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Instead of directly generating an UNDEF when trapping a CP15 access,
let's add a new entry point to that effect (which only generates an
UNDEF for now).
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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Rather than panic() when taking an undefined instruction exception from
EL1, allow a hook to be registered in case we want to emulate the
instruction, like we will for the SSBS PSTATE manipulation instructions.
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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This adds support for the STACKLEAK gcc plugin to arm64 by implementing
stackleak_check_alloca(), based heavily on the x86 version, and adding the
two helpers used by the stackleak common code: current_top_of_stack() and
on_thread_stack(). The stack erasure calls are made at syscall returns.
Additionally, this disables the plugin in hypervisor and EFI stub code,
which are out of scope for the protection.
Acked-by: Alexander Popov <alex.popov@linux.com>
Reviewed-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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We can zero GPRs x0 - x29 upon entry from EL0 to make it harder for
userspace to control values consumed by speculative gadgets.
We don't blat x30, since this is stashed much later, and we'll blat it
before invoking C code.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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Now that all of the syscall logic works on the saved pt_regs, apply_ssbd
can safely corrupt x0-x3 in the entry paths, and we no longer need to
restore them. So let's remove the logic doing so.
With that logic gone, we can fold the branch target into the macro, so
that callers need not deal with this. GAS provides \@, which provides a
unique value per macro invocation, which we can use to create a unique
label.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Acked-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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Now that syscalls are invoked with pt_regs, we no longer need to ensure
that the argument regsiters are live in the entry assembly, and it's
fine to not restore them after context_tracking_user_exit() has
corrupted them.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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Now that the syscall invocation logic is in C, we can migrate the rest
of the syscall entry logic over, so that the entry assembly needn't look
at the register values at all.
The SVE reset across syscall logic now unconditionally clears TIF_SVE,
but sve_user_disable() will only write back to CPACR_EL1 when SVE is
actually enabled.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Dave Martin <dave.martin@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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Currently syscall tracing is a tricky assembly state machine, which can
be rather difficult to follow, and even harder to modify. Before we
start fiddling with it for pt_regs syscalls, let's convert it to C.
This is not intended to have any functional change.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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As a first step towards invoking syscalls with a pt_regs argument,
convert the raw syscall invocation logic to C. We end up with a bit more
register shuffling, but the unified invocation logic means we can unify
the tracing paths, too.
Previously, assembly had to open-code calls to ni_sys() when the system
call number was out-of-bounds for the relevant syscall table. This case
is now handled by invoke_syscall(), and the assembly no longer need to
handle this case explicitly. This allows the tracing paths to be
simplified and unified, as we no longer need the __ni_sys_trace path and
the __sys_trace_return label.
This only converts the invocation of the syscall. The rest of the
syscall triage and tracing is left in assembly for now, and will be
converted in subsequent patches.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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The arm64 sigreturn* syscall handlers are non-standard. Rather than
taking a number of user parameters in registers as per the AAPCS,
they expect the pt_regs as their sole argument.
To make this work, we override the syscall definitions to invoke
wrappers written in assembly, which mov the SP into x0, and branch to
their respective C functions.
On other architectures (such as x86), the sigreturn* functions take no
argument and instead use current_pt_regs() to acquire the user
registers. This requires less boilerplate code, and allows for other
features such as interposing C code in this path.
This patch takes the same approach for arm64.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Tentatively-reviewed-by: Dave Martin <dave.martin@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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Implement calls to rseq_signal_deliver, rseq_handle_notify_resume
and rseq_syscall so that we can select HAVE_RSEQ on arm64.
Acked-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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In order to allow userspace to be mitigated on demand, let's
introduce a new thread flag that prevents the mitigation from
being turned off when exiting to userspace, and doesn't turn
it on on entry into the kernel (with the assumption that the
mitigation is always enabled in the kernel itself).
This will be used by a prctl interface introduced in a later
patch.
Reviewed-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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In order to avoid checking arm64_ssbd_callback_required on each
kernel entry/exit even if no mitigation is required, let's
add yet another alternative that by default jumps over the mitigation,
and that gets nop'ed out if we're doing dynamic mitigation.
Think of it as a poor man's static key...
