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Most callers users of free_hot_cold_page claim the pages being released
are cache hot. The exception is the page reclaim paths where it is
likely that enough pages will be freed in the near future that the
per-cpu lists are going to be recycled and the cache hotness information
is lost. As no one really cares about the hotness of pages being
released to the allocator, just ditch the parameter.
The APIs are renamed to indicate that it's no longer about hot/cold
pages. It should also be less confusing as there are subtle differences
between them. __free_pages drops a reference and frees a page when the
refcount reaches zero. free_hot_cold_page handled pages whose refcount
was already zero which is non-obvious from the name. free_unref_page
should be more obvious.
No performance impact is expected as the overhead is marginal. The
parameter is removed simply because it is a bit stupid to have a useless
parameter copied everywhere.
[mgorman@techsingularity.net: add pages to head, not tail]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171019154321.qtpzaeftoyyw4iey@techsingularity.net
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171018075952.10627-8-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Remove duplicating code by using common functions vmemmap_pud_populate
and vmemmap_pgd_populate.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171013173214.27300-5-pasha.tatashin@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Steven Sistare <steven.sistare@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Jordan <daniel.m.jordan@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Bob Picco <bob.picco@oracle.com>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Without deferred struct page feature (CONFIG_DEFERRED_STRUCT_PAGE_INIT),
flags and other fields in "struct page"es are never changed prior to
first initializing struct pages by going through __init_single_page().
With deferred struct page feature enabled there is a case where we set
some fields prior to initializing:
mem_init() {
register_page_bootmem_info();
free_all_bootmem();
...
}
When register_page_bootmem_info() is called only non-deferred struct
pages are initialized. But, this function goes through some reserved
pages which might be part of the deferred, and thus are not yet
initialized.
mem_init
register_page_bootmem_info
register_page_bootmem_info_node
get_page_bootmem
.. setting fields here ..
such as: page->freelist = (void *)type;
free_all_bootmem()
free_low_memory_core_early()
for_each_reserved_mem_region()
reserve_bootmem_region()
init_reserved_page() <- Only if this is deferred reserved page
__init_single_pfn()
__init_single_page()
memset(0) <-- Loose the set fields here
We end up with similar issue as in the previous patch, where currently
we do not observe problem as memory is zeroed. But, if flag asserts are
changed we can start hitting issues.
Also, because in this patch series we will stop zeroing struct page
memory during allocation, we must make sure that struct pages are
properly initialized prior to using them.
The deferred-reserved pages are initialized in free_all_bootmem().
Therefore, the fix is to switch the above calls.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171013173214.27300-4-pasha.tatashin@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Steven Sistare <steven.sistare@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Jordan <daniel.m.jordan@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Bob Picco <bob.picco@oracle.com>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Convert all allocations that used a NOTRACK flag to stop using it.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171007030159.22241-3-alexander.levin@verizon.com
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@verizon.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Tim Hansen <devtimhansen@gmail.com>
Cc: Vegard Nossum <vegardno@ifi.uio.no>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Let's add wrappers for ->nr_ptes with the same interface as for nr_pmd
and nr_pud.
The patch also makes nr_ptes accounting dependent onto CONFIG_MMU. Page
table accounting doesn't make sense if you don't have page tables.
It's preparation for consolidation of page-table counters in mm_struct.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171006100651.44742-1-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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On a machine with 5-level paging support a process can allocate
significant amount of memory and stay unnoticed by oom-killer and memory
cgroup. The trick is to allocate a lot of PUD page tables. We don't
account PUD page tables, only PMD and PTE.
We already addressed the same issue for PMD page tables, see commit
dc6c9a35b66b ("mm: account pmd page tables to the process").
Introduction of 5-level paging brings the same issue for PUD page
tables.
The patch expands accounting to PUD level.
[kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com: s/pmd_t/pud_t/]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171004074305.x35eh5u7ybbt5kar@black.fi.intel.com
[heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com: s390/mm: fix pud table accounting]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171103090551.18231-1-heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171002080427.3320-1-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Flatten out nested code structure in huge_pte_offset()
and huge_pte_alloc().
