+static void emit_bpf_kallsyms_lookup_name(struct bpf_gen *gen, struct ksym_relo_desc *relo)
+{
+	int name_off, len = strlen(relo->name) + 1, res_off;
+
+	name_off = add_data(gen, relo->name, len);
+	res_off = add_data(gen, NULL, 8); /* res is u64 */
+	emit2(gen, BPF_LD_IMM64_RAW_FULL(BPF_REG_1, BPF_PSEUDO_MAP_IDX_VALUE,
+					 0, 0, 0, name_off));
+	emit(gen, BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_2, len));
+	emit(gen, BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_3, 0));
+	emit2(gen, BPF_LD_IMM64_RAW_FULL(BPF_REG_4, BPF_PSEUDO_MAP_IDX_VALUE,
+					 0, 0, 0, res_off));
+	emit(gen, BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_7, BPF_REG_4));
+	emit(gen, BPF_EMIT_CALL(BPF_FUNC_kallsyms_lookup_name));
+	emit(gen, BPF_LDX_MEM(BPF_DW, BPF_REG_9, BPF_REG_7, 0));
+	emit(gen, BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_7, BPF_REG_0));
+	debug_ret(gen, "kallsyms_lookup_name(%s,%d)", relo->name, relo->kind);
+}
+
+/* Expects:
+ * BPF_REG_8 - pointer to instruction
+ *
+ * We need to reuse BTF fd for same symbol otherwise each relocation takes a new
+ * index, while kernel limits total kfunc BTFs to 256. For duplicate symbols,
+ * this would mean a new BTF fd index for each entry. By pairing symbol name
+ * with index, we get the insn->imm, insn->off pairing that kernel uses for
+ * kfunc_tab, which becomes the effective limit even though all of them may
+ * share same index in fd_array (such that kfunc_btf_tab has 1 element).
+ */
+static void emit_relo_kfunc_btf(struct bpf_gen *gen, struct ksym_relo_desc *relo, int insn)
+{
+	struct ksym_desc *kdesc;
+	int btf_fd_idx;
+
+	kdesc = get_ksym_desc(gen, relo);
+	if (!kdesc)
+		return;
+	/* try to copy from existing bpf_insn */
+	if (kdesc->ref > 1) {
+		move_blob2blob(gen, insn + offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm), 4,
+			       kdesc->insn + offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm));
+		move_blob2blob(gen, insn + offsetof(struct bpf_insn, off), 2,
+			       kdesc->insn + offsetof(struct bpf_insn, off));
+		goto log;
+	}
+	/* remember insn offset, so we can copy BTF ID and FD later */
+	kdesc->insn = insn;
+	emit_bpf_find_by_name_kind(gen, relo);
+	if (!relo->is_weak)
+		emit_check_err(gen);
+	/* get index in fd_array to store BTF FD at */
+	btf_fd_idx = add_kfunc_btf_fd(gen);
+	if (btf_fd_idx > INT16_MAX) {
+		pr_warn("BTF fd off %d for kfunc %s exceeds INT16_MAX, cannot process relocation\n",
+			btf_fd_idx, relo->name);
+		gen->error = -E2BIG;
+		return;
+	}
+	kdesc->off = btf_fd_idx;
+	/* set a default value for imm */
+	emit(gen, BPF_ST_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_8, offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm), 0));
+	/* skip success case store if ret < 0 */
+	emit(gen, BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JSLT, BPF_REG_7, 0, 1));
 	/* store btf_id into insn[insn_idx].imm */
-	insn = insns + sizeof(struct bpf_insn) * relo->insn_idx +
-		offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm);
+	emit(gen, BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_8, BPF_REG_7, offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm)));
+	/* load fd_array slot pointer */
 	emit2(gen, BPF_LD_IMM64_RAW_FULL(BPF_REG_0, BPF_PSEUDO_MAP_IDX_VALUE,
-					 0, 0, 0, insn));
-	emit(gen, BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_0, BPF_REG_7, 0));
-	if (relo->kind == BTF_KIND_VAR) {
-		/* store btf_obj_fd into insn[insn_idx + 1].imm */
-		emit(gen, BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_RSH, BPF_REG_7, 32));
-		emit(gen, BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_0, BPF_REG_7,
-				      sizeof(struct bpf_insn)));
+					 0, 0, 0, blob_fd_array_off(gen, btf_fd_idx)));
+	/* skip store of BTF fd if ret < 0 */
+	emit(gen, BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JSLT, BPF_REG_7, 0, 3));
+	/* store BTF fd in slot */
+	emit(gen, BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_9, BPF_REG_7));
+	emit(gen, BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_RSH, BPF_REG_9, 32));
+	emit(gen, BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_0, BPF_REG_9, 0));
+	/* set a default value for off */
+	emit(gen, BPF_ST_MEM(BPF_H, BPF_REG_8, offsetof(struct bpf_insn, off), 0));
+	/* skip insn->off store if ret < 0 */
+	emit(gen, BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JSLT, BPF_REG_7, 0, 2));
+	/* skip if vmlinux BTF */
+	emit(gen, BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JEQ, BPF_REG_9, 0, 1));
+	/* store index into insn[insn_idx].off */
+	emit(gen, BPF_ST_MEM(BPF_H, BPF_REG_8, offsetof(struct bpf_insn, off), btf_fd_idx));
+log:
+	if (!gen->log_level)
+		return;
+	emit(gen, BPF_LDX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_7, BPF_REG_8,
+			      offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm)));
+	emit(gen, BPF_LDX_MEM(BPF_H, BPF_REG_9, BPF_REG_8,
+			      offsetof(struct bpf_insn, off)));
+	debug_regs(gen, BPF_REG_7, BPF_REG_9, " func (%s:count=%d): imm: %%d, off: %%d",
+		   relo->name, kdesc->ref);
+	emit2(gen, BPF_LD_IMM64_RAW_FULL(BPF_REG_0, BPF_PSEUDO_MAP_IDX_VALUE,
+					 0, 0, 0, blob_fd_array_off(gen, kdesc->off)));
+	emit(gen, BPF_LDX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_9, BPF_REG_0, 0));
+	debug_regs(gen, BPF_REG_9, -1, " func (%s:count=%d): btf_fd",
+		   relo->name, kdesc->ref);
+}
+
+static void emit_ksym_relo_log(struct bpf_gen *gen, struct ksym_relo_desc *relo,
+			       int ref)
+{
+	if (!gen->log_level)
+		return;
+	emit(gen, BPF_LDX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_7, BPF_REG_8,
+			      offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm)));
+	emit(gen, BPF_LDX_MEM(BPF_H, BPF_REG_9, BPF_REG_8, sizeof(struct bpf_insn) +
+			      offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm)));
+	debug_regs(gen, BPF_REG_7, BPF_REG_9, " var t=%d w=%d (%s:count=%d): imm[0]: %%d, imm[1]: %%d",
+		   relo->is_typeless, relo->is_weak, relo->name, ref);
+	emit(gen, BPF_LDX_MEM(BPF_B, BPF_REG_9, BPF_REG_8, offsetofend(struct bpf_insn, code)));
+	debug_regs(gen, BPF_REG_9, -1, " var t=%d w=%d (%s:count=%d): insn.reg",
+		   relo->is_typeless, relo->is_weak, relo->name, ref);
+}
+
+/* Expects:
+ * BPF_REG_8 - pointer to instruction
+ */
+static void emit_relo_ksym_typeless(struct bpf_gen *gen,
+				    struct ksym_relo_desc *relo, int insn)
+{
+	struct ksym_desc *kdesc;
+
+	kdesc = get_ksym_desc(gen, relo);
+	if (!kdesc)
+		return;
+	/* try to copy from existing ldimm64 insn */
+	if (kdesc->ref > 1) {
+		move_blob2blob(gen, insn + offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm), 4,
+			       kdesc->insn + offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm));
+		move_blob2blob(gen, insn + sizeof(struct bpf_insn) + offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm), 4,
+			       kdesc->insn + sizeof(struct bpf_insn) + offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm));
+		goto log;
+	}
+	/* remember insn offset, so we can copy ksym addr later */
+	kdesc->insn = insn;
+	/* skip typeless ksym_desc in fd closing loop in cleanup_relos */
+	kdesc->typeless = true;
+	emit_bpf_kallsyms_lookup_name(gen, relo);
+	emit(gen, BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JEQ, BPF_REG_7, -ENOENT, 1));
+	emit_check_err(gen);
+	/* store lower half of addr into insn[insn_idx].imm */
+	emit(gen, BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_8, BPF_REG_9, offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm)));
+	/* store upper half of addr into insn[insn_idx + 1].imm */
+	emit(gen, BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_RSH, BPF_REG_9, 32));
+	emit(gen, BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_8, BPF_REG_9,
+		      sizeof(struct bpf_insn) + offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm)));
+log:
+	emit_ksym_relo_log(gen, relo, kdesc->ref);
+}
+
+static __u32 src_reg_mask(void)
+{
+#if defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN_BITFIELD)
+	return 0x0f; /* src_reg,dst_reg,... */
+#elif defined(__BIG_ENDIAN_BITFIELD)
+	return 0xf0; /* dst_reg,src_reg,... */
+#else
+#error "Unsupported bit endianness, cannot proceed"
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Expects:
+ * BPF_REG_8 - pointer to instruction
+ */
+static void emit_relo_ksym_btf(struct bpf_gen *gen, struct ksym_relo_desc *relo, int insn)
+{
+	struct ksym_desc *kdesc;
+	__u32 reg_mask;
+
+	kdesc = get_ksym_desc(gen, relo);
+	if (!kdesc)
+		return;
+	/* try to copy from existing ldimm64 insn */
+	if (kdesc->ref > 1) {
+		move_blob2blob(gen, insn + offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm), 4,
+			       kdesc->insn + offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm));
+		move_blob2blob(gen, insn + sizeof(struct bpf_insn) + offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm), 4,
+			       kdesc->insn + sizeof(struct bpf_insn) + offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm));
+		emit(gen, BPF_LDX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_9, BPF_REG_8, offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm)));
+		/* jump over src_reg adjustment if imm is not 0 */
+		emit(gen, BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JNE, BPF_REG_9, 0, 3));
+		goto clear_src_reg;
+	}
+	/* remember insn offset, so we can copy BTF ID and FD later */
+	kdesc->insn = insn;
+	emit_bpf_find_by_name_kind(gen, relo);
+	if (!relo->is_weak)
+		emit_check_err(gen);
+	/* set default values as 0 */
+	emit(gen, BPF_ST_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_8, offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm), 0));
+	emit(gen, BPF_ST_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_8, sizeof(struct bpf_insn) + offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm), 0));
+	/* skip success case stores if ret < 0 */
+	emit(gen, BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JSLT, BPF_REG_7, 0, 4));
+	/* store btf_id into insn[insn_idx].imm */
+	emit(gen, BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_8, BPF_REG_7, offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm)));
+	/* store btf_obj_fd into insn[insn_idx + 1].imm */
+	emit(gen, BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_RSH, BPF_REG_7, 32));
+	emit(gen, BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_8, BPF_REG_7,
+			      sizeof(struct bpf_insn) + offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm)));
+	emit(gen, BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JSGE, BPF_REG_7, 0, 3));
+clear_src_reg:
+	/* clear bpf_object__relocate_data's src_reg assignment, otherwise we get a verifier failure */
+	reg_mask = src_reg_mask();
+	emit(gen, BPF_LDX_MEM(BPF_B, BPF_REG_9, BPF_REG_8, offsetofend(struct bpf_insn, code)));
+	emit(gen, BPF_ALU32_IMM(BPF_AND, BPF_REG_9, reg_mask));
+	emit(gen, BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_B, BPF_REG_8, BPF_REG_9, offsetofend(struct bpf_insn, code)));
+
+	emit_ksym_relo_log(gen, relo, kdesc->ref);
+}
+
+static void emit_relo(struct bpf_gen *gen, struct ksym_relo_desc *relo, int insns)
+{
+	int insn;
+
+	pr_debug("gen: emit_relo (%d): %s at %d\n", relo->kind, relo->name, relo->insn_idx);
+	insn = insns + sizeof(struct bpf_insn) * relo->insn_idx;
+	emit2(gen, BPF_LD_IMM64_RAW_FULL(BPF_REG_8, BPF_PSEUDO_MAP_IDX_VALUE, 0, 0, 0, insn));
+	switch (relo->kind) {
+	case BTF_KIND_VAR:
+		if (relo->is_typeless)
+			emit_relo_ksym_typeless(gen, relo, insn);
+		else
+			emit_relo_ksym_btf(gen, relo, insn);
+		break;
+	case BTF_KIND_FUNC:
+		emit_relo_kfunc_btf(gen, relo, insn);
+		break;
+	default:
+		pr_warn("Unknown relocation kind '%d'\n", relo->kind);
+		gen->error = -EDOM;
+		return;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -571,14 +874,23 @@ static void cleanup_relos(struct bpf_gen *gen, int insns)
 {
 	int i, insn;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < gen->relo_cnt; i++) {
-		if (gen->relos[i].kind != BTF_KIND_VAR)
-			continue;
-		/* close fd recorded in insn[insn_idx + 1].imm */
-		insn = insns +
-			sizeof(struct bpf_insn) * (gen->relos[i].insn_idx + 1) +
-			offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm);
-		emit_sys_close_blob(gen, insn);
+	for (i = 0; i < gen->nr_ksyms; i++) {
+		/* only close fds for typed ksyms and kfuncs */
+		if (gen->ksyms[i].kind == BTF_KIND_VAR && !gen->ksyms[i].typeless) {
+			/* close fd recorded in insn[insn_idx + 1].imm */
+			insn = gen->ksyms[i].insn;
+			insn += sizeof(struct bpf_insn) + offsetof(struct bpf_insn, imm);
+			emit_sys_close_blob(gen, insn);
+		} else if (gen->ksyms[i].kind == BTF_KIND_FUNC) {
+			emit_sys_close_blob(gen, blob_fd_array_off(gen, gen->ksyms[i].off));
+			if (gen->ksyms[i].off < MAX_FD_ARRAY_SZ)
+				gen->nr_fd_array--;
+		}
+	}
+	if (gen->nr_ksyms) {
+		free(gen->ksyms);
+		gen->nr_ksyms = 0;
+		gen->ksyms = NULL;
 	}
 	if (gen->relo_cnt) {
 		free(gen->relos);
@@ -637,9 +949,8 @@ void bpf_gen__prog_load(struct bpf_gen *gen,
 	/* populate union bpf_attr with a pointer to line_info */
 	emit_rel_store(gen, attr_field(prog_load_attr, line_info), line_info);
 
-	/* populate union bpf_attr fd_array with a pointer to stack where map_fds are saved */
-	emit_rel_store_sp(gen, attr_field(prog_load_attr, fd_array),
-			  stack_off(map_fd[0]));
+	/* populate union bpf_attr fd_array with a pointer to data where map_fds are saved */
+	emit_rel_store(gen, attr_field(prog_load_attr, fd_array), gen->fd_array);
 
 	/* populate union bpf_attr with user provided log details */
 	move_ctx2blob(gen, attr_field(prog_load_attr, log_level), 4,
@@ -706,8 +1017,8 @@ void bpf_gen__map_update_elem(struct bpf_gen *gen, int map_idx, void *pvalue,
 	emit(gen, BPF_EMIT_CALL(BPF_FUNC_copy_from_user));
 
 	map_update_attr = add_data(gen, &attr, attr_size);
-	move_stack2blob(gen, attr_field(map_update_attr, map_fd), 4,
-			stack_off(map_fd[map_idx]));
+	move_blob2blob(gen, attr_field(map_update_attr, map_fd), 4,
+		       blob_fd_array_off(gen, map_idx));
 	emit_rel_store(gen, attr_field(map_update_attr, key), key);
 	emit_rel_store(gen, attr_field(map_update_attr, value), value);
 	/* emit MAP_UPDATE_ELEM command */
@@ -725,8 +1036,8 @@ void bpf_gen__map_freeze(struct bpf_gen *gen, int map_idx)
 	memset(&attr, 0, attr_size);
 	pr_debug("gen: map_freeze: idx %d\n", map_idx);
 	map_freeze_attr = add_data(gen, &attr, attr_size);
-	move_stack2blob(gen, attr_field(map_freeze_attr, map_fd), 4,
-			stack_off(map_fd[map_idx]));
+	move_blob2blob(gen, attr_field(map_freeze_attr, map_fd), 4,
+		       blob_fd_array_off(gen, map_idx));
 	/* emit MAP_FREEZE command */
 	emit_sys_bpf(gen, BPF_MAP_FREEZE, map_freeze_attr, attr_size);
 	debug_ret(gen, "map_freeze");
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.c b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.c
index 8892f2f1bbcc..a1bea1953df6 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.c
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.c
@@ -195,8 +195,8 @@ enum kern_feature_id {
 	FEAT_BTF_FLOAT,
 	/* BPF perf link support */
 	FEAT_PERF_LINK,
-	/* BTF_KIND_TAG support */
-	FEAT_BTF_TAG,
+	/* BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG support */
+	FEAT_BTF_DECL_TAG,
 	__FEAT_CNT,
 };
 
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ struct bpf_program {
 	size_t sub_insn_off;
 
 	char *name;
-	/* sec_name with / replaced by _; makes recursive pinning
+	/* name with / replaced by _; makes recursive pinning
 	 * in bpf_object__pin_programs easier
 	 */
 	char *pin_name;
@@ -370,15 +370,14 @@ enum libbpf_map_type {
 	LIBBPF_MAP_KCONFIG,
 };
 
-static const char * const libbpf_type_to_btf_name[] = {
-	[LIBBPF_MAP_DATA]	= DATA_SEC,
-	[LIBBPF_MAP_BSS]	= BSS_SEC,
-	[LIBBPF_MAP_RODATA]	= RODATA_SEC,
-	[LIBBPF_MAP_KCONFIG]	= KCONFIG_SEC,
-};
-
 struct bpf_map {
 	char *name;
+	/* real_name is defined for special internal maps (.rodata*,
+	 * .data*, .bss, .kconfig) and preserves their original ELF section
+	 * name. This is important to be be able to find corresponding BTF
+	 * DATASEC information.
+	 */
+	char *real_name;
 	int fd;
 	int sec_idx;
 	size_t sec_offset;
@@ -401,6 +400,7 @@ struct bpf_map {
 	char *pin_path;
 	bool pinned;
 	bool reused;
+	__u64 map_extra;
 };
 
 enum extern_type {
@@ -443,6 +443,11 @@ struct extern_desc {
 
 			/* local btf_id of the ksym extern's type. */
 			__u32 type_id;
+			/* BTF fd index to be patched in for insn->off, this is
+			 * 0 for vmlinux BTF, index in obj->fd_array for module
+			 * BTF
+			 */
+			__s16 btf_fd_idx;
 		} ksym;
 	};
 };
@@ -454,6 +459,41 @@ struct module_btf {
 	char *name;
 	__u32 id;
 	int fd;
+	int fd_array_idx;
+};
+
+enum sec_type {
+	SEC_UNUSED = 0,
+	SEC_RELO,
+	SEC_BSS,
+	SEC_DATA,
+	SEC_RODATA,
+};
+
+struct elf_sec_desc {
+	enum sec_type sec_type;
+	Elf64_Shdr *shdr;
+	Elf_Data *data;
+};
+
+struct elf_state {
+	int fd;
+	const void *obj_buf;
+	size_t obj_buf_sz;
+	Elf *elf;
+	Elf64_Ehdr *ehdr;
+	Elf_Data *symbols;
+	Elf_Data *st_ops_data;
+	size_t shstrndx; /* section index for section name strings */
+	size_t strtabidx;
+	struct elf_sec_desc *secs;
+	int sec_cnt;
+	int maps_shndx;
+	int btf_maps_shndx;
+	__u32 btf_maps_sec_btf_id;
+	int text_shndx;
+	int symbols_shndx;
+	int st_ops_shndx;
 };
 
 struct bpf_object {
@@ -471,47 +511,17 @@ struct bpf_object {
 	struct extern_desc *externs;
 	int nr_extern;
 	int kconfig_map_idx;
-	int rodata_map_idx;
 
 	bool loaded;
 	bool has_subcalls;
+	bool has_rodata;
 
 	struct bpf_gen *gen_loader;
 
