1 files changed, 593 insertions, 66 deletions

diff --git a/kernel/rcu/refscale.c b/kernel/rcu/refscale.c
index 23ff36a66f97..1b47376acdc4 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/refscale.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/refscale.c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include <linux/rcupdate_trace.h>
 #include <linux/reboot.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/seq_buf.h>
 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
 #include <linux/smp.h>
 #include <linux/stat.h>
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/torture.h>
 #include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/sched/clock.h>
 
 #include "rcu.h"
 
@@ -44,11 +46,26 @@
 	pr_alert("%s" SCALE_FLAG s, scale_type, ## x)
 
 #define VERBOSE_SCALEOUT(s, x...) \
-	do { if (verbose) pr_alert("%s" SCALE_FLAG s, scale_type, ## x); } while (0)
-
-#define VERBOSE_SCALEOUT_ERRSTRING(s, x...) \
-	do { if (verbose) pr_alert("%s" SCALE_FLAG "!!! " s, scale_type, ## x); } while (0)
-
+	do { \
+		if (verbose) \
+			pr_alert("%s" SCALE_FLAG s "\n", scale_type, ## x); \
+	} while (0)
+
+static atomic_t verbose_batch_ctr;
+
+#define VERBOSE_SCALEOUT_BATCH(s, x...)							\
+do {											\
+	if (verbose &&									\
+	    (verbose_batched <= 0 ||							\
+	     !(atomic_inc_return(&verbose_batch_ctr) % verbose_batched))) {		\
+		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);					\
+		pr_alert("%s" SCALE_FLAG s "\n", scale_type, ## x);			\
+	}										\
+} while (0)
+
+#define SCALEOUT_ERRSTRING(s, x...) pr_alert("%s" SCALE_FLAG "!!! " s "\n", scale_type, ## x)
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Scalability test for object reference mechanisms");
 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
 MODULE_AUTHOR("Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>");
 
@@ -57,10 +74,16 @@ module_param(scale_type, charp, 0444);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(scale_type, "Type of test (rcu, srcu, refcnt, rwsem, rwlock.");
 
 torture_param(int, verbose, 0, "Enable verbose debugging printk()s");
+torture_param(int, verbose_batched, 0, "Batch verbose debugging printk()s");
 
+// Number of seconds to extend warm-up and cool-down for multiple guest OSes
+torture_param(long, guest_os_delay, 0,
+	      "Number of seconds to extend warm-up/cool-down for multiple guest OSes.");
 // Wait until there are multiple CPUs before starting test.
 torture_param(int, holdoff, IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_REF_SCALE_TEST) ? 10 : 0,
 	      "Holdoff time before test start (s)");
+// Number of typesafe_lookup structures, that is, the degree of concurrency.
+torture_param(long, lookup_instances, 0, "Number of typesafe_lookup structures.");
 // Number of loops per experiment, all readers execute operations concurrently.
 torture_param(long, loops, 10000, "Number of loops per experiment.");
 // Number of readers, with -1 defaulting to about 75% of the CPUs.
@@ -109,14 +132,14 @@ static int exp_idx;
 
 // Operations vector for selecting different types of tests.
 struct ref_scale_ops {
-	void (*init)(void);
+	bool (*init)(void);
 	void (*cleanup)(void);
 	void (*readsection)(const int nloops);
 	void (*delaysection)(const int nloops, const int udl, const int ndl);
 	const char *name;
 };
 
-static struct ref_scale_ops *cur_ops;
+static const struct ref_scale_ops *cur_ops;
 
 static void un_delay(const int udl, const int ndl)
 {
@@ -147,11 +170,12 @@ static void ref_rcu_delay_section(const int nloops, const int udl, const int ndl
 	}
 }
 
-static void rcu_sync_scale_init(void)
+static bool rcu_sync_scale_init(void)
 {
+	return true;
 }
 
-static struct ref_scale_ops rcu_ops = {
+static const struct ref_scale_ops rcu_ops = {
 	.init		= rcu_sync_scale_init,
 	.readsection	= ref_rcu_read_section,
 	.delaysection	= ref_rcu_delay_section,
@@ -185,13 +209,45 @@ static void srcu_ref_scale_delay_section(const int nloops, const int udl, const
 	}
 }
 
