summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/drivers/media/dvb-frontends/dvb-pll.c
AgeCommit message (Collapse)Author
2024-02-07media: dvb-frontends/dvb-pll: Remove usage of the deprecated ida_simple_xx() APIChristophe JAILLET
ida_alloc() and ida_free() should be preferred to the deprecated ida_simple_get() and ida_simple_remove(). Note that the upper limit of ida_simple_get() is exclusive, but the one of ida_alloc_max() is inclusive. So a -1 has been added when needed. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-media/920639b9e05775eea56ecb9cd5ed38ad292a96a8.1705008803.git.christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr Signed-off-by: Christophe JAILLET <christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr> Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
2023-09-09media: dvb: symbol fixup for dvb_attach()Greg Kroah-Hartman
In commit 9011e49d54dc ("modules: only allow symbol_get of EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL modules") the use of symbol_get is properly restricted to GPL-only marked symbols. This interacts oddly with the DVB logic which only uses dvb_attach() to load the dvb driver which then uses symbol_get(). Fix this up by properly marking all of the dvb_attach attach symbols as EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(). Fixes: 9011e49d54dc ("modules: only allow symbol_get of EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL modules") Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org> Reported-by: Stefan Lippers-Hollmann <s.l-h@gmx.de> Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Cc: linux-media@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-modules@vger.kernel.org Acked-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org> Acked-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230908092035.3815268-2-gregkh@linuxfoundation.org Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2023-05-25media: Switch i2c drivers back to use .probe()Uwe Kleine-König
After commit b8a1a4cd5a98 ("i2c: Provide a temporary .probe_new() call-back type"), all drivers being converted to .probe_new() and then commit 03c835f498b5 ("i2c: Switch .probe() to not take an id parameter") convert back to (the new) .probe() to be able to eventually drop .probe_new() from struct i2c_driver. Signed-off-by: Uwe Kleine-König <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
2023-01-22media: dvb-frontends/dvb-pll: Convert to i2c's .probe_new()Uwe Kleine-König
.probe_new() doesn't get the i2c_device_id * parameter, so determine that explicitly in the probe function. Signed-off-by: Uwe Kleine-König <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl> Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
2022-08-16i2c: Make remove callback return voidUwe Kleine-König
The value returned by an i2c driver's remove function is mostly ignored. (Only an error message is printed if the value is non-zero that the error is ignored.) So change the prototype of the remove function to return no value. This way driver authors are not tempted to assume that passing an error to the upper layer is a good idea. All drivers are adapted accordingly. There is no intended change of behaviour, all callbacks were prepared to return 0 before. Reviewed-by: Peter Senna Tschudin <peter.senna@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Jeremy Kerr <jk@codeconstruct.com.au> Reviewed-by: Benjamin Mugnier <benjamin.mugnier@foss.st.com> Reviewed-by: Javier Martinez Canillas <javierm@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Crt Mori <cmo@melexis.com> Reviewed-by: Heikki Krogerus <heikki.krogerus@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Acked-by: Marek Behún <kabel@kernel.org> # for leds-turris-omnia Acked-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com> Reviewed-by: Petr Machata <petrm@nvidia.com> # for mlxsw Reviewed-by: Maximilian Luz <luzmaximilian@gmail.com> # for surface3_power Acked-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com> # for bmc150-accel-i2c + kxcjk-1013 Reviewed-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl> # for media/* + staging/media/* Acked-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org> # for auxdisplay/ht16k33 + auxdisplay/lcd2s Reviewed-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca.ceresoli@bootlin.com> # for versaclock5 Reviewed-by: Ajay Gupta <ajayg@nvidia.com> # for ucsi_ccg Acked-by: Jonathan Cameron <Jonathan.Cameron@huawei.com> # for iio Acked-by: Peter Rosin <peda@axentia.se> # for i2c-mux-*, max9860 Acked-by: Adrien Grassein <adrien.grassein@gmail.com> # for lontium-lt8912b Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de> # for hwmon, i2c-core and i2c/muxes Acked-by: Corey Minyard <cminyard@mvista.com> # for IPMI Reviewed-by: Vladimir Oltean <olteanv@gmail.com> Acked-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com> Acked-by: Sebastian Reichel <sebastian.reichel@collabora.com> # for drivers/power Acked-by: Krzysztof Hałasa <khalasa@piap.pl> Signed-off-by: Uwe Kleine-König <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Wolfram Sang <wsa@kernel.org>
2019-08-21media: dvb-frontends: use ida for pll numberSean Young
KASAN: global-out-of-bounds Read in dvb_pll_attach Syzbot reported global-out-of-bounds Read in dvb_pll_attach, while accessing id[dvb_pll_devcount], because dvb_pll_devcount was 65, that is more than size of 'id' which is DVB_PLL_MAX(64). Rather than increasing dvb_pll_devcount every time, use ida so that numbers are allocated correctly. This does mean that no more than 64 devices can be attached at the same time, but this is more than sufficient. usb 1-1: dvb_usb_v2: will pass the complete MPEG2 transport stream to the software demuxer dvbdev: DVB: registering new adapter (774 Friio White ISDB-T USB2.0) usb 1-1: media controller created dvbdev: dvb_create_media_entity: media entity 'dvb-demux' registered. tc90522 0-0018: Toshiba TC90522 attached. usb 1-1: DVB: registering adapter 0 frontend 0 (Toshiba TC90522 ISDB-T module)... dvbdev: dvb_create_media_entity: media entity 'Toshiba TC90522 ISDB-T module' registered. ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: global-out-of-bounds in dvb_pll_attach+0x6c5/0x830 drivers/media/dvb-frontends/dvb-pll.c:798 Read of size 4 at addr ffffffff89c9e5e0 by task kworker/0:1/12 CPU: 0 PID: 12 Comm: kworker/0:1 Not tainted 5.2.0-rc6+ #13 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 01/01/2011 Workqueue: usb_hub_wq hub_event Call Trace: __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:77 [inline] dump_stack+0xca/0x13e lib/dump_stack.c:113 print_address_description+0x67/0x231 mm/kasan/report.c:188 __kasan_report.cold+0x1a/0x32 mm/kasan/report.c:317 kasan_report+0xe/0x20 mm/kasan/common.c:614 dvb_pll_attach+0x6c5/0x830 drivers/media/dvb-frontends/dvb-pll.c:798 dvb_pll_probe+0xfe/0x174 drivers/media/dvb-frontends/dvb-pll.c:877 i2c_device_probe+0x790/0xaa0 drivers/i2c/i2c-core-base.c:389 really_probe+0x281/0x660 drivers/base/dd.c:509 driver_probe_device+0x104/0x210 drivers/base/dd.c:670 __device_attach_driver+0x1c2/0x220 drivers/base/dd.c:777 bus_for_each_drv+0x15c/0x1e0 drivers/base/bus.c:454 __device_attach+0x217/0x360 drivers/base/dd.c:843 bus_probe_device+0x1e4/0x290 drivers/base/bus.c:514 device_add+0xae6/0x16f0 drivers/base/core.c:2111 i2c_new_client_device+0x5b3/0xc40 drivers/i2c/i2c-core-base.c:778 i2c_new_device+0x19/0x50 drivers/i2c/i2c-core-base.c:821 dvb_module_probe+0xf9/0x220 drivers/media/dvb-core/dvbdev.c:985 friio_tuner_attach+0x125/0x1d0 drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb-v2/gl861.c:536 dvb_usbv2_adapter_frontend_init drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb-v2/dvb_usb_core.c:675 [inline] dvb_usbv2_adapter_init drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb-v2/dvb_usb_core.c:804 [inline] dvb_usbv2_init drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb-v2/dvb_usb_core.c:865 [inline] dvb_usbv2_probe.cold+0x24dc/0x255d drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb-v2/dvb_usb_core.c:980 usb_probe_interface+0x305/0x7a0 drivers/usb/core/driver.c:361 really_probe+0x281/0x660 drivers/base/dd.c:509 driver_probe_device+0x104/0x210 drivers/base/dd.c:670 __device_attach_driver+0x1c2/0x220 drivers/base/dd.c:777 bus_for_each_drv+0x15c/0x1e0 drivers/base/bus.c:454 __device_attach+0x217/0x360 drivers/base/dd.c:843 bus_probe_device+0x1e4/0x290 drivers/base/bus.c:514 device_add+0xae6/0x16f0 drivers/base/core.c:2111 usb_set_configuration+0xdf6/0x1670 drivers/usb/core/message.c:2023 generic_probe+0x9d/0xd5 drivers/usb/core/generic.c:210 usb_probe_device+0x99/0x100 drivers/usb/core/driver.c:266 really_probe+0x281/0x660 drivers/base/dd.c:509 driver_probe_device+0x104/0x210 