+	/* Information when doing ELF related work. Only valid if efile.elf is not NULL */
+	struct elf_state efile;
 	/*
-	 * Information when doing elf related work. Only valid if fd
-	 * is valid.
-	 */
-	struct {
-		int fd;
-		const void *obj_buf;
-		size_t obj_buf_sz;
-		Elf *elf;
-		GElf_Ehdr ehdr;
-		Elf_Data *symbols;
-		Elf_Data *data;
-		Elf_Data *rodata;
-		Elf_Data *bss;
-		Elf_Data *st_ops_data;
-		size_t shstrndx; /* section index for section name strings */
-		size_t strtabidx;
-		struct {
-			GElf_Shdr shdr;
-			Elf_Data *data;
-		} *reloc_sects;
-		int nr_reloc_sects;
-		int maps_shndx;
-		int btf_maps_shndx;
-		__u32 btf_maps_sec_btf_id;
-		int text_shndx;
-		int symbols_shndx;
-		int data_shndx;
-		int rodata_shndx;
-		int bss_shndx;
-		int st_ops_shndx;
-	} efile;
-	/*
-	 * All loaded bpf_object is linked in a list, which is
+	 * All loaded bpf_object are linked in a list, which is
 	 * hidden to caller. bpf_objects__<func> handlers deal with
 	 * all objects.
 	 */
@@ -539,17 +549,22 @@ struct bpf_object {
 	void *priv;
 	bpf_object_clear_priv_t clear_priv;
 
+	int *fd_array;
+	size_t fd_array_cap;
+	size_t fd_array_cnt;
+
 	char path[];
 };
-#define obj_elf_valid(o)	((o)->efile.elf)
 
 static const char *elf_sym_str(const struct bpf_object *obj, size_t off);
 static const char *elf_sec_str(const struct bpf_object *obj, size_t off);
 static Elf_Scn *elf_sec_by_idx(const struct bpf_object *obj, size_t idx);
 static Elf_Scn *elf_sec_by_name(const struct bpf_object *obj, const char *name);
-static int elf_sec_hdr(const struct bpf_object *obj, Elf_Scn *scn, GElf_Shdr *hdr);
+static Elf64_Shdr *elf_sec_hdr(const struct bpf_object *obj, Elf_Scn *scn);
 static const char *elf_sec_name(const struct bpf_object *obj, Elf_Scn *scn);
 static Elf_Data *elf_sec_data(const struct bpf_object *obj, Elf_Scn *scn);
+static Elf64_Sym *elf_sym_by_idx(const struct bpf_object *obj, size_t idx);
+static Elf64_Rel *elf_rel_by_idx(Elf_Data *data, size_t idx);
 
 void bpf_program__unload(struct bpf_program *prog)
 {
@@ -604,7 +619,16 @@ static char *__bpf_program__pin_name(struct bpf_program *prog)
 {
 	char *name, *p;
 
-	name = p = strdup(prog->sec_name);
+	if (libbpf_mode & LIBBPF_STRICT_SEC_NAME)
+		name = strdup(prog->name);
+	else
+		name = strdup(prog->sec_name);
+
+	if (!name)
+		return NULL;
+
+	p = name;
+
 	while ((p = strchr(p, '/')))
 		*p = '_';
 
@@ -691,25 +715,25 @@ bpf_object__add_programs(struct bpf_object *obj, Elf_Data *sec_data,
 	size_t sec_sz = sec_data->d_size, sec_off, prog_sz, nr_syms;
 	int nr_progs, err, i;
 	const char *name;
-	GElf_Sym sym;
+	Elf64_Sym *sym;
 
 	progs = obj->programs;
 	nr_progs = obj->nr_programs;
-	nr_syms = symbols->d_size / sizeof(GElf_Sym);
+	nr_syms = symbols->d_size / sizeof(Elf64_Sym);
 	sec_off = 0;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_syms; i++) {
-		if (!gelf_getsym(symbols, i, &sym))
-			continue;
-		if (sym.st_shndx != sec_idx)
+		sym = elf_sym_by_idx(obj, i);
+
+		if (sym->st_shndx != sec_idx)
 			continue;
-		if (GELF_ST_TYPE(sym.st_info) != STT_FUNC)
+		if (ELF64_ST_TYPE(sym->st_info) != STT_FUNC)
 			continue;
 
-		prog_sz = sym.st_size;
-		sec_off = sym.st_value;
+		prog_sz = sym->st_size;
+		sec_off = sym->st_value;
 
-		name = elf_sym_str(obj, sym.st_name);
+		name = elf_sym_str(obj, sym->st_name);
 		if (!name) {
 			pr_warn("sec '%s': failed to get symbol name for offset %zu\n",
 				sec_name, sec_off);
@@ -722,7 +746,7 @@ bpf_object__add_programs(struct bpf_object *obj, Elf_Data *sec_data,
 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
 		}
 
-		if (sec_idx != obj->efile.text_shndx && GELF_ST_BIND(sym.st_info) == STB_LOCAL) {
+		if (sec_idx != obj->efile.text_shndx && ELF64_ST_BIND(sym->st_info) == STB_LOCAL) {
 			pr_warn("sec '%s': program '%s' is static and not supported\n", sec_name, name);
 			return -ENOTSUP;
 		}
@@ -755,9 +779,9 @@ bpf_object__add_programs(struct bpf_object *obj, Elf_Data *sec_data,
 		 * as static to enable more permissive BPF verification mode
 		 * with more outside context available to BPF verifier
 		 */
-		if (GELF_ST_BIND(sym.st_info) != STB_LOCAL
-		    && (GELF_ST_VISIBILITY(sym.st_other) == STV_HIDDEN
-			|| GELF_ST_VISIBILITY(sym.st_other) == STV_INTERNAL))
+		if (ELF64_ST_BIND(sym->st_info) != STB_LOCAL
+		    && (ELF64_ST_VISIBILITY(sym->st_other) == STV_HIDDEN
+			|| ELF64_ST_VISIBILITY(sym->st_other) == STV_INTERNAL))
 			prog->mark_btf_static = true;
 
 		nr_progs++;
@@ -1125,6 +1149,7 @@ static struct bpf_object *bpf_object__new(const char *path,
 					  size_t obj_buf_sz,
 					  const char *obj_name)
 {
+	bool strict = (libbpf_mode & LIBBPF_STRICT_NO_OBJECT_LIST);
 	struct bpf_object *obj;
 	char *end;
 
@@ -1158,24 +1183,21 @@ static struct bpf_object *bpf_object__new(const char *path,
 	obj->efile.obj_buf_sz = obj_buf_sz;
 	obj->efile.maps_shndx = -1;
 	obj->efile.btf_maps_shndx = -1;
-	obj->efile.data_shndx = -1;
-	obj->efile.rodata_shndx = -1;
-	obj->efile.bss_shndx = -1;
 	obj->efile.st_ops_shndx = -1;
 	obj->kconfig_map_idx = -1;
-	obj->rodata_map_idx = -1;
 
 	obj->kern_version = get_kernel_version();
 	obj->loaded = false;
 
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&obj->list);
-	list_add(&obj->list, &bpf_objects_list);
+	if (!strict)
+		list_add(&obj->list, &bpf_objects_list);
 	return obj;
 }
 
 static void bpf_object__elf_finish(struct bpf_object *obj)
 {
-	if (!obj_elf_valid(obj))
+	if (!obj->efile.elf)
 		return;
 
 	if (obj->efile.elf) {
@@ -1183,13 +1205,10 @@ static void bpf_object__elf_finish(struct bpf_object *obj)
 		obj->efile.elf = NULL;
 	}
 	obj->efile.symbols = NULL;
-	obj->efile.data = NULL;
-	obj->efile.rodata = NULL;
-	obj->efile.bss = NULL;
 	obj->efile.st_ops_data = NULL;
 
-	zfree(&obj->efile.reloc_sects);
-	obj->efile.nr_reloc_sects = 0;
+	zfree(&obj->efile.secs);
+	obj->efile.sec_cnt = 0;
 	zclose(obj->efile.fd);
 	obj->efile.obj_buf = NULL;
 	obj->efile.obj_buf_sz = 0;
@@ -1197,10 +1216,11 @@ static void bpf_object__elf_finish(struct bpf_object *obj)
 
 static int bpf_object__elf_init(struct bpf_object *obj)
 {
+	Elf64_Ehdr *ehdr;
 	int err = 0;
-	GElf_Ehdr *ep;
+	Elf *elf;
 
-	if (obj_elf_valid(obj)) {
+	if (obj->efile.elf) {
 		pr_warn("elf: init internal error\n");
 		return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__LIBELF;
 	}
@@ -1210,10 +1230,9 @@ static int bpf_object__elf_init(struct bpf_object *obj)
 		 * obj_buf should have been validated by
 		 * bpf_object__open_buffer().
 		 */
-		obj->efile.elf = elf_memory((char *)obj->efile.obj_buf,
-					    obj->efile.obj_buf_sz);
+		elf = elf_memory((char *)obj->efile.obj_buf, obj->efile.obj_buf_sz);
 	} else {
-		obj->efile.fd = open(obj->path, O_RDONLY);
+		obj->efile.fd = open(obj->path, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
 		if (obj->efile.fd < 0) {
 			char errmsg[STRERR_BUFSIZE], *cp;
 
@@ -1223,23 +1242,37 @@ static int bpf_object__elf_init(struct bpf_object *obj)
 			return err;
 		}
 
-		obj->efile.elf = elf_begin(obj->efile.fd, ELF_C_READ_MMAP, NULL);
+		elf = elf_begin(obj->efile.fd, ELF_C_READ_MMAP, NULL);
 	}
 
-	if (!obj->efile.elf) {
+	if (!elf) {
 		pr_warn("elf: failed to open %s as ELF file: %s\n", obj->path, elf_errmsg(-1));
 		err = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__LIBELF;
 		goto errout;
 	}
 
-	if (!gelf_getehdr(obj->efile.elf, &obj->efile.ehdr)) {
+	obj->efile.elf = elf;
+
+	if (elf_kind(elf) != ELF_K_ELF) {
+		err = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
+		pr_warn("elf: '%s' is not a proper ELF object\n", obj->path);
+		goto errout;
+	}
+
+	if (gelf_getclass(elf) != ELFCLASS64) {
+		err = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
+		pr_warn("elf: '%s' is not a 64-bit ELF object\n", obj->path);
+		goto errout;
+	}
+
+	obj->efile.ehdr = ehdr = elf64_getehdr(elf);
+	if (!obj->efile.ehdr) {
 		pr_warn("elf: failed to get ELF header from %s: %s\n", obj->path, elf_errmsg(-1));
 		err = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
 		goto errout;
 	}
-	ep = &obj->efile.ehdr;
 
-	if (elf_getshdrstrndx(obj->efile.elf, &obj->efile.shstrndx)) {
+	if (elf_getshdrstrndx(elf, &obj->efile.shstrndx)) {
 		pr_warn("elf: failed to get section names section index for %s: %s\n",
 			obj->path, elf_errmsg(-1));
 		err = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
@@ -1247,7 +1280,7 @@ static int bpf_object__elf_init(struct bpf_object *obj)
 	}
 
 	/* Elf is corrupted/truncated, avoid calling elf_strptr. */
-	if (!elf_rawdata(elf_getscn(obj->efile.elf, obj->efile.shstrndx), NULL)) {
+	if (!elf_rawdata(elf_getscn(elf, obj->efile.shstrndx), NULL)) {
 		pr_warn("elf: failed to get section names strings from %s: %s\n",
 			obj->path, elf_errmsg(-1));
 		err = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
@@ -1255,8 +1288,7 @@ static int bpf_object__elf_init(struct bpf_object *obj)
 	}
 
 	/* Old LLVM set e_machine to EM_NONE */
-	if (ep->e_type != ET_REL ||
-	    (ep->e_machine && ep->e_machine != EM_BPF)) {
+	if (ehdr->e_type != ET_REL || (ehdr->e_machine && ehdr->e_machine != EM_BPF)) {
 		pr_warn("elf: %s is not a valid eBPF object file\n", obj->path);
 		err = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
 		goto errout;
@@ -1270,11 +1302,11 @@ errout:
 
 static int bpf_object__check_endianness(struct bpf_object *obj)
 {
-#if __BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN
-	if (obj->efile.ehdr.e_ident[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2LSB)
+#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
+	if (obj->efile.ehdr->e_ident[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2LSB)
 		return 0;
-#elif __BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN
-	if (obj->efile.ehdr.e_ident[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2MSB)
+#elif __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
+	if (obj->efile.ehdr->e_ident[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2MSB)
 		return 0;
 #else
 # error "Unrecognized __BYTE_ORDER__"
@@ -1314,41 +1346,27 @@ static bool bpf_map_type__is_map_in_map(enum bpf_map_type type)
 	return false;
 }
 
-int bpf_object__section_size(const struct bpf_object *obj, const char *name,
-			     __u32 *size)
+static int find_elf_sec_sz(const struct bpf_object *obj, const char *name, __u32 *size)
 {
 	int ret = -ENOENT;
+	Elf_Data *data;
+	Elf_Scn *scn;
 
 	*size = 0;
-	if (!name) {
+	if (!name)
 		return -EINVAL;
-	} else if (!strcmp(name, DATA_SEC)) {
-		if (obj->efile.data)
-			*size = obj->efile.data->d_size;
-	} else if (!strcmp(name, BSS_SEC)) {
-		if (obj->efile.bss)
-			*size = obj->efile.bss->d_size;
-	} else if (!strcmp(name, RODATA_SEC)) {
-		if (obj->efile.rodata)
-			*size = obj->efile.rodata->d_size;
-	} else if (!strcmp(name, STRUCT_OPS_SEC)) {
-		if (obj->efile.st_ops_data)
-			*size = obj->efile.st_ops_data->d_size;
-	} else {
-		Elf_Scn *scn = elf_sec_by_name(obj, name);
-		Elf_Data *data = elf_sec_data(obj, scn);
 
-		if (data) {
-			ret = 0; /* found it */
-			*size = data->d_size;
-		}
+	scn = elf_sec_by_name(obj, name);
+	data = elf_sec_data(obj, scn);
+	if (data) {
+		ret = 0; /* found it */
+		*size = data->d_size;
 	}
 
 	return *size ? 0 : ret;
 }
 
-int bpf_object__variable_offset(const struct bpf_object *obj, const char *name,
-				__u32 *off)
+static int find_elf_var_offset(const struct bpf_object *obj, const char *name, __u32 *off)
 {
 	Elf_Data *symbols = obj->efile.symbols;
 	const char *sname;
@@ -1357,23 +1375,20 @@ int bpf_object__variable_offset(const struct bpf_object *obj, const char *name,
 	if (!name || !off)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	for (si = 0; si < symbols->d_size / sizeof(GElf_Sym); si++) {
-		GElf_Sym sym;
+	for (si = 0; si < symbols->d_size / sizeof(Elf64_Sym); si++) {
+		Elf64_Sym *sym = elf_sym_by_idx(obj, si);
 
-		if (!gelf_getsym(symbols, si, &sym))
-			continue;
-		if (GELF_ST_BIND(sym.st_info) != STB_GLOBAL ||
-		    GELF_ST_TYPE(sym.st_info) != STT_OBJECT)
+		if (ELF64_ST_BIND(sym->st_info) != STB_GLOBAL ||
+		    ELF64_ST_TYPE(sym->st_info) != STT_OBJECT)
 			continue;
 
-		sname = elf_sym_str(obj, sym.st_name);
+		sname = elf_sym_str(obj, sym->st_name);
 		if (!sname) {
-			pr_warn("failed to get sym name string for var %s\n",
-				name);
+			pr_warn("failed to get sym name string for var %s\n", name);
 			return -EIO;
 		}
 		if (strcmp(name, sname) == 0) {
-			*off = sym.st_value;
+			*off = sym->st_value;
 			return 0;
 		}
 	}
@@ -1425,17 +1440,55 @@ static size_t bpf_map_mmap_sz(const struct bpf_map *map)
 	return map_sz;
 }
 
-static char *internal_map_name(struct bpf_object *obj,
-			       enum libbpf_map_type type)
+static char *internal_map_name(struct bpf_object *obj, const char *real_name)
 {
 	char map_name[BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN], *p;
-	const char *sfx = libbpf_type_to_btf_name[type];
-	int sfx_len = max((size_t)7, strlen(sfx));
-	int pfx_len = min((size_t)BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN - sfx_len - 1,
-			  strlen(obj->name));
+	int pfx_len, sfx_len = max((size_t)7, strlen(real_name));
+
+	/* This is one of the more confusing parts of libbpf for various
+	 * reasons, some of which are historical. The original idea for naming
+	 * internal names was to include as much of BPF object name prefix as
+	 * possible, so that it can be distinguished from similar internal
+	 * maps of a different BPF object.
+	 * As an example, let's say we have bpf_object named 'my_object_name'
+	 * and internal map corresponding to '.rodata' ELF section. The final
+	 * map name advertised to user and to the kernel will be
+	 * 'my_objec.rodata', taking first 8 characters of object name and
+	 * entire 7 characters of '.rodata'.
+	 * Somewhat confusingly, if internal map ELF section name is shorter
+	 * than 7 characters, e.g., '.bss', we still reserve 7 characters
+	 * for the suffix, even though we only have 4 actual characters, and
+	 * resulting map will be called 'my_objec.bss', not even using all 15
+	 * characters allowed by the kernel. Oh well, at least the truncated
+	 * object name is somewhat consistent in this case. But if the map
+	 * name is '.kconfig', we'll still have entirety of '.kconfig' added
+	 * (8 chars) and thus will be left with only first 7 characters of the
+	 * object name ('my_obje'). Happy guessing, user, that the final map
+	 * name will be "my_obje.kconfig".
+	 * Now, with libbpf starting to support arbitrarily named .rodata.*
+	 * and .data.* data sections, it's possible that ELF section name is
+	 * longer than allowed 15 chars, so we now need to be careful to take
+	 * only up to 15 first characters of ELF name, taking no BPF object
+	 * name characters at all. So '.rodata.abracadabra' will result in
+	 * '.rodata.abracad' kernel and user-visible name.
+	 * We need to keep this convoluted logic intact for .data, .bss and
+	 * .rodata maps, but for new custom .data.custom and .rodata.custom
+	 * maps we use their ELF names as is, not prepending bpf_object name
+	 * in front. We still need to truncate them to 15 characters for the
+	 * kernel. Full name can be recovered for such maps by using DATASEC
+	 * BTF type associated with such map's value type, though.
+	 */
+	if (sfx_len >= BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN)
+		sfx_len = BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN - 1;
+
+	/* if there are two or more dots in map name, it's a custom dot map */
+	if (strchr(real_name + 1, '.') != NULL)
+		pfx_len = 0;
+	else
+		pfx_len = min((size_t)BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN - sfx_len - 1, strlen(obj->name));
 
 	snprintf(map_name, sizeof(map_name), "%.*s%.*s", pfx_len, obj->name,
-		 sfx_len, libbpf_type_to_btf_name[type]);
+		 sfx_len, real_name);
 