-static struct ref_scale_ops srcu_ops = {
+static const struct ref_scale_ops srcu_ops = {
 	.init		= rcu_sync_scale_init,
 	.readsection	= srcu_ref_scale_read_section,
 	.delaysection	= srcu_ref_scale_delay_section,
 	.name		= "srcu"
 };
 
+static void srcu_lite_ref_scale_read_section(const int nloops)
+{
+	int i;
+	int idx;
+
+	for (i = nloops; i >= 0; i--) {
+		idx = srcu_read_lock_lite(srcu_ctlp);
+		srcu_read_unlock_lite(srcu_ctlp, idx);
+	}
+}
+
+static void srcu_lite_ref_scale_delay_section(const int nloops, const int udl, const int ndl)
+{
+	int i;
+	int idx;
+
+	for (i = nloops; i >= 0; i--) {
+		idx = srcu_read_lock_lite(srcu_ctlp);
+		un_delay(udl, ndl);
+		srcu_read_unlock_lite(srcu_ctlp, idx);
+	}
+}
+
+static const struct ref_scale_ops srcu_lite_ops = {
+	.init		= rcu_sync_scale_init,
+	.readsection	= srcu_lite_ref_scale_read_section,
+	.delaysection	= srcu_lite_ref_scale_delay_section,
+	.name		= "srcu-lite"
+};
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU
+
 // Definitions for RCU Tasks ref scale testing: Empty read markers.
 // These definitions also work for RCU Rude readers.
 static void rcu_tasks_ref_scale_read_section(const int nloops)
@@ -210,13 +266,23 @@ static void rcu_tasks_ref_scale_delay_section(const int nloops, const int udl, c
 		un_delay(udl, ndl);
 }
 
-static struct ref_scale_ops rcu_tasks_ops = {
+static const struct ref_scale_ops rcu_tasks_ops = {
 	.init		= rcu_sync_scale_init,
 	.readsection	= rcu_tasks_ref_scale_read_section,
 	.delaysection	= rcu_tasks_ref_scale_delay_section,
 	.name		= "rcu-tasks"
 };
 
+#define RCU_TASKS_OPS &rcu_tasks_ops,
+
+#else // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU
+
+#define RCU_TASKS_OPS
+
+#endif // #else // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
+
 // Definitions for RCU Tasks Trace ref scale testing.
 static void rcu_trace_ref_scale_read_section(const int nloops)
 {
@@ -239,13 +305,21 @@ static void rcu_trace_ref_scale_delay_section(const int nloops, const int udl, c
 	}
 }
 
-static struct ref_scale_ops rcu_trace_ops = {
+static const struct ref_scale_ops rcu_trace_ops = {
 	.init		= rcu_sync_scale_init,
 	.readsection	= rcu_trace_ref_scale_read_section,
 	.delaysection	= rcu_trace_ref_scale_delay_section,
 	.name		= "rcu-trace"
 };
 
+#define RCU_TRACE_OPS &rcu_trace_ops,
+
+#else // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
+
+#define RCU_TRACE_OPS
+
+#endif // #else // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
+
 // Definitions for reference count
 static atomic_t refcnt;
 
@@ -270,7 +344,7 @@ static void ref_refcnt_delay_section(const int nloops, const int udl, const int
 	}
 }
 
-static struct ref_scale_ops refcnt_ops = {
+static const struct ref_scale_ops refcnt_ops = {
 	.init		= rcu_sync_scale_init,
 	.readsection	= ref_refcnt_section,
 	.delaysection	= ref_refcnt_delay_section,
@@ -280,9 +354,10 @@ static struct ref_scale_ops refcnt_ops = {
 // Definitions for rwlock
 static rwlock_t test_rwlock;
 
-static void ref_rwlock_init(void)
+static bool ref_rwlock_init(void)
 {
 	rwlock_init(&test_rwlock);
+	return true;
 }
 
 static void ref_rwlock_section(const int nloops)
@@ -306,7 +381,7 @@ static void ref_rwlock_delay_section(const int nloops, const int udl, const int
 	}
 }
 
-static struct ref_scale_ops rwlock_ops = {
+static const struct ref_scale_ops rwlock_ops = {
 	.init		= ref_rwlock_init,
 	.readsection	= ref_rwlock_section,
 	.delaysection	= ref_rwlock_delay_section,
@@ -316,9 +391,10 @@ static struct ref_scale_ops rwlock_ops = {
 // Definitions for rwsem
 static struct rw_semaphore test_rwsem;
 