Signed-off-by: Nitin Gupta <nitin.m.gupta@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Adds support for 16GB hugepage size. To use this page size
use kernel parameters as:
default_hugepagesz=16G hugepagesz=16G hugepages=10
Testing:
Tested with the stream benchmark which allocates 48G of
arrays backed by 16G hugepages and does RW operation on
them in parallel.
Orabug: 25362942
Cc: Anthony Yznaga <anthony.yznaga@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Bob Picco <bob.picco@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Nitin Gupta <nitin.m.gupta@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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get_user_pages() is used to do direct IO. It already
handles the case where the address range is backed
by PMD huge pages. This patch now adds the case where
the range could be backed by PUD huge pages.
Signed-off-by: Nitin Gupta <nitin.m.gupta@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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On M8 chips, use a max_phys_bits value of 51.
Also, M8 supports VA bits up to 54 bits. However, for now
restrict VA bits to 53 due to 4-level pagetable limitation.
Signed-off-by: Vijay Kumar <vijay.ac.kumar@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Bob Picco <bob.picco@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Recognize SPARC-M8 cpu type, hardware caps and cpu
distribution map.
Signed-off-by: Allen Pais <allen.pais@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David Aldridge <david.j.aldridge@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Add hstate for each supported hugepage size using
arch initcall. This change fixes some hugepage
parameter parsing inconsistencies:
case 1: no hugepage parameters
Without hugepage parameters, only a hugepages-8192kB entry is visible
in sysfs. It's different from x86_64 where both 2M and 1G hugepage
sizes are available.
case 2: default_hugepagesz=[64K|256M|2G]
When specifying only a default_hugepagesz parameter, the default
hugepage size isn't really changed and it stays at 8M. This is again
different from x86_64.
Orabug: 25869946
Reviewed-by: Bob Picco <bob.picco@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Nitin Gupta <nitin.m.gupta@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Pull sparc fixes from David Miller:
- Fix symbol version generation for assembler on sparc, from
Nagarathnam Muthusamy.
- Fix compound page handling in gup_huge_pmd(), from Nitin Gupta.
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/sparc:
sparc64: Fix gup_huge_pmd
Adding the type of exported symbols
sed regex in Makefile.build requires line break between exported symbols
Adding asm-prototypes.h for genksyms to generate crc
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[thomas@m3y3r.de: v3: fix arch specific implementations]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1497890858.12931.7.camel@m3y3r.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Meyer <thomas@m3y3r.de>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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A poisoned or migrated hugepage is stored as a swap entry in the page
tables. On architectures that support hugepages consisting of
contiguous page table entries (such as on arm64) this leads to ambiguity
in determining the page table entry to return in huge_pte_offset() when
a poisoned entry is encountered.
Let's remove the ambiguity by adding a size parameter to convey
additional information about the requested address. Also fixup the
definition/usage of huge_pte_offset() throughout the tree.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170522133604.11392-4-punit.agrawal@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Punit Agrawal <punit.agrawal@arm.com>
Acked-by: Steve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com> (odd fixer:METAG ARCHITECTURE)
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> (supporter:MIPS)
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The function assumes that each PMD points to head of a
huge page. This is not correct as a PMD can point to
start of any 8M region with a, say 256M, hugepage. The
fix ensures that it points to the correct head of any PMD
huge page.
Cc: Julian Calaby <julian.calaby@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Nitin Gupta <nitin.m.gupta@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Stack guard page is a useful feature to reduce a risk of stack smashing
into a different mapping. We have been using a single page gap which
is sufficient to prevent having stack adjacent to a different mapping.
But this seems to be insufficient in the light of the stack usage in
userspace. E.g. glibc uses as large as 64kB alloca() in many commonly
used functions. Others use constructs liks gid_t buffer[NGROUPS_MAX]
which is 256kB or stack strings with MAX_ARG_STRLEN.
