diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst')
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst | 168 |
1 files changed, 121 insertions, 47 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst b/Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst index cc3f11e0d441..6d2607870ba4 100644 --- a/Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst +++ b/Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst @@ -5,17 +5,110 @@ Quick Start This document describes how to get started with kernel development in Rust. +There are a few ways to install a Rust toolchain needed for kernel development. +A simple way is to use the packages from your Linux distribution if they are +suitable -- the first section below explains this approach. An advantage of this +approach is that, typically, the distribution will match the LLVM used by Rust +and Clang. + +Another way is using the prebuilt stable versions of LLVM+Rust provided on +`kernel.org <https://kernel.org/pub/tools/llvm/rust/>`_. These are the same slim +and fast LLVM toolchains from :ref:`Getting LLVM <getting_llvm>` with versions +of Rust added to them that Rust for Linux supports. Two sets are provided: the +"latest LLVM" and "matching LLVM" (please see the link for more information). + +Alternatively, the next two "Requirements" sections explain each component and +how to install them through ``rustup``, the standalone installers from Rust +and/or building them. + +The rest of the document explains other aspects on how to get started. + + +Distributions +------------- + +Arch Linux +********** + +Arch Linux provides recent Rust releases and thus it should generally work out +of the box, e.g.:: + + pacman -S rust rust-src rust-bindgen + + +Debian +****** + +Debian Testing and Debian Unstable (Sid), outside of the freeze period, provide +recent Rust releases and thus they should generally work out of the box, e.g.:: + + apt install rustc rust-src bindgen rustfmt rust-clippy + + +Fedora Linux +************ + +Fedora Linux provides recent Rust releases and thus it should generally work out +of the box, e.g.:: + + dnf install rust rust-src bindgen-cli rustfmt clippy + + +Gentoo Linux +************ + +Gentoo Linux (and especially the testing branch) provides recent Rust releases +and thus it should generally work out of the box, e.g.:: + + USE='rust-src rustfmt clippy' emerge dev-lang/rust dev-util/bindgen + +``LIBCLANG_PATH`` may need to be set. + + +Nix +*** + +Nix (unstable channel) provides recent Rust releases and thus it should +generally work out of the box, e.g.:: + + { pkgs ? import <nixpkgs> {} }: + pkgs.mkShell { + nativeBuildInputs = with pkgs; [ rustc rust-bindgen rustfmt clippy ]; + RUST_LIB_SRC = "${pkgs.rust.packages.stable.rustPlatform.rustLibSrc}"; + } + + +openSUSE +******** + +openSUSE Slowroll and openSUSE Tumbleweed provide recent Rust releases and thus +they should generally work out of the box, e.g.:: + + zypper install rust rust1.79-src rust-bindgen clang + + +Ubuntu +****** + +Ubuntu LTS and non-LTS (interim) releases provide recent Rust releases and thus +they should generally work out of the box, e.g.:: + + apt install rustc-1.80 rust-1.80-src bindgen-0.65 rustfmt-1.80 rust-1.80-clippy + +``RUST_LIB_SRC`` needs to be set when using the versioned packages, e.g.:: + + RUST_LIB_SRC=/usr/src/rustc-$(rustc-1.80 --version | cut -d' ' -f2)/library + +In addition, ``bindgen-0.65`` is available in newer releases (24.04 LTS and +24.10), but it may not be available in older ones (20.04 LTS and 22.04 LTS), +thus ``bindgen`` may need to be built manually (please see below). + Requirements: Building ---------------------- This section explains how to fetch the tools needed for building. -Some of these requirements might be available from Linux distributions -under names like ``rustc``, ``rust-src``, ``rust-bindgen``, etc. However, -at the time of writing, they are likely not to be recent enough unless -the distribution tracks the latest releases. - To easily check whether the requirements are met, the following target can be used:: @@ -29,16 +122,15 @@ if that is the case. rustc ***** -A particular version of the Rust compiler is required. Newer versions may or -may not work because, for the moment, the kernel depends on some unstable -Rust features. +A recent version of the Rust compiler is required. If ``rustup`` is being used, enter the kernel build directory (or use -``--path=<build-dir>`` argument to the ``set`` sub-command) and run:: +``--path=<build-dir>`` argument to the ``set`` sub-command) and run, +for instance:: - rustup override set $(scripts/min-tool-version.sh rustc) + rustup override set stable -This will configure your working directory to use the correct version of +This will configure your working directory to use the given version of ``rustc`` without affecting your default toolchain. Note that the override applies to the current working directory (and its @@ -53,7 +145,7 @@ Rust standard library source **************************** The Rust standard library source is required because the build system will -cross-compile ``core`` and ``alloc``. +cross-compile ``core``. If ``rustup`` is being used, run:: @@ -65,9 +157,9 @@ version later on requires re-adding the component. Otherwise, if a standalone installer is used, the Rust source tree may be downloaded into the toolchain's installation folder:: - curl -L "https://static.rust-lang.org/dist/rust-src-$(scripts/min-tool-version.sh rustc).tar.gz" | + curl -L "https://static.rust-lang.org/dist/rust-src-$(rustc --version | cut -d' ' -f2).tar.gz" | tar -xzf - -C "$(rustc --print sysroot)/lib" \ - "rust-src-$(scripts/min-tool-version.sh rustc)/rust-src/lib/" \ + "rust-src-$(rustc --version | cut -d' ' -f2)/rust-src/lib/" \ --strip-components=3 In this case, upgrading the Rust compiler version later on requires manually @@ -101,26 +193,22 @@ bindgen ******* The bindings to the C side of the kernel are generated at build time using -the ``bindgen`` tool. A particular version is required. - -Install it via (note that this will download and build the tool from source):: - - cargo install --locked --version $(scripts/min-tool-version.sh bindgen) bindgen-cli +the ``bindgen`` tool. -``bindgen`` needs to find a suitable ``libclang`` in order to work. If it is -not found (or a different ``libclang`` than the one found should be used), -the process can be tweaked using the environment variables understood by -``clang-sys`` (the Rust bindings crate that ``bindgen`` uses to access -``libclang``): +Install it, for instance, via (note that this will download and build the tool +from source):: -* ``LLVM_CONFIG_PATH`` can be pointed to an ``llvm-config`` executable. + cargo install --locked bindgen-cli -* Or ``LIBCLANG_PATH`` can be pointed to a ``libclang`` shared library - or to the directory containing it. +``bindgen`` uses the ``clang-sys`` crate to find a suitable ``libclang`` (which +may be linked statically, dynamically or loaded at runtime). By default, the +``cargo`` command above will produce a ``bindgen`` binary that will load +``libclang`` at runtime. If it is not found (or a different ``libclang`` than +the one found should be used), the process can be tweaked, e.g. by using the +``LIBCLANG_PATH`` environment variable. For details, please see ``clang-sys``'s +documentation at: -* Or ``CLANG_PATH`` can be pointed to a ``clang`` executable. - -For details, please see ``clang-sys``'s documentation at: + https://github.com/KyleMayes/clang-sys#linking https://github.com/KyleMayes/clang-sys#environment-variables @@ -164,20 +252,6 @@ can be installed manually:: The standalone installers also come with ``clippy``. -cargo -***** - -``cargo`` is the Rust native build system. It is currently required to run -the tests since it is used to build a custom standard library that contains -the facilities provided by the custom ``alloc`` in the kernel. The tests can -be run using the ``rusttest`` Make target. - -If ``rustup`` is being used, all the profiles already install the tool, -thus nothing needs to be done. - -The standalone installers also come with ``cargo``. - - rustdoc ******* @@ -248,7 +322,7 @@ If GDB/Binutils is used and Rust symbols are not getting demangled, the reason is the toolchain does not support Rust's new v0 mangling scheme yet. There are a few ways out: - - Install a newer release (GDB >= 10.2, Binutils >= 2.36). +- Install a newer release (GDB >= 10.2, Binutils >= 2.36). - - Some versions of GDB (e.g. vanilla GDB 10.1) are able to use - the pre-demangled names embedded in the debug info (``CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO``). +- Some versions of GDB (e.g. vanilla GDB 10.1) are able to use + the pre-demangled names embedded in the debug info (``CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO``). |