-static void ref_rwsem_init(void)
+static bool ref_rwsem_init(void)
 {
 	init_rwsem(&test_rwsem);
+	return true;
 }
 
 static void ref_rwsem_section(const int nloops)
@@ -342,13 +418,448 @@ static void ref_rwsem_delay_section(const int nloops, const int udl, const int n
 	}
 }
 
-static struct ref_scale_ops rwsem_ops = {
+static const struct ref_scale_ops rwsem_ops = {
 	.init		= ref_rwsem_init,
 	.readsection	= ref_rwsem_section,
 	.delaysection	= ref_rwsem_delay_section,
 	.name		= "rwsem"
 };
 
+// Definitions for global spinlock
+static DEFINE_RAW_SPINLOCK(test_lock);
+
+static void ref_lock_section(const int nloops)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	preempt_disable();
+	for (i = nloops; i >= 0; i--) {
+		raw_spin_lock(&test_lock);
+		raw_spin_unlock(&test_lock);
+	}
+	preempt_enable();
+}
+
+static void ref_lock_delay_section(const int nloops, const int udl, const int ndl)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	preempt_disable();
+	for (i = nloops; i >= 0; i--) {
+		raw_spin_lock(&test_lock);
+		un_delay(udl, ndl);
+		raw_spin_unlock(&test_lock);
+	}
+	preempt_enable();
+}
+
+static const struct ref_scale_ops lock_ops = {
+	.readsection	= ref_lock_section,
+	.delaysection	= ref_lock_delay_section,
+	.name		= "lock"
+};
+
+// Definitions for global irq-save spinlock
+
+static void ref_lock_irq_section(const int nloops)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	int i;
+
+	preempt_disable();
+	for (i = nloops; i >= 0; i--) {
+		raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&test_lock, flags);
+		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&test_lock, flags);
+	}
+	preempt_enable();
+}
+
+static void ref_lock_irq_delay_section(const int nloops, const int udl, const int ndl)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	int i;
+
+	preempt_disable();
+	for (i = nloops; i >= 0; i--) {
+		raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&test_lock, flags);
+		un_delay(udl, ndl);
+		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&test_lock, flags);
+	}
+	preempt_enable();
+}
+
+static const struct ref_scale_ops lock_irq_ops = {
+	.readsection	= ref_lock_irq_section,
+	.delaysection	= ref_lock_irq_delay_section,
+	.name		= "lock-irq"
+};
+
+// Definitions acquire-release.
+static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, test_acqrel);
+
+static void ref_acqrel_section(const int nloops)
+{
+	unsigned long x;
+	int i;
+
+	preempt_disable();
+	for (i = nloops; i >= 0; i--) {
+		x = smp_load_acquire(this_cpu_ptr(&test_acqrel));
+		smp_store_release(this_cpu_ptr(&test_acqrel), x + 1);
+	}
+	preempt_enable();
+}
+
+static void ref_acqrel_delay_section(const int nloops, const int udl, const int ndl)
+{
+	unsigned long x;
+	int i;
+
+	preempt_disable();
+	for (i = nloops; i >= 0; i--) {
+		x = smp_load_acquire(this_cpu_ptr(&test_acqrel));
+		un_delay(udl, ndl);
+		smp_store_release(this_cpu_ptr(&test_acqrel), x + 1);
+	}
+	preempt_enable();
+}
+
+static const struct ref_scale_ops acqrel_ops = {
+	.readsection	= ref_acqrel_section,
+	.delaysection	= ref_acqrel_delay_section,
+	.name		= "acqrel"
+};
+
+static volatile u64 stopopts;
+
+static void ref_sched_clock_section(const int nloops)
+{
+	u64 x = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	preempt_disable();
+	for (i = nloops; i >= 0; i--)
+		x += sched_clock();
+	preempt_enable();
+	stopopts = x;
+}
+
+static void ref_sched_clock_delay_section(const int nloops, const int udl, const int ndl)
+{
+	u64 x = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	preempt_disable();
+	for (i = nloops; i >= 0; i--) {
+		x += sched_clock();
+		un_delay(udl, ndl);
+	}
+	preempt_enable();
+	stopopts = x;
+}
+
+static const struct ref_scale_ops sched_clock_ops = {
+	.readsection	= ref_sched_clock_section,
+	.delaysection	= ref_sched_clock_delay_section,
+	.name		= "sched-clock"
+};
+
+
+static void ref_clock_section(const int nloops)
+{
+	u64 x = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	preempt_disable();
+	for (i = nloops; i >= 0; i--)
+		x += ktime_get_real_fast_ns();
+	preempt_enable();
+	stopopts = x;
+}
+
+static void ref_clock_delay_section(const int nloops, const int udl, const int ndl)
