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2017-11-02License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no licenseGreg Kroah-Hartman
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-09-22arch: remove unused *_segments() macros/functionsTobias Klauser
Some architectures define the no-op macros/functions copy_segments, release_segments and forget_segments. These are used nowhere in the tree, so removed them. Signed-off-by: Tobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch> Acked-by: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com> [for arch/arc] Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2017-09-04Merge branch 'locking-core-for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull locking updates from Ingo Molnar: - Add 'cross-release' support to lockdep, which allows APIs like completions, where it's not the 'owner' who releases the lock, to be tracked. It's all activated automatically under CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING=y. - Clean up (restructure) the x86 atomics op implementation to be more readable, in preparation of KASAN annotations. (Dmitry Vyukov) - Fix static keys (Paolo Bonzini) - Add killable versions of down_read() et al (Kirill Tkhai) - Rework and fix jump_label locking (Marc Zyngier, Paolo Bonzini) - Rework (and fix) tlb_flush_pending() barriers (Peter Zijlstra) - Remove smp_mb__before_spinlock() and convert its usages, introduce smp_mb__after_spinlock() (Peter Zijlstra) * 'locking-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (56 commits) locking/lockdep/selftests: Fix mixed read-write ABBA tests sched/completion: Avoid unnecessary stack allocation for COMPLETION_INITIALIZER_ONSTACK() acpi/nfit: Fix COMPLETION_INITIALIZER_ONSTACK() abuse locking/pvqspinlock: Relax cmpxchg's to improve performance on some architectures smp: Avoid using two cache lines for struct call_single_data locking/lockdep: Untangle xhlock history save/restore from task independence locking/refcounts, x86/asm: Disable CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_REFCOUNT for the time being futex: Remove duplicated code and fix undefined behaviour Documentation/locking/atomic: Finish the document... locking/lockdep: Fix workqueue crossrelease annotation workqueue/lockdep: 'Fix' flush_work() annotation locking/lockdep/selftests: Add mixed read-write ABBA tests mm, locking/barriers: Clarify tlb_flush_pending() barriers locking/lockdep: Make CONFIG_LOCKDEP_CROSSRELEASE and CONFIG_LOCKDEP_COMPLETIONS truly non-interactive locking/lockdep: Explicitly initialize wq_barrier::done::map locking/lockdep: Rename CONFIG_LOCKDEP_COMPLETE to CONFIG_LOCKDEP_COMPLETIONS locking/lockdep: Reword title of LOCKDEP_CROSSRELEASE config locking/lockdep: Make CONFIG_LOCKDEP_CROSSRELEASE part of CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING locking/refcounts, x86/asm: Implement fast refcount overflow protection locking/lockdep: Fix the rollback and overwrite detection logic in crossrelease ...
2017-08-25futex: Remove duplicated code and fix undefined behaviourJiri Slaby
There is code duplicated over all architecture's headers for futex_atomic_op_inuser. Namely op decoding, access_ok check for uaddr, and comparison of the result. Remove this duplication and leave up to the arches only the needed assembly which is now in arch_futex_atomic_op_inuser. This effectively distributes the Will Deacon's arm64 fix for undefined behaviour reported by UBSAN to all architectures. The fix was done in commit 5f16a046f8e1 (arm64: futex: Fix undefined behaviour with FUTEX_OP_OPARG_SHIFT usage). Look there for an example dump. And as suggested by Thomas, check for negative oparg too, because it was also reported to cause undefined behaviour report. Note that s390 removed access_ok check in d12a29703 ("s390/uaccess: remove pointless access_ok() checks") as access_ok there returns true. We introduce it back to the helper for the sake of simplicity (it gets optimized away anyway). Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Acked-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk> Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> (powerpc) Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> [s390] Acked-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com> [for tile] Reviewed-by: Darren Hart (VMware) <dvhart@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> [core/arm64] Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org> Cc: linux-ia64@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-sh@vger.kernel.org Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: sparclinux@vger.kernel.org Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se> Cc: linux-s390@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp> Cc: linux-hexagon@vger.kernel.org Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Cc: linux-snps-arc@lists.infradead.org Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: linux-xtensa@linux-xtensa.org Cc: Stefan Kristiansson <stefan.kristiansson@saunalahti.fi> Cc: openrisc@lists.librecores.org Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru> Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com> Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net> Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: linux-parisc@vger.kernel.org Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org> Cc: linux-alpha@vger.kernel.org Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170824073105.3901-1-jslaby@suse.cz
2017-08-21Merge branch 'for-mingo' of ↵Ingo Molnar
