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Currently, there is no standard implementation for vdso_install,
leading to various issues:
1. Code duplication
Many architectures duplicate similar code just for copying files
to the install destination.
Some architectures (arm, sparc, x86) create build-id symlinks,
introducing more code duplication.
2. Unintended updates of in-tree build artifacts
The vdso_install rule depends on the vdso files to install.
It may update in-tree build artifacts. This can be problematic,
as explained in commit 19514fc665ff ("arm, kbuild: make
"make install" not depend on vmlinux").
3. Broken code in some architectures
Makefile code is often copied from one architecture to another
without proper adaptation.
'make vdso_install' for parisc does not work.
'make vdso_install' for s390 installs vdso64, but not vdso32.
To address these problems, this commit introduces a generic vdso_install
rule.
Architectures that support vdso_install need to define vdso-install-y
in arch/*/Makefile. vdso-install-y lists the files to install.
For example, arch/x86/Makefile looks like this:
vdso-install-$(CONFIG_X86_64) += arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdso64.so.dbg
vdso-install-$(CONFIG_X86_X32_ABI) += arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdsox32.so.dbg
vdso-install-$(CONFIG_X86_32) += arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdso32.so.dbg
vdso-install-$(CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION) += arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdso32.so.dbg
These files will be installed to $(MODLIB)/vdso/ with the .dbg suffix,
if exists, stripped away.
vdso-install-y can optionally take the second field after the colon
separator. This is needed because some architectures install a vdso
file as a different base name.
The following is a snippet from arch/arm64/Makefile.
vdso-install-$(CONFIG_COMPAT_VDSO) += arch/arm64/kernel/vdso32/vdso.so.dbg:vdso32.so
This will rename vdso.so.dbg to vdso32.so during installation. If such
architectures change their implementation so that the base names match,
this workaround will go away.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> # s390
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <nicolas@fjasle.eu>
Reviewed-by: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> # parisc
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: Russell King (Oracle) <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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cmd_vdso_check checks if there are any dynamic relocations in
vdso64.so.dbg. When kernel is compiled with
-mno-pic-data-is-text-relative, R_390_RELATIVE relocs are generated and
this results in kernel build error.
kpatch uses -mno-pic-data-is-text-relative option when building the
kernel to prevent relative addressing between code and data. The flag
avoids relocation error when klp text and data are too far apart
kpatch does not patch vdso code and hence the
mno-pic-data-is-text-relative flag is not essential.
Signed-off-by: Sumanth Korikkar <sumanthk@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Ilya Leoshkevich <iii@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
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When adding an undefined symbol the build still succeeds, but
userspace is crashing trying to execute vdso because the
undefined symbol is not resolved. Add the check for undefined
symbols to prevent this.
Signed-off-by: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
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The actual intention is that no dynamic relocation exists in the VDSO. For
this the VDSO build validates that the resulting .so file does not have any
relocations which are specified via $(ARCH_REL_TYPE_ABS) per architecture,
which is fragile as e.g. ARM64 lacks an entry for R_AARCH64_RELATIVE. Aside
of that ARCH_REL_TYPE_ABS is a misnomer as it checks for relative
relocations too.
However, some GNU ld ports produce unneeded R_*_NONE relocation entries. If
a port fails to determine the exact .rel[a].dyn size, the trailing zeros
become R_*_NONE relocations. E.g. ld's powerpc port recently fixed
https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=29540). R_*_NONE are
generally a no-op in the dynamic loaders. So just ignore them.
Remove the ARCH_REL_TYPE_ABS defines and just validate that the resulting
.so file does not contain any R_* relocation entries except R_*_NONE.
Signed-off-by: Fangrui Song <maskray@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@arm.com> # for aarch64
Reviewed-by: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Reviewed-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@arm.com> # for vDSO, aarch64
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> (powerpc)
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230310190750.3323802-1-maskray@google.com
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The -nostdlib option requests the compiler to not use the standard
system startup files or libraries when linking. It is effective only
when $(CC) is used as a linker driver.
Since commit 2b2a25845d53 ("s390/vdso: Use $(LD) instead of $(CC) to
link vDSO"), $(LD) is directly used, hence -nostdlib is unneeded.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20211107162111.323701-1-masahiroy@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
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s390x GCC and SystemZ Clang have ThreadSanitizer support now [1] [2],
so enable KCSAN for s390.