+{
+	u64 x = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	preempt_disable();
+	for (i = nloops; i >= 0; i--) {
+		x += ktime_get_real_fast_ns();
+		un_delay(udl, ndl);
+	}
+	preempt_enable();
+	stopopts = x;
+}
+
+static const struct ref_scale_ops clock_ops = {
+	.readsection	= ref_clock_section,
+	.delaysection	= ref_clock_delay_section,
+	.name		= "clock"
+};
+
+static void ref_jiffies_section(const int nloops)
+{
+	u64 x = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	preempt_disable();
+	for (i = nloops; i >= 0; i--)
+		x += jiffies;
+	preempt_enable();
+	stopopts = x;
+}
+
+static void ref_jiffies_delay_section(const int nloops, const int udl, const int ndl)
+{
+	u64 x = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	preempt_disable();
+	for (i = nloops; i >= 0; i--) {
+		x += jiffies;
+		un_delay(udl, ndl);
+	}
+	preempt_enable();
+	stopopts = x;
+}
+
+static const struct ref_scale_ops jiffies_ops = {
+	.readsection	= ref_jiffies_section,
+	.delaysection	= ref_jiffies_delay_section,
+	.name		= "jiffies"
+};
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// Methods leveraging SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU.
+//
+
+// Item to look up in a typesafe manner.  Array of pointers to these.
+struct refscale_typesafe {
+	atomic_t rts_refctr;  // Used by all flavors
+	spinlock_t rts_lock;
+	seqlock_t rts_seqlock;
+	unsigned int a;
+	unsigned int b;
+};
+
+static struct kmem_cache *typesafe_kmem_cachep;
+static struct refscale_typesafe **rtsarray;
+static long rtsarray_size;
+static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM_PERCPU(refscale_rand);
+static bool (*rts_acquire)(struct refscale_typesafe *rtsp, unsigned int *start);
+static bool (*rts_release)(struct refscale_typesafe *rtsp, unsigned int start);
+
+// Conditionally acquire an explicit in-structure reference count.
+static bool typesafe_ref_acquire(struct refscale_typesafe *rtsp, unsigned int *start)
+{
+	return atomic_inc_not_zero(&rtsp->rts_refctr);
+}
+
+// Unconditionally release an explicit in-structure reference count.
+static bool typesafe_ref_release(struct refscale_typesafe *rtsp, unsigned int start)
+{
+	if (!atomic_dec_return(&rtsp->rts_refctr)) {
+		WRITE_ONCE(rtsp->a, rtsp->a + 1);
+		kmem_cache_free(typesafe_kmem_cachep, rtsp);
+	}
+	return true;
+}
+
+// Unconditionally acquire an explicit in-structure spinlock.
+static bool typesafe_lock_acquire(struct refscale_typesafe *rtsp, unsigned int *start)
+{
+	spin_lock(&rtsp->rts_lock);
+	return true;
+}
+
+// Unconditionally release an explicit in-structure spinlock.
+static bool typesafe_lock_release(struct refscale_typesafe *rtsp, unsigned int start)
+{
+	spin_unlock(&rtsp->rts_lock);
+	return true;
+}
+
+// Unconditionally acquire an explicit in-structure sequence lock.
+static bool typesafe_seqlock_acquire(struct refscale_typesafe *rtsp, unsigned int *start)
+{
+	*start = read_seqbegin(&rtsp->rts_seqlock);
+	return true;
+}
+
+// Conditionally release an explicit in-structure sequence lock.  Return
+// true if this release was successful, that is, if no retry is required.
+static bool typesafe_seqlock_release(struct refscale_typesafe *rtsp, unsigned int start)
+{
+	return !read_seqretry(&rtsp->rts_seqlock, start);
+}
+
+// Do a read-side critical section with the specified delay in
+// microseconds and nanoseconds inserted so as to increase probability
+// of failure.
+static void typesafe_delay_section(const int nloops, const int udl, const int ndl)
+{
+	unsigned int a;
+	unsigned int b;
+	int i;
+	long idx;
+	struct refscale_typesafe *rtsp;
+	unsigned int start;
+
+	for (i = nloops; i >= 0; i--) {
+		preempt_disable();
+		idx = torture_random(this_cpu_ptr(&refscale_rand)) % rtsarray_size;
+		preempt_enable();
+retry:
+		rcu_read_lock();
+		rtsp = rcu_dereference(rtsarray[idx]);
+		a = READ_ONCE(rtsp->a);
+		if (!rts_acquire(rtsp, &start)) {
+			rcu_read_unlock();
+			goto retry;
+		}
+		if (a != READ_ONCE(rtsp->a)) {
+			(void)rts_release(rtsp, start);
+			rcu_read_unlock();
+			goto retry;
+		}
+		un_delay(udl, ndl);
+		b = READ_ONCE(rtsp->a);
+		// Remember, seqlock read-side release can fail.