This will become especially dangerous for suid binaries and the default
no limit for the stack size limit because those applications can be
tricked to consume a large portion of the stack and a single glibc call
could jump over the guard page. These attacks are not theoretical,
unfortunatelly.
Make those attacks less probable by increasing the stack guard gap
to 1MB (on systems with 4k pages; but make it depend on the page size
because systems with larger base pages might cap stack allocations in
the PAGE_SIZE units) which should cover larger alloca() and VLA stack
allocations. It is obviously not a full fix because the problem is
somehow inherent, but it should reduce attack space a lot.
One could argue that the gap size should be configurable from userspace,
but that can be done later when somebody finds that the new 1MB is wrong
for some special case applications. For now, add a kernel command line
option (stack_guard_gap) to specify the stack gap size (in page units).
Implementation wise, first delete all the old code for stack guard page:
because although we could get away with accounting one extra page in a
stack vma, accounting a larger gap can break userspace - case in point,
a program run with "ulimit -S -v 20000" failed when the 1MB gap was
counted for RLIMIT_AS; similar problems could come with RLIMIT_MLOCK
and strict non-overcommit mode.
Instead of keeping gap inside the stack vma, maintain the stack guard
gap as a gap between vmas: using vm_start_gap() in place of vm_start
(or vm_end_gap() in place of vm_end if VM_GROWSUP) in just those few
places which need to respect the gap - mainly arch_get_unmapped_area(),
and and the vma tree's subtree_gap support for that.
Original-patch-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Original-patch-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Tested-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> # parisc
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The old method that is using xcall and softint to get new context id is
deleted, as it is replaced by a method of using per_cpu_secondary_mm
without xcall to perform the context wrap.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Bob Picco <bob.picco@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Steven Sistare <steven.sistare@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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The current wrap implementation has a race issue: it is called outside of
the ctx_alloc_lock, and also does not wait for all CPUs to complete the
wrap. This means that a thread can get a new context with a new version
and another thread might still be running with the same context. The
problem is especially severe on CPUs with shared TLBs, like sun4v. I used
the following test to very quickly reproduce the problem:
- start over 8K processes (must be more than context IDs)
- write and read values at a memory location in every process.
Very quickly memory corruptions start happening, and what we read back
does not equal what we wrote.
Several approaches were explored before settling on this one:
Approach 1:
Move smp_new_mmu_context_version() inside ctx_alloc_lock, and wait for
every process to complete the wrap. (Note: every CPU must WAIT before
leaving smp_new_mmu_context_version_client() until every one arrives).
This approach ends up with deadlocks, as some threads own locks which other
threads are waiting for, and they never receive softint until these threads
exit smp_new_mmu_context_version_client(). Since we do not allow the exit,
deadlock happens.
Approach 2:
Handle wrap right during mondo interrupt. Use etrap/rtrap to enter into
into C code, and issue new versions to every CPU.
This approach adds some overhead to runtime: in switch_mm() we must add
some checks to make sure that versions have not changed due to wrap while
we were loading the new secondary context. (could be protected by PSTATE_IE
but that degrades performance as on M7 and older CPUs as it takes 50 cycles
for each access). Also, we still need a global per-cpu array of MMs to know
where we need to load new contexts, otherwise we can change context to a
thread that is going way (if we received mondo between switch_mm() and
switch_to() time). Finally, there are some issues with window registers in
rtrap() when context IDs are changed during CPU mondo time.