 	/* sanitise map name to characters allowed by kernel */
 	for (p = map_name; *p && p < map_name + sizeof(map_name); p++)
@@ -1447,7 +1500,7 @@ static char *internal_map_name(struct bpf_object *obj,
 
 static int
 bpf_object__init_internal_map(struct bpf_object *obj, enum libbpf_map_type type,
-			      int sec_idx, void *data, size_t data_sz)
+			      const char *real_name, int sec_idx, void *data, size_t data_sz)
 {
 	struct bpf_map_def *def;
 	struct bpf_map *map;
@@ -1460,9 +1513,11 @@ bpf_object__init_internal_map(struct bpf_object *obj, enum libbpf_map_type type,
 	map->libbpf_type = type;
 	map->sec_idx = sec_idx;
 	map->sec_offset = 0;
-	map->name = internal_map_name(obj, type);
-	if (!map->name) {
-		pr_warn("failed to alloc map name\n");
+	map->real_name = strdup(real_name);
+	map->name = internal_map_name(obj, real_name);
+	if (!map->real_name || !map->name) {
+		zfree(&map->real_name);
+		zfree(&map->name);
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
 
@@ -1485,6 +1540,7 @@ bpf_object__init_internal_map(struct bpf_object *obj, enum libbpf_map_type type,
 		map->mmaped = NULL;
 		pr_warn("failed to alloc map '%s' content buffer: %d\n",
 			map->name, err);
+		zfree(&map->real_name);
 		zfree(&map->name);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1498,34 +1554,43 @@ bpf_object__init_internal_map(struct bpf_object *obj, enum libbpf_map_type type,
 
 static int bpf_object__init_global_data_maps(struct bpf_object *obj)
 {
-	int err;
+	struct elf_sec_desc *sec_desc;
+	const char *sec_name;
+	int err = 0, sec_idx;
 
 	/*
 	 * Populate obj->maps with libbpf internal maps.
 	 */
-	if (obj->efile.data_shndx >= 0) {
-		err = bpf_object__init_internal_map(obj, LIBBPF_MAP_DATA,
-						    obj->efile.data_shndx,
-						    obj->efile.data->d_buf,
-						    obj->efile.data->d_size);
-		if (err)
-			return err;
-	}
-	if (obj->efile.rodata_shndx >= 0) {
-		err = bpf_object__init_internal_map(obj, LIBBPF_MAP_RODATA,
-						    obj->efile.rodata_shndx,
-						    obj->efile.rodata->d_buf,
-						    obj->efile.rodata->d_size);
-		if (err)
-			return err;
-
-		obj->rodata_map_idx = obj->nr_maps - 1;
-	}
-	if (obj->efile.bss_shndx >= 0) {
-		err = bpf_object__init_internal_map(obj, LIBBPF_MAP_BSS,
-						    obj->efile.bss_shndx,
-						    NULL,
-						    obj->efile.bss->d_size);
+	for (sec_idx = 1; sec_idx < obj->efile.sec_cnt; sec_idx++) {
+		sec_desc = &obj->efile.secs[sec_idx];
+
+		switch (sec_desc->sec_type) {
+		case SEC_DATA:
+			sec_name = elf_sec_name(obj, elf_sec_by_idx(obj, sec_idx));
+			err = bpf_object__init_internal_map(obj, LIBBPF_MAP_DATA,
+							    sec_name, sec_idx,
+							    sec_desc->data->d_buf,
+							    sec_desc->data->d_size);
+			break;
+		case SEC_RODATA:
+			obj->has_rodata = true;
+			sec_name = elf_sec_name(obj, elf_sec_by_idx(obj, sec_idx));
+			err = bpf_object__init_internal_map(obj, LIBBPF_MAP_RODATA,
+							    sec_name, sec_idx,
+							    sec_desc->data->d_buf,
+							    sec_desc->data->d_size);
+			break;
+		case SEC_BSS:
+			sec_name = elf_sec_name(obj, elf_sec_by_idx(obj, sec_idx));
+			err = bpf_object__init_internal_map(obj, LIBBPF_MAP_BSS,
+							    sec_name, sec_idx,
+							    NULL,
+							    sec_desc->data->d_size);
+			break;
+		default:
+			/* skip */
+			break;
+		}
 		if (err)
 			return err;
 	}
@@ -1822,7 +1887,7 @@ static int bpf_object__init_kconfig_map(struct bpf_object *obj)
 
 	map_sz = last_ext->kcfg.data_off + last_ext->kcfg.sz;
 	err = bpf_object__init_internal_map(obj, LIBBPF_MAP_KCONFIG,
-					    obj->efile.symbols_shndx,
+					    ".kconfig", obj->efile.symbols_shndx,
 					    NULL, map_sz);
 	if (err)
 		return err;
@@ -1860,15 +1925,13 @@ static int bpf_object__init_user_maps(struct bpf_object *obj, bool strict)
 	 *
 	 * TODO: Detect array of map and report error.
 	 */
-	nr_syms = symbols->d_size / sizeof(GElf_Sym);
+	nr_syms = symbols->d_size / sizeof(Elf64_Sym);
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_syms; i++) {
-		GElf_Sym sym;
+		Elf64_Sym *sym = elf_sym_by_idx(obj, i);
 
-		if (!gelf_getsym(symbols, i, &sym))
+		if (sym->st_shndx != obj->efile.maps_shndx)
 			continue;
-		if (sym.st_shndx != obj->efile.maps_shndx)
-			continue;
-		if (GELF_ST_TYPE(sym.st_info) == STT_SECTION)
+		if (ELF64_ST_TYPE(sym->st_info) == STT_SECTION)
 			continue;
 		nr_maps++;
 	}
@@ -1885,40 +1948,38 @@ static int bpf_object__init_user_maps(struct bpf_object *obj, bool strict)
 
 	/* Fill obj->maps using data in "maps" section.  */
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_syms; i++) {
-		GElf_Sym sym;
+		Elf64_Sym *sym = elf_sym_by_idx(obj, i);
 		const char *map_name;
 		struct bpf_map_def *def;
 		struct bpf_map *map;
 
-		if (!gelf_getsym(symbols, i, &sym))
-			continue;
-		if (sym.st_shndx != obj->efile.maps_shndx)
+		if (sym->st_shndx != obj->efile.maps_shndx)
 			continue;
-		if (GELF_ST_TYPE(sym.st_info) == STT_SECTION)
+		if (ELF64_ST_TYPE(sym->st_info) == STT_SECTION)
 			continue;
 
 		map = bpf_object__add_map(obj);
 		if (IS_ERR(map))
 			return PTR_ERR(map);
 
-		map_name = elf_sym_str(obj, sym.st_name);
+		map_name = elf_sym_str(obj, sym->st_name);
 		if (!map_name) {
 			pr_warn("failed to get map #%d name sym string for obj %s\n",
 				i, obj->path);
 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
 		}
 
-		if (GELF_ST_BIND(sym.st_info) == STB_LOCAL) {
+		if (ELF64_ST_BIND(sym->st_info) == STB_LOCAL) {
 			pr_warn("map '%s' (legacy): static maps are not supported\n", map_name);
 			return -ENOTSUP;
 		}
 
 		map->libbpf_type = LIBBPF_MAP_UNSPEC;
-		map->sec_idx = sym.st_shndx;
-		map->sec_offset = sym.st_value;
+		map->sec_idx = sym->st_shndx;
+		map->sec_offset = sym->st_value;
 		pr_debug("map '%s' (legacy): at sec_idx %d, offset %zu.\n",
 			 map_name, map->sec_idx, map->sec_offset);
-		if (sym.st_value + map_def_sz > data->d_size) {
+		if (sym->st_value + map_def_sz > data->d_size) {
 			pr_warn("corrupted maps section in %s: last map \"%s\" too small\n",
 				obj->path, map_name);
 			return -EINVAL;
@@ -1926,11 +1987,11 @@ static int bpf_object__init_user_maps(struct bpf_object *obj, bool strict)
 
 		map->name = strdup(map_name);
 		if (!map->name) {
-			pr_warn("failed to alloc map name\n");
+			pr_warn("map '%s': failed to alloc map name\n", map_name);
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		}
 		pr_debug("map %d is \"%s\"\n", i, map->name);
-		def = (struct bpf_map_def *)(data->d_buf + sym.st_value);
+		def = (struct bpf_map_def *)(data->d_buf + sym->st_value);
 		/*
 		 * If the definition of the map in the object file fits in
 		 * bpf_map_def, copy it.  Any extra fields in our version
@@ -2014,7 +2075,7 @@ static const char *__btf_kind_str(__u16 kind)
 	case BTF_KIND_VAR: return "var";
 	case BTF_KIND_DATASEC: return "datasec";
 	case BTF_KIND_FLOAT: return "float";
-	case BTF_KIND_TAG: return "tag";
+	case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG: return "decl_tag";
 	default: return "unknown";
 	}
 }
@@ -2264,6 +2325,13 @@ int parse_btf_map_def(const char *map_name, struct btf *btf,
 			}
 			map_def->pinning = val;
 			map_def->parts |= MAP_DEF_PINNING;
+		} else if (strcmp(name, "map_extra") == 0) {
+			__u32 map_extra;
+
+			if (!get_map_field_int(map_name, btf, m, &map_extra))
+				return -EINVAL;
+			map_def->map_extra = map_extra;
+			map_def->parts |= MAP_DEF_MAP_EXTRA;
 		} else {
 			if (strict) {
 				pr_warn("map '%s': unknown field '%s'.\n", map_name, name);
@@ -2288,6 +2356,7 @@ static void fill_map_from_def(struct bpf_map *map, const struct btf_map_def *def
 	map->def.value_size = def->value_size;
 	map->def.max_entries = def->max_entries;
 	map->def.map_flags = def->map_flags;
+	map->map_extra = def->map_extra;
 
 	map->numa_node = def->numa_node;
 	map->btf_key_type_id = def->key_type_id;
@@ -2311,7 +2380,10 @@ static void fill_map_from_def(struct bpf_map *map, const struct btf_map_def *def
 	if (def->parts & MAP_DEF_MAX_ENTRIES)
 		pr_debug("map '%s': found max_entries = %u.\n", map->name, def->max_entries);
 	if (def->parts & MAP_DEF_MAP_FLAGS)
-		pr_debug("map '%s': found map_flags = %u.\n", map->name, def->map_flags);
+		pr_debug("map '%s': found map_flags = 0x%x.\n", map->name, def->map_flags);
+	if (def->parts & MAP_DEF_MAP_EXTRA)
+		pr_debug("map '%s': found map_extra = 0x%llx.\n", map->name,
+			 (unsigned long long)def->map_extra);
 	if (def->parts & MAP_DEF_PINNING)
 		pr_debug("map '%s': found pinning = %u.\n", map->name, def->pinning);
 	if (def->parts & MAP_DEF_NUMA_NODE)
@@ -2448,8 +2520,8 @@ static int bpf_object__init_user_btf_maps(struct bpf_object *obj, bool strict,
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
-	nr_types = btf__get_nr_types(obj->btf);
-	for (i = 1; i <= nr_types; i++) {
+	nr_types = btf__type_cnt(obj->btf);
+	for (i = 1; i < nr_types; i++) {
 		t = btf__type_by_id(obj->btf, i);
 		if (!btf_is_datasec(t))
 			continue;
@@ -2500,12 +2572,13 @@ static int bpf_object__init_maps(struct bpf_object *obj,
 
 static bool section_have_execinstr(struct bpf_object *obj, int idx)
 {
-	GElf_Shdr sh;
+	Elf64_Shdr *sh;
 
-	if (elf_sec_hdr(obj, elf_sec_by_idx(obj, idx), &sh))
+	sh = elf_sec_hdr(obj, elf_sec_by_idx(obj, idx));
+	if (!sh)
 		return false;
 
-	return sh.sh_flags & SHF_EXECINSTR;
+	return sh->sh_flags & SHF_EXECINSTR;
 }
 
 static bool btf_needs_sanitization(struct bpf_object *obj)
@@ -2514,9 +2587,9 @@ static bool btf_needs_sanitization(struct bpf_object *obj)
 	bool has_datasec = kernel_supports(obj, FEAT_BTF_DATASEC);
 	bool has_float = kernel_supports(obj, FEAT_BTF_FLOAT);
 	bool has_func = kernel_supports(obj, FEAT_BTF_FUNC);
-	bool has_tag = kernel_supports(obj, FEAT_BTF_TAG);
+	bool has_decl_tag = kernel_supports(obj, FEAT_BTF_DECL_TAG);
 
-	return !has_func || !has_datasec || !has_func_global || !has_float || !has_tag;
+	return !has_func || !has_datasec || !has_func_global || !has_float || !has_decl_tag;
 }
 
 static void bpf_object__sanitize_btf(struct bpf_object *obj, struct btf *btf)
@@ -2525,15 +2598,15 @@ static void bpf_object__sanitize_btf(struct bpf_object *obj, struct btf *btf)
 	bool has_datasec = kernel_supports(obj, FEAT_BTF_DATASEC);
 	bool has_float = kernel_supports(obj, FEAT_BTF_FLOAT);
 	bool has_func = kernel_supports(obj, FEAT_BTF_FUNC);
-	bool has_tag = kernel_supports(obj, FEAT_BTF_TAG);
+	bool has_decl_tag = kernel_supports(obj, FEAT_BTF_DECL_TAG);
 	struct btf_type *t;
 	int i, j, vlen;
 
-	for (i = 1; i <= btf__get_nr_types(btf); i++) {
+	for (i = 1; i < btf__type_cnt(btf); i++) {
 		t = (struct btf_type *)btf__type_by_id(btf, i);
 
-		if ((!has_datasec && btf_is_var(t)) || (!has_tag && btf_is_tag(t))) {
-			/* replace VAR/TAG with INT */
+		if ((!has_datasec && btf_is_var(t)) || (!has_decl_tag && btf_is_decl_tag(t))) {
+			/* replace VAR/DECL_TAG with INT */
 			t->info = BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_INT, 0, 0);
 			/*
 			 * using size = 1 is the safest choice, 4 will be too
@@ -2640,6 +2713,104 @@ out:
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int compare_vsi_off(const void *_a, const void *_b)
+{
+	const struct btf_var_secinfo *a = _a;
+	const struct btf_var_secinfo *b = _b;
+
+	return a->offset - b->offset;
+}
+
+static int btf_fixup_datasec(struct bpf_object *obj, struct btf *btf,
+			     struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	__u32 size = 0, off = 0, i, vars = btf_vlen(t);
+	const char *name = btf__name_by_offset(btf, t->name_off);
+	const struct btf_type *t_var;
+	struct btf_var_secinfo *vsi;
+	const struct btf_var *var;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!name) {
+		pr_debug("No name found in string section for DATASEC kind.\n");
+		return -ENOENT;
+	}
+
+	/* .extern datasec size and var offsets were set correctly during
+	 * extern collection step, so just skip straight to sorting variables
+	 */
+	if (t->size)
+		goto sort_vars;
+
+	ret = find_elf_sec_sz(obj, name, &size);
+	if (ret || !size || (t->size && t->size != size)) {
+		pr_debug("Invalid size for section %s: %u bytes\n", name, size);
+		return -ENOENT;
+	}
+
+	t->size = size;
+
+	for (i = 0, vsi = btf_var_secinfos(t); i < vars; i++, vsi++) {
+		t_var = btf__type_by_id(btf, vsi->type);
+		var = btf_var(t_var);
+
+		if (!btf_is_var(t_var)) {
+			pr_debug("Non-VAR type seen in section %s\n", name);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+
+		if (var->linkage == BTF_VAR_STATIC)
+			continue;
+
+		name = btf__name_by_offset(btf, t_var->name_off);
+		if (!name) {
+			pr_debug("No name found in string section for VAR kind\n");
+			return -ENOENT;
+		}
+
+		ret = find_elf_var_offset(obj, name, &off);
+		if (ret) {
+			pr_debug("No offset found in symbol table for VAR %s\n",
+				 name);
+			return -ENOENT;
+		}
+
+		vsi->offset = off;
+	}
+
+sort_vars:
+	qsort(btf_var_secinfos(t), vars, sizeof(*vsi), compare_vsi_off);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int btf_finalize_data(struct bpf_object *obj, struct btf *btf)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	__u32 i, n = btf__type_cnt(btf);
+
+	for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
+		struct btf_type *t = btf_type_by_id(btf, i);
+
+		/* Loader needs to fix up some of the things compiler
+		 * couldn't get its hands on while emitting BTF. This
+		 * is section size and global variable offset. We use
+		 * the info from the ELF itself for this purpose.
+		 */
+		if (btf_is_datasec(t)) {
+			err = btf_fixup_datasec(obj, btf, t);
+			if (err)
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return libbpf_err(err);
+}
+
+int btf__finalize_data(struct bpf_object *obj, struct btf *btf)
+{
+	return btf_finalize_data(obj, btf);
+}
+
 static int bpf_object__finalize_btf(struct bpf_object *obj)
 {
 	int err;
@@ -2647,7 +2818,7 @@ static int bpf_object__finalize_btf(struct bpf_object *obj)
 	if (!obj->btf)
 		return 0;
 
-	err = btf__finalize_data(obj, obj->btf);
+	err = btf_finalize_data(obj, obj->btf);
 	if (err) {
 		pr_warn("Error finalizing %s: %d.\n", BTF_ELF_SEC, err);
 		return err;
@@ -2757,8 +2928,8 @@ static int bpf_object__sanitize_and_load_btf(struct bpf_object *obj)
 		if (!prog->mark_btf_static || !prog_is_subprog(obj, prog))
 			continue;
 
-		n = btf__get_nr_types(obj->btf);
-		for (j = 1; j <= n; j++) {
+		n = btf__type_cnt(obj->btf);
+		for (j = 1; j < n; j++) {
 			t = btf_type_by_id(obj->btf, j);
 			if (!btf_is_func(t) || btf_func_linkage(t) != BTF_FUNC_GLOBAL)
 				continue;
@@ -2778,7 +2949,7 @@ static int bpf_object__sanitize_and_load_btf(struct bpf_object *obj)
 		__u32 sz;
 