+		if (!rts_release(rtsp, start)) {
+			rcu_read_unlock();
+			goto retry;
+		}
+		WARN_ONCE(a != b, "Re-read of ->a changed from %u to %u.\n", a, b);
+		b = rtsp->b;
+		rcu_read_unlock();
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(a * a != b);
+	}
+}
+
+// Because the acquisition and release methods are expensive, there
+// is no point in optimizing away the un_delay() function's two checks.
+// Thus simply define typesafe_read_section() as a simple wrapper around
+// typesafe_delay_section().
+static void typesafe_read_section(const int nloops)
+{
+	typesafe_delay_section(nloops, 0, 0);
+}
+
+// Allocate and initialize one refscale_typesafe structure.
+static struct refscale_typesafe *typesafe_alloc_one(void)
+{
+	struct refscale_typesafe *rtsp;
+
+	rtsp = kmem_cache_alloc(typesafe_kmem_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!rtsp)
+		return NULL;
+	atomic_set(&rtsp->rts_refctr, 1);
+	WRITE_ONCE(rtsp->a, rtsp->a + 1);
+	WRITE_ONCE(rtsp->b, rtsp->a * rtsp->a);
+	return rtsp;
+}
+
+// Slab-allocator constructor for refscale_typesafe structures created
+// out of a new slab of system memory.
+static void refscale_typesafe_ctor(void *rtsp_in)
+{
+	struct refscale_typesafe *rtsp = rtsp_in;
+
+	spin_lock_init(&rtsp->rts_lock);
+	seqlock_init(&rtsp->rts_seqlock);
+	preempt_disable();
+	rtsp->a = torture_random(this_cpu_ptr(&refscale_rand));
+	preempt_enable();
+}
+
+static const struct ref_scale_ops typesafe_ref_ops;
+static const struct ref_scale_ops typesafe_lock_ops;
+static const struct ref_scale_ops typesafe_seqlock_ops;
+
+// Initialize for a typesafe test.
+static bool typesafe_init(void)
+{
+	long idx;
+	long si = lookup_instances;
+
+	typesafe_kmem_cachep = kmem_cache_create("refscale_typesafe",
+						 sizeof(struct refscale_typesafe), sizeof(void *),
+						 SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU, refscale_typesafe_ctor);
+	if (!typesafe_kmem_cachep)
+		return false;
+	if (si < 0)
+		si = -si * nr_cpu_ids;
+	else if (si == 0)
+		si = nr_cpu_ids;
+	rtsarray_size = si;
+	rtsarray = kcalloc(si, sizeof(*rtsarray), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!rtsarray)
+		return false;
+	for (idx = 0; idx < rtsarray_size; idx++) {
+		rtsarray[idx] = typesafe_alloc_one();
+		if (!rtsarray[idx])
+			return false;
+	}
+	if (cur_ops == &typesafe_ref_ops) {
+		rts_acquire = typesafe_ref_acquire;
+		rts_release = typesafe_ref_release;
+	} else if (cur_ops == &typesafe_lock_ops) {
+		rts_acquire = typesafe_lock_acquire;
+		rts_release = typesafe_lock_release;
+	} else if (cur_ops == &typesafe_seqlock_ops) {
+		rts_acquire = typesafe_seqlock_acquire;
+		rts_release = typesafe_seqlock_release;
+	} else {
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
+		return false;
+	}
+	return true;
+}
+
+// Clean up after a typesafe test.
+static void typesafe_cleanup(void)
+{
+	long idx;
+
+	if (rtsarray) {
+		for (idx = 0; idx < rtsarray_size; idx++)
+			kmem_cache_free(typesafe_kmem_cachep, rtsarray[idx]);
+		kfree(rtsarray);
+		rtsarray = NULL;
+		rtsarray_size = 0;
+	}
+	kmem_cache_destroy(typesafe_kmem_cachep);
+	typesafe_kmem_cachep = NULL;
+	rts_acquire = NULL;
+	rts_release = NULL;
+}
+
+// The typesafe_init() function distinguishes these structures by address.
+static const struct ref_scale_ops typesafe_ref_ops = {
+	.init		= typesafe_init,
+	.cleanup	= typesafe_cleanup,
+	.readsection	= typesafe_read_section,
+	.delaysection	= typesafe_delay_section,
+	.name		= "typesafe_ref"
+};
+
+static const struct ref_scale_ops typesafe_lock_ops = {
+	.init		= typesafe_init,
+	.cleanup	= typesafe_cleanup,
+	.readsection	= typesafe_read_section,
+	.delaysection	= typesafe_delay_section,
+	.name		= "typesafe_lock"
+};
+
+static const struct ref_scale_ops typesafe_seqlock_ops = {
+	.init		= typesafe_init,
+	.cleanup	= typesafe_cleanup,
+	.readsection	= typesafe_read_section,
+	.delaysection	= typesafe_delay_section,
+	.name		= "typesafe_seqlock"
+};
+
 static void rcu_scale_one_reader(void)
 {
 	if (readdelay <= 0)
@@ -357,6 +868,18 @@ static void rcu_scale_one_reader(void)
 		cur_ops->delaysection(loops, readdelay / 1000, readdelay % 1000);
 }
 