Reviewed-by: Julien Grall <julien.grall@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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In a heterogeneous system, we can end up with both affected and
unaffected CPUs. Let's check their status before calling into the
firmware.
Reviewed-by: Julien Grall <julien.grall@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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In order for the kernel to protect itself, let's call the SSBD mitigation
implemented by the higher exception level (either hypervisor or firmware)
on each transition between userspace and kernel.
We must take the PSCI conduit into account in order to target the
right exception level, hence the introduction of a runtime patching
callback.
Reviewed-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Julien Grall <julien.grall@arm.com>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux
Pull more arm64 updates from Catalin Marinas:
"As I mentioned in the last pull request, there's a second batch of
security updates for arm64 with mitigations for Spectre/v1 and an
improved one for Spectre/v2 (via a newly defined firmware interface
API).
Spectre v1 mitigation:
- back-end version of array_index_mask_nospec()
- masking of the syscall number to restrict speculation through the
syscall table
- masking of __user pointers prior to deference in uaccess routines
Spectre v2 mitigation update:
- using the new firmware SMC calling convention specification update
- removing the current PSCI GET_VERSION firmware call mitigation as
vendors are deploying new SMCCC-capable firmware
- additional branch predictor hardening for synchronous exceptions
and interrupts while in user mode
Meltdown v3 mitigation update:
- Cavium Thunder X is unaffected but a hardware erratum gets in the
way. The kernel now starts with the page tables mapped as global
and switches to non-global if kpti needs to be enabled.
Other:
- Theoretical trylock bug fixed"
* tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux: (38 commits)
arm64: Kill PSCI_GET_VERSION as a variant-2 workaround
arm64: Add ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 BP hardening support
arm/arm64: smccc: Implement SMCCC v1.1 inline primitive
arm/arm64: smccc: Make function identifiers an unsigned quantity
firmware/psci: Expose SMCCC version through psci_ops
firmware/psci: Expose PSCI conduit
arm64: KVM: Add SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 fast handling
arm64: KVM: Report SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 BP hardening support
arm/arm64: KVM: Turn kvm_psci_version into a static inline
arm/arm64: KVM: Advertise SMCCC v1.1
arm/arm64: KVM: Implement PSCI 1.0 support
arm/arm64: KVM: Add smccc accessors to PSCI code
arm/arm64: KVM: Add PSCI_VERSION helper
arm/arm64: KVM: Consolidate the PSCI include files
arm64: KVM: Increment PC after handling an SMC trap
arm: KVM: Fix SMCCC handling of unimplemented SMC/HVC calls
arm64: KVM: Fix SMCCC handling of unimplemented SMC/HVC calls
arm64: entry: Apply BP hardening for suspicious interrupts from EL0
arm64: entry: Apply BP hardening for high-priority synchronous exceptions
arm64: futex: Mask __user pointers prior to dereference
...
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It is possible to take an IRQ from EL0 following a branch to a kernel
address in such a way that the IRQ is prioritised over the instruction
abort. Whilst an attacker would need to get the stars to align here,
it might be sufficient with enough calibration so perform BP hardening
in the rare case that we see a kernel address in the ELR when handling
an IRQ from EL0.
Reported-by: Dan Hettena <dhettena@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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Software-step and PC alignment fault exceptions have higher priority than
instruction abort exceptions, so apply the BP hardening hooks there too
if the user PC appears to reside in kernel space.
Reported-by: Dan Hettena <dhettena@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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In a similar manner to array_index_mask_nospec, this patch introduces an
assembly macro (mask_nospec64) which can be used to bound a value under
speculation. This macro is then used to ensure that the indirect branch
through the syscall table is bounded under speculation, with out-of-range
addresses speculating as calls to sys_io_setup (0).
Reviewed-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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Currently, USER_DS represents an exclusive limit while KERNEL_DS is
inclusive. In order to do some clever trickery for speculation-safe
masking, we need them both to behave equivalently - there aren't enough
bits to make KERNEL_DS exclusive, so we have precisely one option. This
also happens to correct a longstanding false negative for a range
ending on the very top byte of kernel memory.
Mark Rutland points out that we've actually got the semantics of
addresses vs. segments muddled up in most of the places we need to
amend, so shuffle the {USER,KERNEL}_DS definitions around such that we
can correct those properly instead of just pasting "-1"s everywhere.