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulmck/linux-rcu into core/rcu Pull RCU updates from Paul E. McKenney: - Removal of spin_unlock_wait() - SRCU updates - Torture-test updates - Documentation updates - Miscellaneous fixes - CPU-hotplug fixes - Miscellaneous non-RCU fixes Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2017-08-17arch: Remove spin_unlock_wait() arch-specific definitionsPaul E. McKenney
There is no agreed-upon definition of spin_unlock_wait()'s semantics, and it appears that all callers could do just as well with a lock/unlock pair. This commit therefore removes the underlying arch-specific arch_spin_unlock_wait() for all architectures providing them. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu> Cc: Andrea Parri <parri.andrea@gmail.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Acked-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
2017-07-21xtensa: remove wrapper header for asm/param.hTobias Klauser
xtensa's asm/device.h is a verbatim copy of asm-generic/device.h and does not add any arch specific extensions. Thus, use the asm-generic header directly. Signed-off-by: Tobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch> Signed-off-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
2017-07-21xtensa: remove wrapper header for asm/device.hTobias Klauser
xtensa's asm/device.h is a verbatim copy of asm-generic/device.h and does not add any arch specific extensions. Thus, use the asm-generic header directly. Acked-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Tobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch> Signed-off-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
2017-07-15Merge branch 'work.uaccess-unaligned' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs Pull uacess-unaligned removal from Al Viro: "That stuff had just one user, and an exotic one, at that - binfmt_flat on arm and m68k" * 'work.uaccess-unaligned' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: kill {__,}{get,put}_user_unaligned() binfmt_flat: flat_{get,put}_addr_from_rp() should be able to fail
2017-07-14xtensa: use generic fb.hTobias Klauser
The arch uses a verbatim copy of the asm-generic version and does not add any own implementations to the header, so use asm-generic/fb.h instead of duplicating code. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170517083545.2115-1-tklauser@distanz.ch Signed-off-by: Tobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch> Acked-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2017-07-11xtensa: move generic-y of exported headers to uapi/asm/KbuildMasahiro Yamada
Since commit fcc8487d477a ("uapi: export all headers under uapi directories"), all (and only) headers under uapi directories are exported, but asm-generic wrappers are still exceptions. To complete de-coupling the uapi from kernel headers, move generic-y of exported headers to uapi/asm/Kbuild. With this change, "make headers_install" will just need to parse uapi/asm/Kbuild to build up exported headers. Also, move "generic-y += kprobes.h" up in order to keep the entries sorted. Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
2017-07-06Merge branch 'uaccess.strlen' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs Pull user access str* updates from Al Viro: "uaccess str...() dead code removal" * 'uaccess.strlen' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: s390 keyboard.c: don't open-code strndup_user() mips: get rid of unused __strnlen_user() get rid of unused __strncpy_from_user() instances kill strlen_user()
2017-07-06Merge tag 'dma-mapping-4.13' of git://git.infradead.org/users/hch/dma-mappingLinus Torvalds
Pull dma-mapping infrastructure from Christoph Hellwig: "This is the first pull request for the new dma-mapping subsystem In this new subsystem we'll try to properly maintain all the generic code related to dma-mapping, and will further consolidate arch code into common helpers. This pull request contains: - removal of the DMA_ERROR_CODE macro, replacing it with calls to ->mapping_error so that the dma_map_ops instances are more self contained and can be shared across architectures (me) - removal of the ->set_dma_mask method, which duplicates the ->dma_capable one in terms of functionality, but requires more duplicate code. - various updates for the coherent dma pool and related arm code (Vladimir) - various smaller cleanups (me)" * tag 'dma-mapping-4.13' of git://git.infradead.org/users/hch/dma-mapping: (56 commits) ARM: dma-mapping: Remove traces of NOMMU code ARM: NOMMU: Set ARM_DMA_MEM_BUFFERABLE for M-class cpus ARM: NOMMU: Introduce dma operations for noMMU drivers: dma-mapping: allow dma_common_mmap() for NOMMU drivers: dma-coherent: Introduce default DMA pool drivers: dma-coherent: Account dma_pfn_offset when used with device tree dma: Take into account dma_pfn_offset dma-mapping: replace dmam_alloc_noncoherent with dmam_alloc_attrs dma-mapping: remove dmam_free_noncoherent crypto: qat - avoid an uninitialized variable warning au1100fb: remove a bogus dma_free_nonconsistent call MAINTAINERS: add entry for dma mapping helpers powerpc: merge __dma_set_mask into dma_set_mask dma-mapping: remove the set_dma_mask method powerpc/cell: use the dma_supported method for ops switching powerpc/cell: clean up fixed mapping dma_ops initialization tile: remove dma_supported and mapping_error methods xen-swiotlb: remove xen_swiotlb_set_dma_mask arm: implement ->dma_supported instead of ->set_dma_mask mips/loongson64: implement ->dma_supported instead of ->set_dma_mask ...