 		/* clone BTF to sanitize a copy and leave the original intact */
-		raw_data = btf__get_raw_data(obj->btf, &sz);
+		raw_data = btf__raw_data(obj->btf, &sz);
 		kern_btf = btf__new(raw_data, sz);
 		err = libbpf_get_error(kern_btf);
 		if (err)
@@ -2791,7 +2962,7 @@ static int bpf_object__sanitize_and_load_btf(struct bpf_object *obj)
 
 	if (obj->gen_loader) {
 		__u32 raw_size = 0;
-		const void *raw_data = btf__get_raw_data(kern_btf, &raw_size);
+		const void *raw_data = btf__raw_data(kern_btf, &raw_size);
 
 		if (!raw_data)
 			return -ENOMEM;
@@ -2883,32 +3054,36 @@ static Elf_Scn *elf_sec_by_name(const struct bpf_object *obj, const char *name)
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static int elf_sec_hdr(const struct bpf_object *obj, Elf_Scn *scn, GElf_Shdr *hdr)
+static Elf64_Shdr *elf_sec_hdr(const struct bpf_object *obj, Elf_Scn *scn)
 {
+	Elf64_Shdr *shdr;
+
 	if (!scn)
-		return -EINVAL;
+		return NULL;
 
-	if (gelf_getshdr(scn, hdr) != hdr) {
+	shdr = elf64_getshdr(scn);
+	if (!shdr) {
 		pr_warn("elf: failed to get section(%zu) header from %s: %s\n",
 			elf_ndxscn(scn), obj->path, elf_errmsg(-1));
-		return -EINVAL;
+		return NULL;
 	}
 
-	return 0;
+	return shdr;
 }
 
 static const char *elf_sec_name(const struct bpf_object *obj, Elf_Scn *scn)
 {
 	const char *name;
-	GElf_Shdr sh;
+	Elf64_Shdr *sh;
 
 	if (!scn)
 		return NULL;
 
-	if (elf_sec_hdr(obj, scn, &sh))
+	sh = elf_sec_hdr(obj, scn);
+	if (!sh)
 		return NULL;
 
-	name = elf_sec_str(obj, sh.sh_name);
+	name = elf_sec_str(obj, sh->sh_name);
 	if (!name) {
 		pr_warn("elf: failed to get section(%zu) name from %s: %s\n",
 			elf_ndxscn(scn), obj->path, elf_errmsg(-1));
@@ -2936,13 +3111,29 @@ static Elf_Data *elf_sec_data(const struct bpf_object *obj, Elf_Scn *scn)
 	return data;
 }
 
+static Elf64_Sym *elf_sym_by_idx(const struct bpf_object *obj, size_t idx)
+{
+	if (idx >= obj->efile.symbols->d_size / sizeof(Elf64_Sym))
+		return NULL;
+
+	return (Elf64_Sym *)obj->efile.symbols->d_buf + idx;
+}
+
+static Elf64_Rel *elf_rel_by_idx(Elf_Data *data, size_t idx)
+{
+	if (idx >= data->d_size / sizeof(Elf64_Rel))
+		return NULL;
+
+	return (Elf64_Rel *)data->d_buf + idx;
+}
+
 static bool is_sec_name_dwarf(const char *name)
 {
 	/* approximation, but the actual list is too long */
 	return str_has_pfx(name, ".debug_");
 }
 
-static bool ignore_elf_section(GElf_Shdr *hdr, const char *name)
+static bool ignore_elf_section(Elf64_Shdr *hdr, const char *name)
 {
 	/* no special handling of .strtab */
 	if (hdr->sh_type == SHT_STRTAB)
@@ -2990,6 +3181,7 @@ static int cmp_progs(const void *_a, const void *_b)
 
 static int bpf_object__elf_collect(struct bpf_object *obj)
 {
+	struct elf_sec_desc *sec_desc;
 	Elf *elf = obj->efile.elf;
 	Elf_Data *btf_ext_data = NULL;
 	Elf_Data *btf_data = NULL;
@@ -2997,17 +3189,27 @@ static int bpf_object__elf_collect(struct bpf_object *obj)
 	const char *name;
 	Elf_Data *data;
 	Elf_Scn *scn;
-	GElf_Shdr sh;
+	Elf64_Shdr *sh;
+
+	/* ELF section indices are 1-based, so allocate +1 element to keep
+	 * indexing simple. Also include 0th invalid section into sec_cnt for
+	 * simpler and more traditional iteration logic.
+	 */
+	obj->efile.sec_cnt = 1 + obj->efile.ehdr->e_shnum;
+	obj->efile.secs = calloc(obj->efile.sec_cnt, sizeof(*obj->efile.secs));
+	if (!obj->efile.secs)
+		return -ENOMEM;
 
 	/* a bunch of ELF parsing functionality depends on processing symbols,
 	 * so do the first pass and find the symbol table
 	 */
 	scn = NULL;
 	while ((scn = elf_nextscn(elf, scn)) != NULL) {
-		if (elf_sec_hdr(obj, scn, &sh))
+		sh = elf_sec_hdr(obj, scn);
+		if (!sh)
 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
 
-		if (sh.sh_type == SHT_SYMTAB) {
+		if (sh->sh_type == SHT_SYMTAB) {
 			if (obj->efile.symbols) {
 				pr_warn("elf: multiple symbol tables in %s\n", obj->path);
 				return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
@@ -3017,9 +3219,11 @@ static int bpf_object__elf_collect(struct bpf_object *obj)
 			if (!data)
 				return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
 
+			idx = elf_ndxscn(scn);
+
 			obj->efile.symbols = data;
-			obj->efile.symbols_shndx = elf_ndxscn(scn);
-			obj->efile.strtabidx = sh.sh_link;
+			obj->efile.symbols_shndx = idx;
+			obj->efile.strtabidx = sh->sh_link;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -3031,16 +3235,18 @@ static int bpf_object__elf_collect(struct bpf_object *obj)
 
 	scn = NULL;
 	while ((scn = elf_nextscn(elf, scn)) != NULL) {
-		idx++;
+		idx = elf_ndxscn(scn);
+		sec_desc = &obj->efile.secs[idx];
 
-		if (elf_sec_hdr(obj, scn, &sh))
+		sh = elf_sec_hdr(obj, scn);
+		if (!sh)
 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
 
-		name = elf_sec_str(obj, sh.sh_name);
+		name = elf_sec_str(obj, sh->sh_name);
 		if (!name)
 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
 
-		if (ignore_elf_section(&sh, name))
+		if (ignore_elf_section(sh, name))
 			continue;
 
 		data = elf_sec_data(obj, scn);
@@ -3049,8 +3255,8 @@ static int bpf_object__elf_collect(struct bpf_object *obj)
 
 		pr_debug("elf: section(%d) %s, size %ld, link %d, flags %lx, type=%d\n",
 			 idx, name, (unsigned long)data->d_size,
-			 (int)sh.sh_link, (unsigned long)sh.sh_flags,
-			 (int)sh.sh_type);
+			 (int)sh->sh_link, (unsigned long)sh->sh_flags,
+			 (int)sh->sh_type);
 
 		if (strcmp(name, "license") == 0) {
 			err = bpf_object__init_license(obj, data->d_buf, data->d_size);
@@ -3068,21 +3274,25 @@ static int bpf_object__elf_collect(struct bpf_object *obj)
 			btf_data = data;
 		} else if (strcmp(name, BTF_EXT_ELF_SEC) == 0) {
 			btf_ext_data = data;
-		} else if (sh.sh_type == SHT_SYMTAB) {
+		} else if (sh->sh_type == SHT_SYMTAB) {
 			/* already processed during the first pass above */
-		} else if (sh.sh_type == SHT_PROGBITS && data->d_size > 0) {
-			if (sh.sh_flags & SHF_EXECINSTR) {
+		} else if (sh->sh_type == SHT_PROGBITS && data->d_size > 0) {
+			if (sh->sh_flags & SHF_EXECINSTR) {
 				if (strcmp(name, ".text") == 0)
 					obj->efile.text_shndx = idx;
 				err = bpf_object__add_programs(obj, data, name, idx);
 				if (err)
 					return err;
-			} else if (strcmp(name, DATA_SEC) == 0) {
-				obj->efile.data = data;
-				obj->efile.data_shndx = idx;
-			} else if (strcmp(name, RODATA_SEC) == 0) {
-				obj->efile.rodata = data;
-				obj->efile.rodata_shndx = idx;
+			} else if (strcmp(name, DATA_SEC) == 0 ||
+				   str_has_pfx(name, DATA_SEC ".")) {
+				sec_desc->sec_type = SEC_DATA;
+				sec_desc->shdr = sh;
+				sec_desc->data = data;
+			} else if (strcmp(name, RODATA_SEC) == 0 ||
+				   str_has_pfx(name, RODATA_SEC ".")) {
+				sec_desc->sec_type = SEC_RODATA;
+				sec_desc->shdr = sh;
+				sec_desc->data = data;
 			} else if (strcmp(name, STRUCT_OPS_SEC) == 0) {
 				obj->efile.st_ops_data = data;
 				obj->efile.st_ops_shndx = idx;
@@ -3090,37 +3300,29 @@ static int bpf_object__elf_collect(struct bpf_object *obj)
 				pr_info("elf: skipping unrecognized data section(%d) %s\n",
 					idx, name);
 			}
-		} else if (sh.sh_type == SHT_REL) {
-			int nr_sects = obj->efile.nr_reloc_sects;
-			void *sects = obj->efile.reloc_sects;
-			int sec = sh.sh_info; /* points to other section */
+		} else if (sh->sh_type == SHT_REL) {
+			int targ_sec_idx = sh->sh_info; /* points to other section */
 
 			/* Only do relo for section with exec instructions */
-			if (!section_have_execinstr(obj, sec) &&
+			if (!section_have_execinstr(obj, targ_sec_idx) &&
 			    strcmp(name, ".rel" STRUCT_OPS_SEC) &&
 			    strcmp(name, ".rel" MAPS_ELF_SEC)) {
 				pr_info("elf: skipping relo section(%d) %s for section(%d) %s\n",
-					idx, name, sec,
-					elf_sec_name(obj, elf_sec_by_idx(obj, sec)) ?: "<?>");
+					idx, name, targ_sec_idx,
+					elf_sec_name(obj, elf_sec_by_idx(obj, targ_sec_idx)) ?: "<?>");
 				continue;
 			}
 
-			sects = libbpf_reallocarray(sects, nr_sects + 1,
-						    sizeof(*obj->efile.reloc_sects));
-			if (!sects)
-				return -ENOMEM;
-
-			obj->efile.reloc_sects = sects;
-			obj->efile.nr_reloc_sects++;
-
-			obj->efile.reloc_sects[nr_sects].shdr = sh;
-			obj->efile.reloc_sects[nr_sects].data = data;
-		} else if (sh.sh_type == SHT_NOBITS && strcmp(name, BSS_SEC) == 0) {
-			obj->efile.bss = data;
-			obj->efile.bss_shndx = idx;
+			sec_desc->sec_type = SEC_RELO;
+			sec_desc->shdr = sh;
+			sec_desc->data = data;
+		} else if (sh->sh_type == SHT_NOBITS && strcmp(name, BSS_SEC) == 0) {
+			sec_desc->sec_type = SEC_BSS;
+			sec_desc->shdr = sh;
+			sec_desc->data = data;
 		} else {
 			pr_info("elf: skipping section(%d) %s (size %zu)\n", idx, name,
-				(size_t)sh.sh_size);
+				(size_t)sh->sh_size);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -3136,19 +3338,19 @@ static int bpf_object__elf_collect(struct bpf_object *obj)
 	return bpf_object__init_btf(obj, btf_data, btf_ext_data);
 }
 
-static bool sym_is_extern(const GElf_Sym *sym)
+static bool sym_is_extern(const Elf64_Sym *sym)
 {
-	int bind = GELF_ST_BIND(sym->st_info);
+	int bind = ELF64_ST_BIND(sym->st_info);
 	/* externs are symbols w/ type=NOTYPE, bind=GLOBAL|WEAK, section=UND */
 	return sym->st_shndx == SHN_UNDEF &&
 	       (bind == STB_GLOBAL || bind == STB_WEAK) &&
-	       GELF_ST_TYPE(sym->st_info) == STT_NOTYPE;
+	       ELF64_ST_TYPE(sym->st_info) == STT_NOTYPE;
 }
 
-static bool sym_is_subprog(const GElf_Sym *sym, int text_shndx)
+static bool sym_is_subprog(const Elf64_Sym *sym, int text_shndx)
 {
-	int bind = GELF_ST_BIND(sym->st_info);
-	int type = GELF_ST_TYPE(sym->st_info);
+	int bind = ELF64_ST_BIND(sym->st_info);
+	int type = ELF64_ST_TYPE(sym->st_info);
 
 	/* in .text section */
 	if (sym->st_shndx != text_shndx)
@@ -3171,8 +3373,8 @@ static int find_extern_btf_id(const struct btf *btf, const char *ext_name)
 	if (!btf)
 		return -ESRCH;
 
-	n = btf__get_nr_types(btf);
-	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
+	n = btf__type_cnt(btf);
+	for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 		t = btf__type_by_id(btf, i);
 
 		if (!btf_is_var(t) && !btf_is_func(t))
@@ -3203,8 +3405,8 @@ static int find_extern_sec_btf_id(struct btf *btf, int ext_btf_id) {
 	if (!btf)
 		return -ESRCH;
 
-	n = btf__get_nr_types(btf);
-	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
+	n = btf__type_cnt(btf);
+	for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 		t = btf__type_by_id(btf, i);
 
 		if (!btf_is_datasec(t))
@@ -3288,8 +3490,8 @@ static int find_int_btf_id(const struct btf *btf)
 	const struct btf_type *t;
 	int i, n;
 
-	n = btf__get_nr_types(btf);
-	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
+	n = btf__type_cnt(btf);
+	for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 		t = btf__type_by_id(btf, i);
 
 		if (btf_is_int(t) && btf_int_bits(t) == 32)
@@ -3346,30 +3548,31 @@ static int bpf_object__collect_externs(struct bpf_object *obj)
 	int i, n, off, dummy_var_btf_id;
 	const char *ext_name, *sec_name;
 	Elf_Scn *scn;
-	GElf_Shdr sh;
+	Elf64_Shdr *sh;
 
 	if (!obj->efile.symbols)
 		return 0;
 
 	scn = elf_sec_by_idx(obj, obj->efile.symbols_shndx);
-	if (elf_sec_hdr(obj, scn, &sh))
+	sh = elf_sec_hdr(obj, scn);
+	if (!sh)
 		return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
 
 	dummy_var_btf_id = add_dummy_ksym_var(obj->btf);
 	if (dummy_var_btf_id < 0)
 		return dummy_var_btf_id;
 
-	n = sh.sh_size / sh.sh_entsize;
+	n = sh->sh_size / sh->sh_entsize;
 	pr_debug("looking for externs among %d symbols...\n", n);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-		GElf_Sym sym;
+		Elf64_Sym *sym = elf_sym_by_idx(obj, i);
 
-		if (!gelf_getsym(obj->efile.symbols, i, &sym))
+		if (!sym)
 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
-		if (!sym_is_extern(&sym))
+		if (!sym_is_extern(sym))
 			continue;
-		ext_name = elf_sym_str(obj, sym.st_name);
+		ext_name = elf_sym_str(obj, sym->st_name);
 		if (!ext_name || !ext_name[0])
 			continue;
 
@@ -3391,7 +3594,7 @@ static int bpf_object__collect_externs(struct bpf_object *obj)
 		t = btf__type_by_id(obj->btf, ext->btf_id);
 		ext->name = btf__name_by_offset(obj->btf, t->name_off);
 		ext->sym_idx = i;
-		ext->is_weak = GELF_ST_BIND(sym.st_info) == STB_WEAK;
+		ext->is_weak = ELF64_ST_BIND(sym->st_info) == STB_WEAK;
 
 		ext->sec_btf_id = find_extern_sec_btf_id(obj->btf, ext->btf_id);
 		if (ext->sec_btf_id <= 0) {
@@ -3429,11 +3632,6 @@ static int bpf_object__collect_externs(struct bpf_object *obj)
 				return -ENOTSUP;
 			}
 		} else if (strcmp(sec_name, KSYMS_SEC) == 0) {
-			if (btf_is_func(t) && ext->is_weak) {
-				pr_warn("extern weak function %s is unsupported\n",
-					ext->name);
-				return -ENOTSUP;
-			}
 			ksym_sec = sec;
 			ext->type = EXT_KSYM;
 			skip_mods_and_typedefs(obj->btf, t->type,
@@ -3601,9 +3799,14 @@ bpf_object__find_program_by_name(const struct bpf_object *obj,
 static bool bpf_object__shndx_is_data(const struct bpf_object *obj,
 				      int shndx)
 {
-	return shndx == obj->efile.data_shndx ||
-	       shndx == obj->efile.bss_shndx ||
-	       shndx == obj->efile.rodata_shndx;
+	switch (obj->efile.secs[shndx].sec_type) {
+	case SEC_BSS:
+	case SEC_DATA:
+	case SEC_RODATA:
+		return true;
+	default:
+		return false;
+	}
 }
 
 static bool bpf_object__shndx_is_maps(const struct bpf_object *obj,
@@ -3616,22 +3819,25 @@ static bool bpf_object__shndx_is_maps(const struct bpf_object *obj,
 static enum libbpf_map_type
 bpf_object__section_to_libbpf_map_type(const struct bpf_object *obj, int shndx)
 {
-	if (shndx == obj->efile.data_shndx)
-		return LIBBPF_MAP_DATA;
-	else if (shndx == obj->efile.bss_shndx)
+	if (shndx == obj->efile.symbols_shndx)
+		return LIBBPF_MAP_KCONFIG;
+
+	switch (obj->efile.secs[shndx].sec_type) {
+	case SEC_BSS:
 		return LIBBPF_MAP_BSS;
-	else if (shndx == obj->efile.rodata_shndx)
+	case SEC_DATA:
+		return LIBBPF_MAP_DATA;
+	case SEC_RODATA:
 		return LIBBPF_MAP_RODATA;
-	else if (shndx == obj->efile.symbols_shndx)
-		return LIBBPF_MAP_KCONFIG;
-	else
+	default:
 		return LIBBPF_MAP_UNSPEC;
+	}
 }
 
 static int bpf_program__record_reloc(struct bpf_program *prog,
 				     struct reloc_desc *reloc_desc,
 				     __u32 insn_idx, const char *sym_name,
-				     const GElf_Sym *sym, const GElf_Rel *rel)
+				     const Elf64_Sym *sym, const Elf64_Rel *rel)
 {
 	struct bpf_insn *insn = &prog->insns[insn_idx];
 	size_t map_idx, nr_maps = prog->obj->nr_maps;
@@ -3648,7 +3854,7 @@ static int bpf_program__record_reloc(struct bpf_program *prog,
 	}
 
 	if (sym_is_extern(sym)) {
-		int sym_idx = GELF_R_SYM(rel->r_info);
+		int sym_idx = ELF64_R_SYM(rel->r_info);
 		int i, n = obj->nr_extern;
 		struct extern_desc *ext;
 
