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Currently btf_parse_fields is used in two places to create struct
btf_record's for structs: when looking at mapval type, and when looking
at any struct in program BTF. The former looks for kptr fields while the
latter does not. This patch modifies the btf_parse_fields call made when
looking at prog BTF struct types to search for kptrs as well.
Before this series there was no reason to search for kptrs in non-mapval
types: a referenced kptr needs some owner to guarantee resource cleanup,
and map values were the only owner that supported this. If a struct with
a kptr field were to have some non-kptr-aware owner, the kptr field
might not be properly cleaned up and result in resources leaking. Only
searching for kptr fields in mapval was a simple way to avoid this
problem.
In practice, though, searching for BPF_KPTR when populating
struct_meta_tab does not expose us to this risk, as struct_meta_tab is
only accessed through btf_find_struct_meta helper, and that helper is
only called in contexts where recognizing the kptr field is safe:
* PTR_TO_BTF_ID reg w/ MEM_ALLOC flag
* Such a reg is a local kptr and must be free'd via bpf_obj_drop,
which will correctly handle kptr field
* When handling specific kfuncs which either expect MEM_ALLOC input or
return MEM_ALLOC output (obj_{new,drop}, percpu_obj_{new,drop},
list+rbtree funcs, refcount_acquire)
* Will correctly handle kptr field for same reasons as above
* When looking at kptr pointee type
* Called by functions which implement "correct kptr resource
handling"
* In btf_check_and_fixup_fields
* Helper that ensures no ownership loops for lists and rbtrees,
doesn't care about kptr field existence
So we should be able to find BPF_KPTR fields in all prog BTF structs
without leaking resources.
Further patches in the series will build on this change to support
kptr_xchg into non-mapval local kptr. Without this change there would be
no kptr field found in such a type.
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Hou Tao <houtao1@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Marchevsky <davemarchevsky@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Amery Hung <amery.hung@bytedance.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240813212424.2871455-3-amery.hung@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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btf_parse_kptr() and btf_record_free() do btf_get() and btf_put()
respectively when working on btf_record in program and map if there are
kptr fields. If the kptr is from program BTF, since both callers has
already tracked the life cycle of program BTF, it is safe to remove the
btf_get() and btf_put().
This change prevents memory leak of program BTF later when we start
searching for kptr fields when building btf_record for program. It can
happen when the btf fd is closed. The btf_put() corresponding to the
btf_get() in btf_parse_kptr() was supposed to be called by
btf_record_free() in btf_free_struct_meta_tab() in btf_free(). However,
it will never happen since the invocation of btf_free() depends on the
refcount of the btf to become 0 in the first place.
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Hou Tao <houtao1@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Amery Hung <amery.hung@bytedance.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240813212424.2871455-2-amery.hung@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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In case of malformed relocation record of kind BPF_CORE_TYPE_ID_LOCAL
referencing a non-existing BTF type, function bpf_core_calc_relo_insn
would cause a null pointer deference.
Fix this by adding a proper check upper in call stack, as malformed
relocation records could be passed from user space.
Simplest reproducer is a program:
r0 = 0
exit
With a single relocation record:
.insn_off = 0, /* patch first instruction */
.type_id = 100500, /* this type id does not exist */
.access_str_off = 6, /* offset of string "0" */
.kind = BPF_CORE_TYPE_ID_LOCAL,
See the link for original reproducer or next commit for a test case.
Fixes: 74753e1462e7 ("libbpf: Replace btf__type_by_id() with btf_type_by_id().")
Reported-by: Liu RuiTong <cnitlrt@gmail.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/CAK55_s6do7C+DVwbwY_7nKfUz0YLDoiA1v6X3Y9+p0sWzipFSA@mail.gmail.com/
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240822080124.2995724-2-eddyz87@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Verifier enforces that all iterator structs are named `bpf_iter_<name>`
and that whenever iterator is passed to a kfunc it's passed as a valid PTR ->
STRUCT chain (with potentially const modifiers in between).
We'll need this check for upcoming changes, so instead of duplicating
the logic, extract it into a helper function.
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240808232230.2848712-2-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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These kfuncs are enabled even in BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACING, so they
should be safe also in BPF_CGROUP_* programs.