drivers/base/dd.c:670 __device_attach_driver+0x1c2/0x220 drivers/base/dd.c:777 bus_for_each_drv+0x15c/0x1e0 drivers/base/bus.c:454 __device_attach+0x217/0x360 drivers/base/dd.c:843 bus_probe_device+0x1e4/0x290 drivers/base/bus.c:514 device_add+0xae6/0x16f0 drivers/base/core.c:2111 usb_new_device.cold+0x8c1/0x1016 drivers/usb/core/hub.c:2534 hub_port_connect drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5089 [inline] hub_port_connect_change drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5204 [inline] port_event drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5350 [inline] hub_event+0x1ada/0x3590 drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5432 process_one_work+0x905/0x1570 kernel/workqueue.c:2269 process_scheduled_works kernel/workqueue.c:2331 [inline] worker_thread+0x7ab/0xe20 kernel/workqueue.c:2417 kthread+0x30b/0x410 kernel/kthread.c:255 ret_from_fork+0x24/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:352 The buggy address belongs to the variable: id+0x100/0x120 Memory state around the buggy address: ffffffff89c9e480: fa fa fa fa 00 00 fa fa fa fa fa fa 00 00 00 00 ffffffff89c9e500: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 > ffffffff89c9e580: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fa fa fa fa ^ ffffffff89c9e600: 04 fa fa fa fa fa fa fa 04 fa fa fa fa fa fa fa ffffffff89c9e680: 04 fa fa fa fa fa fa fa 04 fa fa fa fa fa fa fa ================================================================== Reported-by: syzbot+8a8f48672560c8ca59dd@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Signed-off-by: Sean Young <sean@mess.org> Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
2019-05-30treewide: Replace GPLv2 boilerplate/reference with SPDX - rule 157Thomas Gleixner
Based on 3 normalized pattern(s): this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify it under the terms of the gnu general public license as published by the free software foundation either version 2 of the license or at your option any later version this program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful but without any warranty without even the implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose see the gnu general public license for more details this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify it under the terms of the gnu general public license as published by the free software foundation either version 2 of the license or at your option any later version [author] [kishon] [vijay] [abraham] [i] [kishon]@[ti] [com] this program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful but without any warranty without even the implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose see the gnu general public license for more details this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify it under the terms of the gnu general public license as published by the free software foundation either version 2 of the license or at your option any later version [author] [graeme] [gregory] [gg]@[slimlogic] [co] [uk] [author] [kishon] [vijay] [abraham] [i] [kishon]@[ti] [com] [based] [on] [twl6030]_[usb] [c] [author] [hema] [hk] [hemahk]@[ti] [com] this program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful but without any warranty without even the implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose see the gnu general public license for more details extracted by the scancode license scanner the SPDX license identifier GPL-2.0-or-later has been chosen to replace the boilerplate/reference in 1105 file(s). Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Reviewed-by: Allison Randal <allison@lohutok.net> Reviewed-by: Richard Fontana <rfontana@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: linux-spdx@vger.kernel.org Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190527070033.202006027@linutronix.de Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2019-03-29media: replace strncpy() by strscpy()Mauro Carvalho Chehab
The strncpy() function is being deprecated upstream. Replace it by the safer strscpy(). While here, replace a few occurences of strlcpy() that were recently added to also use strscpy(). Reviewed-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl> Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
2018-11-27media: dvb-pll: don't re-validate tuner frequenciesMauro Carvalho Chehab