@@ -3761,7 +3967,7 @@ static int bpf_program__record_reloc(struct bpf_program *prog,
 	}
 	for (map_idx = 0; map_idx < nr_maps; map_idx++) {
 		map = &obj->maps[map_idx];
-		if (map->libbpf_type != type)
+		if (map->libbpf_type != type || map->sec_idx != sym->st_shndx)
 			continue;
 		pr_debug("prog '%s': found data map %zd (%s, sec %d, off %zu) for insn %u\n",
 			 prog->name, map_idx, map->name, map->sec_idx,
@@ -3813,9 +4019,8 @@ static struct bpf_program *find_prog_by_sec_insn(const struct bpf_object *obj,
 }
 
 static int
-bpf_object__collect_prog_relos(struct bpf_object *obj, GElf_Shdr *shdr, Elf_Data *data)
+bpf_object__collect_prog_relos(struct bpf_object *obj, Elf64_Shdr *shdr, Elf_Data *data)
 {
-	Elf_Data *symbols = obj->efile.symbols;
 	const char *relo_sec_name, *sec_name;
 	size_t sec_idx = shdr->sh_info;
 	struct bpf_program *prog;
@@ -3825,8 +4030,8 @@ bpf_object__collect_prog_relos(struct bpf_object *obj, GElf_Shdr *shdr, Elf_Data
 	__u32 insn_idx;
 	Elf_Scn *scn;
 	Elf_Data *scn_data;
-	GElf_Sym sym;
-	GElf_Rel rel;
+	Elf64_Sym *sym;
+	Elf64_Rel *rel;
 
 	scn = elf_sec_by_idx(obj, sec_idx);
 	scn_data = elf_sec_data(obj, scn);
@@ -3841,33 +4046,36 @@ bpf_object__collect_prog_relos(struct bpf_object *obj, GElf_Shdr *shdr, Elf_Data
 	nrels = shdr->sh_size / shdr->sh_entsize;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < nrels; i++) {
-		if (!gelf_getrel(data, i, &rel)) {
+		rel = elf_rel_by_idx(data, i);
+		if (!rel) {
 			pr_warn("sec '%s': failed to get relo #%d\n", relo_sec_name, i);
 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
 		}
-		if (!gelf_getsym(symbols, GELF_R_SYM(rel.r_info), &sym)) {
+
+		sym = elf_sym_by_idx(obj, ELF64_R_SYM(rel->r_info));
+		if (!sym) {
 			pr_warn("sec '%s': symbol 0x%zx not found for relo #%d\n",
-				relo_sec_name, (size_t)GELF_R_SYM(rel.r_info), i);
+				relo_sec_name, (size_t)ELF64_R_SYM(rel->r_info), i);
 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
 		}
 
-		if (rel.r_offset % BPF_INSN_SZ || rel.r_offset >= scn_data->d_size) {
+		if (rel->r_offset % BPF_INSN_SZ || rel->r_offset >= scn_data->d_size) {
 			pr_warn("sec '%s': invalid offset 0x%zx for relo #%d\n",
-				relo_sec_name, (size_t)GELF_R_SYM(rel.r_info), i);
+				relo_sec_name, (size_t)ELF64_R_SYM(rel->r_info), i);
 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
 		}
 
-		insn_idx = rel.r_offset / BPF_INSN_SZ;
+		insn_idx = rel->r_offset / BPF_INSN_SZ;
 		/* relocations against static functions are recorded as
 		 * relocations against the section that contains a function;
 		 * in such case, symbol will be STT_SECTION and sym.st_name
 		 * will point to empty string (0), so fetch section name
 		 * instead
 		 */
-		if (GELF_ST_TYPE(sym.st_info) == STT_SECTION && sym.st_name == 0)
-			sym_name = elf_sec_name(obj, elf_sec_by_idx(obj, sym.st_shndx));
+		if (ELF64_ST_TYPE(sym->st_info) == STT_SECTION && sym->st_name == 0)
+			sym_name = elf_sec_name(obj, elf_sec_by_idx(obj, sym->st_shndx));
 		else
-			sym_name = elf_sym_str(obj, sym.st_name);
+			sym_name = elf_sym_str(obj, sym->st_name);
 		sym_name = sym_name ?: "<?";
 
 		pr_debug("sec '%s': relo #%d: insn #%u against '%s'\n",
@@ -3889,7 +4097,7 @@ bpf_object__collect_prog_relos(struct bpf_object *obj, GElf_Shdr *shdr, Elf_Data
 		/* adjust insn_idx to local BPF program frame of reference */
 		insn_idx -= prog->sec_insn_off;
 		err = bpf_program__record_reloc(prog, &relos[prog->nr_reloc],
-						insn_idx, sym_name, &sym, &rel);
+						insn_idx, sym_name, sym, rel);
 		if (err)
 			return err;
 
@@ -3921,8 +4129,7 @@ static int bpf_map_find_btf_info(struct bpf_object *obj, struct bpf_map *map)
 		 * LLVM annotates global data differently in BTF, that is,
 		 * only as '.data', '.bss' or '.rodata'.
 		 */
-		ret = btf__find_by_name(obj->btf,
-				libbpf_type_to_btf_name[map->libbpf_type]);
+		ret = btf__find_by_name(obj->btf, map->real_name);
 	}
 	if (ret < 0)
 		return ret;
@@ -4015,6 +4222,7 @@ int bpf_map__reuse_fd(struct bpf_map *map, int fd)
 	map->btf_key_type_id = info.btf_key_type_id;
 	map->btf_value_type_id = info.btf_value_type_id;
 	map->reused = true;
+	map->map_extra = info.map_extra;
 
 	return 0;
 
@@ -4243,7 +4451,7 @@ static int probe_kern_btf_float(void)
 					     strs, sizeof(strs)));
 }
 
-static int probe_kern_btf_tag(void)
+static int probe_kern_btf_decl_tag(void)
 {
 	static const char strs[] = "\0tag";
 	__u32 types[] = {
@@ -4253,7 +4461,7 @@ static int probe_kern_btf_tag(void)
 		BTF_TYPE_ENC(1, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_VAR, 0, 0), 1),
 		BTF_VAR_STATIC,
 		/* attr */
-		BTF_TYPE_TAG_ENC(1, 2, -1),
+		BTF_TYPE_DECL_TAG_ENC(1, 2, -1),
 	};
 
 	return probe_fd(libbpf__load_raw_btf((char *)types, sizeof(types),
@@ -4476,8 +4684,8 @@ static struct kern_feature_desc {
 	[FEAT_PERF_LINK] = {
 		"BPF perf link support", probe_perf_link,
 	},
-	[FEAT_BTF_TAG] = {
-		"BTF_KIND_TAG support", probe_kern_btf_tag,
+	[FEAT_BTF_DECL_TAG] = {
+		"BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG support", probe_kern_btf_decl_tag,
 	},
 };
 
@@ -4529,7 +4737,8 @@ static bool map_is_reuse_compat(const struct bpf_map *map, int map_fd)
 		map_info.key_size == map->def.key_size &&
 		map_info.value_size == map->def.value_size &&
 		map_info.max_entries == map->def.max_entries &&
-		map_info.map_flags == map->def.map_flags);
+		map_info.map_flags == map->def.map_flags &&
+		map_info.map_extra == map->map_extra);
 }
 
 static int
@@ -4612,7 +4821,7 @@ static void bpf_map__destroy(struct bpf_map *map);
 
 static int bpf_object__create_map(struct bpf_object *obj, struct bpf_map *map, bool is_inner)
 {
-	struct bpf_create_map_attr create_attr;
+	struct bpf_create_map_params create_attr;
 	struct bpf_map_def *def = &map->def;
 	int err = 0;
 
@@ -4626,6 +4835,7 @@ static int bpf_object__create_map(struct bpf_object *obj, struct bpf_map *map, b
 	create_attr.key_size = def->key_size;
 	create_attr.value_size = def->value_size;
 	create_attr.numa_node = map->numa_node;
+	create_attr.map_extra = map->map_extra;
 
 	if (def->type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERF_EVENT_ARRAY && !def->max_entries) {
 		int nr_cpus;
@@ -4700,7 +4910,7 @@ static int bpf_object__create_map(struct bpf_object *obj, struct bpf_map *map, b
 		 */
 		map->fd = 0;
 	} else {
-		map->fd = bpf_create_map_xattr(&create_attr);
+		map->fd = libbpf__bpf_create_map_xattr(&create_attr);
 	}
 	if (map->fd < 0 && (create_attr.btf_key_type_id ||
 			    create_attr.btf_value_type_id)) {
@@ -4715,7 +4925,7 @@ static int bpf_object__create_map(struct bpf_object *obj, struct bpf_map *map, b
 		create_attr.btf_value_type_id = 0;
 		map->btf_key_type_id = 0;
 		map->btf_value_type_id = 0;
-		map->fd = bpf_create_map_xattr(&create_attr);
+		map->fd = libbpf__bpf_create_map_xattr(&create_attr);
 	}
 
 	err = map->fd < 0 ? -errno : 0;
@@ -4892,8 +5102,8 @@ static int bpf_core_add_cands(struct bpf_core_cand *local_cand,
 	size_t targ_essent_len;
 	int n, i;
 
-	n = btf__get_nr_types(targ_btf);
-	for (i = targ_start_id; i <= n; i++) {
+	n = btf__type_cnt(targ_btf);
+	for (i = targ_start_id; i < n; i++) {
 		t = btf__type_by_id(targ_btf, i);
 		if (btf_kind(t) != btf_kind(local_cand->t))
 			continue;
@@ -5068,7 +5278,7 @@ bpf_core_find_cands(struct bpf_object *obj, const struct btf *local_btf, __u32 l
 		err = bpf_core_add_cands(&local_cand, local_essent_len,
 					 obj->btf_modules[i].btf,
 					 obj->btf_modules[i].name,
-					 btf__get_nr_types(obj->btf_vmlinux) + 1,
+					 btf__type_cnt(obj->btf_vmlinux),
 					 cands);
 		if (err)
 			goto err_out;
@@ -5212,7 +5422,7 @@ static int bpf_core_apply_relo(struct bpf_program *prog,
 	 * relocated, so it's enough to just subtract in-section offset
 	 */
 	insn_idx = insn_idx - prog->sec_insn_off;
-	if (insn_idx > prog->insns_cnt)
+	if (insn_idx >= prog->insns_cnt)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	insn = &prog->insns[insn_idx];
 
@@ -5406,7 +5616,13 @@ bpf_object__relocate_data(struct bpf_object *obj, struct bpf_program *prog)
 		case RELO_EXTERN_FUNC:
 			ext = &obj->externs[relo->sym_off];
 			insn[0].src_reg = BPF_PSEUDO_KFUNC_CALL;
-			insn[0].imm = ext->ksym.kernel_btf_id;
+			if (ext->is_set) {
+				insn[0].imm = ext->ksym.kernel_btf_id;
+				insn[0].off = ext->ksym.btf_fd_idx;
+			} else { /* unresolved weak kfunc */
+				insn[0].imm = 0;
+				insn[0].off = 0;
+			}
 			break;
 		case RELO_SUBPROG_ADDR:
 			if (insn[0].src_reg != BPF_PSEUDO_FUNC) {
@@ -5931,10 +6147,10 @@ bpf_object__relocate(struct bpf_object *obj, const char *targ_btf_path)
 }
 
 static int bpf_object__collect_st_ops_relos(struct bpf_object *obj,
-					    GElf_Shdr *shdr, Elf_Data *data);
+					    Elf64_Shdr *shdr, Elf_Data *data);
 
 static int bpf_object__collect_map_relos(struct bpf_object *obj,
-					 GElf_Shdr *shdr, Elf_Data *data)
+					 Elf64_Shdr *shdr, Elf_Data *data)
 {
 	const int bpf_ptr_sz = 8, host_ptr_sz = sizeof(void *);
 	int i, j, nrels, new_sz;
@@ -5943,10 +6159,9 @@ static int bpf_object__collect_map_relos(struct bpf_object *obj,
 	struct bpf_map *map = NULL, *targ_map;
 	const struct btf_member *member;
 	const char *name, *mname;
-	Elf_Data *symbols;
 	unsigned int moff;
-	GElf_Sym sym;
-	GElf_Rel rel;
+	Elf64_Sym *sym;
+	Elf64_Rel *rel;
 	void *tmp;
 
 	if (!obj->efile.btf_maps_sec_btf_id || !obj->btf)
@@ -5955,28 +6170,30 @@ static int bpf_object__collect_map_relos(struct bpf_object *obj,
 	if (!sec)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	symbols = obj->efile.symbols;
 	nrels = shdr->sh_size / shdr->sh_entsize;
 	for (i = 0; i < nrels; i++) {
-		if (!gelf_getrel(data, i, &rel)) {
+		rel = elf_rel_by_idx(data, i);
+		if (!rel) {
 			pr_warn(".maps relo #%d: failed to get ELF relo\n", i);
 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
 		}
-		if (!gelf_getsym(symbols, GELF_R_SYM(rel.r_info), &sym)) {
+
+		sym = elf_sym_by_idx(obj, ELF64_R_SYM(rel->r_info));
+		if (!sym) {
 			pr_warn(".maps relo #%d: symbol %zx not found\n",
-				i, (size_t)GELF_R_SYM(rel.r_info));
+				i, (size_t)ELF64_R_SYM(rel->r_info));
 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
 		}
-		name = elf_sym_str(obj, sym.st_name) ?: "<?>";
-		if (sym.st_shndx != obj->efile.btf_maps_shndx) {
+		name = elf_sym_str(obj, sym->st_name) ?: "<?>";
+		if (sym->st_shndx != obj->efile.btf_maps_shndx) {
 			pr_warn(".maps relo #%d: '%s' isn't a BTF-defined map\n",
 				i, name);
 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__RELOC;
 		}
 
-		pr_debug(".maps relo #%d: for %zd value %zd rel.r_offset %zu name %d ('%s')\n",
-			 i, (ssize_t)(rel.r_info >> 32), (size_t)sym.st_value,
-			 (size_t)rel.r_offset, sym.st_name, name);
+		pr_debug(".maps relo #%d: for %zd value %zd rel->r_offset %zu name %d ('%s')\n",
+			 i, (ssize_t)(rel->r_info >> 32), (size_t)sym->st_value,
+			 (size_t)rel->r_offset, sym->st_name, name);
 
 		for (j = 0; j < obj->nr_maps; j++) {
 			map = &obj->maps[j];
@@ -5984,13 +6201,13 @@ static int bpf_object__collect_map_relos(struct bpf_object *obj,
 				continue;
 
 			vi = btf_var_secinfos(sec) + map->btf_var_idx;
-			if (vi->offset <= rel.r_offset &&
-			    rel.r_offset + bpf_ptr_sz <= vi->offset + vi->size)
+			if (vi->offset <= rel->r_offset &&
+			    rel->r_offset + bpf_ptr_sz <= vi->offset + vi->size)
 				break;
 		}
 		if (j == obj->nr_maps) {
-			pr_warn(".maps relo #%d: cannot find map '%s' at rel.r_offset %zu\n",
-				i, name, (size_t)rel.r_offset);
+			pr_warn(".maps relo #%d: cannot find map '%s' at rel->r_offset %zu\n",
+				i, name, (size_t)rel->r_offset);
 			return -EINVAL;
 		}
 
@@ -6017,10 +6234,10 @@ static int bpf_object__collect_map_relos(struct bpf_object *obj,
 			return -EINVAL;
 
 		moff = btf_member_bit_offset(def, btf_vlen(def) - 1) / 8;
-		if (rel.r_offset - vi->offset < moff)
+		if (rel->r_offset - vi->offset < moff)
 			return -EINVAL;
 
-		moff = rel.r_offset - vi->offset - moff;
+		moff = rel->r_offset - vi->offset - moff;
 		/* here we use BPF pointer size, which is always 64 bit, as we
 		 * are parsing ELF that was built for BPF target
 		 */
@@ -6065,10 +6282,18 @@ static int bpf_object__collect_relos(struct bpf_object *obj)
 {
 	int i, err;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < obj->efile.nr_reloc_sects; i++) {
-		GElf_Shdr *shdr = &obj->efile.reloc_sects[i].shdr;
-		Elf_Data *data = obj->efile.reloc_sects[i].data;
-		int idx = shdr->sh_info;
+	for (i = 0; i < obj->efile.sec_cnt; i++) {
+		struct elf_sec_desc *sec_desc = &obj->efile.secs[i];
+		Elf64_Shdr *shdr;
+		Elf_Data *data;
+		int idx;
+
+		if (sec_desc->sec_type != SEC_RELO)
+			continue;
+
+		shdr = sec_desc->shdr;
+		data = sec_desc->data;
+		idx = shdr->sh_info;
 
 		if (shdr->sh_type != SHT_REL) {
 			pr_warn("internal error at %d\n", __LINE__);
@@ -6191,6 +6416,7 @@ load_program(struct bpf_program *prog, struct bpf_insn *insns, int insns_cnt,
 	     char *license, __u32 kern_version, int *pfd)
 {
 	struct bpf_prog_load_params load_attr = {};
+	struct bpf_object *obj = prog->obj;
 	char *cp, errmsg[STRERR_BUFSIZE];
 	size_t log_buf_size = 0;
 	char *log_buf = NULL;
@@ -6211,7 +6437,7 @@ load_program(struct bpf_program *prog, struct bpf_insn *insns, int insns_cnt,
 
 	load_attr.prog_type = prog->type;
 	load_attr.expected_attach_type = prog->expected_attach_type;
-	if (kernel_supports(prog->obj, FEAT_PROG_NAME))
+	if (kernel_supports(obj, FEAT_PROG_NAME))
 		load_attr.name = prog->name;
 	load_attr.insns = insns;
 	load_attr.insn_cnt = insns_cnt;
@@ -6224,8 +6450,8 @@ load_program(struct bpf_program *prog, struct bpf_insn *insns, int insns_cnt,
 	load_attr.prog_ifindex = prog->prog_ifindex;
 
 	/* specify func_info/line_info only if kernel supports them */
-	btf_fd = bpf_object__btf_fd(prog->obj);
-	if (btf_fd >= 0 && kernel_supports(prog->obj, FEAT_BTF_FUNC)) {
+	btf_fd = bpf_object__btf_fd(obj);
+	if (btf_fd >= 0 && kernel_supports(obj, FEAT_BTF_FUNC)) {
 		load_attr.prog_btf_fd = btf_fd;
 		load_attr.func_info = prog->func_info;
 		load_attr.func_info_rec_size = prog->func_info_rec_size;
@@ -6236,6 +6462,7 @@ load_program(struct bpf_program *prog, struct bpf_insn *insns, int insns_cnt,
 	}
 	load_attr.log_level = prog->log_level;
 	load_attr.prog_flags = prog->prog_flags;
+	load_attr.fd_array = obj->fd_array;
 
 	/* adjust load_attr if sec_def provides custom preload callback */
 	if (prog->sec_def && prog->sec_def->preload_fn) {
@@ -6247,9 +6474,9 @@ load_program(struct bpf_program *prog, struct bpf_insn *insns, int insns_cnt,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (prog->obj->gen_loader) {
-		bpf_gen__prog_load(prog->obj->gen_loader, &load_attr,
-				   prog - prog->obj->programs);
+	if (obj->gen_loader) {
+		bpf_gen__prog_load(obj->gen_loader, &load_attr,
+				   prog - obj->programs);
 		*pfd = -1;
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -6270,16 +6497,21 @@ retry_load:
 		if (log_buf && load_attr.log_level)
 			pr_debug("verifier log:\n%s", log_buf);
 