Since all BPF_CGROUP_* programs share the same hook,
call register_btf_kfunc_id_set() only once.
In enum btf_kfunc_hook, rename BTF_KFUNC_HOOK_CGROUP_SKB to a more
generic BTF_KFUNC_HOOK_CGROUP, since it's used for all the cgroup
related program types.
Signed-off-by: Matteo Croce <teknoraver@meta.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20240819162805.78235-2-technoboy85@gmail.com
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__btf_name_valid() can be completely replaced with
btf_name_valid_identifier, and since most of the time you already call
btf_name_valid_identifier instead of __btf_name_valid , it would be
appropriate to rename the __btf_name_valid function to
btf_name_valid_identifier and remove __btf_name_valid.
Signed-off-by: Jeongjun Park <aha310510@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Alan Maguire <alan.maguire@oracle.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20240807143110.181497-1-aha310510@gmail.com
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A bpf prog returning a positive number attached to file_alloc_security
hook makes kernel panic.
This happens because file system can not filter out the positive number
returned by the LSM prog using IS_ERR, and misinterprets this positive
number as a file pointer.
Given that hook file_alloc_security never returned positive number
before the introduction of BPF LSM, and other BPF LSM hooks may
encounter similar issues, this patch adds LSM return value check
in verifier, to ensure no unexpected value is returned.
Fixes: 520b7aa00d8c ("bpf: lsm: Initialize the BPF LSM hooks")
Reported-by: Xin Liu <liuxin350@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Xu Kuohai <xukuohai@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240719110059.797546-3-xukuohai@huaweicloud.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
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As reported by Mirsad [1] we still see format warnings in kernel/bpf/btf.o
at W=1 warning level:
CC kernel/bpf/btf.o
./kernel/bpf/btf.c: In function ‘btf_type_seq_show_flags’:
./kernel/bpf/btf.c:7553:21: warning: assignment left-hand side might be a candidate for a format attribute [-Wsuggest-attribute=format]
7553 | sseq.showfn = btf_seq_show;
| ^
./kernel/bpf/btf.c: In function ‘btf_type_snprintf_show’:
./kernel/bpf/btf.c:7604:31: warning: assignment left-hand side might be a candidate for a format attribute [-Wsuggest-attribute=format]
7604 | ssnprintf.show.showfn = btf_snprintf_show;
| ^
Combined with CONFIG_WERROR=y these can halt the build.
The fix (annotating the structure field with __printf())
suggested by Mirsad resolves these. Apologies I missed this last time.
No other W=1 warnings were observed in kernel/bpf after this fix.
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/92c9d047-f058-400c-9c7d-81d4dc1ef71b@gmail.com/
Fixes: b3470da314fd ("bpf: annotate BTF show functions with __printf")
Reported-by: Mirsad Todorovac <mtodorovac69@gmail.com>
Suggested-by: Mirsad Todorovac <mtodorovac69@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Alan Maguire <alan.maguire@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20240712092859.1390960-1-alan.maguire@oracle.com
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-Werror=suggest-attribute=format warns about two functions
in kernel/bpf/btf.c [1]; add __printf() annotations to silence
these warnings since for CONFIG_WERROR=y they will trigger
build failures.
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/a8b20c72-6631-4404-9e1f-0410642d7d20@gmail.com/
Fixes: 31d0bc81637d ("bpf: Move to generic BTF show support, apply it to seq files/strings")
Reported-by: Mirsad Todorovac <mtodorovac69@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Alan Maguire <alan.maguire@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Mirsad Todorovac <mtodorovac69@yahoo.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240711182321.963667-1-alan.maguire@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Kernel test robot reports that kernel build fails with
resilient split BTF changes.
Examining the associated config and code we see that
btf_relocate_id() is defined under CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF_MODULES.
Moving it outside the #ifdef solves the issue.
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202406221742.d2srFLVI-lkp@intel.com/
Signed-off-by: Alan Maguire <alan.maguire@oracle.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240623135224.27981-1-alan.maguire@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Share relocation implementation with the kernel. As part of this,
we also need the type/string iteration functions so also share
btf_iter.c file. Relocation code in kernel and userspace is identical
save for the impementation of the reparenting of split BTF to the
relocated base BTF and retrieval of the BTF header from "struct btf";
these small functions need separate user-space and kernel implementations
for the separate "struct btf"s they operate upon.