Signed-off-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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We don't fully understand the Cavium ThunderX erratum, but it appears
that mapping the kernel as nG can lead to horrible consequences such as
attempting to execute userspace from kernel context. Since kpti isn't
enabled for these CPUs anyway, simplify the comment justifying the lack
of post_ttbr_update_workaround in the exception trampoline.
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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Conflicts:
arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S
arch/x86/Kconfig
include/linux/sched/mm.h
kernel/fork.c
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrea Parri <parri.andrea@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrew Hunter <ahh@google.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@scylladb.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Cc: Dave Watson <davejwatson@fb.com>
Cc: David Sehr <sehr@google.com>
Cc: Greg Hackmann <ghackmann@google.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Maged Michael <maged.michael@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: linux-api@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180129202020.8515-11-mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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With ARM64_SW_TTBR0_PAN enabled, the exception entry code checks the
active ASID to decide whether user access was enabled (non-zero ASID)
when the exception was taken. On return from exception, if user access
was previously disabled, it re-instates TTBR0_EL1 from the per-thread
saved value (updated in switch_mm() or efi_set_pgd()).
Commit 7655abb95386 ("arm64: mm: Move ASID from TTBR0 to TTBR1") makes a
TTBR0_EL1 + ASID switching non-atomic. Subsequently, commit 27a921e75711
("arm64: mm: Fix and re-enable ARM64_SW_TTBR0_PAN") changes the
__uaccess_ttbr0_disable() function and asm macro to first write the
reserved TTBR0_EL1 followed by the ASID=0 update in TTBR1_EL1. If an
exception occurs between these two, the exception return code will
re-instate a valid TTBR0_EL1. Similar scenario can happen in
cpu_switch_mm() between setting the reserved TTBR0_EL1 and the ASID
update in cpu_do_switch_mm().
This patch reverts the entry.S check for ASID == 0 to TTBR0_EL1 and
disables the interrupts around the TTBR0_EL1 and ASID switching code in
__uaccess_ttbr0_disable(). It also ensures that, when returning from the
EFI runtime services, efi_set_pgd() doesn't leave a non-zero ASID in
TTBR1_EL1 by using uaccess_ttbr0_{enable,disable}.
The accesses to current_thread_info()->ttbr0 are updated to use
READ_ONCE/WRITE_ONCE.
As a safety measure, __uaccess_ttbr0_enable() always masks out any
existing non-zero ASID TTBR1_EL1 before writing in the new ASID.
Fixes: 27a921e75711 ("arm64: mm: Fix and re-enable ARM64_SW_TTBR0_PAN")
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Reported-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Tested-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Co-developed-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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The trampoline page tables are positioned after the early page tables in
the kernel linker script.
As we are about to change the early page table logic to resolve the
swapper size at link time as opposed to compile time, the
SWAPPER_DIR_SIZE variable (currently used to locate the trampline)
will be rendered unsuitable for low level assembler.
This patch solves this issue by moving the trampoline before the PAN
page tables. The offset to the trampoline from ttbr1 can then be
expressed by: PAGE_SIZE + RESERVED_TTBR0_SIZE, which is available to the
entry assembler.
Tested-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Steve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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When CONFIG_UNMAP_KERNEL_AT_EL0 is set the SDEI entry point and the rest
of the kernel may be unmapped when we take an event. If this may be the
case, use an entry trampoline that can switch to the kernel page tables.
We can't use the provided PSTATE to determine whether to switch page
tables as we may have interrupted the kernel's entry trampoline, (or a
normal-priority event that interrupted the kernel's entry trampoline).
Instead test for a user ASID in ttbr1_el1.
Save a value in regs->addr_limit to indicate whether we need to restore
the original ASID when returning from this event. This value is only used
by do_page_fault(), which we don't call with the SDEI regs.
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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The Software Delegated Exception Interface (SDEI) is an ARM standard
for registering callbacks from the platform firmware into the OS.
This is typically used to implement RAS notifications.
Such notifications enter the kernel at the registered entry-point
with the register values of the interrupted CPU context. Because this
is not a CPU exception, it cannot reuse the existing entry code.
