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2017-11-02License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no licenseGreg Kroah-Hartman
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-06-08tcp: Namespaceify sysctl_tcp_timestampsEric Dumazet
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2017-05-05tcp: randomize timestamps on syncookiesEric Dumazet
Whole point of randomization was to hide server uptime, but an attacker can simply start a syn flood and TCP generates 'old style' timestamps, directly revealing server jiffies value. Also, TSval sent by the server to a particular remote address vary depending on syncookies being sent or not, potentially triggering PAWS drops for innocent clients. Lets implement proper randomization, including for SYNcookies. Also we do not need to export sysctl_tcp_timestamps, since it is not used from a module. In v2, I added Florian feedback and contribution, adding tsoff to tcp_get_cookie_sock(). v3 removed one unused variable in tcp_v4_connect() as Florian spotted. Fixes: 95a22caee396c ("tcp: randomize tcp timestamp offsets for each connection") Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Reviewed-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de> Tested-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de> Cc: Yuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2017-03-09tcp: rename *_sequence_number() to *_seq_and_tsoff()Alexey Kodanev
The functions that are returning tcp sequence number also setup TS offset value, so rename them to better describe their purpose. No functional changes in this patch. Suggested-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: Alexey Kodanev <alexey.kodanev@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2016-12-02tcp: randomize tcp timestamp offsets for each connectionFlorian Westphal
jiffies based timestamps allow for easy inference of number of devices behind NAT translators and also makes tracking of hosts simpler. commit ceaa1fef65a7c2e ("tcp: adding a per-socket timestamp offset") added the main infrastructure that is needed for per-connection ts randomization, in particular writing/reading the on-wire tcp header format takes the offset into account so rest of stack can use normal tcp_time_stamp (jiffies). So only two items are left: - add a tsoffset for request sockets - extend the tcp isn generator to also return another 32bit number in addition to the ISN. Re-use of ISN generator also means timestamps are still monotonically increasing for same connection quadruple, i.e. PAWS will still work. Includes fixes from Eric Dumazet. Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de> Acked-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Acked-by: Yuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2014-06-02inetpeer: get rid of ip_id_countEric Dumazet
Ideally, we would need to generate IP ID using a per destination IP generator. linux kernels used inet_peer cache for this purpose, but this had a huge cost on servers disabling MTU discovery. 1) each inet_peer struct consumes 192 bytes 2) inetpeer cache uses a binary tree of inet_peer structs, with a nominal size of ~66000 elements under load. 3) lookups in this tree are hitting a lot of cache lines, as tree depth is about 20. 4) If server deals with many tcp flows, we have a high probability of not finding the inet_peer, allocating a fresh one, inserting it in the tree with same initial ip_id_count, (cf secure_ip_id()) 5) We garbage collect inet_peer aggressively. IP ID generation do not have to be 'perfect' Goal is trying to avoid duplicates in a short period of time, so that reassembly units have a chance to complete reassembly of fragments belonging to one message before receiving other fragments with a recycled ID. We simply use an array of generators, and a Jenkin hash using the dst IP as a key. ipv6_select_ident() is put back into net/ipv6/ip6_output.c where it belongs (it is only used from this file) secure_ip_id() and secure_ipv6_id() no longer are needed. Rename ip_select_ident_more() to ip_select_ident_segs() to avoid unnecessary decrement/increment of the number of segments. Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-10-01Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/netDavid S. Miller
Conflicts: drivers/net/ethernet/emulex/benet/be.h drivers/net/usb/qmi_wwan.c drivers/net/wireless/brcm80211/brcmfmac/dhd_bus.h include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_synproxy.h include/net/secure_seq.h The conflicts are of two varieties: 1) Conflicts with Joe Perches's 'extern' removal from header file function declarations. Usually it's an argument signature change or a function being added/removed. The resolutions are trivial. 2) Some overlapping changes in qmi_wwan.c and be.h, one commit adds a new value, another changes an existing value. That sort of thing. Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-09-28net: net_secret should not depend on TCPEric Dumazet
A host might need net_secret[] and never open a single socket. Problem added in commit aebda156a570782 ("net: defer net_secret[] initialization") Based on prior patch from Hannes Frederic Sowa. Reported-by: Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org> Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Acked-by: Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@strressinduktion.org> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-09-23secure_seq.h: Remove extern from function prototypesJoe Perches
There are a mix of function prototypes with and without extern in the kernel sources. Standardize on not using extern for function prototypes. Function prototypes don't need to be written with extern. extern is assumed by the compiler. Its use is as unnecessary as using auto to declare automatic/local variables in a block. Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-04-29net: defer net_secret[] initializationEric Dumazet
Instead of feeding net_secret[] at boot time, defer the init at the point first socket is created. This permits some platforms to use better entropy sources than the ones available at boot time. Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2011-10-21tcp: add const qualifiers where possibleEric Dumazet
Adding const qualifiers to pointers can ease code review, and spot some bugs. It might allow compiler to optimize code further. For example, is it legal to temporary write a null cksum into tcphdr in tcp_md5_hash_header() ? I am afraid a sniffer could catch the temporary null value... Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2011-08-06net: Compute protocol sequence numbers and fragment IDs using MD5.David S. Miller
Computers have become a lot faster since we compromised on the partial MD4 hash which we use currently for performance reasons. MD5 is a much safer choice, and is inline with both RFC1948 and other ISS generators (OpenBSD, Solaris, etc.) Furthermore, only having 24-bits of the sequence number be truly unpredictable is a very serious limitation. So the periodic regeneration and 8-bit counter have been removed. We compute and use a full 32-bit sequence number. For ipv6, DCCP was found to use a 32-bit truncated initial sequence number (it needs 43-bits) and that is fixed here as well. Reported-by: Dan Kaminsky <dan@doxpara.com> Tested-by: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>