+// Warm up cache, or, if needed run a series of rcu_scale_one_reader()
+// to allow multiple rcuscale guest OSes to collect mutually valid data.
+static void rcu_scale_warm_cool(void)
+{
+	unsigned long jdone = jiffies + (guest_os_delay > 0 ? guest_os_delay * HZ : -1);
+
+	do {
+		rcu_scale_one_reader();
+		cond_resched();
+	} while (time_before(jiffies, jdone));
+}
+
 // Reader kthread.  Repeatedly does empty RCU read-side
 // critical section, minimizing update-side interference.
 static int
@@ -368,14 +891,14 @@ ref_scale_reader(void *arg)
 	u64 start;
 	s64 duration;
 
-	VERBOSE_SCALEOUT("ref_scale_reader %ld: task started", me);
-	set_cpus_allowed_ptr(current, cpumask_of(me % nr_cpu_ids));
+	VERBOSE_SCALEOUT_BATCH("ref_scale_reader %ld: task started", me);
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(set_cpus_allowed_ptr(current, cpumask_of(me % nr_cpu_ids)));
 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
 	atomic_inc(&n_init);
 	if (holdoff)
 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(holdoff * HZ);
 repeat:
-	VERBOSE_SCALEOUT("ref_scale_reader %ld: waiting to start next experiment on cpu %d", me, smp_processor_id());
+	VERBOSE_SCALEOUT_BATCH("ref_scale_reader %ld: waiting to start next experiment on cpu %d", me, raw_smp_processor_id());
 
 	// Wait for signal that this reader can start.
 	wait_event(rt->wq, (atomic_read(&nreaders_exp) && smp_load_acquire(&rt->start_reader)) ||
@@ -385,14 +908,14 @@ repeat:
 		goto end;
 
 	// Make sure that the CPU is affinitized appropriately during testing.
-	WARN_ON_ONCE(smp_processor_id() != me);
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(raw_smp_processor_id() != me % nr_cpu_ids);
 
 	WRITE_ONCE(rt->start_reader, 0);
 	if (!atomic_dec_return(&n_started))
 		while (atomic_read_acquire(&n_started))
 			cpu_relax();
 
-	VERBOSE_SCALEOUT("ref_scale_reader %ld: experiment %d started", me, exp_idx);
+	VERBOSE_SCALEOUT_BATCH("ref_scale_reader %ld: experiment %d started", me, exp_idx);
 