2017-07-03Merge branch 'timers-core-for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull timer updates from Thomas Gleixner: "A rather large update for timers/timekeeping: - compat syscall consolidation (Al Viro) - Posix timer consolidation (Christoph Helwig / Thomas Gleixner) - Cleanup of the device tree based initialization for clockevents and clocksources (Daniel Lezcano) - Consolidation of the FTTMR010 clocksource/event driver (Linus Walleij) - The usual set of small fixes and updates all over the place" * 'timers-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (93 commits) timers: Make the cpu base lock raw clocksource/drivers/mips-gic-timer: Fix an error code in 'gic_clocksource_of_init()' clocksource/drivers/fsl_ftm_timer: Unmap region obtained by of_iomap clocksource/drivers/tcb_clksrc: Make IO endian agnostic clocksource/drivers/sun4i: Switch to the timer-of common init clocksource/drivers/timer-of: Fix invalid iomap check Revert "ktime: Simplify ktime_compare implementation" clocksource/drivers: Fix uninitialized variable use in timer_of_init kselftests: timers: Add test for frequency step kselftests: timers: Fix inconsistency-check to not ignore first timestamp time: Add warning about imminent deprecation of CONFIG_GENERIC_TIME_VSYSCALL_OLD time: Clean up CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW time handling posix-cpu-timers: Make timespec to nsec conversion safe itimer: Make timeval to nsec conversion range limited timers: Fix parameter description of try_to_del_timer_sync() ktime: Simplify ktime_compare implementation clocksource/drivers/fttmr010: Factor out clock read code clocksource/drivers/fttmr010: Implement delay timer clocksource/drivers: Add timer-of common init routine clocksource/drivers/tcb_clksrc: Save timer context on suspend/resume ...
2017-07-03binfmt_flat: flat_{get,put}_addr_from_rp() should be able to failAl Viro
on MMU targets EFAULT is possible here. Make both return 0 or error, passing what used to be the return value of flat_get_addr_from_rp() by reference. Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2017-06-28arch: remove unused macro/function thread_saved_pc()Tobias Klauser
The only user of thread_saved_pc() in non-arch-specific code was removed in commit 8243d5597793 ("sched/core: Remove pointless printout in sched_show_task()"). Remove the implementations as well. Some architectures use thread_saved_pc() in their arch-specific code. Leave their thread_saved_pc() intact. Signed-off-by: Tobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch> Acked-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2017-06-21Merge branch 'timers/urgent' into timers/coreThomas Gleixner
Pick up dependent changes.
