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In arm64_relocate_new_kernel() we load some fields out of the kimage
structure after relocation has occurred. As the kimage structure isn't
allocated to be relocation-safe, it may be clobbered during relocation,
and we may load junk values out of the structure.
Due to this, kexec may fail when the kimage allocation happens to fall
within a PA range that an object will be relocated to. This has been
observed to occur for regular kexec on a QEMU TCG 'virt' machine with
2GiB of RAM, where the PA range of the new kernel image overlaps the
kimage structure.
Avoid this by ensuring we load all values from the kimage structure
prior to relocation.
I've tested this atop v5.16 and v5.18-rc6.
Fixes: 878fdbd70486 ("arm64: kexec: pass kimage as the only argument to relocation function")
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220516160735.731404-1-mark.rutland@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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Now, that we have linear map page tables configured, keep MMU enabled
to allow faster relocation of segments to final destination.
Cavium ThunderX2:
Kernel Image size: 38M Iniramfs size: 46M Total relocation size: 84M
MMU-disabled:
relocation 7.489539915s
MMU-enabled:
relocation 0.03946095s
Broadcom Stingray:
The performance data: for a moderate size kernel + initramfs: 25M the
relocation was taking 0.382s, with enabled MMU it now takes
0.019s only or x20 improvement.
The time is proportional to the size of relocation, therefore if initramfs
is larger, 100M it could take over a second.
Signed-off-by: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Tested-by: Pingfan Liu <piliu@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210930143113.1502553-13-pasha.tatashin@soleen.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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To perform the kexec relocation with the MMU enabled, we need a copy
of the linear map.
Create one, and install it from the relocation code. This has to be done
from the assembly code as it will be idmapped with TTBR0. The kernel
runs in TTRB1, so can't use the break-before-make sequence on the mapping
it is executing from.
The makes no difference yet as the relocation code runs with the MMU
disabled.
Suggested-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210930143113.1502553-12-pasha.tatashin@soleen.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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Currently, relocation code declares start and end variables
which are used to compute its size.
The better way to do this is to use ld script, and put relocation
function in its own section.
Signed-off-by: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210930143113.1502553-11-pasha.tatashin@soleen.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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Since we are going to keep MMU enabled during relocation, we need to
keep EL1 mode throughout the relocation.
Keep EL1 enabled, and switch EL2 only before entering the new world.
Suggested-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210930143113.1502553-10-pasha.tatashin@soleen.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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Currently, kexec relocation function (arm64_relocate_new_kernel) accepts
the following arguments:
head: start of array that contains relocation information.
entry: entry point for new kernel or purgatory.
dtb_mem: first and only argument to entry.
The number of arguments cannot be easily expended, because this
function is also called from HVC_SOFT_RESTART, which preserves only
three arguments. And, also arm64_relocate_new_kernel is written in
assembly but called without stack, thus no place to move extra arguments
to free registers.
Soon, we will need to pass more arguments: once we enable MMU we
will need to pass information about page tables.
Pass kimage to arm64_relocate_new_kernel, and teach it to get the
required fields from kimage.
Signed-off-by: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210930143113.1502553-8-pasha.tatashin@soleen.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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kexec does dcache maintenance when it re-writes all memory. Our
dcache_by_line_op macro depends on reading the sanitized DminLine
from memory. Kexec may have overwritten this, so open-codes the
sequence.
dcache_by_line_op is a whole set of macros, it uses dcache_line_size
which uses read_ctr for the sanitsed DminLine. Reading the DminLine
is the first thing the dcache_by_line_op does.
Rename dcache_by_line_op dcache_by_myline_op and take DminLine as
an argument. Kexec can now use the slightly smaller macro.
This makes up-coming changes to the dcache maintenance easier on
the eye.
Code generated by the existing callers is unchanged.
Suggested-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210930143113.1502553-7-pasha.tatashin@soleen.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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In case of kdump or when segments are already in place the relocation
is not needed, therefore the setup of relocation function and call to
it can be skipped.
Signed-off-by: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Suggested-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210930143113.1502553-6-pasha.tatashin@soleen.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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x0 will contain the only argument to arm64_relocate_new_kernel; don't
use it as a temp. Reassigned registers to free-up x0 so we won't need
to copy argument, and can use it at the beginning and at the end of the
function.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Reviewed-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210125191923.1060122-13-pasha.tatashin@soleen.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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In preparation to bigger changes to arm64_relocate_new_kernel that would
enable this function to do MMU backed memory copy, do few clean-ups and
optimizations. These include:
1. Call raw_dcache_line_size() only when relocation is actually going to
happen. i.e. kdump type kexec, does not need it.
2. copy_page(dest, src, tmps...) increments dest and src by PAGE_SIZE, so
no need to store dest prior to calling copy_page and increment it
after. Also, src is not used after a copy, not need to copy either.
3. For consistency use comment on the same line with instruction when it
describes the instruction itself.
4. Some comment corrections
Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210125191923.1060122-12-pasha.tatashin@soleen.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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Kernel startup entry point requires disabling MMU and D-cache.