-		if (prog->obj->rodata_map_idx >= 0 &&
-		    kernel_supports(prog->obj, FEAT_PROG_BIND_MAP)) {
-			struct bpf_map *rodata_map =
-				&prog->obj->maps[prog->obj->rodata_map_idx];
+		if (obj->has_rodata && kernel_supports(obj, FEAT_PROG_BIND_MAP)) {
+			struct bpf_map *map;
+			int i;
+
+			for (i = 0; i < obj->nr_maps; i++) {
+				map = &prog->obj->maps[i];
+				if (map->libbpf_type != LIBBPF_MAP_RODATA)
+					continue;
 
-			if (bpf_prog_bind_map(ret, bpf_map__fd(rodata_map), NULL)) {
-				cp = libbpf_strerror_r(errno, errmsg, sizeof(errmsg));
-				pr_warn("prog '%s': failed to bind .rodata map: %s\n",
-					prog->name, cp);
-				/* Don't fail hard if can't bind rodata. */
+				if (bpf_prog_bind_map(ret, bpf_map__fd(map), NULL)) {
+					cp = libbpf_strerror_r(errno, errmsg, sizeof(errmsg));
+					pr_warn("prog '%s': failed to bind .rodata map: %s\n",
+						prog->name, cp);
+					/* Don't fail hard if can't bind rodata. */
+				}
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -6343,16 +6575,13 @@ static int bpf_program__record_externs(struct bpf_program *prog)
 		case RELO_EXTERN_VAR:
 			if (ext->type != EXT_KSYM)
 				continue;
-			if (!ext->ksym.type_id) {
-				pr_warn("typeless ksym %s is not supported yet\n",
-					ext->name);
-				return -ENOTSUP;
-			}
-			bpf_gen__record_extern(obj->gen_loader, ext->name, BTF_KIND_VAR,
-					       relo->insn_idx);
+			bpf_gen__record_extern(obj->gen_loader, ext->name,
+					       ext->is_weak, !ext->ksym.type_id,
+					       BTF_KIND_VAR, relo->insn_idx);
 			break;
 		case RELO_EXTERN_FUNC:
-			bpf_gen__record_extern(obj->gen_loader, ext->name, BTF_KIND_FUNC,
+			bpf_gen__record_extern(obj->gen_loader, ext->name,
+					       ext->is_weak, false, BTF_KIND_FUNC,
 					       relo->insn_idx);
 			break;
 		default:
@@ -6438,8 +6667,6 @@ int bpf_program__load(struct bpf_program *prog, char *license, __u32 kern_ver)
 out:
 	if (err)
 		pr_warn("failed to load program '%s'\n", prog->name);
-	zfree(&prog->insns);
-	prog->insns_cnt = 0;
 	return libbpf_err(err);
 }
 
@@ -6660,7 +6887,7 @@ bpf_object__open_buffer(const void *obj_buf, size_t obj_buf_sz,
 	return libbpf_ptr(__bpf_object__open(NULL, obj_buf, obj_buf_sz, &opts));
 }
 
-int bpf_object__unload(struct bpf_object *obj)
+static int bpf_object_unload(struct bpf_object *obj)
 {
 	size_t i;
 
@@ -6679,6 +6906,8 @@ int bpf_object__unload(struct bpf_object *obj)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int bpf_object__unload(struct bpf_object *obj) __attribute__((alias("bpf_object_unload")));
+
 static int bpf_object__sanitize_maps(struct bpf_object *obj)
 {
 	struct bpf_map *m;
@@ -6752,13 +6981,14 @@ out:
 
 static int find_ksym_btf_id(struct bpf_object *obj, const char *ksym_name,
 			    __u16 kind, struct btf **res_btf,
-			    int *res_btf_fd)
+			    struct module_btf **res_mod_btf)
 {
-	int i, id, btf_fd, err;
+	struct module_btf *mod_btf;
 	struct btf *btf;
+	int i, id, err;
 
 	btf = obj->btf_vmlinux;
-	btf_fd = 0;
+	mod_btf = NULL;
 	id = btf__find_by_name_kind(btf, ksym_name, kind);
 
 	if (id == -ENOENT) {
@@ -6767,10 +6997,10 @@ static int find_ksym_btf_id(struct bpf_object *obj, const char *ksym_name,
 			return err;
 
 		for (i = 0; i < obj->btf_module_cnt; i++) {
-			btf = obj->btf_modules[i].btf;
-			/* we assume module BTF FD is always >0 */
-			btf_fd = obj->btf_modules[i].fd;
-			id = btf__find_by_name_kind(btf, ksym_name, kind);
+			/* we assume module_btf's BTF FD is always >0 */
+			mod_btf = &obj->btf_modules[i];
+			btf = mod_btf->btf;
+			id = btf__find_by_name_kind_own(btf, ksym_name, kind);
 			if (id != -ENOENT)
 				break;
 		}
@@ -6779,7 +7009,7 @@ static int find_ksym_btf_id(struct bpf_object *obj, const char *ksym_name,
 		return -ESRCH;
 
 	*res_btf = btf;
-	*res_btf_fd = btf_fd;
+	*res_mod_btf = mod_btf;
 	return id;
 }
 
@@ -6788,14 +7018,15 @@ static int bpf_object__resolve_ksym_var_btf_id(struct bpf_object *obj,
 {
 	const struct btf_type *targ_var, *targ_type;
 	__u32 targ_type_id, local_type_id;
+	struct module_btf *mod_btf = NULL;
 	const char *targ_var_name;
-	int id, btf_fd = 0, err;
 	struct btf *btf = NULL;
+	int id, err;
 
-	id = find_ksym_btf_id(obj, ext->name, BTF_KIND_VAR, &btf, &btf_fd);
-	if (id == -ESRCH && ext->is_weak) {
-		return 0;
-	} else if (id < 0) {
+	id = find_ksym_btf_id(obj, ext->name, BTF_KIND_VAR, &btf, &mod_btf);
+	if (id < 0) {
+		if (id == -ESRCH && ext->is_weak)
+			return 0;
 		pr_warn("extern (var ksym) '%s': not found in kernel BTF\n",
 			ext->name);
 		return id;
@@ -6827,7 +7058,7 @@ static int bpf_object__resolve_ksym_var_btf_id(struct bpf_object *obj,
 	}
 
 	ext->is_set = true;
-	ext->ksym.kernel_btf_obj_fd = btf_fd;
+	ext->ksym.kernel_btf_obj_fd = mod_btf ? mod_btf->fd : 0;
 	ext->ksym.kernel_btf_id = id;
 	pr_debug("extern (var ksym) '%s': resolved to [%d] %s %s\n",
 		 ext->name, id, btf_kind_str(targ_var), targ_var_name);
@@ -6839,26 +7070,22 @@ static int bpf_object__resolve_ksym_func_btf_id(struct bpf_object *obj,
 						struct extern_desc *ext)
 {
 	int local_func_proto_id, kfunc_proto_id, kfunc_id;
+	struct module_btf *mod_btf = NULL;
 	const struct btf_type *kern_func;
 	struct btf *kern_btf = NULL;
-	int ret, kern_btf_fd = 0;
+	int ret;
 
 	local_func_proto_id = ext->ksym.type_id;
 
-	kfunc_id = find_ksym_btf_id(obj, ext->name, BTF_KIND_FUNC,
-				    &kern_btf, &kern_btf_fd);
+	kfunc_id = find_ksym_btf_id(obj, ext->name, BTF_KIND_FUNC, &kern_btf, &mod_btf);
 	if (kfunc_id < 0) {
-		pr_warn("extern (func ksym) '%s': not found in kernel BTF\n",
+		if (kfunc_id == -ESRCH && ext->is_weak)
+			return 0;
+		pr_warn("extern (func ksym) '%s': not found in kernel or module BTFs\n",
 			ext->name);
 		return kfunc_id;
 	}
 
-	if (kern_btf != obj->btf_vmlinux) {
-		pr_warn("extern (func ksym) '%s': function in kernel module is not supported\n",
-			ext->name);
-		return -ENOTSUP;
-	}
-
 	kern_func = btf__type_by_id(kern_btf, kfunc_id);
 	kfunc_proto_id = kern_func->type;
 
@@ -6870,9 +7097,30 @@ static int bpf_object__resolve_ksym_func_btf_id(struct bpf_object *obj,
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
+	/* set index for module BTF fd in fd_array, if unset */
+	if (mod_btf && !mod_btf->fd_array_idx) {
+		/* insn->off is s16 */
+		if (obj->fd_array_cnt == INT16_MAX) {
+			pr_warn("extern (func ksym) '%s': module BTF fd index %d too big to fit in bpf_insn offset\n",
+				ext->name, mod_btf->fd_array_idx);
+			return -E2BIG;
+		}
+		/* Cannot use index 0 for module BTF fd */
+		if (!obj->fd_array_cnt)
+			obj->fd_array_cnt = 1;
+
+		ret = libbpf_ensure_mem((void **)&obj->fd_array, &obj->fd_array_cap, sizeof(int),
+					obj->fd_array_cnt + 1);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+		mod_btf->fd_array_idx = obj->fd_array_cnt;
+		/* we assume module BTF FD is always >0 */
+		obj->fd_array[obj->fd_array_cnt++] = mod_btf->fd;
+	}
+
 	ext->is_set = true;
-	ext->ksym.kernel_btf_obj_fd = kern_btf_fd;
 	ext->ksym.kernel_btf_id = kfunc_id;
+	ext->ksym.btf_fd_idx = mod_btf ? mod_btf->fd_array_idx : 0;
 	pr_debug("extern (func ksym) '%s': resolved to kernel [%d]\n",
 		 ext->name, kfunc_id);
 
@@ -7032,6 +7280,9 @@ int bpf_object__load_xattr(struct bpf_object_load_attr *attr)
 			err = bpf_gen__finish(obj->gen_loader);
 	}
 
+	/* clean up fd_array */
+	zfree(&obj->fd_array);
+
 	/* clean up module BTFs */
 	for (i = 0; i < obj->btf_module_cnt; i++) {
 		close(obj->btf_modules[i].fd);
@@ -7056,7 +7307,7 @@ out:
 		if (obj->maps[i].pinned && !obj->maps[i].reused)
 			bpf_map__unpin(&obj->maps[i], NULL);
 
-	bpf_object__unload(obj);
+	bpf_object_unload(obj);
 	pr_warn("failed to load object '%s'\n", obj->path);
 	return libbpf_err(err);
 }
@@ -7122,8 +7373,7 @@ static int check_path(const char *path)
 	return err;
 }
 
-int bpf_program__pin_instance(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path,
-			      int instance)
+static int bpf_program_pin_instance(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path, int instance)
 {
 	char *cp, errmsg[STRERR_BUFSIZE];
 	int err;
@@ -7158,8 +7408,7 @@ int bpf_program__pin_instance(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int bpf_program__unpin_instance(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path,
-				int instance)
+static int bpf_program_unpin_instance(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path, int instance)
 {
 	int err;
 
@@ -7187,6 +7436,12 @@ int bpf_program__unpin_instance(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+__attribute__((alias("bpf_program_pin_instance")))
+int bpf_object__pin_instance(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path, int instance);
+
+__attribute__((alias("bpf_program_unpin_instance")))
+int bpf_program__unpin_instance(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path, int instance);
+
 int bpf_program__pin(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path)
 {
 	int i, err;
@@ -7211,7 +7466,7 @@ int bpf_program__pin(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path)
 
 	if (prog->instances.nr == 1) {
 		/* don't create subdirs when pinning single instance */
-		return bpf_program__pin_instance(prog, path, 0);
+		return bpf_program_pin_instance(prog, path, 0);
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < prog->instances.nr; i++) {
@@ -7227,7 +7482,7 @@ int bpf_program__pin(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path)
 			goto err_unpin;
 		}
 
-		err = bpf_program__pin_instance(prog, buf, i);
+		err = bpf_program_pin_instance(prog, buf, i);
 		if (err)
 			goto err_unpin;
 	}
@@ -7245,7 +7500,7 @@ err_unpin:
 		else if (len >= PATH_MAX)
 			continue;
 
-		bpf_program__unpin_instance(prog, buf, i);
+		bpf_program_unpin_instance(prog, buf, i);
 	}
 
 	rmdir(path);
@@ -7273,7 +7528,7 @@ int bpf_program__unpin(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path)
 
 	if (prog->instances.nr == 1) {
 		/* don't create subdirs when pinning single instance */
-		return bpf_program__unpin_instance(prog, path, 0);
+		return bpf_program_unpin_instance(prog, path, 0);
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < prog->instances.nr; i++) {
@@ -7286,7 +7541,7 @@ int bpf_program__unpin(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path)
 		else if (len >= PATH_MAX)
 			return libbpf_err(-ENAMETOOLONG);
 
-		err = bpf_program__unpin_instance(prog, buf, i);
+		err = bpf_program_unpin_instance(prog, buf, i);
 		if (err)
 			return err;
 	}
@@ -7647,6 +7902,7 @@ static void bpf_map__destroy(struct bpf_map *map)
 	}
 
 	zfree(&map->name);
+	zfree(&map->real_name);
 	zfree(&map->pin_path);
 
 	if (map->fd >= 0)
@@ -7665,7 +7921,7 @@ void bpf_object__close(struct bpf_object *obj)
 
 	bpf_gen__free(obj->gen_loader);
 	bpf_object__elf_finish(obj);
-	bpf_object__unload(obj);
+	bpf_object_unload(obj);
 	btf__free(obj->btf);
 	btf_ext__free(obj->btf_ext);
 
@@ -7694,6 +7950,10 @@ struct bpf_object *
 bpf_object__next(struct bpf_object *prev)
 {
 	struct bpf_object *next;
+	bool strict = (libbpf_mode & LIBBPF_STRICT_NO_OBJECT_LIST);
+
+	if (strict)
+		return NULL;
 
 	if (!prev)
 		next = list_first_entry(&bpf_objects_list,
@@ -7800,6 +8060,12 @@ __bpf_program__iter(const struct bpf_program *p, const struct bpf_object *obj,
 struct bpf_program *
 bpf_program__next(struct bpf_program *prev, const struct bpf_object *obj)
 {
+	return bpf_object__next_program(obj, prev);
+}
+
+struct bpf_program *
+bpf_object__next_program(const struct bpf_object *obj, struct bpf_program *prev)
+{
 	struct bpf_program *prog = prev;
 
 	do {
@@ -7812,6 +8078,12 @@ bpf_program__next(struct bpf_program *prev, const struct bpf_object *obj)
 struct bpf_program *
 bpf_program__prev(struct bpf_program *next, const struct bpf_object *obj)
 {
+	return bpf_object__prev_program(obj, next);
+}
+
+struct bpf_program *
+bpf_object__prev_program(const struct bpf_object *obj, struct bpf_program *next)
+{
 	struct bpf_program *prog = next;
 
 	do {
@@ -7892,6 +8164,16 @@ size_t bpf_program__size(const struct bpf_program *prog)
 	return prog->insns_cnt * BPF_INSN_SZ;
 }
 
+const struct bpf_insn *bpf_program__insns(const struct bpf_program *prog)
+{
+	return prog->insns;
+}
+
+size_t bpf_program__insn_cnt(const struct bpf_program *prog)
+{
+	return prog->insns_cnt;
+}
+
 int bpf_program__set_prep(struct bpf_program *prog, int nr_instances,
 			  bpf_program_prep_t prep)
 {
@@ -8030,6 +8312,8 @@ static const struct bpf_sec_def section_defs[] = {
 	SEC_DEF("tp/",			TRACEPOINT, 0, SEC_NONE, attach_tp),
 	SEC_DEF("raw_tracepoint/",	RAW_TRACEPOINT, 0, SEC_NONE, attach_raw_tp),
 	SEC_DEF("raw_tp/",		RAW_TRACEPOINT, 0, SEC_NONE, attach_raw_tp),
+	SEC_DEF("raw_tracepoint.w/",	RAW_TRACEPOINT_WRITABLE, 0, SEC_NONE, attach_raw_tp),
+	SEC_DEF("raw_tp.w/",		RAW_TRACEPOINT_WRITABLE, 0, SEC_NONE, attach_raw_tp),
 	SEC_DEF("tp_btf/",		TRACING, BPF_TRACE_RAW_TP, SEC_ATTACH_BTF, attach_trace),
 	SEC_DEF("fentry/",		TRACING, BPF_TRACE_FENTRY, SEC_ATTACH_BTF, attach_trace),
 	SEC_DEF("fmod_ret/",		TRACING, BPF_MODIFY_RETURN, SEC_ATTACH_BTF, attach_trace),
@@ -8219,7 +8503,7 @@ static struct bpf_map *find_struct_ops_map_by_offset(struct bpf_object *obj,
 
 /* Collect the reloc from ELF and populate the st_ops->progs[] */
 static int bpf_object__collect_st_ops_relos(struct bpf_object *obj,
-					    GElf_Shdr *shdr, Elf_Data *data)
+					    Elf64_Shdr *shdr, Elf_Data *data)
 {
 	const struct btf_member *member;
 	struct bpf_struct_ops *st_ops;
@@ -8227,58 +8511,58 @@ static int bpf_object__collect_st_ops_relos(struct bpf_object *obj,
 	unsigned int shdr_idx;
 	const struct btf *btf;
 	struct bpf_map *map;
-	Elf_Data *symbols;
 	unsigned int moff, insn_idx;
 	const char *name;
 	__u32 member_idx;
-	GElf_Sym sym;
-	GElf_Rel rel;
+	Elf64_Sym *sym;
+	Elf64_Rel *rel;
 	int i, nrels;
 
-	symbols = obj->efile.symbols;
 	btf = obj->btf;
 	nrels = shdr->sh_size / shdr->sh_entsize;
 	for (i = 0; i < nrels; i++) {
-		if (!gelf_getrel(data, i, &rel)) {
+		rel = elf_rel_by_idx(data, i);
+		if (!rel) {
 			pr_warn("struct_ops reloc: failed to get %d reloc\n", i);
 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
 		}
 
-		if (!gelf_getsym(symbols, GELF_R_SYM(rel.r_info), &sym)) {
+		sym = elf_sym_by_idx(obj, ELF64_R_SYM(rel->r_info));
+		if (!sym) {
 			pr_warn("struct_ops reloc: symbol %zx not found\n",
-				(size_t)GELF_R_SYM(rel.r_info));
+				(size_t)ELF64_R_SYM(rel->r_info));
 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
 		}
 
-		name = elf_sym_str(obj, sym.st_name) ?: "<?>";
-		map = find_struct_ops_map_by_offset(obj, rel.r_offset);
+		name = elf_sym_str(obj, sym->st_name) ?: "<?>";
+		map = find_struct_ops_map_by_offset(obj, rel->r_offset);
 		if (!map) {
-			pr_warn("struct_ops reloc: cannot find map at rel.r_offset %zu\n",
-				(size_t)rel.r_offset);
+			pr_warn("struct_ops reloc: cannot find map at rel->r_offset %zu\n",
+				(size_t)rel->r_offset);
 			return -EINVAL;
 		}
 