2017-06-20xtensa: remove DMA_ERROR_CODEChristoph Hellwig
xtensa already implements the mapping_error method for its only dma_map_ops instance. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
2017-06-13Merge tag 'xtensa-20170612' of git://github.com/jcmvbkbc/linux-xtensaLinus Torvalds
Pull Xtensa fixes from Max Filippov: - don't use linux IRQ #0 in legacy irq domains: fixes timer interrupt assignment when it's hardware IRQ # is 0 and the kernel is built w/o device tree support - reduce reservation size for double exception vector literals from 48 to 20 bytes: fixes build on cores with small user exception vector - cleanups: use kmalloc_array instead of kmalloc in simdisk_init and seq_puts instead of seq_printf in c_show. * tag 'xtensa-20170612' of git://github.com/jcmvbkbc/linux-xtensa: xtensa: don't use linux IRQ #0 xtensa: reduce double exception literal reservation xtensa: ISS: Use kmalloc_array() in simdisk_init() xtensa: Use seq_puts() in c_show()
2017-06-05xtensa: don't use linux IRQ #0Max Filippov
Linux IRQ #0 is reserved for error reporting and may not be used. Increase NR_IRQS for one additional slot and increase irq_domain_add_legacy parameter first_irq value to 1, so that linux IRQ #0 is not associated with hardware IRQ #0 in legacy IRQ domains. Introduce macro XTENSA_PIC_LINUX_IRQ for static translation of xtensa PIC hardware IRQ # to linux IRQ #. Use this macro in XTFPGA platform data definitions. This fixes inability to use hardware IRQ #0 in configurations that don't use device tree and allows for non-identity mapping between linux IRQ # and hardware IRQ #. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
2017-06-04signal: Remove non-uapi <asm/siginfo.h>Christoph Hellwig
By moving the kernel side __SI_* defintions right next to the userspace ones we can kill the non-uapi versions of <asm/siginfo.h> include include/asm-generic/siginfo.h and untangle the unholy mess of includes. [ tglx: Removed uapi/asm/siginfo.h from m32r, microblaze, mn10300 and score ] Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: linux-ia64@vger.kernel.org Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: sparclinux@vger.kernel.org Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170603190102.28866-6-hch@lst.de
2017-05-15get rid of unused __strncpy_from_user() instancesAl Viro
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2017-05-15kill strlen_user()Al Viro
no callers, no consistent semantics, no sane way to use it... Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2017-05-08Merge tag 'pci-v4.12-changes' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci Pull PCI updates from Bjorn Helgaas: - add framework for supporting PCIe devices in Endpoint mode (Kishon Vijay Abraham I) - use non-postable PCI config space mappings when possible (Lorenzo Pieralisi) - clean up and unify mmap of PCI BARs (David Woodhouse) - export and unify Function Level Reset support (Christoph Hellwig) - avoid FLR for Intel 82579 NICs (Sasha Neftin) - add pci_request_irq() and pci_free_irq() helpers (Christoph Hellwig) - short-circuit config access failures for disconnected devices (Keith Busch) - remove D3 sleep delay when possible (Adrian Hunter) - freeze PME scan before suspending devices (Lukas Wunner) - stop disabling MSI/MSI-X in pci_device_shutdown() (Prarit Bhargava) - disable boot interrupt quirk for ASUS M2N-LR (Stefan Assmann) - add arch-specific alignment control to improve device passthrough by avoiding multiple BARs in a page (Yongji Xie) - add sysfs sriov_drivers_autoprobe to control VF driver binding (Bodong Wang) - allow slots below PCI-to-PCIe "reverse bridges" (Bjorn Helgaas) - fix crashes when unbinding host controllers that don't support removal (Brian Norris) - add driver for MicroSemi Switchtec management interface (Logan Gunthorpe) - add driver for Faraday Technology FTPCI100 host bridge (Linus Walleij) - add i.MX7D support (Andrey Smirnov) - use generic MSI support for Aardvark (Thomas Petazzoni) - make Rockchip driver modular (Brian Norris) - advertise 128-byte Read Completion Boundary support for Rockchip (Shawn Lin) - advertise PCI_EXP_LNKSTA_SLC for Rockchip root port (Shawn Lin) - convert atomic_t to refcount_t in HV driver (Elena Reshetova) - add CPU IRQ affinity