One other wrinkle on the kernel side is we have to map .BTF.ids in
modules as they were generated with the type ids used at BTF encoding
time. btf_relocate() optionally returns an array mapping from old BTF
ids to relocated ids, so we use that to fix up these references where
needed for kfuncs.
Signed-off-by: Alan Maguire <alan.maguire@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20240620091733.1967885-5-alan.maguire@oracle.com
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Currently, if a kfunc accepts a projection type as an argument (eg
struct __sk_buff *), the caller must exactly provide exactly the same
type with provable provenance.
However in practice, kfuncs that accept projection types _must_ cast to
the underlying type before use b/c projection type layouts are
completely made up. Thus, it is ok to relax the verifier rules around
implicit conversions.
We will use this functionality in the next commit when we align kfuncs
to user-facing types.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Xu <dxu@dxuuu.xyz>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/e2c025cb09ccfd4af1ec9e18284dc3cecff7514d.1718207789.git.dxu@dxuuu.xyz
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Limit the number of levels looking into struct types to avoid running out
of stack space.
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Kui-Feng Lee <thinker.li@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240523174202.461236-7-thinker.li@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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The verifier has field information for specific special types, such as
kptr, rbtree root, and list head. These types are handled
differently. However, we did not previously examine the types of fields of
a struct type variable. Field information records were not generated for
the kptrs, rbtree roots, and linked_list heads that are not located at the
outermost struct type of a variable.
For example,
struct A {
struct task_struct __kptr * task;
};
struct B {
struct A mem_a;
}
struct B var_b;
It did not examine "struct A" so as not to generate field information for
the kptr in "struct A" for "var_b".
This patch enables BPF programs to define fields of these special types in
a struct type other than the direct type of a variable or in a struct type
that is the type of a field in the value type of a map.
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Kui-Feng Lee <thinker.li@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240523174202.461236-6-thinker.li@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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The verifier uses field information for certain special types, such as
kptr, rbtree root, and list head. These types are treated
differently. However, we did not previously support these types in
arrays. This update examines arrays and duplicates field information the
same number of times as the length of the array if the element type is one
of the special types.
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Kui-Feng Lee <thinker.li@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240523174202.461236-5-thinker.li@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Move common code of the two functions to btf_find_field_one().
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Kui-Feng Lee <thinker.li@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240523174202.461236-4-thinker.li@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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field->size has been initialized by bpf_parse_fields() with the value
returned by btf_field_type_size(). Use it instead of calling
btf_field_type_size() again.
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Kui-Feng Lee <thinker.li@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240523174202.461236-3-thinker.li@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Adding struct bpf_session_run_ctx object to hold session related
data, which is atm is_return bool and data pointer coming in
following changes.
Placing bpf_session_run_ctx layer in between bpf_run_ctx and
bpf_kprobe_multi_run_ctx so the session data can be retrieved
regardless of if it's kprobe_multi or uprobe_multi link, which
support is coming in future. This way both kprobe_multi and
uprobe_multi can use same kfuncs to access the session data.
Adding bpf_session_is_return kfunc that returns true if the
bpf program is executed from the exit probe of the kprobe multi
link attached in wrapper mode. It returns false otherwise.
Adding new kprobe hook for kprobe program type.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20240430112830.1184228-3-jolsa@kernel.org
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Mostly a copy/paste from the bpf_timer API, without the initialization
and free, as they will be done in a separate patch.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <bentiss@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240420-bpf_wq-v2-5-6c986a5a741f@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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If the BTF code is enabled in the build configuration, the start/stop
BTF markers are guaranteed to exist. Only when CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF=n,
the references in btf_parse_vmlinux() will remain unsatisfied, relying
on the weak linkage of the external references to avoid breaking the
build.
Avoid GOT based relocations to these markers in the final executable by
dropping the weak attribute and instead, make btf_parse_vmlinux() return
ERR_PTR(-ENOENT) directly if CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF is not enabled to
begin with. The compiler will drop any subsequent references to
__start_BTF and __stop_BTF in that case, allowing the link to succeed.
Note that Clang will notice that taking the address of __start_BTF can
no longer yield NULL, so testing for that condition becomes unnecessary.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20240415162041.2491523-8-ardb+git@google.com
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In global bpf functions recognize btf_decl_tag("arg:arena") as PTR_TO_ARENA.