(crucially we don't implicitly know which exception level we interrupted),
Add the entry point to entry.S to set us up for calling into C code. If
the event interrupted code that had interrupts masked, we always return
to that location. Otherwise we pretend this was an IRQ, and use SDEI's
complete_and_resume call to return to vbar_el1 + offset.
This allows the kernel to deliver signals to user space processes. For
KVM this triggers the world switch, a quick spin round vcpu_run, then
back into the guest, unless there are pending signals.
Add sdei_mask_local_cpu() calls to the smp_send_stop() code, this covers
the panic() code-path, which doesn't invoke cpuhotplug notifiers.
Because we can interrupt entry-from/exit-to another EL, we can't trust the
value in sp_el0 or x29, even if we interrupted the kernel, in this case
the code in entry.S will save/restore sp_el0 and use the value in
__entry_task.
When we have VMAP stacks we can interrupt the stack-overflow test, which
stirs x0 into sp, meaning we have to have our own VMAP stacks. For now
these are allocated when we probe the interface. Future patches will add
refcounting hooks to allow the arch code to allocate them lazily.
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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Aliasing attacks against CPU branch predictors can allow an attacker to
redirect speculative control flow on some CPUs and potentially divulge
information from one context to another.
This patch adds initial skeleton code behind a new Kconfig option to
enable implementation-specific mitigations against these attacks for
CPUs that are affected.
Co-developed-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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We will soon need to invoke a CPU-specific function pointer after changing
page tables, so move post_ttbr_update_workaround out into C code to make
this possible.
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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Speculation attacks against the entry trampoline can potentially resteer
the speculative instruction stream through the indirect branch and into
arbitrary gadgets within the kernel.
This patch defends against these attacks by forcing a misprediction
through the return stack: a dummy BL instruction loads an entry into
the stack, so that the predicted program flow of the subsequent RET
instruction is to a branch-to-self instruction which is finally resolved
as a branch to the kernel vectors with speculation suppressed.
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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The literal pool entry for identifying the vectors base is the only piece
of information in the trampoline page that identifies the true location
of the kernel.
This patch moves it into a page-aligned region of the .rodata section
and maps this adjacent to the trampoline text via an additional fixmap
entry, which protects against any accidental leakage of the trampoline
contents.
Suggested-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Shanker Donthineni <shankerd@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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There are now a handful of open-coded masks to extract the ASID from a
TTBR value, so introduce a TTBR_ASID_MASK and use that instead.
Suggested-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Shanker Donthineni <shankerd@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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Allow explicit disabling of the entry trampoline on the kernel command
line (kpti=off) by adding a fake CPU feature (ARM64_UNMAP_KERNEL_AT_EL0)
that can be used to toggle the alternative sequences in our entry code and
avoid use of the trampoline altogether if desired. This also allows us to
make use of a static key in arm64_kernel_unmapped_at_el0().
Reviewed-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Shanker Donthineni <shankerd@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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We rely on an atomic swizzling of TTBR1 when transitioning from the entry
trampoline to the kernel proper on an exception. We can't rely on this
atomicity in the face of Falkor erratum #E1003, so on affected cores we
can issue a TLB invalidation to invalidate the walk cache prior to
jumping into the kernel. There is still the possibility of a TLB conflict
here due to conflicting walk cache entries prior to the invalidation, but
this doesn't appear to be the case on these CPUs in practice.
Reviewed-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Shanker Donthineni <shankerd@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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Hook up the entry trampoline to our exception vectors so that all
exceptions from and returns to EL0 go via the trampoline, which swizzles
the vector base register accordingly. Transitioning to and from the
kernel clobbers x30, so we use tpidrro_el0 and far_el1 as scratch
registers for native tasks.
Reviewed-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Shanker Donthineni <shankerd@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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We will need to treat exceptions from EL0 differently in kernel_ventry,
so rework the macro to take the exception level as an argument and
construct the branch target using that.
Reviewed-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Shanker Donthineni <shankerd@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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To allow unmapping of the kernel whilst running at EL0, we need to
point the exception vectors at an entry trampoline that can map/unmap
the kernel on entry/exit respectively.
This patch adds the trampoline page, although it is not yet plugged
into the vector table and is therefore unused.