in HV driver (K. Y. Srinivasan) - fix PCI bus removal in HV driver (Long Li) - add support for ThunderX2 DMA alias topology (Jayachandran C) - add ThunderX pass2.x 2nd node MCFG quirk (Tomasz Nowicki) - add ITE 8893 bridge DMA alias quirk (Jarod Wilson) - restrict Cavium ACS quirk only to CN81xx/CN83xx/CN88xx devices (Manish Jaggi) * tag 'pci-v4.12-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci: (146 commits) PCI: Don't allow unbinding host controllers that aren't prepared ARM: DRA7: clockdomain: Change the CLKTRCTRL of CM_PCIE_CLKSTCTRL to SW_WKUP MAINTAINERS: Add PCI Endpoint maintainer Documentation: PCI: Add userguide for PCI endpoint test function tools: PCI: Add sample test script to invoke pcitest tools: PCI: Add a userspace tool to test PCI endpoint Documentation: misc-devices: Add Documentation for pci-endpoint-test driver misc: Add host side PCI driver for PCI test function device PCI: Add device IDs for DRA74x and DRA72x dt-bindings: PCI: dra7xx: Add DT bindings to enable unaligned access PCI: dwc: dra7xx: Workaround for errata id i870 dt-bindings: PCI: dra7xx: Add DT bindings for PCI dra7xx EP mode PCI: dwc: dra7xx: Add EP mode support PCI: dwc: dra7xx: Facilitate wrapper and MSI interrupts to be enabled independently dt-bindings: PCI: Add DT bindings for PCI designware EP mode PCI: dwc: designware: Add EP mode support Documentation: PCI: Add binding documentation for pci-test endpoint function ixgbe: Use pcie_flr() instead of duplicating it IB/hfi1: Use pcie_flr() instead of duplicating it PCI: imx6: Fix spelling mistake: "contol" -> "control" ...
2017-05-08Merge tag 'xtensa-20170507' of git://github.com/jcmvbkbc/linux-xtensaLinus Torvalds
Pull Xtensa updates from Max Filippov: - clearly mark references to spilled register locations with SPILL_SLOT macros - clean up xtensa ptrace: use generic tracehooks, move internal kernel definitions from uapi/asm to asm, make locally-used functions static, fix code style and alignment - use command line parameters passed to ISS as kernel command line. * tag 'xtensa-20170507' of git://github.com/jcmvbkbc/linux-xtensa: xtensa: clean up access to spilled registers locations xtensa: use generic tracehooks xtensa: move internal ptrace definitions from uapi/asm to asm xtensa: clean up xtensa/kernel/ptrace.c xtensa: drop unused fast_io_protect function xtensa: use ITLB_HIT_BIT instead of hardcoded number xtensa: ISS: update kernel command line in platform_setup xtensa: ISS: add argc/argv simcall definitions xtensa: ISS: cleanup setup.c
2017-05-01Merge branch 'work.uaccess' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs Pull uaccess unification updates from Al Viro: "This is the uaccess unification pile. It's _not_ the end of uaccess work, but the next batch of that will go into the next cycle. This one mostly takes copy_from_user() and friends out of arch/* and gets the zero-padding behaviour in sync for all architectures. Dealing with the nocache/writethrough mess is for the next cycle; fortunately, that's x86-only. Same for cleanups in iov_iter.c (I am sold on access_ok() in there, BTW; just not in this pile), same for reducing __copy_... callsites, strn*... stuff, etc. - there will be a pile about as large as this one in the next merge window. This one sat in -next for weeks. -3KLoC" * 'work.uaccess' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (96 commits) HAVE_ARCH_HARDENED_USERCOPY is unconditional now CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_RAW_COPY_USER is unconditional now m32r: switch to RAW_COPY_USER hexagon: switch to RAW_COPY_USER microblaze: switch to RAW_COPY_USER get rid of padding, switch to RAW_COPY_USER ia64: get rid of copy_in_user() ia64: sanitize __access_ok() ia64: get rid of 'segment' argument of __do_{get,put}_user() ia64: get rid of 'segment' argument of __{get,put}_user_check() ia64: add extable.h powerpc: get rid of zeroing, switch to RAW_COPY_USER esas2r: don't open-code memdup_user() alpha: fix stack smashing in old_adjtimex(2) don't open-code kernel_setsockopt() mips: switch to RAW_COPY_USER mips: get rid of tail-zeroing in primitives mips: make copy_from_user() zero tail explicitly mips: clean and reorder the forest of macros... mips: consolidate __invoke_... wrappers ...