As for kexec-reboot, taking a close look at "msr sctlr_el1, x12" in
__cpu_soft_restart as the following:
-1. booted at EL1
The instruction is enough to disable MMU and I/D cache for
EL1 regime.
-2. booted at EL2, using VHE
Access to SCTLR_EL1 is redirected to SCTLR_EL2 in EL2. So the instruction
is enough to disable MMU and clear I+C bits for EL2 regime.
-3. booted at EL2, not using VHE
The instruction itself can not affect EL2 regime. But The hyp-stub doesn't
enable the MMU and I/D cache for EL2 regime. And KVM also disable them for EL2
regime when its unloaded, or execute a HVC_SOFT_RESTART call. So when
kexec-reboot, the code in KVM has prepare the requirement.
As a conclusion, disabling MMU and clearing I+C bits in
SYM_CODE_START(arm64_relocate_new_kernel) is redundant, and can be removed
Signed-off-by: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Geoff Levand <geoff@infradead.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Cc: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Remi Denis-Courmont <remi.denis.courmont@huawei.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Cc: kvmarm@lists.cs.columbia.edu
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1598621998-20563-1-git-send-email-kernelfans@gmail.com
To: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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In an effort to clarify and simplify the annotation of assembly functions
in the kernel new macros have been introduced. These replace ENTRY and
ENDPROC and also add a new annotation for static functions which previously
had no ENTRY equivalent. Update the annotations in the core kernel code to
the new macros.
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200501115430.37315-3-broonie@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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In practice, this requires only 2 instructions, or even only 1 for
the idmap_pg_dir size (with 4 or 64 KiB pages). Only the MAIR values
needed more than 2 instructions and it was already converted to mov_q
by 95b3f74bec203804658e17f86fe20755bb8abcb9.
Signed-off-by: Remi Denis-Courmont <remi.denis.courmont@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
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Based on 2 normalized pattern(s):
this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify
it under the terms of the gnu general public license version 2 as
published by the free software foundation
this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify
it under the terms of the gnu general public license version 2 as
published by the free software foundation #
extracted by the scancode license scanner the SPDX license identifier
GPL-2.0-only
has been chosen to replace the boilerplate/reference in 4122 file(s).
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Enrico Weigelt <info@metux.net>
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Allison Randal <allison@lohutok.net>
Cc: linux-spdx@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190604081206.933168790@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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On arm64, purgatory would do almost nothing. So just invoke secondary
kernel directly by jumping into its entry code.
While, in this case, cpu_soft_restart() must be called with dtb address
in the fifth argument, the behavior still stays compatible with kexec_load
case as long as the argument is null.
Signed-off-by: AKASHI Takahiro <takahiro.akashi@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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The ARM architecture defines the memory locations that are permitted
to be accessed as the result of a speculative instruction fetch from
an exception level for which all stages of translation are disabled.
Specifically, the core is permitted to speculatively fetch from the
4KB region containing the current program counter 4K and next 4K.
When translation is changed from enabled to disabled for the running
exception level (SCTLR_ELn[M] changed from a value of 1 to 0), the
Falkor core may errantly speculatively access memory locations outside
of the 4KB region permitted by the architecture. The errant memory
access may lead to one of the following unexpected behaviors.
1) A System Error Interrupt (SEI) being raised by the Falkor core due
to the errant memory access attempting to access a region of memory
that is protected by a slave-side memory protection unit.
2) Unpredictable device behavior due to a speculative read from device
memory. This behavior may only occur if the instruction cache is
disabled prior to or coincident with translation being changed from
enabled to disabled.
The conditions leading to this erratum will not occur when either of the
following occur:
1) A higher exception level disables translation of a lower exception level
(e.g. EL2 changing SCTLR_EL1[M] from a value of 1 to 0).
2) An exception level disabling its stage-1 translation if its stage-2
translation is enabled (e.g. EL1 changing SCTLR_EL1[M] from a value of 1
to 0 when HCR_EL2[VM] has a value of 1).
To avoid the errant behavior, software must execute an ISB immediately
prior to executing the MSR that will change SCTLR_ELn[M] from 1 to 0.
Signed-off-by: Shanker Donthineni <shankerd@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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On systems with mismatched i/d cache min line sizes, we need to use
the smallest size possible across all CPUs. This will be done by fetching
the system wide safe value from CPU feature infrastructure.
However the some special users(e.g kexec, hibernate) would need the line
size on the CPU (rather than the system wide), when either the system
wide feature may not be accessible or it is guranteed that the caller
executes with a gurantee of no migration.
Provide another helper which will fetch cache line size on the current CPU.
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Geoff Levand <geoff@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
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Add three new files, kexec.h, machine_kexec.c and relocate_kernel.S to the
arm64 architecture that add support for the kexec re-boot mechanism
(CONFIG_KEXEC) on arm64 platforms.
Signed-off-by: Geoff Levand <geoff@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
[catalin.marinas@arm.com: removed dead code following James Morse's comments]
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
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