Reviewed-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Shanker Donthineni <shankerd@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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With the ASID now installed in TTBR1, we can re-enable ARM64_SW_TTBR0_PAN
by ensuring that we switch to a reserved ASID of zero when disabling
user access and restore the active user ASID on the uaccess enable path.
Reviewed-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Shanker Donthineni <shankerd@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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The post_ttbr0_update_workaround hook applies to any change to TTBRx_EL1.
Since we're using TTBR1 for the ASID, rename the hook to make it clearer
as to what it's doing.
Reviewed-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Shanker Donthineni <shankerd@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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This patch enables detection of hardware SVE support via the
cpufeatures framework, and reports its presence to the kernel and
userspace via the new ARM64_SVE cpucap and HWCAP_SVE hwcap
respectively.
Userspace can also detect SVE using ID_AA64PFR0_EL1, using the
cpufeatures MRS emulation.
When running on hardware that supports SVE, this enables runtime
kernel support for SVE, and allows user tasks to execute SVE
instructions and make of the of the SVE-specific user/kernel
interface extensions implemented by this series.
Signed-off-by: Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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This patch adds the core support for switching and managing the SVE
architectural state of user tasks.
Calls to the existing FPSIMD low-level save/restore functions are
factored out as new functions task_fpsimd_{save,load}(), since SVE
now dynamically may or may not need to be handled at these points
depending on the kernel configuration, hardware features discovered
at boot, and the runtime state of the task. To make these
decisions as fast as possible, const cpucaps are used where
feasible, via the system_supports_sve() helper.
The SVE registers are only tracked for threads that have explicitly
used SVE, indicated by the new thread flag TIF_SVE. Otherwise, the
FPSIMD view of the architectural state is stored in
thread.fpsimd_state as usual.
When in use, the SVE registers are not stored directly in
thread_struct due to their potentially large and variable size.
Because the task_struct slab allocator must be configured very
early during kernel boot, it is also tricky to configure it
correctly to match the maximum vector length provided by the
hardware, since this depends on examining secondary CPUs as well as
the primary. Instead, a pointer sve_state in thread_struct points
to a dynamically allocated buffer containing the SVE register data,
and code is added to allocate and free this buffer at appropriate
times.
TIF_SVE is set when taking an SVE access trap from userspace, if
suitable hardware support has been detected. This enables SVE for
the thread: a subsequent return to userspace will disable the trap
accordingly. If such a trap is taken without sufficient system-
wide hardware support, SIGILL is sent to the thread instead as if
an undefined instruction had been executed: this may happen if
userspace tries to use SVE in a system where not all CPUs support
it for example.
The kernel will clear TIF_SVE and disable SVE for the thread
whenever an explicit syscall is made by userspace. For backwards
compatibility reasons and conformance with the spirit of the base
AArch64 procedure call standard, the subset of the SVE register
state that aliases the FPSIMD registers is still preserved across a
syscall even if this happens. The remainder of the SVE register
state logically becomes zero at syscall entry, though the actual
zeroing work is currently deferred until the thread next tries to
use SVE, causing another trap to the kernel. This implementation
is suboptimal: in the future, the fastpath case may be optimised
to zero the registers in-place and leave SVE enabled for the task,
where beneficial.
TIF_SVE is also cleared in the following slowpath cases, which are
taken as reasonable hints that the task may no longer use SVE:
* exec
* fork and clone
Code is added to sync data between thread.fpsimd_state and
thread.sve_state whenever enabling/disabling SVE, in a manner
consistent with the SVE architectural programmer's model.
Signed-off-by: Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
[will: added #include to fix allnoconfig build]
[will: use enable_daif in do_sve_acc]
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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Today SError is taken using the inv_entry macro that ends up in
bad_mode.
SError can be used by the RAS Extensions to notify either the OS or
firmware of CPU problems, some of which may have been corrected.
To allow this handling to be added, add a do_serror() C function
that just panic()s. Add the entry.S boiler plate to save/restore the
CPU registers and unmask debug exceptions. Future patches may change
do_serror() to return if the SError Interrupt was notification of a
corrected error.
Signed-off-by: Xie XiuQi <xiexiuqi@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Wang Xiongfeng <wangxiongfengi2@huawei.com>
[Split out of a bigger patch, added compat path, renamed, enabled debug
exceptions]
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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Following our 'dai' order, irqs should be processed with debug and
serror exceptions unmasked.