The approach in this patch is the simplest and has almost no impact on
runtime. We use the array with mm's where last secondary contexts were
loaded onto CPUs and bump their versions to the new generation without
changing context IDs. If a new process comes in to get a context ID, it
will go through get_new_mmu_context() because of version mismatch. But the
running processes do not need to be interrupted. And wrap is quicker as we
do not need to xcall and wait for everyone to receive and complete wrap.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Bob Picco <bob.picco@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Steven Sistare <steven.sistare@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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The new wrap is going to use information from this array to figure out
mm's that currently have valid secondary contexts setup.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Bob Picco <bob.picco@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Steven Sistare <steven.sistare@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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CTX_FIRST_VERSION defines the first context version, but also it defines
first context. This patch redefines it to only include the first context
version.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Bob Picco <bob.picco@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Steven Sistare <steven.sistare@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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After a wrap (getting a new context version) a process must get a new
context id, which means that we would need to flush the context id from
the TLB before running for the first time with this ID on every CPU. But,
we use mm_cpumask to determine if this process has been running on this CPU
before, and this mask is not reset after a wrap. So, there are two possible
fixes for this issue:
1. Clear mm cpumask whenever mm gets a new context id
2. Unconditionally flush context every time process is running on a CPU
This patch implements the first solution
Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Bob Picco <bob.picco@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Steven Sistare <steven.sistare@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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hugetlb_bad_size needs to be called on invalid values. Also change the
pr_warn to a pr_err to better align with other platforms.
Signed-off-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@Oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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When a TSB grows beyond its current capacity, a new TSB is allocated
and copy_tsb is called to copy entries from the old TSB to the new.
A hash shift based on page size is used to calculate the index of an
entry in the TSB. copy_tsb has hard coded PAGE_SHIFT in these
calculations. However, for huge page TSBs the value REAL_HPAGE_SHIFT
should be used. As a result, when copy_tsb is called for a huge page
TSB the entries are placed at the incorrect index in the newly
allocated TSB. When doing hardware table walk, the MMU does not
match these entries and we end up in the TSB miss handling code.
This code will then create and write an entry to the correct index
in the TSB. We take a performance hit for the table walk miss and
recreation of these entries.
Pass a new parameter to copy_tsb that is the page size shift to be
used when copying the TSB.
Suggested-by: Anthony Yznaga <anthony.yznaga@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Greetings,
GCC 7 introduced the -Wstringop-overflow flag to detect buffer overflows
in calls to string handling functions [1][2]. Due to the way
``empty_zero_page'' is declared in arch/sparc/include/setup.h, this
causes a warning to trigger at compile time in the function mem_init(),
which is subsequently converted to an error. The ensuing patch fixes
this issue and aligns the declaration of empty_zero_page to that of
other architectures. Thank you.
Cheers,
Orlando.
[1] https://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-patches/2016-10/msg02308.html
[2] https://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-7/changes.html
Signed-off-by: Orlando Arias <oarias@knights.ucf.edu>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Make sure the start adderess is aligned to PMD_SIZE
boundary when freeing page table backing a hugepage
region. The issue was causing segfaults when a region
backed by 64K pages was unmapped since such a region
is in general not PMD_SIZE aligned.
Signed-off-by: Nitin Gupta <nitin.m.gupta@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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sparc32:allmodconfig fails to build with the following error.
ERROR: "vac_cache_size" [drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rdma_rxe.ko] undefined!
Fixes: cb8864559631 ("infiniband: Fix alignment of mmap cookies ...")
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgunthorpe@obsidianresearch.com>
Cc: Doug Ledford <dledford@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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The memory corruption was happening due to incorrect
TLB/TSB flushing of hugepages.
Reported-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Nitin Gupta <nitin.m.gupta@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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I encountered this bug when using /proc/kcore to examine the kernel. Plus a
coworker inquired about debugging tools. We computed pa but did
not use it during the maximum physical address bits test. Instead we used
the identity mapped virtual address which will always fail this test.
I believe the defect came in here:
[bpicco@zareason linus.git]$ git describe --contains bb4e6e85daa52
v3.18-rc1~87^2~4
.
Signed-off-by: Bob Picco <bob.picco@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Signed-off-by: Nitin Gupta <nitin.m.gupta@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Signed-off-by: Nitin Gupta <nitin.m.gupta@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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<linux/sched.h>
Update code that relied on sched.h including various MM types for them.
This will allow us to remove the <linux/mm_types.h> include from <linux/sched.h>.
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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<linux/sched/debug.h>
We are going to split <linux/sched/debug.h> out of <linux/sched.h>, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and a couple of .c files.