-		moff = rel.r_offset - map->sec_offset;
-		shdr_idx = sym.st_shndx;
+		moff = rel->r_offset - map->sec_offset;
+		shdr_idx = sym->st_shndx;
 		st_ops = map->st_ops;
-		pr_debug("struct_ops reloc %s: for %lld value %lld shdr_idx %u rel.r_offset %zu map->sec_offset %zu name %d (\'%s\')\n",
+		pr_debug("struct_ops reloc %s: for %lld value %lld shdr_idx %u rel->r_offset %zu map->sec_offset %zu name %d (\'%s\')\n",
 			 map->name,
-			 (long long)(rel.r_info >> 32),
-			 (long long)sym.st_value,
-			 shdr_idx, (size_t)rel.r_offset,
-			 map->sec_offset, sym.st_name, name);
+			 (long long)(rel->r_info >> 32),
+			 (long long)sym->st_value,
+			 shdr_idx, (size_t)rel->r_offset,
+			 map->sec_offset, sym->st_name, name);
 
 		if (shdr_idx >= SHN_LORESERVE) {
-			pr_warn("struct_ops reloc %s: rel.r_offset %zu shdr_idx %u unsupported non-static function\n",
-				map->name, (size_t)rel.r_offset, shdr_idx);
+			pr_warn("struct_ops reloc %s: rel->r_offset %zu shdr_idx %u unsupported non-static function\n",
+				map->name, (size_t)rel->r_offset, shdr_idx);
 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__RELOC;
 		}
-		if (sym.st_value % BPF_INSN_SZ) {
+		if (sym->st_value % BPF_INSN_SZ) {
 			pr_warn("struct_ops reloc %s: invalid target program offset %llu\n",
-				map->name, (unsigned long long)sym.st_value);
+				map->name, (unsigned long long)sym->st_value);
 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
 		}
-		insn_idx = sym.st_value / BPF_INSN_SZ;
+		insn_idx = sym->st_value / BPF_INSN_SZ;
 
 		member = find_member_by_offset(st_ops->type, moff * 8);
 		if (!member) {
@@ -8412,28 +8696,27 @@ int libbpf_find_vmlinux_btf_id(const char *name,
 
 static int libbpf_find_prog_btf_id(const char *name, __u32 attach_prog_fd)
 {
-	struct bpf_prog_info_linear *info_linear;
-	struct bpf_prog_info *info;
+	struct bpf_prog_info info = {};
+	__u32 info_len = sizeof(info);
 	struct btf *btf;
 	int err;
 
-	info_linear = bpf_program__get_prog_info_linear(attach_prog_fd, 0);
-	err = libbpf_get_error(info_linear);
+	err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(attach_prog_fd, &info, &info_len);
 	if (err) {
-		pr_warn("failed get_prog_info_linear for FD %d\n",
-			attach_prog_fd);
+		pr_warn("failed bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd for FD %d: %d\n",
+			attach_prog_fd, err);
 		return err;
 	}
 
 	err = -EINVAL;
-	info = &info_linear->info;
-	if (!info->btf_id) {
+	if (!info.btf_id) {
 		pr_warn("The target program doesn't have BTF\n");
 		goto out;
 	}
-	btf = btf__load_from_kernel_by_id(info->btf_id);
-	if (libbpf_get_error(btf)) {
-		pr_warn("Failed to get BTF of the program\n");
+	btf = btf__load_from_kernel_by_id(info.btf_id);
+	err = libbpf_get_error(btf);
+	if (err) {
+		pr_warn("Failed to get BTF %d of the program: %d\n", info.btf_id, err);
 		goto out;
 	}
 	err = btf__find_by_name_kind(btf, name, BTF_KIND_FUNC);
@@ -8443,7 +8726,6 @@ static int libbpf_find_prog_btf_id(const char *name, __u32 attach_prog_fd)
 		goto out;
 	}
 out:
-	free(info_linear);
 	return err;
 }
 
@@ -8559,9 +8841,30 @@ const struct bpf_map_def *bpf_map__def(const struct bpf_map *map)
 	return map ? &map->def : libbpf_err_ptr(-EINVAL);
 }
 
+static bool map_uses_real_name(const struct bpf_map *map)
+{
+	/* Since libbpf started to support custom .data.* and .rodata.* maps,
+	 * their user-visible name differs from kernel-visible name. Users see
+	 * such map's corresponding ELF section name as a map name.
+	 * This check distinguishes .data/.rodata from .data.* and .rodata.*
+	 * maps to know which name has to be returned to the user.
+	 */
+	if (map->libbpf_type == LIBBPF_MAP_DATA && strcmp(map->real_name, DATA_SEC) != 0)
+		return true;
+	if (map->libbpf_type == LIBBPF_MAP_RODATA && strcmp(map->real_name, RODATA_SEC) != 0)
+		return true;
+	return false;
+}
+
 const char *bpf_map__name(const struct bpf_map *map)
 {
-	return map ? map->name : NULL;
+	if (!map)
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (map_uses_real_name(map))
+		return map->real_name;
+
+	return map->name;
 }
 
 enum bpf_map_type bpf_map__type(const struct bpf_map *map)
@@ -8590,6 +8893,19 @@ int bpf_map__set_map_flags(struct bpf_map *map, __u32 flags)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+__u64 bpf_map__map_extra(const struct bpf_map *map)
+{
+	return map->map_extra;
+}
+
+int bpf_map__set_map_extra(struct bpf_map *map, __u64 map_extra)
+{
+	if (map->fd >= 0)
+		return libbpf_err(-EBUSY);
+	map->map_extra = map_extra;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 __u32 bpf_map__numa_node(const struct bpf_map *map)
 {
 	return map->numa_node;
@@ -8744,6 +9060,12 @@ __bpf_map__iter(const struct bpf_map *m, const struct bpf_object *obj, int i)
 struct bpf_map *
 bpf_map__next(const struct bpf_map *prev, const struct bpf_object *obj)
 {
+	return bpf_object__next_map(obj, prev);
+}
+
+struct bpf_map *
+bpf_object__next_map(const struct bpf_object *obj, const struct bpf_map *prev)
+{
 	if (prev == NULL)
 		return obj->maps;
 
@@ -8753,6 +9075,12 @@ bpf_map__next(const struct bpf_map *prev, const struct bpf_object *obj)
 struct bpf_map *
 bpf_map__prev(const struct bpf_map *next, const struct bpf_object *obj)
 {
+	return bpf_object__prev_map(obj, next);
+}
+
+struct bpf_map *
+bpf_object__prev_map(const struct bpf_object *obj, const struct bpf_map *next)
+{
 	if (next == NULL) {
 		if (!obj->nr_maps)
 			return NULL;
@@ -8768,7 +9096,22 @@ bpf_object__find_map_by_name(const struct bpf_object *obj, const char *name)
 	struct bpf_map *pos;
 
 	bpf_object__for_each_map(pos, obj) {
-		if (pos->name && !strcmp(pos->name, name))
+		/* if it's a special internal map name (which always starts
+		 * with dot) then check if that special name matches the
+		 * real map name (ELF section name)
+		 */
+		if (name[0] == '.') {
+			if (pos->real_name && strcmp(pos->real_name, name) == 0)
+				return pos;
+			continue;
+		}
+		/* otherwise map name has to be an exact match */
+		if (map_uses_real_name(pos)) {
+			if (strcmp(pos->real_name, name) == 0)
+				return pos;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (strcmp(pos->name, name) == 0)
 			return pos;
 	}
 	return errno = ENOENT, NULL;
@@ -9273,7 +9616,7 @@ static int append_to_file(const char *file, const char *fmt, ...)
 	int fd, n, err = 0;
 	va_list ap;
 
-	fd = open(file, O_WRONLY | O_APPEND, 0);
+	fd = open(file, O_WRONLY | O_APPEND | O_CLOEXEC, 0);
 	if (fd < 0)
 		return -errno;
 
@@ -9787,12 +10130,26 @@ struct bpf_link *bpf_program__attach_raw_tracepoint(const struct bpf_program *pr
 
 static struct bpf_link *attach_raw_tp(const struct bpf_program *prog, long cookie)
 {
-	const char *tp_name;
+	static const char *const prefixes[] = {
+		"raw_tp/",
+		"raw_tracepoint/",
+		"raw_tp.w/",
+		"raw_tracepoint.w/",
+	};
+	size_t i;
+	const char *tp_name = NULL;
 
-	if (str_has_pfx(prog->sec_name, "raw_tp/"))
-		tp_name = prog->sec_name + sizeof("raw_tp/") - 1;
-	else
-		tp_name = prog->sec_name + sizeof("raw_tracepoint/") - 1;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(prefixes); i++) {
+		if (str_has_pfx(prog->sec_name, prefixes[i])) {
+			tp_name = prog->sec_name + strlen(prefixes[i]);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	if (!tp_name) {
+		pr_warn("prog '%s': invalid section name '%s'\n",
+			prog->name, prog->sec_name);
+		return libbpf_err_ptr(-EINVAL);
+	}
 
 	return bpf_program__attach_raw_tracepoint(prog, tp_name);
 }
@@ -10904,7 +11261,7 @@ int parse_cpu_mask_file(const char *fcpu, bool **mask, int *mask_sz)
 	int fd, err = 0, len;
 	char buf[128];
 
-	fd = open(fcpu, O_RDONLY);
+	fd = open(fcpu, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
 	if (fd < 0) {
 		err = -errno;
 		pr_warn("Failed to open cpu mask file %s: %d\n", fcpu, err);
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.h b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.h
index e35490c54eb3..9de0f299706b 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.h
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.h
@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ struct bpf_object_load_attr {
 /* Load/unload object into/from kernel */
 LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__load(struct bpf_object *obj);
 LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__load_xattr(struct bpf_object_load_attr *attr);
+LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 6, "bpf_object__unload() is deprecated, use bpf_object__close() instead")
 LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__unload(struct bpf_object *obj);
 
 LIBBPF_API const char *bpf_object__name(const struct bpf_object *obj);
@@ -167,7 +168,8 @@ LIBBPF_API struct bpf_program *
 bpf_object__find_program_by_name(const struct bpf_object *obj,
 				 const char *name);
 
-LIBBPF_API struct bpf_object *bpf_object__next(struct bpf_object *prev);
+LIBBPF_API LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "track bpf_objects in application code instead")
+struct bpf_object *bpf_object__next(struct bpf_object *prev);
 #define bpf_object__for_each_safe(pos, tmp)			\
 	for ((pos) = bpf_object__next(NULL),		\
 		(tmp) = bpf_object__next(pos);		\
@@ -189,16 +191,22 @@ LIBBPF_API int libbpf_find_vmlinux_btf_id(const char *name,
 
 /* Accessors of bpf_program */
 struct bpf_program;
-LIBBPF_API struct bpf_program *bpf_program__next(struct bpf_program *prog,
-						 const struct bpf_object *obj);
+LIBBPF_API LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "use bpf_object__next_program() instead")
+struct bpf_program *bpf_program__next(struct bpf_program *prog,
+				      const struct bpf_object *obj);
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_program *
+bpf_object__next_program(const struct bpf_object *obj, struct bpf_program *prog);
 
-#define bpf_object__for_each_program(pos, obj)		\
-	for ((pos) = bpf_program__next(NULL, (obj));	\
-	     (pos) != NULL;				\
-	     (pos) = bpf_program__next((pos), (obj)))
+#define bpf_object__for_each_program(pos, obj)			\
+	for ((pos) = bpf_object__next_program((obj), NULL);	\
+	     (pos) != NULL;					\
+	     (pos) = bpf_object__next_program((obj), (pos)))
 
-LIBBPF_API struct bpf_program *bpf_program__prev(struct bpf_program *prog,
-						 const struct bpf_object *obj);
+LIBBPF_API LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "use bpf_object__prev_program() instead")
+struct bpf_program *bpf_program__prev(struct bpf_program *prog,
+				      const struct bpf_object *obj);
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_program *
+bpf_object__prev_program(const struct bpf_object *obj, struct bpf_program *prog);
 
 typedef void (*bpf_program_clear_priv_t)(struct bpf_program *, void *);
 
@@ -217,14 +225,51 @@ LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__autoload(const struct bpf_program *prog);
 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_autoload(struct bpf_program *prog, bool autoload);
 
 /* returns program size in bytes */
+LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "use bpf_program__insn_cnt() instead")
 LIBBPF_API size_t bpf_program__size(const struct bpf_program *prog);
 
+struct bpf_insn;
+
+/**
+ * @brief **bpf_program__insns()** gives read-only access to BPF program's
+ * underlying BPF instructions.
+ * @param prog BPF program for which to return instructions
+ * @return a pointer to an array of BPF instructions that belong to the
+ * specified BPF program
+ *
+ * Returned pointer is always valid and not NULL. Number of `struct bpf_insn`
+ * pointed to can be fetched using **bpf_program__insn_cnt()** API.
+ *
+ * Keep in mind, libbpf can modify and append/delete BPF program's
+ * instructions as it processes BPF object file and prepares everything for
+ * uploading into the kernel. So depending on the point in BPF object
+ * lifetime, **bpf_program__insns()** can return different sets of
+ * instructions. As an example, during BPF object load phase BPF program
+ * instructions will be CO-RE-relocated, BPF subprograms instructions will be
+ * appended, ldimm64 instructions will have FDs embedded, etc. So instructions
+ * returned before **bpf_object__load()** and after it might be quite
+ * different.
+ */
+LIBBPF_API const struct bpf_insn *bpf_program__insns(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+/**
+ * @brief **bpf_program__insn_cnt()** returns number of `struct bpf_insn`'s
+ * that form specified BPF program.
+ * @param prog BPF program for which to return number of BPF instructions
+ *
+ * See **bpf_program__insns()** documentation for notes on how libbpf can
+ * change instructions and their count during different phases of
+ * **bpf_object** lifetime.
+ */
+LIBBPF_API size_t bpf_program__insn_cnt(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+
 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__load(struct bpf_program *prog, char *license,
 				 __u32 kern_version);
 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__fd(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "multi-instance bpf_program support is deprecated")
 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__pin_instance(struct bpf_program *prog,
 					 const char *path,
 					 int instance);
+LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "multi-instance bpf_program support is deprecated")
 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__unpin_instance(struct bpf_program *prog,
 					   const char *path,
 					   int instance);
@@ -358,8 +403,6 @@ LIBBPF_API struct bpf_link *
 bpf_program__attach_iter(const struct bpf_program *prog,
 			 const struct bpf_iter_attach_opts *opts);
 
-struct bpf_insn;
-
 /*
  * Libbpf allows callers to adjust BPF programs before being loaded
  * into kernel. One program in an object file can be transformed into
@@ -388,7 +431,7 @@ struct bpf_insn;
  * one instance. In this case bpf_program__fd(prog) is equal to
  * bpf_program__nth_fd(prog, 0).
  */
-
+LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "use bpf_program__insns() for getting bpf_program instructions")
 struct bpf_prog_prep_result {
 	/*
 	 * If not NULL, load new instruction array.
@@ -417,9 +460,11 @@ typedef int (*bpf_program_prep_t)(struct bpf_program *prog, int n,
 				  struct bpf_insn *insns, int insns_cnt,
 				  struct bpf_prog_prep_result *res);
 
+LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "use bpf_program__insns() for getting bpf_program instructions")
 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_prep(struct bpf_program *prog, int nr_instance,
 				     bpf_program_prep_t prep);
 
+LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "multi-instance bpf_program support is deprecated")
 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__nth_fd(const struct bpf_program *prog, int n);
 
 /*
@@ -502,16 +547,21 @@ bpf_object__find_map_fd_by_name(const struct bpf_object *obj, const char *name);
 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_map *
 bpf_object__find_map_by_offset(struct bpf_object *obj, size_t offset);
 
+LIBBPF_API LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "use bpf_object__next_map() instead")
+struct bpf_map *bpf_map__next(const struct bpf_map *map, const struct bpf_object *obj);
 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_map *
-bpf_map__next(const struct bpf_map *map, const struct bpf_object *obj);
+bpf_object__next_map(const struct bpf_object *obj, const struct bpf_map *map);
+
 #define bpf_object__for_each_map(pos, obj)		\
-	for ((pos) = bpf_map__next(NULL, (obj));	\
+	for ((pos) = bpf_object__next_map((obj), NULL);	\
 	     (pos) != NULL;				\
-	     (pos) = bpf_map__next((pos), (obj)))
+	     (pos) = bpf_object__next_map((obj), (pos)))
 #define bpf_map__for_each bpf_object__for_each_map
 
+LIBBPF_API LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "use bpf_object__prev_map() instead")
+struct bpf_map *bpf_map__prev(const struct bpf_map *map, const struct bpf_object *obj);
 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_map *
-bpf_map__prev(const struct bpf_map *map, const struct bpf_object *obj);
+bpf_object__prev_map(const struct bpf_object *obj, const struct bpf_map *map);
 
 /**
  * @brief **bpf_map__fd()** gets the file descriptor of the passed
@@ -550,6 +600,9 @@ LIBBPF_API __u32 bpf_map__btf_value_type_id(const struct bpf_map *map);
 /* get/set map if_index */
 LIBBPF_API __u32 bpf_map__ifindex(const struct bpf_map *map);
 LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__set_ifindex(struct bpf_map *map, __u32 ifindex);
+/* get/set map map_extra flags */
+LIBBPF_API __u64 bpf_map__map_extra(const struct bpf_map *map);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__set_map_extra(struct bpf_map *map, __u64 map_extra);
 
 typedef void (*bpf_map_clear_priv_t)(struct bpf_map *, void *);
 LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__set_priv(struct bpf_map *map, void *priv,
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.map b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.map
index 9e649cf9e771..43580eb47740 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.map
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.map
@@ -389,5 +389,16 @@ LIBBPF_0.5.0 {
 
 LIBBPF_0.6.0 {
 	global:
-		btf__add_tag;
+		bpf_map__map_extra;
+		bpf_map__set_map_extra;
+		bpf_object__next_map;
+		bpf_object__next_program;
+		bpf_object__prev_map;
+		bpf_object__prev_program;
+		bpf_program__insn_cnt;
+		bpf_program__insns;
+		btf__add_btf;
+		btf__add_decl_tag;
+		btf__raw_data;
+		btf__type_cnt;
 } LIBBPF_0.5.0;
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf_internal.h b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf_internal.h
index ec79400517d4..aeb79e3a8ff9 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf_internal.h
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf_internal.h
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <linux/err.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 #include "libbpf_legacy.h"
 #include "relo_core.h"
 
@@ -52,8 +54,8 @@
 #endif
 
 /* Older libelf all end up in this expression, for both 32 and 64 bit */
-#ifndef GELF_ST_VISIBILITY
-#define GELF_ST_VISIBILITY(o) ((o) & 0x03)
+#ifndef ELF64_ST_VISIBILITY
+#define ELF64_ST_VISIBILITY(o) ((o) & 0x03)
 #endif
 