Note, when the verifier sees:
__weak void foo(struct bar *p)
it recognizes 'p' as PTR_TO_MEM and 'struct bar' has to be a struct with scalars.
Hence the only way to use arena pointers in global functions is to tag them with "arg:arena".
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20240308010812.89848-7-alexei.starovoitov@gmail.com
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The intent is to allow libbpf to use SEC("?.struct_ops") to identify
struct_ops maps that are optional, e.g. like in the following BPF code:
SEC("?.struct_ops")
struct test_ops optional_map = { ... };
Which yields the following BTF:
...
[13] DATASEC '?.struct_ops' size=0 vlen=...
...
To load such BTF libbpf rewrites DATASEC name before load.
After this patch the rewrite won't be necessary.
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20240306104529.6453-15-eddyz87@gmail.com
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For program types that don't have named context type name (e.g., BPF
iterator programs or tracepoint programs), ctx_tname will be a non-NULL
empty string. For such programs it shouldn't be possible to have
PTR_TO_CTX argument for global subprogs based on type name alone.
arg:ctx tag is the only way to have PTR_TO_CTX passed into global
subprog for such program types.
Fix this loophole, which currently would assume PTR_TO_CTX whenever
user uses a pointer to anonymous struct as an argument to their global
subprogs. This happens in practice with the following (quite common, in
practice) approach:
typedef struct { /* anonymous */
int x;
} my_type_t;
int my_subprog(my_type_t *arg) { ... }
User's intent is to have PTR_TO_MEM argument for `arg`, but verifier
will complain about expecting PTR_TO_CTX.
This fix also closes unintended s390x-specific KPROBE handling of
PTR_TO_CTX case. Selftest change is necessary to accommodate this.
Fixes: 91cc1a99740e ("bpf: Annotate context types")
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240212233221.2575350-4-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Expected canonical argument type for global function arguments
representing PTR_TO_CTX is `bpf_user_pt_regs_t *ctx`. This currently
works on s390x by accident because kernel resolves such typedef to
underlying struct (which is anonymous on s390x), and erroneously
accepting it as expected context type. We are fixing this problem next,
which would break s390x arch, so we need to handle `bpf_user_pt_regs_t`
case explicitly for KPROBE programs.
Fixes: 91cc1a99740e ("bpf: Annotate context types")
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240212233221.2575350-3-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Return result of btf_get_prog_ctx_type() is never used and callers only
check NULL vs non-NULL case to determine if given type matches expected
PTR_TO_CTX type. So rename function to `btf_is_prog_ctx_type()` and
return a simple true/false. We'll use this simpler interface to handle
kprobe program type's special typedef case in the next patch.
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240212233221.2575350-2-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Collect argument information from the type information of stub functions to
mark arguments of BPF struct_ops programs with PTR_MAYBE_NULL if they are
nullable. A nullable argument is annotated by suffixing "__nullable" at
the argument name of stub function.
For nullable arguments, this patch sets a struct bpf_ctx_arg_aux to label
their reg_type with PTR_TO_BTF_ID | PTR_TRUSTED | PTR_MAYBE_NULL. This
makes the verifier to check programs and ensure that they properly check
the pointer. The programs should check if the pointer is null before
accessing the pointed memory.
The implementer of a struct_ops type should annotate the arguments that can
be null. The implementer should define a stub function (empty) as a
placeholder for each defined operator. The name of a stub function should
be in the pattern "<st_op_type>__<operator name>". For example, for
test_maybe_null of struct bpf_testmod_ops, it's stub function name should
be "bpf_testmod_ops__test_maybe_null". You mark an argument nullable by
suffixing the argument name with "__nullable" at the stub function.
Since we already has stub functions for kCFI, we just reuse these stub
functions with the naming convention mentioned earlier. These stub
functions with the naming convention is only required if there are nullable
arguments to annotate. For functions having not nullable arguments, stub
functions are not necessary for the purpose of this patch.