Add a helper to unmask these two, (and fiq for good measure).
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Julien Thierry <julien.thierry@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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el0_sync also unmasks exceptions on a case-by-case basis, debug exceptions
are enabled, unless this was a debug exception. Irqs are unmasked for
some exception types but not for others.
el0_dbg should run with everything masked to prevent us taking a debug
exception from do_debug_exception. For the other cases we can unmask
everything. This changes the behaviour of fpsimd_{acc,exc} and el0_inv
which previously ran with irqs masked.
This patch removed the last user of enable_dbg_and_irq, remove it.
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Julien Thierry <julien.thierry@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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el1_sync unmasks exceptions on a case-by-case basis, debug exceptions
are unmasked, unless this was a debug exception. IRQs are unmasked
for instruction and data aborts only if the interupted context had
irqs unmasked.
Following our 'dai' order, el1_dbg should run with everything masked.
For the other cases we can inherit whatever we interrupted.
Add a macro inherit_daif to set daif based on the interrupted pstate.
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Julien Thierry <julien.thierry@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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To take RAS Exceptions as quickly as possible we need to keep SError
unmasked as much as possible. We need to mask it during kernel_exit
as taking an error from this code will overwrite the exception-registers.
Adding a naked 'disable_daif' to kernel_exit causes a performance problem
for micro-benchmarks that do no real work, (e.g. calling getpid() in a
loop). This is because the ret_to_user loop has already masked IRQs so
that the TIF_WORK_MASK thread flags can't change underneath it, adding
disable_daif is an additional self-synchronising operation.
In the future, the RAS APEI code may need to modify the TIF_WORK_MASK
flags from an SError, in which case the ret_to_user loop must mask SError
while it examines the flags.
Disable all exceptions for return to EL1. For return to EL0 get the
ret_to_user loop to leave all exceptions masked once it has done its
work, this avoids an extra pstate-write.
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Julien Thierry <julien.thierry@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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ILP32 series [1] introduces the dependency on <asm/is_compat.h> for
TASK_SIZE macro. Which in turn requires <asm/thread_info.h>, and
<asm/thread_info.h> include <asm/memory.h>, giving a circular dependency,
because TASK_SIZE is currently located in <asm/memory.h>.
In other architectures, TASK_SIZE is defined in <asm/processor.h>, and
moving TASK_SIZE there fixes the problem.
Discussion: https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/9929107/
[1] https://github.com/norov/linux/tree/ilp32-next
CC: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
CC: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Suggested-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Yury Norov <ynorov@caviumnetworks.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mark/linux into for-next/core
* 'arm64/vmap-stack' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mark/linux:
arm64: add VMAP_STACK overflow detection
arm64: add on_accessible_stack()
arm64: add basic VMAP_STACK support
arm64: use an irq stack pointer
arm64: assembler: allow adr_this_cpu to use the stack pointer
arm64: factor out entry stack manipulation
efi/arm64: add EFI_KIMG_ALIGN
arm64: move SEGMENT_ALIGN to <asm/memory.h>
arm64: clean up irq stack definitions
arm64: clean up THREAD_* definitions
arm64: factor out PAGE_* and CONT_* definitions
arm64: kernel: remove {THREAD,IRQ_STACK}_START_SP
fork: allow arch-override of VMAP stack alignment
arm64: remove __die()'s stack dump
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This patch adds stack overflow detection to arm64, usable when vmap'd stacks
are in use.
Overflow is detected in a small preamble executed for each exception entry,
which checks whether there is enough space on the current stack for the general
purpose registers to be saved. If there is not enough space, the overflow
handler is invoked on a per-cpu overflow stack. This approach preserves the
original exception information in ESR_EL1 (and where appropriate, FAR_EL1).
Task and IRQ stacks are aligned to double their size, enabling overflow to be
detected with a single bit test. For example, a 16K stack is aligned to 32K,
ensuring that bit 14 of the SP must be zero. On an overflow (or underflow),
this bit is flipped. Thus, overflow (of less than the size of the stack) can be
detected by testing whether this bit is set.