The dvb_frontend core already checks for the frequencies. No need for any additional check inside the driver. It is part of the fixes for the following bug: https://bugzilla.opensuse.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1116374 Fixes: a3f90c75b833 ("media: dvb: convert tuner_info frequencies to Hz") Reported-by: Stakanov Schufter <stakanov@eclipso.eu> Reported-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # For 4.19 Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
2018-11-27media: dvb-pll: fix tuner frequency rangesMauro Carvalho Chehab
Tuners should report frequencies in Hz. That works fine on most drivers, but, in the case of dvb-pll, some settings are for satellite tuners, while others are for terrestrial/cable ones. The code was trying to solve it at probing time, but that doesn't work, as, when _attach is called, the delivery system may be wrong. Fix it by ensuring that all frequencies are in Hz at the per-tuner max/min values. While here, add a debug message, as this would help to debug any issues there. It partially fixes the following bug: https://bugzilla.opensuse.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1116374 Fixes: a3f90c75b833 ("media: dvb: convert tuner_info frequencies to Hz") Reported-by: Stakanov Schufter <stakanov@eclipso.eu> Reported-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # For 4.19 Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
2018-08-02media: dvb: convert tuner_info frequencies to HzMauro Carvalho Chehab
Right now, satellite tuner drivers specify frequencies in kHz, while terrestrial/cable ones specify in Hz. That's confusing for developers. However, the main problem is that universal tuners capable of handling both satellite and non-satelite delivery systems are appearing. We end by needing to hack the drivers in order to support such hybrid tuners. So, convert everything to specify tuner frequencies in Hz. Plese notice that a similar patch is also needed for frontends. Tested-by: Katsuhiro Suzuki <suzuki.katsuhiro@socionext.com> Acked-by: Michael Büsch <m@bues.ch> Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
2018-07-30media: dvb-frontends/dvb-pll: fix module ref-countingAkihiro Tsukada
dvb-pll module was 'put' twice on exit: once by dvb_frontend_detach() and another by dvb_module_release(). Signed-off-by: Akihiro Tsukada <tskd08@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
2018-05-05media: dvb-frontends/dvb-pll: add tda6651 ISDB-T pll_descAkihiro Tsukada
This patch adds a PLL "description" of Philips TDA6651 for ISDB-T. It was extracted from (the former) va1j5jf8007t.c of EarthSoft PT1, thus the desc might include PT1 specific configs. Signed-off-by: Akihiro Tsukada <tskd08@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
2018-05-05media: dvb-frontends/dvb-pll: add tua6034 ISDB-T tuner used in FriioAkihiro Tsukada
This driver already contains tua6034-based device settings, but they are not for ISDB-T and have different parameters. Signed-off-by: Akihiro Tsukada <tskd08@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
2018-05-05media: dvb-frontends/dvb-pll: add i2c driver supportAkihiro Tsukada
registers the module as an i2c driver, but keeps dvb_pll_attach() untouched for compatibility. Signed-off-by: Akihiro Tsukada <tskd08@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
2017-09-23media: dvb: i2c transfers over usb cannot be done from stackSean Young
Since commit 29d2fef8be11 ("usb: catch attempts to submit urbs with a vmalloc'd transfer buffer"), the AverMedia AverTV DVB-T USB 2.0 (a800) fails to probe. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Sean Young <sean@mess.org> Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>
2017-01-27[media] media: Drop FSF's postal address from the source code filesSakari Ailus
Drop the FSF's postal address from the source code files that typically contain mostly the license text. Of the 628 removed instances, 578 are outdated. The patch has been created with the following command without manual edits: git grep -l "675 Mass Ave\|59 Temple Place\|51 Franklin St" -- \ drivers/media/ include/media|while read i; do i=$i perl -e ' open(F,"< $ENV{i}"); $a=join("", <F>); $a =~ s/[ \t]*\*\n.*You should.*\n.*along with.*\n.*(\n.*USA.*$)?\n//m && $a =~ s/(^.*)Or, (point your browser to) /$1To obtain the license, $2\n$1/m; close(F); open(F, "> $ENV{i}"); print F $a; close(F);'; done Signed-off-by: Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
