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2017-11-02License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no licenseGreg Kroah-Hartman
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-04-29libfdt: add fdt type definitionsRob Herring
In preparation for libfdt/dtc update, add the new fdt specific types. Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org> Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
2015-03-16powerpc/boot/fdt: Add little-endian support to libfdt wrappersJeremy Kerr
For epapr-style boot, we may be little-endian. This change implements the proper conversion for fdt*_to_cpu and cpu_to_fdt*. We also need the full cpu_to_* and *_to_cpu macros for this. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Kerr <jk@ozlabs.org> Acked-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
2014-04-28powerpc/boot: Define byteswapping routines for little endianCédric Le Goater
These are not the most efficient versions of swab but the wrapper does not do much byte swapping. On a big endian cpu, these routines are a no-op. Signed-off-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@fr.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2014-04-28powerpc/boot: Define typedef ihandle as u32Cédric Le Goater
This makes ihandle 64bit friendly. Signed-off-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@fr.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2014-04-28powerpc/boot: Rework of_claim() to make it 64bit friendlyCédric Le Goater
This patch fixes 64bit compile warnings and updates the wrapper code to converge the kernel code in prom_init. Signed-off-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@fr.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2014-04-28powerpc/boot: Add PROM_ERROR define in oflibCédric Le Goater
This is mostly useful to make to the boot wrapper code closer with the kernel code in prom_init. Signed-off-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@fr.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2014-04-28powerpc/boot: Add byteswapping routines in oflibCédric Le Goater
Values will need to be byte-swapped when calling prom (big endian) from a little endian boot wrapper. Signed-off-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@fr.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2014-04-28powerpc/boot: Use a common prom_args struct in oflibCédric Le Goater
This patch fixes warnings when the wrapper is compiled in 64bit and updates the boot wrapper code related to prom to converge with the kernel code in prom_init. This should make the review of changes easier. The kernel has a different number of possible arguments (10) when entering prom. There does not seem to be any good reason to have 12 in the wrapper, so the patch changes this value to args[10] in the prom_args struct. Signed-off-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@fr.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2007-06-28[POWERPC] Make more OF-related bootwrapper functions available to non-OF ↵David Gibson
platforms Commit 2e6016133755eb3cc44e8efab92573d23ed75888 split up arch/powerpc/boot/of.c so that some OF functions can be used on platforms that don't want to use the overall OF platform boot code. This is useful on things like PReP which can have an OF implementation which is useful for debugging output, but inadequate for booting. However, that commit didn't export quite enough things to make a usable OF console on a non-OF system. In particular, the device tree manipulation performed to initialize the OF console code must explicitly use the OF device tree, rather than the flattened device tree, even if the system is otherwise booting using a flattened device tree. This makes it so. Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au> Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2007-06-14[POWERPC] Split low-level OF-related bootloader code into separate filesDavid Gibson
Currently, all OF-related code in the bootloader is contained in of.c. of.c also provides the platform specific things necessary to boot on an OF platform. However, there are platforms (such as PReP) which can include an OF implementation, but are not bootable as pure OF systems. For use by such platforms, this patch splits out the low-level parts of the OF code (call_prom() and various wrappers thereof) into a new oflib.c file. In addition, the code related to bootwrapper console output via OF are moved to a new ofconsole.c file. Both these files are included in the wrapper.a library where they can be used by both full-OF and partial OF platforms. Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au> Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>