Create a trivial placeholder <linux/sched/debug.h> file that just
maps to <linux/sched.h> to make this patch obviously correct and
bisectable.
Include the new header in the files that are going to need it.
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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to <linux/sched/mm.h>
We are going to split more MM APIs out of <linux/sched.h>, which
will have to be picked up from a couple of .c files.
The APIs that we are going to move are:
arch_pick_mmap_layout()
arch_get_unmapped_area()
arch_get_unmapped_area_topdown()
mm_update_next_owner()
Include the header in the files that are going to need it.
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Patch "sparc64: Add 64K page size support"
unconditionally used __flush_huge_tsb_one_entry()
which is available only when hugetlb support is
enabled.
Another issue was incorrect TSB flushing for 64K
pages in flush_tsb_user().
Signed-off-by: Nitin Gupta <nitin.m.gupta@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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In add_node_ranges() when memblock resize happens, the iterator keeps using
the previous freed array. This bug cause hangs on machine where there are
over 128 memory blocks during boot. For example, on machines where memory
interleaving is small.
The problem is seen on T4-4 because it cant have 2T of memory, and memory
is interleaved at 8G. So we have 2T/8G = 256 regions to set node IDs. The
starting size of regions array is 128. Thus, we have to double at least one
time (actually we have to double twice because some memory is already
reserved and thus we need more than 256 regions). We start using an
incorrect pointer to the array after the first doubling.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Babu Moger <babu.moger@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Babu Moger <babu.moger@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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add_node_ranges() takes 2.6s - 3.6s per 1T of boot time. On machine with 6T
memory it takes 15.4s, on 32T it would take 82s-115s of boot time.
This function sets NUMA ids for memory blocks, and scans the whole memory a
page at a time to do so. But, we could use values in latency groups mask
and match to determine the boundaries without checking every single page.
With the fix the add_node_ranges() time is reduced from 15.4s down to 0.2s
on machine with 6T memory.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Babu Moger <babu.moger@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Bob Picco <bob.picco@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This patch depends on:
[v6] sparc64: Multi-page size support
- Testing
Tested on Sonoma by running stream benchmark instance which allocated
48G worth of 64K pages.
boot params: default_hugepagesz=64K hugepagesz=64K hugepages=1310720
Signed-off-by: Nitin Gupta <nitin.m.gupta@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Add support for using multiple hugepage sizes simultaneously
on mainline. Currently, support for 256M has been added which
can be used along with 8M pages.
Page tables are set like this (e.g. for 256M page):
VA + (8M * x) -> PA + (8M * x) (sz bit = 256M) where x in [0, 31]
and TSB is set similarly:
VA + (4M * x) -> PA + (4M * x) (sz bit = 256M) where x in [0, 63]
- Testing
Tested on Sonoma (which supports 256M pages) by running stream
benchmark instances in parallel: one instance uses 8M pages and
another uses 256M pages, consuming 48G each.
Boot params used:
default_hugepagesz=256M hugepagesz=256M hugepages=300 hugepagesz=8M
hugepages=10000
Signed-off-by: Nitin Gupta <nitin.m.gupta@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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The objects viking_ops, viking_sun4d_smp_ops and smp_cachetlb_ops of
type sparc32_cachetlb_ops are not modified anywhere after getting modified
in the init functions. Inside init their reference is also stored in a
pointer of type const struct sparc32_cachetlb_ops *. So these structures
are never modified after init, therefore add __ro_after to the declaration
of these structures.
Signed-off-by: Bhumika Goyal <bhumirks@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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We have a generic implementation for quite some time already. If there
is any arch specific information to be printed then we should add a
callback called from the generic code rather than duplicate the whole
show_mem.
The current code has resulted in the code duplication and the output
divergence which is both confusing and adds maintainance costs.
Let's just get rid of this mess.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170117091543.25850-4-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn> [UniCore32]
Acked-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> [for parisc]
Acked-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com> [for tile]
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This file was using module.h for search_exception_table. We've
now separated that content out into its own file "extable.h" so
now move over to that. Unlike most other instances, we can't
delete the module.h include here since the file needs that for
the within_module_init definition.