2017-05-01xtensa: clean up access to spilled registers locationsMax Filippov
Define macros SPILL_SLOT* that return a reference to the stack location of the spill slot for specific register and use them instead of opencoded address calculations. Signed-off-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
2017-05-01xtensa: move internal ptrace definitions from uapi/asm to asmMax Filippov
Stack frame layout diagram, kernel stack size and exception_handlers offsets are used by the kernel and are not supposed to be accessible to userspace. Move these definitions from uapi/asm/ptrace.h to asm/ptrace.h Signed-off-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
2017-04-26Merge branches 'uaccess.alpha', 'uaccess.arc', 'uaccess.arm', ↵Al Viro
'uaccess.arm64', 'uaccess.avr32', 'uaccess.bfin', 'uaccess.c6x', 'uaccess.cris', 'uaccess.frv', 'uaccess.h8300', 'uaccess.hexagon', 'uaccess.ia64', 'uaccess.m32r', 'uaccess.m68k', 'uaccess.metag', 'uaccess.microblaze', 'uaccess.mips', 'uaccess.mn10300', 'uaccess.nios2', 'uaccess.openrisc', 'uaccess.parisc', 'uaccess.powerpc', 'uaccess.s390', 'uaccess.score', 'uaccess.sh', 'uaccess.sparc', 'uaccess.tile', 'uaccess.um', 'uaccess.unicore32', 'uaccess.x86' and 'uaccess.xtensa' into work.uaccess
2017-04-18PCI: Add arch_can_pci_mmap_io() on architectures which can mmap() I/O spaceDavid Woodhouse
This is relatively esoteric, and knowing that we don't have it makes life easier in some cases rather than just an eventual -EINVAL from pci_mmap_page_range(). Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
2017-04-18PCI: Move multiple declarations of pci_mmap_page_range() to <linux/pci.h>David Woodhouse
We can declare it <linux/pci.h> even on platforms where it isn't going to be defined. There's no need to have it littered through the various <asm/pci.h> files. Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
2017-04-04xtensa: fix prefetch in the raw_copy_to_userMax Filippov
'from' is the input buffer, it should be prefetched with prefetch, not prefetchw. Tested-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2017-04-02Merge branch 'parisc-4.11-3' of ↵Al Viro
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/parisc-linux into uaccess.parisc
2017-03-30xtensa: make __pa work with uncached KSEG addressesMax Filippov
When __pa is applied to virtual address in uncached KSEG region the result is incorrect. Fix it by checking if the original address is in the uncached KSEG and adjusting the result. It looks better than masking off bits because pfn_valid would correctly work with new __pa results and it may be made working in noMMU case, once we get definition for uncached memory view. This is required for the dma_common_mmap and DMA debug code to work correctly: they both indirectly use __pa with coherent DMA addresses. In case of DMA debug the visible effect is false reports that an address mapped for DMA is accessed by CPU. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Tested-by: Boris Brezillon <boris.brezillon@free-electrons.com> Reviewed-by: Boris Brezillon <boris.brezillon@free-electrons.com> Signed-off-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
2017-03-28xtensa: get rid of zeroing, use RAW_COPY_USERAl Viro
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2017-03-28xtensa: switch to generic extable.hAl Viro
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2017-03-28new helper: uaccess_kernel()Al Viro
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2017-03-09arch, mm: convert all architectures to use 5level-fixup.hKirill A. Shutemov
If an architecture uses 4level-fixup.h we don't need to do anything as it includes 5level-fixup.h. If an architecture uses pgtable-nop*d.h, define __ARCH_USE_5LEVEL_HACK before inclusion of the header. It makes asm-generic code to use 5level-fixup.h. If an architecture has 4-level paging or folds levels on its own, include 5level-fixup.h directly. Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2017-03-05uaccess: drop duplicate includes from asm/uaccess.hAl Viro
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2017-03-05uaccess: move VERIFY_{READ,WRITE} definitions to linux/uaccess.hAl Viro
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2017-03-03Merge tag 'xtensa-20170303' of git://github.com/jcmvbkbc/linux-xtensaLinus Torvalds
Pull Xtensa updates from Max Filippov: - clean up bootable image build targets: provide separate 'Image', 'zImage' and 'uImage' make targets that only build corresponding image type. Make 'all' build all images appropriate for a platform - allow merging vectors code into .text section as a preparation step for XIP support - fix handling external FDT when the kernel is built without BLK_DEV_INITRD support * tag 'xtensa-20170303' of git://github.com/jcmvbkbc/linux-xtensa: xtensa: allow merging vectors into .text section xtensa: clean up bootable image build targets xtensa: move parse_tag_fdt out of #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