 #define BTF_INFO_ENC(kind, kind_flag, vlen) \
@@ -69,8 +71,8 @@
 #define BTF_VAR_SECINFO_ENC(type, offset, size) (type), (offset), (size)
 #define BTF_TYPE_FLOAT_ENC(name, sz) \
 	BTF_TYPE_ENC(name, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_FLOAT, 0, 0), sz)
-#define BTF_TYPE_TAG_ENC(value, type, component_idx) \
-	BTF_TYPE_ENC(value, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_TAG, 0, 0), type), (component_idx)
+#define BTF_TYPE_DECL_TAG_ENC(value, type, component_idx) \
+	BTF_TYPE_ENC(value, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG, 0, 0), type), (component_idx)
 
 #ifndef likely
 #define likely(x) __builtin_expect(!!(x), 1)
@@ -193,8 +195,9 @@ enum map_def_parts {
 	MAP_DEF_NUMA_NODE	= 0x080,
 	MAP_DEF_PINNING		= 0x100,
 	MAP_DEF_INNER_MAP	= 0x200,
+	MAP_DEF_MAP_EXTRA	= 0x400,
 
-	MAP_DEF_ALL		= 0x3ff, /* combination of all above */
+	MAP_DEF_ALL		= 0x7ff, /* combination of all above */
 };
 
 struct btf_map_def {
@@ -208,6 +211,7 @@ struct btf_map_def {
 	__u32 map_flags;
 	__u32 numa_node;
 	__u32 pinning;
+	__u64 map_extra;
 };
 
 int parse_btf_map_def(const char *map_name, struct btf *btf,
@@ -298,14 +302,32 @@ struct bpf_prog_load_params {
 	__u32 log_level;
 	char *log_buf;
 	size_t log_buf_sz;
+	int *fd_array;
 };
 
 int libbpf__bpf_prog_load(const struct bpf_prog_load_params *load_attr);
 
-int bpf_object__section_size(const struct bpf_object *obj, const char *name,
-			     __u32 *size);
-int bpf_object__variable_offset(const struct bpf_object *obj, const char *name,
-				__u32 *off);
+struct bpf_create_map_params {
+	const char *name;
+	enum bpf_map_type map_type;
+	__u32 map_flags;
+	__u32 key_size;
+	__u32 value_size;
+	__u32 max_entries;
+	__u32 numa_node;
+	__u32 btf_fd;
+	__u32 btf_key_type_id;
+	__u32 btf_value_type_id;
+	__u32 map_ifindex;
+	union {
+		__u32 inner_map_fd;
+		__u32 btf_vmlinux_value_type_id;
+	};
+	__u64 map_extra;
+};
+
+int libbpf__bpf_create_map_xattr(const struct bpf_create_map_params *create_attr);
+
 struct btf *btf_get_from_fd(int btf_fd, struct btf *base_btf);
 void btf_get_kernel_prefix_kind(enum bpf_attach_type attach_type,
 				const char **prefix, int *kind);
@@ -408,6 +430,8 @@ int btf_type_visit_type_ids(struct btf_type *t, type_id_visit_fn visit, void *ct
 int btf_type_visit_str_offs(struct btf_type *t, str_off_visit_fn visit, void *ctx);
 int btf_ext_visit_type_ids(struct btf_ext *btf_ext, type_id_visit_fn visit, void *ctx);
 int btf_ext_visit_str_offs(struct btf_ext *btf_ext, str_off_visit_fn visit, void *ctx);
+__s32 btf__find_by_name_kind_own(const struct btf *btf, const char *type_name,
+				 __u32 kind);
 
 extern enum libbpf_strict_mode libbpf_mode;
 
@@ -469,4 +493,26 @@ static inline bool is_ldimm64_insn(struct bpf_insn *insn)
 	return insn->code == (BPF_LD | BPF_IMM | BPF_DW);
 }
 
+/* if fd is stdin, stdout, or stderr, dup to a fd greater than 2
+ * Takes ownership of the fd passed in, and closes it if calling
+ * fcntl(fd, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 3).
+ */
+static inline int ensure_good_fd(int fd)
+{
+	int old_fd = fd, saved_errno;
+
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return fd;
+	if (fd < 3) {
+		fd = fcntl(fd, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 3);
+		saved_errno = errno;
+		close(old_fd);
+		if (fd < 0) {
+			pr_warn("failed to dup FD %d to FD > 2: %d\n", old_fd, -saved_errno);
+			errno = saved_errno;
+		}
+	}
+	return fd;
+}
+
 #endif /* __LIBBPF_LIBBPF_INTERNAL_H */
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf_legacy.h b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf_legacy.h
index 74e6f860f703..5ba5c9beccfa 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf_legacy.h
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf_legacy.h
@@ -52,8 +52,17 @@ enum libbpf_strict_mode {
 	 * allowed, with LIBBPF_STRICT_SEC_PREFIX this will become
 	 * unrecognized by libbpf and would have to be just SEC("xdp") and
 	 * SEC("xdp") and SEC("perf_event").
+	 *
+	 * Note, in this mode the program pin path will be based on the
+	 * function name instead of section name.
 	 */
 	LIBBPF_STRICT_SEC_NAME = 0x04,
+	/*
+	 * Disable the global 'bpf_objects_list'. Maintaining this list adds
+	 * a race condition to bpf_object__open() and bpf_object__close().
+	 * Clients can maintain it on their own if it is valuable for them.
+	 */
+	LIBBPF_STRICT_NO_OBJECT_LIST = 0x08,
 
 	__LIBBPF_STRICT_LAST,
 };
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf_probes.c b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf_probes.c
index cd8c703dde71..68f2dbf364aa 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf_probes.c
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf_probes.c
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ static int get_vendor_id(int ifindex)
 
 	snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/sys/class/net/%s/device/vendor", ifname);
 
-	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
+	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
 	if (fd < 0)
 		return -1;
 
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/linker.c b/tools/lib/bpf/linker.c
index 2df880cefdae..f677dccdeae4 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/linker.c
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/linker.c
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 #include <linux/btf.h>
 #include <elf.h>
 #include <libelf.h>
-#include <gelf.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include "libbpf.h"
 #include "btf.h"
@@ -302,7 +301,7 @@ static int init_output_elf(struct bpf_linker *linker, const char *file)
 	if (!linker->filename)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
-	linker->fd = open(file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
+	linker->fd = open(file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_CLOEXEC, 0644);
 	if (linker->fd < 0) {
 		err = -errno;
 		pr_warn("failed to create '%s': %d\n", file, err);
@@ -324,12 +323,12 @@ static int init_output_elf(struct bpf_linker *linker, const char *file)
 
 	linker->elf_hdr->e_machine = EM_BPF;
 	linker->elf_hdr->e_type = ET_REL;
-#if __BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN
+#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
 	linker->elf_hdr->e_ident[EI_DATA] = ELFDATA2LSB;
-#elif __BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN
+#elif __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
 	linker->elf_hdr->e_ident[EI_DATA] = ELFDATA2MSB;
 #else
-#error "Unknown __BYTE_ORDER"
+#error "Unknown __BYTE_ORDER__"
 #endif
 
 	/* STRTAB */
@@ -539,12 +538,12 @@ static int linker_load_obj_file(struct bpf_linker *linker, const char *filename,
 				const struct bpf_linker_file_opts *opts,
 				struct src_obj *obj)
 {
-#if __BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN
+#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
 	const int host_endianness = ELFDATA2LSB;
-#elif __BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN
+#elif __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
 	const int host_endianness = ELFDATA2MSB;
 #else
-#error "Unknown __BYTE_ORDER"
+#error "Unknown __BYTE_ORDER__"
 #endif
 	int err = 0;
 	Elf_Scn *scn;
@@ -557,7 +556,7 @@ static int linker_load_obj_file(struct bpf_linker *linker, const char *filename,
 
 	obj->filename = filename;
 
-	obj->fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
+	obj->fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
 	if (obj->fd < 0) {
 		err = -errno;
 		pr_warn("failed to open file '%s': %d\n", filename, err);
@@ -921,7 +920,7 @@ static int check_btf_type_id(__u32 *type_id, void *ctx)
 {
 	struct btf *btf = ctx;
 
-	if (*type_id > btf__get_nr_types(btf))
+	if (*type_id >= btf__type_cnt(btf))
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	return 0;
@@ -948,8 +947,8 @@ static int linker_sanity_check_btf(struct src_obj *obj)
 	if (!obj->btf)
 		return 0;
 
-	n = btf__get_nr_types(obj->btf);
-	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
+	n = btf__type_cnt(obj->btf);
+	for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 		t = btf_type_by_id(obj->btf, i);
 
 		err = err ?: btf_type_visit_type_ids(t, check_btf_type_id, obj->btf);
@@ -1659,8 +1658,8 @@ static int find_glob_sym_btf(struct src_obj *obj, Elf64_Sym *sym, const char *sy
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
-	n = btf__get_nr_types(obj->btf);
-	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
+	n = btf__type_cnt(obj->btf);
+	for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 		t = btf__type_by_id(obj->btf, i);
 
 		/* some global and extern FUNCs and VARs might not be associated with any
@@ -2131,8 +2130,8 @@ static int linker_fixup_btf(struct src_obj *obj)
 	if (!obj->btf)
 		return 0;
 
-	n = btf__get_nr_types(obj->btf);
-	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
+	n = btf__type_cnt(obj->btf);
+	for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 		struct btf_var_secinfo *vi;
 		struct btf_type *t;
 
@@ -2235,14 +2234,14 @@ static int linker_append_btf(struct bpf_linker *linker, struct src_obj *obj)
 	if (!obj->btf)
 		return 0;
 
-	start_id = btf__get_nr_types(linker->btf) + 1;
-	n = btf__get_nr_types(obj->btf);
+	start_id = btf__type_cnt(linker->btf);
+	n = btf__type_cnt(obj->btf);
 
 	obj->btf_type_map = calloc(n + 1, sizeof(int));
 	if (!obj->btf_type_map)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
-	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
+	for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 		struct glob_sym *glob_sym = NULL;
 
 		t = btf__type_by_id(obj->btf, i);
@@ -2297,8 +2296,8 @@ static int linker_append_btf(struct bpf_linker *linker, struct src_obj *obj)
 	}
 
 	/* remap all the types except DATASECs */
-	n = btf__get_nr_types(linker->btf);
-	for (i = start_id; i <= n; i++) {
+	n = btf__type_cnt(linker->btf);
+	for (i = start_id; i < n; i++) {
 		struct btf_type *dst_t = btf_type_by_id(linker->btf, i);
 
 		if (btf_type_visit_type_ids(dst_t, remap_type_id, obj->btf_type_map))
@@ -2657,7 +2656,7 @@ static int finalize_btf(struct bpf_linker *linker)
 	__u32 raw_sz;
 
 	/* bail out if no BTF data was produced */
-	if (btf__get_nr_types(linker->btf) == 0)
+	if (btf__type_cnt(linker->btf) == 1)
 		return 0;
 
 	for (i = 1; i < linker->sec_cnt; i++) {
@@ -2694,7 +2693,7 @@ static int finalize_btf(struct bpf_linker *linker)
 	}
 
 	/* Emit .BTF section */
-	raw_data = btf__get_raw_data(linker->btf, &raw_sz);
+	raw_data = btf__raw_data(linker->btf, &raw_sz);
 	if (!raw_data)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c b/tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c
index 4016ed492d0c..b5b8956a1be8 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c
@@ -662,7 +662,7 @@ static int bpf_core_calc_field_relo(const char *prog_name,
 			*validate = true; /* signedness is never ambiguous */
 		break;
 	case BPF_FIELD_LSHIFT_U64:
-#if __BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN
+#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
 		*val = 64 - (bit_off + bit_sz - byte_off  * 8);
 #else
 		*val = (8 - byte_sz) * 8 + (bit_off - byte_off * 8);
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/xsk.c b/tools/lib/bpf/xsk.c
index a2111696ba91..81f8fbc85e70 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/xsk.c
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/xsk.c
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ int xsk_umem__create_v0_0_4(struct xsk_umem **umem_ptr, void *umem_area,
 	if (!umem)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
-	umem->fd = socket(AF_XDP, SOCK_RAW, 0);
+	umem->fd = socket(AF_XDP, SOCK_RAW | SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0);
 	if (umem->fd < 0) {
 		err = -errno;
 		goto out_umem_alloc;
@@ -549,7 +549,7 @@ static int xsk_get_max_queues(struct xsk_socket *xsk)
 	struct ifreq ifr = {};
 	int fd, err, ret;
 
-	fd = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
+	fd = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_DGRAM | SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0);
 	if (fd < 0)
 		return -errno;
 
@@ -1046,7 +1046,7 @@ int xsk_socket__create_shared(struct xsk_socket **xsk_ptr,
 	}
 
 	if (umem->refcount++ > 0) {
-		xsk->fd = socket(AF_XDP, SOCK_RAW, 0);
+		xsk->fd = socket(AF_XDP, SOCK_RAW | SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0);
 		if (xsk->fd < 0) {
 			err = -errno;
 			goto out_xsk_alloc;
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/xsk.h b/tools/lib/bpf/xsk.h
index 01c12dca9c10..64e9c57fd792 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/xsk.h
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/xsk.h
@@ -23,6 +23,12 @@
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+/* This whole API has been deprecated and moved to libxdp that can be found at
+ * https://github.com/xdp-project/xdp-tools. The APIs are exactly the same so
+ * it should just be linking with libxdp instead of libbpf for this set of
+ * functionality. If not, please submit a bug report on the aforementioned page.
+ */
+
 /* Load-Acquire Store-Release barriers used by the XDP socket
  * library. The following macros should *NOT* be considered part of
  * the xsk.h API, and is subject to change anytime.
@@ -245,8 +251,10 @@ static inline __u64 xsk_umem__add_offset_to_addr(__u64 addr)
 	return xsk_umem__extract_addr(addr) + xsk_umem__extract_offset(addr);
 }
 
-LIBBPF_API int xsk_umem__fd(const struct xsk_umem *umem);
-LIBBPF_API int xsk_socket__fd(const struct xsk_socket *xsk);
+LIBBPF_API LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "AF_XDP support deprecated and moved to libxdp")
+int xsk_umem__fd(const struct xsk_umem *umem);
+LIBBPF_API LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "AF_XDP support deprecated and moved to libxdp")
+int xsk_socket__fd(const struct xsk_socket *xsk);
 
 #define XSK_RING_CONS__DEFAULT_NUM_DESCS      2048
 #define XSK_RING_PROD__DEFAULT_NUM_DESCS      2048
@@ -263,10 +271,10 @@ struct xsk_umem_config {
 	__u32 flags;
 };
 
-LIBBPF_API int xsk_setup_xdp_prog(int ifindex,
-				  int *xsks_map_fd);
-LIBBPF_API int xsk_socket__update_xskmap(struct xsk_socket *xsk,
-					 int xsks_map_fd);
+LIBBPF_API LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "AF_XDP support deprecated and moved to libxdp")
+int xsk_setup_xdp_prog(int ifindex, int *xsks_map_fd);
+LIBBPF_API LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "AF_XDP support deprecated and moved to libxdp")
+int xsk_socket__update_xskmap(struct xsk_socket *xsk, int xsks_map_fd);
 
 /* Flags for the libbpf_flags field. */
 #define XSK_LIBBPF_FLAGS__INHIBIT_PROG_LOAD (1 << 0)
@@ -280,40 +288,46 @@ struct xsk_socket_config {
 };
 
 /* Set config to NULL to get the default configuration. */
-LIBBPF_API int xsk_umem__create(struct xsk_umem **umem,
-				void *umem_area, __u64 size,
-				struct xsk_ring_prod *fill,
-				struct xsk_ring_cons *comp,
-				const struct xsk_umem_config *config);
-LIBBPF_API int xsk_umem__create_v0_0_2(struct xsk_umem **umem,
-				       void *umem_area, __u64 size,
-				       struct xsk_ring_prod *fill,
-				       struct xsk_ring_cons *comp,
-				       const struct xsk_umem_config *config);
-LIBBPF_API int xsk_umem__create_v0_0_4(struct xsk_umem **umem,
-				       void *umem_area, __u64 size,
-				       struct xsk_ring_prod *fill,
-				       struct xsk_ring_cons *comp,
-				       const struct xsk_umem_config *config);
-LIBBPF_API int xsk_socket__create(struct xsk_socket **xsk,
-				  const char *ifname, __u32 queue_id,
-				  struct xsk_umem *umem,
-				  struct xsk_ring_cons *rx,
-				  struct xsk_ring_prod *tx,
-				  const struct xsk_socket_config *config);
-LIBBPF_API int
-xsk_socket__create_shared(struct xsk_socket **xsk_ptr,
-			  const char *ifname,
-			  __u32 queue_id, struct xsk_umem *umem,
-			  struct xsk_ring_cons *rx,
-			  struct xsk_ring_prod *tx,
-			  struct xsk_ring_prod *fill,
-			  struct xsk_ring_cons *comp,
-			  const struct xsk_socket_config *config);
+LIBBPF_API LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "AF_XDP support deprecated and moved to libxdp")
+int xsk_umem__create(struct xsk_umem **umem,
+		     void *umem_area, __u64 size,
+		     struct xsk_ring_prod *fill,
+		     struct xsk_ring_cons *comp,
+		     const struct xsk_umem_config *config);
+LIBBPF_API LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "AF_XDP support deprecated and moved to libxdp")
+int xsk_umem__create_v0_0_2(struct xsk_umem **umem,
+			    void *umem_area, __u64 size,
+			    struct xsk_ring_prod *fill,
+			    struct xsk_ring_cons *comp,
+			    const struct xsk_umem_config *config);
+LIBBPF_API LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "AF_XDP support deprecated and moved to libxdp")
+int xsk_umem__create_v0_0_4(struct xsk_umem **umem,
+			    void *umem_area, __u64 size,
+			    struct xsk_ring_prod *fill,
+			    struct xsk_ring_cons *comp,
+			    const struct xsk_umem_config *config);
+LIBBPF_API LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "AF_XDP support deprecated and moved to libxdp")
+int xsk_socket__create(struct xsk_socket **xsk,
+		       const char *ifname, __u32 queue_id,
+		       struct xsk_umem *umem,
+		       struct xsk_ring_cons *rx,
+		       struct xsk_ring_prod *tx,
+		       const struct xsk_socket_config *config);
+LIBBPF_API LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "AF_XDP support deprecated and moved to libxdp")
+int xsk_socket__create_shared(struct xsk_socket **xsk_ptr,
+			      const char *ifname,
+			      __u32 queue_id, struct xsk_umem *umem,
+			      struct xsk_ring_cons *rx,
+			      struct xsk_ring_prod *tx,
+			      struct xsk_ring_prod *fill,
+			      struct xsk_ring_cons *comp,
+			      const struct xsk_socket_config *config);
 
 /* Returns 0 for success and -EBUSY if the umem is still in use. */
-LIBBPF_API int xsk_umem__delete(struct xsk_umem *umem);
-LIBBPF_API void xsk_socket__delete(struct xsk_socket *xsk);
+LIBBPF_API LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "AF_XDP support deprecated and moved to libxdp")
+int xsk_umem__delete(struct xsk_umem *umem);
+LIBBPF_API LIBBPF_DEPRECATED_SINCE(0, 7, "AF_XDP support deprecated and moved to libxdp")
+void xsk_socket__delete(struct xsk_socket *xsk);
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 } /* extern "C" */