This patch will prepare a list of struct bpf_ctx_arg_aux, aka arg_info, for
each member field of a struct_ops type. "arg_info" will be assigned to
"prog->aux->ctx_arg_info" of BPF struct_ops programs in
check_struct_ops_btf_id() so that it can be used by btf_ctx_access() later
to set reg_type properly for the verifier.
Signed-off-by: Kui-Feng Lee <thinker.li@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240209023750.1153905-4-thinker.li@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@kernel.org>
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Move __kfunc_param_match_suffix() to btf.c and rename it as
btf_param_match_suffix(). It can be reused by bpf_struct_ops later.
Signed-off-by: Kui-Feng Lee <thinker.li@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240209023750.1153905-3-thinker.li@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@kernel.org>
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Enable the providers to use types defined in a module instead of in the
kernel (btf_vmlinux).
Signed-off-by: Kui-Feng Lee <thinker.li@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240209023750.1153905-2-thinker.li@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@kernel.org>
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Similar to the handling in the functions __register_btf_kfunc_id_set()
and register_btf_id_dtor_kfuncs(), this patch uses the newly added
helper check_btf_kconfigs() to handle module with its btf section
stripped.
While at it, the patch also adds the missed IS_ERR() check to fix the
commit f6be98d19985 ("bpf, net: switch to dynamic registration")
Fixes: f6be98d19985 ("bpf, net: switch to dynamic registration")
Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <tanggeliang@kylinos.cn>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/69082b9835463fe36f9e354bddf2d0a97df39c2b.1707373307.git.tanggeliang@kylinos.cn
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@kernel.org>
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This patch extracts duplicate code on error path when btf_get_module_btf()
returns NULL from the functions __register_btf_kfunc_id_set() and
register_btf_id_dtor_kfuncs() into a new helper named check_btf_kconfigs()
to check CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF and CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF_MODULES in it.
Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <tanggeliang@kylinos.cn>
Acked-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/fa5537fc55f1e4d0bfd686598c81b7ab9dbd82b7.1707373307.git.tanggeliang@kylinos.cn
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@kernel.org>
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The same as __register_btf_kfunc_id_set(), to let the modules with
stripped btf section loaded, this patch changes the return value of
register_btf_id_dtor_kfuncs() too from -ENOENT to 0 when btf is NULL.
Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <tanggeliang@kylinos.cn>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/eab65586d7fb0e72f2707d3747c7d4a5d60c823f.1707373307.git.tanggeliang@kylinos.cn
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@kernel.org>
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When btf_prepare_func_args() was generalized to handle both static and
global subprogs, a few warnings/errors that are meant only for global
subprog cases started to be emitted for static subprogs, where they are
sort of expected and irrelavant.
Stop polutting verifier logs with irrelevant scary-looking messages.
Fixes: e26080d0da87 ("bpf: prepare btf_prepare_func_args() for handling static subprogs")
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240202190529.2374377-4-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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This commit marks kfuncs as such inside the .BTF_ids section. The upshot
of these annotations is that we'll be able to automatically generate
kfunc prototypes for downstream users. The process is as follows:
1. In source, use BTF_KFUNCS_START/END macro pair to mark kfuncs
2. During build, pahole injects into BTF a "bpf_kfunc" BTF_DECL_TAG for
each function inside BTF_KFUNCS sets
3. At runtime, vmlinux or module BTF is made available in sysfs
4. At runtime, bpftool (or similar) can look at provided BTF and
generate appropriate prototypes for functions with "bpf_kfunc" tag
To ensure future kfunc are similarly tagged, we now also return error
inside kfunc registration for untagged kfuncs. For vmlinux kfuncs,
we also WARN(), as initcall machinery does not handle errors.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Xu <dxu@dxuuu.xyz>
Acked-by: Benjamin Tissoires <bentiss@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/e55150ceecbf0a5d961e608941165c0bee7bc943.1706491398.git.dxu@dxuuu.xyz
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Add ability to mark arg:trusted arguments with optional arg:nullable
tag to mark it as PTR_TO_BTF_ID_OR_NULL variant, which will allow
callers to pass NULL, and subsequently will force global subprog's code
to do NULL check. This allows to have "optional" PTR_TO_BTF_ID values
passed into global subprogs.