2017-03-02sched/headers: Prepare to remove the <linux/mm_types.h> dependency from ↵Ingo Molnar
<linux/sched.h> Update code that relied on sched.h including various MM types for them. This will allow us to remove the <linux/mm_types.h> include from <linux/sched.h>. Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2017-03-01xtensa: allow merging vectors into .text sectionMax Filippov
Currently code for exception/IRQ vectors is stored in kernel image as initialization data and is copied to its working addresses during startup. It doesn't always make sense. In many cases vectors location can be automatically decided at kernel link time and code can be placed right there. This is especially useful for XIP kernel. Signed-off-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
2017-02-27kprobes: move kprobe declarations to asm-generic/kprobes.hLuis R. Rodriguez
Often all is needed is these small helpers, instead of compiler.h or a full kprobes.h. This is important for asm helpers, in fact even some asm/kprobes.h make use of these helpers... instead just keep a generic asm file with helpers useful for asm code with the least amount of clutter as possible. Likewise we need now to also address what to do about this file for both when architectures have CONFIG_HAVE_KPROBES, and when they do not. Then for when architectures have CONFIG_HAVE_KPROBES but have disabled CONFIG_KPROBES. Right now most asm/kprobes.h do not have guards against CONFIG_KPROBES, this means most architecture code cannot include asm/kprobes.h safely. Correct this and add guards for architectures missing them. Additionally provide architectures that not have kprobes support with the default asm-generic solution. This lets us force asm/kprobes.h on the header include/linux/kprobes.h always, but most importantly we can now safely include just asm/kprobes.h on architecture code without bringing the full kitchen sink of header files. Two architectures already provided a guard against CONFIG_KPROBES on its kprobes.h: sh, arch. The rest of the architectures needed gaurds added. We avoid including any not-needed headers on asm/kprobes.h unless kprobes have been enabled. In a subsequent atomic change we can try now to remove compiler.h from include/linux/kprobes.h. During this sweep I've also identified a few architectures defining a common macro needed for both kprobes and ftrace, that of the definition of the breakput instruction up. Some refer to this as BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION. This must be kept outside of the #ifdef CONFIG_KPROBES guard. [mcgrof@kernel.org: fix arm64 build] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CAB=NE6X1WMByuARS4mZ1g9+W=LuVBnMDnh_5zyN0CLADaVh=Jw@mail.gmail.com [sfr@canb.auug.org.au: fixup for kprobes declarations moving] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170214165933.13ebd4f4@canb.auug.org.au Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170203233139.32682-1-mcgrof@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Luis R. Rodriguez <mcgrof@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com> Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2017-02-25Merge tag 'for-next-dma_ops' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dledford/rdma Pull rdma DMA mapping updates from Doug Ledford: "Drop IB DMA mapping code and use core DMA code instead. Bart Van Assche noted that the ib DMA mapping code was significantly similar enough to the core DMA mapping code that with a few changes it was possible to remove the IB DMA mapping code entirely and switch the RDMA stack to use the core DMA mapping code. This resulted in a nice set of cleanups, but touched the entire tree and has been kept separate for that reason." * tag 'for-next-dma_ops' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dledford/rdma: (37 commits) IB/rxe, IB/rdmavt: Use dma_virt_ops instead of duplicating it IB/core: Remove ib_device.dma_device nvme-rdma: Switch from dma_device to dev.parent RDS: net: Switch from dma_device to dev.parent IB/srpt: Modify a debug statement IB/srp: Switch from dma_device to dev.parent IB/iser: Switch from dma_device to dev.parent IB/IPoIB: Switch from dma_device to dev.parent IB/rxe: Switch from dma_device to dev.parent IB/vmw_pvrdma: Switch from dma_device to dev.parent IB/usnic: Switch from dma_device to dev.parent IB/qib: Switch from dma_device to dev.parent IB/qedr: Switch from dma_device to dev.parent IB/ocrdma: Switch from dma_device to dev.parent IB/nes: Remove a superfluous assignment statement IB/mthca: Switch from dma_device to dev.parent IB/mlx5: Switch from dma_device to dev.parent IB/mlx4: Switch from dma_device to dev.parent IB/i40iw: Remove a superfluous assignment statement IB/hns: Switch from dma_device to dev.parent ...