The overflow check is performed before any attempt is made to access the
stack, avoiding recursive faults (and the loss of exception information
these would entail). As logical operations cannot be performed on the SP
directly, the SP is temporarily swapped with a general purpose register
using arithmetic operations to enable the test to be performed.
This gives us a useful error message on stack overflow, as can be trigger with
the LKDTM overflow test:
[ 305.388749] lkdtm: Performing direct entry OVERFLOW
[ 305.395444] Insufficient stack space to handle exception!
[ 305.395482] ESR: 0x96000047 -- DABT (current EL)
[ 305.399890] FAR: 0xffff00000a5e7f30
[ 305.401315] Task stack: [0xffff00000a5e8000..0xffff00000a5ec000]
[ 305.403815] IRQ stack: [0xffff000008000000..0xffff000008004000]
[ 305.407035] Overflow stack: [0xffff80003efce4e0..0xffff80003efcf4e0]
[ 305.409622] CPU: 0 PID: 1219 Comm: sh Not tainted 4.13.0-rc3-00021-g9636aea #5
[ 305.412785] Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)
[ 305.415756] task: ffff80003d051c00 task.stack: ffff00000a5e8000
[ 305.419221] PC is at recursive_loop+0x10/0x48
[ 305.421637] LR is at recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[ 305.423768] pc : [<ffff00000859f330>] lr : [<ffff00000859f358>] pstate: 40000145
[ 305.428020] sp : ffff00000a5e7f50
[ 305.430469] x29: ffff00000a5e8350 x28: ffff80003d051c00
[ 305.433191] x27: ffff000008981000 x26: ffff000008f80400
[ 305.439012] x25: ffff00000a5ebeb8 x24: ffff00000a5ebeb8
[ 305.440369] x23: ffff000008f80138 x22: 0000000000000009
[ 305.442241] x21: ffff80003ce65000 x20: ffff000008f80188
[ 305.444552] x19: 0000000000000013 x18: 0000000000000006
[ 305.446032] x17: 0000ffffa2601280 x16: ffff0000081fe0b8
[ 305.448252] x15: ffff000008ff546d x14: 000000000047a4c8
[ 305.450246] x13: ffff000008ff7872 x12: 0000000005f5e0ff
[ 305.452953] x11: ffff000008ed2548 x10: 000000000005ee8d
[ 305.454824] x9 : ffff000008545380 x8 : ffff00000a5e8770
[ 305.457105] x7 : 1313131313131313 x6 : 00000000000000e1
[ 305.459285] x5 : 0000000000000000 x4 : 0000000000000000
[ 305.461781] x3 : 0000000000000000 x2 : 0000000000000400
[ 305.465119] x1 : 0000000000000013 x0 : 0000000000000012
[ 305.467724] Kernel panic - not syncing: kernel stack overflow
[ 305.470561] CPU: 0 PID: 1219 Comm: sh Not tainted 4.13.0-rc3-00021-g9636aea #5
[ 305.473325] Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)
[ 305.475070] Call trace:
[ 305.476116] [<ffff000008088ad8>] dump_backtrace+0x0/0x378
[ 305.478991] [<ffff000008088e64>] show_stack+0x14/0x20
[ 305.481237] [<ffff00000895a178>] dump_stack+0x98/0xb8
[ 305.483294] [<ffff0000080c3288>] panic+0x118/0x280
[ 305.485673] [<ffff0000080c2e9c>] nmi_panic+0x6c/0x70
[ 305.486216] [<ffff000008089710>] handle_bad_stack+0x118/0x128
[ 305.486612] Exception stack(0xffff80003efcf3a0 to 0xffff80003efcf4e0)
[ 305.487334] f3a0: 0000000000000012 0000000000000013 0000000000000400 0000000000000000
[ 305.488025] f3c0: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00000000000000e1 1313131313131313
[ 305.488908] f3e0: ffff00000a5e8770 ffff000008545380 000000000005ee8d ffff000008ed2548
[ 305.489403] f400: 0000000005f5e0ff ffff000008ff7872 000000000047a4c8 ffff000008ff546d
[ 305.489759] f420: ffff0000081fe0b8 0000ffffa2601280 0000000000000006 0000000000000013
[ 305.490256] f440: ffff000008f80188 ffff80003ce65000 0000000000000009 ffff000008f80138
[ 305.490683] f460: ffff00000a5ebeb8 ffff00000a5ebeb8 ffff000008f80400 ffff000008981000
[ 305.491051] f480: ffff80003d051c00 ffff00000a5e8350 ffff00000859f358 ffff00000a5e7f50
[ 305.491444] f4a0: ffff00000859f330 0000000040000145 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
[ 305.492008] f4c0: 0001000000000000 0000000000000000 ffff00000a5e8350 ffff00000859f330
[ 305.493063] [<ffff00000808205c>] __bad_stack+0x88/0x8c