[1] https://gcc.gnu.org/git/?p=gcc.git;a=commit;h=ea22954e7c58
[2] https://reviews.llvm.org/D105629
Signed-off-by: Ilya Leoshkevich <iii@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
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This fixes a permanent rebuild of the 32 bit vdso. The RPM build process
was first calling 'make bzImage' and 'make modules' as a second step.
This caused a recompilation of vdso32.so, which in turn also changed
the build-id of vmlinux.
Fixes: 779df2248739 ("s390/vdso: add minimal compat vdso")
Signed-off-by: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
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Add a small vdso for 31 bit compat application that provides
trampolines for calls to sigreturn,rt_sigreturn,syscall_restart.
This is requird for moving these syscalls away from the signal
frame to the vdso. Note that this patch effectively disables
CONFIG_COMPAT when using clang to compile the kernel. clang
doesn't support 31 bit mode.
We want to redirect sigreturn and restart_syscall to the vdso. However,
the kernel cannot parse the ELF vdso file, so we need to generate header
files which contain the offsets of the syscall instructions in the vdso
page.
Signed-off-by: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
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Remove compat vdso code, since there is hardly any compat user space
left. Still existing compat user space will have to use system calls
instead.
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
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Towards the goal of removing cc-ldoption, it seems that --hash-style=
was added to binutils 2.17.50.0.2 in 2006. The minimal required version
of binutils for the kernel according to
Documentation/process/changes.rst is 2.20.
Link: https://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc/2007-01/msg01141.html
Cc: clang-built-linux@googlegroups.com
Suggested-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Signed-off-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
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According to Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt all build targets using
if_changed should use FORCE as well. Add missing FORCE to make sure
vdso targets are rebuild properly when not just immediate prerequisites
have changed but also when build command differs.
Reviewed-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
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vdso is mapped into user space processes, which won't have kasan
shodow mapped.
Reviewed-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
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Using perf probe and libdw on kernel modules failed to find CFI
data for symbols. The CFI data is stored in the .eh_frame section.
The elfutils libdw is not able to extract the CFI data correctly,
because the .eh_frame section requires "non-simple" relocations
for kernel modules.
The suggestion is to avoid these "non-simple" relocations by emitting
the CFI data in the .debug_frame section. Let gcc emit respective
directives by specifying the -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables option.
Using the .debug_frame section for CFI data, the .eh_frame section
becomes unused and, thus, discard it for kernel and modules builds
The vDSO requires the .eh_frame section and, hence, emit the CFI data
in both, the .eh_frame and .debug_frame sections.
See also discussion on elfutils/libdw bugzilla:
https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=22452
Suggested-by: Mark Wielaard <mark@klomp.org>
Signed-off-by: Hendrik Brueckner <brueckner@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
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Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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This enables UBSAN for s390. We have to disable the null sanitizer
as s390 code does access memory via a null pointer (the prefix page).
Signed-off-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
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Now that hopefully all inline assemblies have been converted to single
basic blocks we can enable kcov on s390.
Note that this patch does not disable as many files on s390 like the
x86 variant does. Right now I didn't see a reason to do that, however
additional files or directories can be excluded at any time.
The runtime overhead seems to be quite high.
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
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Add the CPU number to the per-cpu vdso data page and add the
__kernel_getcpu function to the vdso object to retrieve the
CPU number in user space.
Suggested-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
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As proposed by Andy Lutomirski create the SysV and the GNU hash
for the vdso objects. This may make some dynamic loaders a bit
faster.
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
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The concepts of VDSO and gcov-based profiling don't mix: the former
includes kernel-provided code running in userspace, the latter adds
instructions that modify counters in kernel data segments. On s390
this has not been a problem so far due to VDSO code being written in
all-assembler which is exempt from gcov-based profiling. This could
change in the future, so disable profiling excplicitly for VDSO code.
Signed-off-by: Peter Oberparleiter <peter.oberparleiter@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
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ld-option is misnamed as it test options to gcc, not to ld.
Renamed it to reflect this.
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
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Add a vdso to speed up gettimeofday and clock_getres/clock_gettime for
CLOCK_REALTIME/CLOCK_MONOTONIC.
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
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