2017-02-01sched/cputime: Remove generic asm headersFrederic Weisbecker
cputime_t is now only used by two architectures: * powerpc (when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_NATIVE=y) * s390 And since the core doesn't use it anymore, we don't need any arch support from the others. So we can remove their stub implementations. A final cleanup would be to provide an efficient pure arch implementation of cputime_to_nsec() for s390 and powerpc and finally remove include/linux/cputime.h . Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com> Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Wanpeng Li <wanpeng.li@hotmail.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1485832191-26889-36-git-send-email-fweisbec@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2017-01-24treewide: Consolidate get_dma_ops() implementationsBart Van Assche
Introduce a new architecture-specific get_arch_dma_ops() function that takes a struct bus_type * argument. Add get_dma_ops() in <linux/dma-mapping.h>. Signed-off-by: Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@sandisk.com> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com> Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: x86@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Doug Ledford <dledford@redhat.com>
2017-01-24treewide: Move dma_ops from struct dev_archdata into struct deviceBart Van Assche
Some but not all architectures provide set_dma_ops(). Move dma_ops from struct dev_archdata into struct device such that it becomes possible on all architectures to configure dma_ops per device. Signed-off-by: Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@sandisk.com> Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com> Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: x86@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Doug Ledford <dledford@redhat.com>
2017-01-24treewide: Constify most dma_map_ops structuresBart Van Assche
Most dma_map_ops structures are never modified. Constify these structures such that these can be write-protected. This patch has been generated as follows: git grep -l 'struct dma_map_ops' | xargs -d\\n sed -i \ -e 's/struct dma_map_ops/const struct dma_map_ops/g' \ -e 's/const struct dma_map_ops {/struct dma_map_ops {/g' \ -e 's/^const struct dma_map_ops;$/struct dma_map_ops;/' \ -e 's/const const struct dma_map_ops /const struct dma_map_ops /g'; sed -i -e 's/const \(struct dma_map_ops intel_dma_ops\)/\1/' \ $(git grep -l 'struct dma_map_ops intel_dma_ops'); sed -i -e 's/const \(struct dma_map_ops dma_iommu_ops\)/\1/' \ $(git grep -l 'struct dma_map_ops' | grep ^arch/powerpc); sed -i -e '/^struct vmd_dev {$/,/^};$/ s/const \(struct dma_map_ops[[:blank:]]dma_ops;\)/\1/' \ -e '/^static void vmd_setup_dma_ops/,/^}$/ s/const \(struct dma_map_ops \*dest\)/\1/' \ -e 's/const \(struct dma_map_ops \*dest = \&vmd->dma_ops\)/\1/' \ drivers/pci/host/*.c sed -i -e '/^void __init pci_iommu_alloc(void)$/,/^}$/ s/dma_ops->/intel_dma_ops./' arch/ia64/kernel/pci-dma.c sed -i -e 's/static const struct dma_map_ops sn_dma_ops/static struct dma_map_ops sn_dma_ops/' arch/ia64/sn/pci/pci_dma.c sed -i -e 's/(const struct dma_map_ops \*)//' drivers/misc/mic/bus/vop_bus.c Signed-off-by: Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@sandisk.com> Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com> Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: x86@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Doug Ledford <dledford@redhat.com>
2016-12-24Replace <asm/uaccess.h> with <linux/uaccess.h> globallyLinus Torvalds
This was entirely automated, using the script by Al: PATT='^[[:blank:]]*#[[:blank:]]*include[[:blank:]]*<asm/uaccess.h>' sed -i -e "s!$PATT!#include <linux/uaccess.h>!" \ $(git grep -l "$PATT"|grep -v ^include/linux/uaccess.h) to do the replacement at the end of the merge window. Requested-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>