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Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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After the conversion of pxa architecture to common clock framework, the
NAND clock can be disabled on startup if no nand driver claims it.
In this case, it happens that if the bootloader used the NAND and set
the DFI arbitration bit, the next access to a static memory controller
area, such as an ethernet card, the system bus will stall, and the core
will be stalled forever.
Fix this by clearing the DFI arbritration bit in pxa3xx startup. The bit
will be enabled the pxa3xx-nand driver on need anyway. The only left
requirement is that upon pxa3xx-nand removal, the bit should be cleared
before the clock is disabled.
Signed-off-by: Robert Jarzmik <robert.jarzmik@free.fr>
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The commit 2111667b4677 ("ARM: pxa: call debug_ll_io_init for
earlyprintk") triggers in the current kernel the attached backtrace on
PXA/tosa early in the boot time when DEBUG_LL is enabled.
It is due to overlap between uart virtual memory defined in
DEBUG_UART_VIRT and mapped by debug_ll_io_init() and peripheral bus
mapped by pxa_map_io at the same address, 0xf2100000.
As hinted by Arnd, map early virtual memory for low level debug on
address 0xf6200000, even if that means 2 virtual mappings will give
access to the pxa internal UARTs (FFUART, BTUART, STUART, ...).
------------[ cut here ]------------
kernel BUG at /home/lumag/linux/mm/vmalloc.c:1143!
Internal error: Oops - BUG: 0 [#1] PREEMPT ARM
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 3.17.0-00032-g8e0d202-dirty #23
task: c062a5a8 ti: c0620000 task.ti: c0620000
PC is at vm_area_add_early+0x54/0x84
LR is at add_static_vm_early+0xc/0x60
pc : [<c03e1100>] lr : [<c03d9ef4>] psr: 800001d3
sp : c0621f04 ip : c03efa74 fp : c03edf84
r10: c0637e98 r9 : 40000001 r8 : c03da57c
r7 : c3ffcfb0 r6 : 00000000 r5 : c3ffcfb0 r4 : 02000000
r3 : c3ffcfd8 r2 : f2100000 r1 : f4000000 r0 : c3ffcfb0
Flags: Nzcv IRQs off FIQs off Mode SVC_32 ISA ARM Segment kernel
Control: 00007977 Table: a0004000 DAC: 00000017
Process swapper (pid: 0, stack limit = 0xc06201c8)
Stack: (0xc0621f04 to 0xc0622000)
1f00: c3ffcfd8 40000001 c3ffcfd8 c03ee08c c03da570 c03db90c c0637d24
1f20: 00000000 c03ec7cc c066e654 a0700000 000a0700 c03db914 c03db90c c03daf84
1f40: 00000000 000a0000 c0000000 c03ec7cc 000a0700 c0700000 ffff1000 000a3fff
1f60: 00001000 00000007 00000000 c03ec7cc c0008000 c03ed748 c0621fd4 c03d5d18
1f80: 69052d00 a03ec48c 00000000 c03d8ad0 0000006c 00007977 c036c6e8 00000001
1fa0: c0621fd4 c03ed744 c0628000 a0004000 69052d00 a03ec48c 00000000 c03d68d4
1fc0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 c03ed748 c0649894 c062801c
1fe0: c03ed744 c062b2f0 a0004000 69052d00 a03ec48c a0008040 00000000 00000000
[<c03e1100>] (vm_area_add_early) from [<c03d9ef4>] (add_static_vm_early+0xc/0x60)
[<c03d9ef4>] (add_static_vm_early) from [<c03da570>] (iotable_init.part.6+0xa8/0xb4)
[<c03da570>] (iotable_init.part.6) from [<c03db914>] (pxa25x_map_io+0x8/0x24)
[<c03db914>] (pxa25x_map_io) from [<c03daf84>] (paging_init+0x744/0x8d8)
[<c03daf84>] (paging_init) from [<c03d8ad0>] (setup_arch+0x354/0x608)
[<c03d8ad0>] (setup_arch) from [<c03d68d4>] (start_kernel+0xa8/0x3dc)
[<c03d68d4>] (start_kernel) from [<a0008040>] (0xa0008040)
Code: e5904008 e0811004 e1520001 2a000005 (e7f001f2)
---[ end trace f24b6c88ae00fa9a ]---
Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill the idle task!
---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill the idle task!
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Reported-by: Dmitry Eremin-Solenikov <dbaryshkov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Robert Jarzmik <robert.jarzmik@free.fr>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
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