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The nds32 architecture, also known as AndeStar V3, is a custom 32-bit
RISC target designed by Andes Technologies. Support was added to the
kernel in 2016 as the replacement RISC-V based V5 processors were
already announced, and maintained by (current or former) Andes
employees.
As explained by Alan Kao, new customers are now all using RISC-V,
and all known nds32 users are already on longterm stable kernels
provided by Andes, with no development work going into mainline
support any more.
While the port is still in a reasonably good shape, it only gets
worse over time without active maintainers, so it seems best
to remove it before it becomes unusable. As always, if it turns
out that there are mainline users after all, and they volunteer
to maintain the port in the future, the removal can be reverted.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/YhdWNLUhk+x9RAzU@yamatobi.andestech.com/
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20220302065213.82702-1-alankao@andestech.com/
Link: https://www.andestech.com/en/products-solutions/andestar-architecture/
Signed-off-by: Alan Kao <alankao@andestech.com>
[arnd: rewrite changelog to provide more background]
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
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The previous commit fixed up all shell scripts to not include
include/config/auto.conf.
Now that include/config/auto.conf is only included by Makefiles,
we can change it into a more Make-friendly form.
Previously, Kconfig output string values enclosed with double-quotes
(both in the .config and include/config/auto.conf):
CONFIG_X="foo bar"
Unlike shell, Make handles double-quotes (and single-quotes as well)
verbatim. We must rip them off when used.
There are some patterns:
[1] $(patsubst "%",%,$(CONFIG_X))
[2] $(CONFIG_X:"%"=%)
[3] $(subst ",,$(CONFIG_X))
[4] $(shell echo $(CONFIG_X))
These are not only ugly, but also fragile.
[1] and [2] do not work if the value contains spaces, like
CONFIG_X=" foo bar "
[3] does not work correctly if the value contains double-quotes like
CONFIG_X="foo\"bar"
[4] seems to work better, but has a cost of forking a process.
Anyway, quoted strings were always PITA for our Makefiles.
This commit changes Kconfig to stop quoting in include/config/auto.conf.
These are the string type symbols referenced in Makefiles or scripts:
ACPI_CUSTOM_DSDT_FILE
ARC_BUILTIN_DTB_NAME
ARC_TUNE_MCPU
BUILTIN_DTB_SOURCE
CC_IMPLICIT_FALLTHROUGH
CC_VERSION_TEXT
CFG80211_EXTRA_REGDB_KEYDIR
EXTRA_FIRMWARE
EXTRA_FIRMWARE_DIR
EXTRA_TARGETS
H8300_BUILTIN_DTB
INITRAMFS_SOURCE
LOCALVERSION
MODULE_SIG_HASH
MODULE_SIG_KEY
NDS32_BUILTIN_DTB
NIOS2_DTB_SOURCE
OPENRISC_BUILTIN_DTB
SOC_CANAAN_K210_DTB_SOURCE
SYSTEM_BLACKLIST_HASH_LIST
SYSTEM_REVOCATION_KEYS
SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYS
TARGET_CPU
UNUSED_KSYMS_WHITELIST
XILINX_MICROBLAZE0_FAMILY
XILINX_MICROBLAZE0_HW_VER
XTENSA_VARIANT_NAME
I checked them one by one, and fixed up the code where necessary.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
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Ignore arch/nds32/boot/Image.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
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These patterns are cleaned-up by the top-level Makefile
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com>
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Add SPDX license identifiers to all Make/Kconfig files which:
- Have no license information of any form
These files fall under the project license, GPL v2 only. The resulting SPDX
license identifier is:
GPL-2.0-only
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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This is the commit that porting the perf for nds32.
1.Raw event:
The raw events start with 'r'.
Usage:
perf stat -e rXYZ ./app
X: the index of performance counter.
YZ: the index(convert to hexdecimal) of events
Example:
'perf stat -e r101 ./app' means the counter 1 will count the instruction
event.
The index of counter and events can be found in
"Andes System Privilege Architecture Version 3 Manual".
Or you can perform the 'perf list' to find the symbolic name of raw events.
2.Perf mmap2:
Fix unexpected perf mmap2() page fault
When the mmap2() called by perf application,
you will encounter such condition:"failed to write."
With return value -EFAULT
This is due to the page fault caused by "reading" buffer
from the mapped legal address region to write to the descriptor.
The page_fault handler will get a VM_FAULT_SIGBUS return value,
which should not happens here.(Due to this is a read request.)
You can refer to kernel/events/core.c:perf_mmap_fault(...)
If "(vmf->pgoff && (vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_WRITE))" is evaluated
as true, you will get VM_FAULT_SIGBUS as return value.
However, this is not an write request. The flags which indicated
why the page fault happens is wrong.
Furthermore, NDS32 SPAv3 is not able to detect it is read or write.
It only know either it is instruction fetch or data access.
Therefore, by removing the wrong flag assignment(actually, the hardware
is not able to show the reason), we can fix this bug.
3.Perf multiple events map to same counter.
When there are multiple events map to the same counter, the counter
counts inaccurately. This is because each counter only counts one event
in the same time.
So when there are multiple events map to same counter, they have to take
turns in each context.
There are two solution:
1. Print the error message when multiple events map to the same counter.
But print the error message would let the program hang in loop. The ltp
(linux test program) would be failed when the program hang in loop.
2. Don't print the error message, the ltp would pass. But the user need to
have the knowledge that don't count the events which map to the same
counter, or the user will get the inaccurate results.
We choose method 2 for the solution
Signed-off-by: Nickhu <nickhu@andestech.com>
Acked-by: Greentime Hu <greentime@andestech.com>
Signed-off-by: Greentime Hu <greentime@andestech.com>
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This patch adds Makefile, Kconfig and vmlinux.lds.S files required for building
an nds32 kernel.
Signed-off-by: Vincent Chen <vincentc@andestech.com>
Signed-off-by: Greentime Hu <greentime@andestech.com>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
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This patch adds support for device tree.
Signed-off-by: Vincent Chen <vincentc@andestech.com>
Signed-off-by: Greentime Hu <greentime@andestech.com>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
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