 
 	// To reduce noise, do an initial cache-warming invocation, check
@@ -421,8 +944,8 @@ repeat:
 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&nreaders_exp))
 		wake_up(&main_wq);
 
-	VERBOSE_SCALEOUT("ref_scale_reader %ld: experiment %d ended, (readers remaining=%d)",
-			me, exp_idx, atomic_read(&nreaders_exp));
+	VERBOSE_SCALEOUT_BATCH("ref_scale_reader %ld: experiment %d ended, (readers remaining=%d)",
+				me, exp_idx, atomic_read(&nreaders_exp));
 
 	if (!torture_must_stop())
 		goto repeat;
@@ -448,30 +971,34 @@ static u64 process_durations(int n)
 {
 	int i;
 	struct reader_task *rt;
-	char buf1[64];
+	struct seq_buf s;
 	char *buf;
 	u64 sum = 0;
 
-	buf = kmalloc(128 + nreaders * 32, GFP_KERNEL);
+	buf = kmalloc(800 + 64, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!buf)
 		return 0;
-	buf[0] = 0;
-	sprintf(buf, "Experiment #%d (Format: <THREAD-NUM>:<Total loop time in ns>)",
-		exp_idx);
+	seq_buf_init(&s, buf, 800 + 64);
+
+	seq_buf_printf(&s, "Experiment #%d (Format: <THREAD-NUM>:<Total loop time in ns>)",
+		       exp_idx);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < n && !torture_must_stop(); i++) {
 		rt = &(reader_tasks[i]);
-		sprintf(buf1, "%d: %llu\t", i, rt->last_duration_ns);
 
 		if (i % 5 == 0)
-			strcat(buf, "\n");
-		strcat(buf, buf1);
+			seq_buf_putc(&s, '\n');
+
+		if (seq_buf_used(&s) >= 800) {
+			pr_alert("%s", seq_buf_str(&s));
+			seq_buf_clear(&s);
+		}
+
+		seq_buf_printf(&s, "%d: %llu\t", i, rt->last_duration_ns);
 
 		sum += rt->last_duration_ns;
 	}
-	strcat(buf, "\n");
-
-	SCALEOUT("%s\n", buf);
+	pr_alert("%s\n", seq_buf_str(&s));
 
 	kfree(buf);
 	return sum;
@@ -485,7 +1012,6 @@ static u64 process_durations(int n)
 // point all the timestamps are printed.
 static int main_func(void *arg)
 {
-	bool errexit = false;
 	int exp, r;
 	char buf1[64];
 	char *buf;
@@ -496,10 +1022,10 @@ static int main_func(void *arg)
 
 	VERBOSE_SCALEOUT("main_func task started");
 	result_avg = kzalloc(nruns * sizeof(*result_avg), GFP_KERNEL);
-	buf = kzalloc(64 + nruns * 32, GFP_KERNEL);
+	buf = kzalloc(800 + 64, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!result_avg || !buf) {
-		VERBOSE_SCALEOUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
-		errexit = true;
+		SCALEOUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
+		goto oom_exit;
 	}
 	if (holdoff)
 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(holdoff * HZ);
@@ -510,9 +1036,8 @@ static int main_func(void *arg)
 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
 
 	// Start exp readers up per experiment
+	rcu_scale_warm_cool();
 	for (exp = 0; exp < nruns && !torture_must_stop(); exp++) {
-		if (errexit)
-			break;
 		if (torture_must_stop())
 			goto end;
 
@@ -542,30 +1067,28 @@ static int main_func(void *arg)
 
 		result_avg[exp] = div_u64(1000 * process_durations(nreaders), nreaders * loops);
 	}
+	rcu_scale_warm_cool();
 
 	// Print the average of all experiments
 	SCALEOUT("END OF TEST. Calculating average duration per loop (nanoseconds)...\n");
 
-	if (!errexit) {
-		buf[0] = 0;
-		strcat(buf, "\n");
-		strcat(buf, "Runs\tTime(ns)\n");
-	}
-
+	pr_alert("Runs\tTime(ns)\n");
 	for (exp = 0; exp < nruns; exp++) {
 		u64 avg;
 		u32 rem;
 