2016-11-18Revert "[media] dvb_frontend: merge duplicate dvb_tuner_ops.release ↵Mauro Carvalho Chehab
implementations" While this patch sounded a good idea, unfortunately, it causes bad dependencies, as drivers that would otherwise work without the DVB core will now break: ERROR: "dvb_tuner_simple_release" [drivers/media/tuners/tea5767.ko] undefined! ERROR: "dvb_tuner_simple_release" [drivers/media/tuners/tea5761.ko] undefined! ERROR: "dvb_tuner_simple_release" [drivers/media/tuners/tda827x.ko] undefined! ERROR: "dvb_tuner_simple_release" [drivers/media/tuners/tda18218.ko] undefined! ERROR: "dvb_tuner_simple_release" [drivers/media/tuners/qt1010.ko] undefined! ERROR: "dvb_tuner_simple_release" [drivers/media/tuners/mt2266.ko] undefined! ERROR: "dvb_tuner_simple_release" [drivers/media/tuners/mt20xx.ko] undefined! ERROR: "dvb_tuner_simple_release" [drivers/media/tuners/mt2060.ko] undefined! ERROR: "dvb_tuner_simple_release" [drivers/media/tuners/mc44s803.ko] undefined! ERROR: "dvb_tuner_simple_release" [drivers/media/tuners/fc0013.ko] undefined! ERROR: "dvb_tuner_simple_release" [drivers/media/tuners/fc0012.ko] undefined! ERROR: "dvb_tuner_simple_release" [drivers/media/tuners/fc0011.ko] undefined! So, we have to revert it. Note: as the argument for the release ops changed from "int" to "void", we needed to change it at the revert patch, to avoid compilation issues like: drivers/media/tuners/tea5767.c:437:23: error: initialization from incompatible pointer type [-Werror=incompatible-pointer-types] .release = tea5767_release, ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ This reverts commit 22a613e89825ea7a3984a968463cc6d425bd8856. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>
2016-11-18[media] dvb_frontend: merge duplicate dvb_tuner_ops.release implementationsMax Kellermann
Most release callback functions are identical: free the "tuner_priv" and clear it. Let's eliminate some bloat by providing this simple implementation in the dvb_frontend library. Signed-off-by: Max Kellermann <max.kellermann@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>
2016-10-21[media] dvb-pll: use pr_foo() macros instead of printk()Mauro Carvalho Chehab
Replace printk() macros by their pr_foo() counterparts. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>
2016-09-19[media] dvb-frontends: constify dvb_tuner_ops structuresJulia Lawall
These structures are only used to copy into other structures, so declare them as const. The semantic patch that makes this change is as follows: (http://coccinelle.lip6.fr/) // <smpl> @r disable optional_qualifier@ identifier i; position p; @@ static struct dvb_tuner_ops i@p = { ... }; @ok1@ identifier r.i; expression e; position p; @@ e = i@p @ok2@ identifier r.i; expression e1, e2; position p; @@ memcpy(e1, &i@p, e2) @bad@ position p != {r.p,ok1.p,ok2.p}; identifier r.i; struct dvb_tuner_ops e; @@ e@i@p @depends on !bad disable optional_qualifier@ identifier r.i; @@ static +const struct dvb_tuner_ops i = { ... }; // </smpl> Signed-off-by: Julia Lawall <Julia.Lawall@lip6.fr> Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hans.verkuil@cisco.com> Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>
2015-08-11[media] dvb-pll: Convert struct dvb_pll_desc uses to constJoe Perches
Convert the struct dvb_pll_desc uses to const and change the "entries" fixed array size from 12 to [] It saves a couple KB overall and remove ~5KB of data. $ size drivers/media/dvb-frontends/dvb-pll.o* text data bss dec hex filename 8520 1552 2120 12192 2fa0 drivers/media/dvb-frontends/dvb-pll.o.new 5624 6363 2120 14107 371b drivers/media/dvb-frontends/dvb-pll.o.old [PG] Patch taken from https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/6/24/721 with commit message updated. Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Griffin <peter.griffin@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Michael Ira Krufky <m.krufky@samsung.com> Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@osg.samsung.com>
2012-08-13[media] move the dvb/frontends to drivers/media/dvb-frontendsMauro Carvalho Chehab
Raise the DVB frontends one level up, as the intention is to remove the drivers/media/dvb directory. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>