Reported-by: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: sparclinux@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
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This was entirely automated, using the script by Al:
PATT='^[[:blank:]]*#[[:blank:]]*include[[:blank:]]*<asm/uaccess.h>'
sed -i -e "s!$PATT!#include <linux/uaccess.h>!" \
$(git grep -l "$PATT"|grep -v ^include/linux/uaccess.h)
to do the replacement at the end of the merge window.
Requested-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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A compile warning is introduced by a commit to fix the find_node().
This patch fix the compile warning by moving find_node() into __init
section. Because find_node() is only used by memblock_nid_range() which
is only used by a __init add_node_ranges(). find_node() and
memblock_nid_range() should also be inside __init section.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Tai <thomas.tai@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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When booting up LDOM, find_node() warns that a physical address
doesn't match a NUMA node.
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 0 at arch/sparc/mm/init_64.c:835
find_node+0xf4/0x120 find_node: A physical address doesn't
match a NUMA node rule. Some physical memory will be
owned by node 0.Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 4.9.0-rc3 #4
Call Trace:
[0000000000468ba0] __warn+0xc0/0xe0
[0000000000468c74] warn_slowpath_fmt+0x34/0x60
[00000000004592f4] find_node+0xf4/0x120
[0000000000dd0774] add_node_ranges+0x38/0xe4
[0000000000dd0b1c] numa_parse_mdesc+0x268/0x2e4
[0000000000dd0e9c] bootmem_init+0xb8/0x160
[0000000000dd174c] paging_init+0x808/0x8fc
[0000000000dcb0d0] setup_arch+0x2c8/0x2f0
[0000000000dc68a0] start_kernel+0x48/0x424
[0000000000dcb374] start_early_boot+0x27c/0x28c
[0000000000a32c08] tlb_fixup_done+0x4c/0x64
[0000000000027f08] 0x27f08
It is because linux use an internal structure node_masks[] to
keep the best memory latency node only. However, LDOM mdesc can
contain single latency-group with multiple memory latency nodes.
If the address doesn't match the best latency node within
node_masks[], it should check for an alternative via mdesc.
The warning message should only be printed if the address
doesn't match any node_masks[] nor within mdesc. To minimize
the impact of searching mdesc every time, the last matched
mask and index is stored in a variable.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Tai <thomas.tai@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Chris Hyser <chris.hyser@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Liam Merwick <liam.merwick@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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When the vmalloc area gets fragmented, and because the firmware
mapping area sits between where modules live and the vmalloc area, we
can sometimes receive requests for enormous kernel TLB range flushes.
When this happens the cpu just spins flushing billions of pages and
this triggers the NMI watchdog and other problems.
We took care of this on the TSB side by doing a linear scan of the
table once we pass a certain threshold.
Do something similar for the TLB flush, however we are limited by
the TLB flush facilities provided by the different chip variants.
First of all we use an (mostly arbitrary) cut-off of 256K which is
about 32 pages. This can be tuned in the future.
The huge range code path for each chip works as follows:
1) On spitfire we flush all non-locked TLB entries using diagnostic
acceses.
2) On cheetah we use the "flush all" TLB flush.
3) On sun4v/hypervisor we do a TLB context flush on context 0, which
unlike previous chips does not remove "permanent" or locked
entries.
We could probably do something better on spitfire, such as limiting
the flush to kernel TLB entries or even doing range comparisons.
However that probably isn't worth it since those chips are old and
the TLB only had 64 entries.
Reported-by: James Clarke <jrtc27@jrtc27.com>
Tested-by: James Clarke <jrtc27@jrtc27.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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code.
Just like the non-cross-call TLB flush handlers, the cross-call ones need
to avoid doing PC-relative branches outside of their code blocks.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Noticed by James Clarke.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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If the number of pages we are flushing is more than twice the number
of entries in the TSB, just scan the TSB table for matches rather
than probing each and every page in the range.
Based upon a patch and report by James Clarke.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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