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2020-06-04elfnote: mark all .note sections SHF_ALLOCNick Desaulniers
ELFNOTE_START allows callers to specify flags for .pushsection assembler directives. All callsites but ELF_NOTE use "a" for SHF_ALLOC. For vdso's that explicitly use ELF_NOTE_START and BUILD_SALT, the same section is specified twice after preprocessing, once with "a" flag, once without. Example: .pushsection .note.Linux, "a", @note ; .pushsection .note.Linux, "", @note ; While GNU as allows this ordering, it warns for the opposite ordering, making these directives position dependent. We'd prefer not to precisely match this behavior in Clang's integrated assembler. Instead, the non __ASSEMBLY__ definition of ELF_NOTE uses __attribute__((section(".note.Linux"))) which is created with SHF_ALLOC, so let's make the __ASSEMBLY__ definition of ELF_NOTE consistent with C and just always use "a" flag. This allows Clang to assemble a working mainline (5.6) kernel via: $ make CC=clang AS=clang Signed-off-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Fangrui Song <maskray@google.com> Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@arm.com> Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/913 Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200325231250.99205-1-ndesaulniers@google.com Debugged-by: Ilie Halip <ilie.halip@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-03-21linux/elfnote.h: Replace elf.h with UAPI equivalentVincenzo Frascino
The vDSO library should only include the necessary headers required for a userspace library (UAPI and a minimal set of kernel headers). To make this possible it is necessary to isolate from the kernel headers the common parts that are strictly necessary to build the library. Replace linux/elf.h with UAPI equivalent in elfnote.h to make the header suitable for vDSO inclusion. Signed-off-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200320145351.32292-18-vincenzo.frascino@arm.com
2017-11-02License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no licenseGreg Kroah-Hartman
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2008-01-28remove __attribute_used__Adrian Bunk
Remove the deprecated __attribute_used__. [Introduce __section in a few places to silence checkpatch /sam] Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
2007-07-18use elfnote.h to generate vsyscall notes.Jeremy Fitzhardinge
Use existing elfnote.h to generate vsyscall notes, rather than doing it locally. Changes elfnote.h a bit to suit, since this is the first asm user, and it wasn't quite right. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.com>
2007-05-02[PATCH] i386: Clean up ELF note generationJeremy Fitzhardinge
Three cleanups: 1: ELF notes are never mapped, so there's no need to have any access flags in their phdr. 2: When generating them from asm, tell the assembler to use a SHT_NOTE section type. There doesn't seem to be a way to do this from C. 3: Use ANSI rather than traditional cpp behaviour to stringify the macro argument. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
2006-09-26[PATCH] Translate asm version of ELFNOTE macro into preprocessor macroIan Campbell
I've come across some problems with the assembly version of the ELFNOTE macro currently in -mm. (in x86-put-note-sections-into-a-pt_note-segment-in-vmlinux.patch) The first is that older gas does not support :varargs in .macro definitions (in my testing 2.17 does while 2.15 does not, I don't know when it became supported). The Changes file says binutils >= 2.12 so I think we need to avoid using it. There are no other uses in mainline or -mm. Old gas appears to just ignore it so you get "too many arguments" type errors. Secondly it seems that passing strings as arguments to assembler macros is broken without varargs. It looks like they get unquoted or each character is treated as a separate argument or something and this causes all manner of grief. I think this is because of the use of -traditional when compiling assembly files. Therefore I have translated the assembler macro into a pre-processor macro. I added the desctype as a separate argument instead of including it with the descdata as the previous version did since -traditional means the ELFNOTE definition after the #else needs to have the same number of arguments (I think so anyway, the -traditional CPP semantics are pretty fscking strange!). With this patch I am able to define elfnotes in assembly like this with both old and new assemblers. ELFNOTE(Xen, XEN_ELFNOTE_GUEST_OS, .asciz, "linux") ELFNOTE(Xen, XEN_ELFNOTE_GUEST_VERSION, .asciz, "2.6") ELFNOTE(Xen, XEN_ELFNOTE_XEN_VERSION, .asciz, "xen-3.0") ELFNOTE(Xen, XEN_ELFNOTE_VIRT_BASE, .long, __PAGE_OFFSET) Which seems reasonable enough. Signed-off-by: Ian Campbell <ian.campbell@xensource.com> Acked-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-09-26[PATCH] x86: put .note.* sections into a PT_NOTE segment in vmlinuxJeremy Fitzhardinge
This patch will pack any .note.* section into a PT_NOTE segment in the output file. To do this, we tell ld that we need a PT_NOTE segment. This requires us to start explicitly mapping sections to segments, so we also need to explicitly create PT_LOAD segments for text and data, and map the sections to them appropriately. Fortunately, each section will default to its previous section's segment, so it doesn't take many changes to vmlinux.lds.S. This only changes i386 for now, but I presume the corresponding changes for other architectures will be as simple. This change also adds <linux/elfnote.h>, which defines C and Assembler macros for actually creating ELF notes. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Hollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>