-		if (errexit)
-			break;
 		avg = div_u64_rem(result_avg[exp], 1000, &rem);
 		sprintf(buf1, "%d\t%llu.%03u\n", exp + 1, avg, rem);
 		strcat(buf, buf1);
+		if (strlen(buf) >= 800) {
+			pr_alert("%s", buf);
+			buf[0] = 0;
+		}
 	}
 
-	if (!errexit)
-		SCALEOUT("%s", buf);
+	pr_alert("%s", buf);
 
+oom_exit:
 	// This will shutdown everything including us.
 	if (shutdown) {
 		shutdown_start = 1;
@@ -584,11 +1107,11 @@ end:
 }
 
 static void
-ref_scale_print_module_parms(struct ref_scale_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
+ref_scale_print_module_parms(const struct ref_scale_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
 {
 	pr_alert("%s" SCALE_FLAG
-		 "--- %s:  verbose=%d shutdown=%d holdoff=%d loops=%ld nreaders=%d nruns=%d readdelay=%d\n", scale_type, tag,
-		 verbose, shutdown, holdoff, loops, nreaders, nruns, readdelay);
+		 "--- %s:  verbose=%d verbose_batched=%d shutdown=%d holdoff=%d lookup_instances=%ld loops=%ld nreaders=%d nruns=%d readdelay=%d\n", scale_type, tag,
+		 verbose, verbose_batched, shutdown, holdoff, lookup_instances, loops, nreaders, nruns, readdelay);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -625,7 +1148,7 @@ ref_scale_cleanup(void)
 static int
 ref_scale_shutdown(void *arg)
 {
-	wait_event(shutdown_wq, shutdown_start);
+	wait_event_idle(shutdown_wq, shutdown_start);
 
 	smp_mb(); // Wake before output.
 	ref_scale_cleanup();
@@ -639,9 +1162,11 @@ ref_scale_init(void)
 {
 	long i;
 	int firsterr = 0;
-	static struct ref_scale_ops *scale_ops[] = {
-		&rcu_ops, &srcu_ops, &rcu_trace_ops, &rcu_tasks_ops,
-		&refcnt_ops, &rwlock_ops, &rwsem_ops,
+	static const struct ref_scale_ops *scale_ops[] = {
+		&rcu_ops, &srcu_ops, &srcu_lite_ops, RCU_TRACE_OPS RCU_TASKS_OPS
+		&refcnt_ops, &rwlock_ops, &rwsem_ops, &lock_ops, &lock_irq_ops,
+		&acqrel_ops, &sched_clock_ops, &clock_ops, &jiffies_ops,
+		&typesafe_ref_ops, &typesafe_lock_ops, &typesafe_seqlock_ops,
 	};
 
 	if (!torture_init_begin(scale_type, verbose))
@@ -663,7 +1188,10 @@ ref_scale_init(void)
 		goto unwind;
 	}
 	if (cur_ops->init)
-		cur_ops->init();
+		if (!cur_ops->init()) {
+			firsterr = -EUCLEAN;
+			goto unwind;
+		}
 
 	ref_scale_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "Start of test");
 
@@ -672,7 +1200,7 @@ ref_scale_init(void)
 		init_waitqueue_head(&shutdown_wq);
 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(ref_scale_shutdown, NULL,
 						  shutdown_task);
-		if (firsterr)
+		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
 			goto unwind;
 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
 	}
@@ -689,26 +1217,25 @@ ref_scale_init(void)
 	reader_tasks = kcalloc(nreaders, sizeof(reader_tasks[0]),
 			       GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!reader_tasks) {
-		VERBOSE_SCALEOUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
+		SCALEOUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
 		firsterr = -ENOMEM;
 		goto unwind;
 	}
 
-	VERBOSE_SCALEOUT("Starting %d reader threads\n", nreaders);
+	VERBOSE_SCALEOUT("Starting %d reader threads", nreaders);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < nreaders; i++) {
+		init_waitqueue_head(&reader_tasks[i].wq);
 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(ref_scale_reader, (void *)i,
 						  reader_tasks[i].task);
-		if (firsterr)
+		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
 			goto unwind;
-
-		init_waitqueue_head(&(reader_tasks[i].wq));
 	}
 
 	// Main Task
 	init_waitqueue_head(&main_wq);
 	firsterr = torture_create_kthread(main_func, NULL, main_task);
-	if (firsterr)
+	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
 		goto unwind;
 
 	torture_init_end();