[ 305.493396] [<ffff00000859f330>] recursive_loop+0x10/0x48
[ 305.493731] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[ 305.494088] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[ 305.494425] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[ 305.494649] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[ 305.494898] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[ 305.495205] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[ 305.495453] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[ 305.495708] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[ 305.496000] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[ 305.496302] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[ 305.496644] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[ 305.496894] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[ 305.497138] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[ 305.497325] [<ffff00000859f3dc>] lkdtm_OVERFLOW+0x14/0x20
[ 305.497506] [<ffff00000859f314>] lkdtm_do_action+0x1c/0x28
[ 305.497786] [<ffff00000859f178>] direct_entry+0xe0/0x170
[ 305.498095] [<ffff000008345568>] full_proxy_write+0x60/0xa8
[ 305.498387] [<ffff0000081fb7f4>] __vfs_write+0x1c/0x128
[ 305.498679] [<ffff0000081fcc68>] vfs_write+0xa0/0x1b0
[ 305.498926] [<ffff0000081fe0fc>] SyS_write+0x44/0xa0
[ 305.499182] Exception stack(0xffff00000a5ebec0 to 0xffff00000a5ec000)
[ 305.499429] bec0: 0000000000000001 000000001c4cf5e0 0000000000000009 000000001c4cf5e0
[ 305.499674] bee0: 574f4c465245564f 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 8000000080808080
[ 305.499904] bf00: 0000000000000040 0000000000000038 fefefeff1b4bc2ff 7f7f7f7f7f7fff7f
[ 305.500189] bf20: 0101010101010101 0000000000000000 000000000047a4c8 0000000000000038
[ 305.500712] bf40: 0000000000000000 0000ffffa2601280 0000ffffc63f6068 00000000004b5000
[ 305.501241] bf60: 0000000000000001 000000001c4cf5e0 0000000000000009 000000001c4cf5e0
[ 305.501791] bf80: 0000000000000020 0000000000000000 00000000004b5000 000000001c4cc458
[ 305.502314] bfa0: 0000000000000000 0000ffffc63f7950 000000000040a3c4 0000ffffc63f70e0
[ 305.502762] bfc0: 0000ffffa2601268 0000000080000000 0000000000000001 0000000000000040
[ 305.503207] bfe0: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
[ 305.503680] [<ffff000008082fb0>] el0_svc_naked+0x24/0x28
[ 305.504720] Kernel Offset: disabled
[ 305.505189] CPU features: 0x002082
[ 305.505473] Memory Limit: none
[ 305.506181] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: kernel stack overflow
This patch was co-authored by Ard Biesheuvel and Mark Rutland.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
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We allocate our IRQ stacks using a percpu array. This allows us to generate our
IRQ stack pointers with adr_this_cpu, but bloats the kernel Image with the boot
CPU's IRQ stack. Additionally, these are packed with other percpu variables,
and aren't guaranteed to have guard pages.
When we enable VMAP_STACK we'll want to vmap our IRQ stacks also, in order to
provide guard pages and to permit more stringent alignment requirements. Doing
so will require that we use a percpu pointer to each IRQ stack, rather than
allocating a percpu IRQ stack in the kernel image.
This patch updates our IRQ stack code to use a percpu pointer to the base of
each IRQ stack. This will allow us to change the way the stack is allocated
with minimal changes elsewhere. In some cases we may try to backtrace before
the IRQ stack pointers are initialised, so on_irq_stack() is updated to account
for this.
In testing with cyclictest, there was no measureable difference between using
adr_this_cpu (for irq_stack) and ldr_this_cpu (for irq_stack_ptr) in the IRQ
entry path.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
|