For now arg:nullable cannot be combined with anything else.
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240130000648.2144827-3-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Add support for passing PTR_TO_BTF_ID registers to global subprogs.
Currently only PTR_TRUSTED flavor of PTR_TO_BTF_ID is supported.
Non-NULL semantics is assumed, so caller will be forced to prove
PTR_TO_BTF_ID can't be NULL.
Note, we disallow global subprogs to destroy passed in PTR_TO_BTF_ID
arguments, even the trusted one. We achieve that by not setting
ref_obj_id when validating subprog code. This basically enforces (in
Rust terms) borrowing semantics vs move semantics. Borrowing semantics
seems to be a better fit for isolated global subprog validation
approach.
Implementation-wise, we utilize existing logic for matching
user-provided BTF type to kernel-side BTF type, used by BPF CO-RE logic
and following same matching rules. We enforce a unique match for types.
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240130000648.2144827-2-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Now that bpf and bpf-next trees converged and we don't run the risk of
merge conflicts, move btf_validate_prog_ctx_type() into its most logical
place inside the main logic loop.
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240125205510.3642094-4-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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The module requires the use of btf_ctx_access() to invoke
bpf_tracing_btf_ctx_access() from a module. This function is valuable for
implementing validation functions that ensure proper access to ctx.
Signed-off-by: Kui-Feng Lee <thinker.li@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240119225005.668602-14-thinker.li@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@kernel.org>
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Replace the static list of struct_ops types with per-btf struct_ops_tab to
enable dynamic registration.
Both bpf_dummy_ops and bpf_tcp_ca now utilize the registration function
instead of being listed in bpf_struct_ops_types.h.
Cc: netdev@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Kui-Feng Lee <thinker.li@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240119225005.668602-12-thinker.li@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@kernel.org>
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Maintain a registry of registered struct_ops types in the per-btf (module)
struct_ops_tab. This registry allows for easy lookup of struct_ops types
that are registered by a specific module.
It is a preparation work for supporting kernel module struct_ops in a
latter patch. Each struct_ops will be registered under its own kernel
module btf and will be stored in the newly added btf->struct_ops_tab. The
bpf verifier and bpf syscall (e.g. prog and map cmd) can find the
struct_ops and its btf type/size/id... information from
btf->struct_ops_tab.
Signed-off-by: Kui-Feng Lee <thinker.li@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240119225005.668602-5-thinker.li@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@kernel.org>
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Move the majority of the code to bpf_struct_ops_init_one(), which can then
be utilized for the initialization of newly registered dynamically
allocated struct_ops types in the following patches.
Signed-off-by: Kui-Feng Lee <thinker.li@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240119225005.668602-2-thinker.li@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@kernel.org>
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Add ability to iterate multiple decl_tag types pointed to the same
function argument. Use this to support multiple __arg_xxx tags per
global subprog argument.
We leave btf_find_decl_tag_value() intact, but change its implementation
to use a new btf_find_next_decl_tag() which can be straightforwardly
used to find next BTF type ID of a matching btf_decl_tag type.
btf_prepare_func_args() is switched from btf_find_decl_tag_value() to
btf_find_next_decl_tag() to gain multiple tags per argument support.
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240105000909.2818934-5-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Add btf_arg_tag flags enum to be able to record multiple tags per
argument. Also streamline pointer argument processing some more.
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240105000909.2818934-4-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Move scalar arg processing in btf_prepare_func_args() after all pointer
arg processing is done. This makes it easier to do validation. One
example of unintended behavior right now is ability to specify
__arg_nonnull for integer/enum arguments. This patch fixes this.
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240105000909.2818934-3-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Add enforcement of expected types for context arguments tagged with
arg:ctx (__arg_ctx) tag.
First, any program type will accept generic `void *` context type when
combined with __arg_ctx tag.
Besides accepting "canonical" struct names and `void *`, for a bunch of
program types for which program context is actually a named struct, we
allows a bunch of pragmatic exceptions to match real-world and expected
usage:
- for both kprobes and perf_event we allow `bpf_user_pt_regs_t *` as
canonical context argument type, where `bpf_user_pt_regs_t` is a
*typedef*, not a struct;
- for kprobes, we also always accept `struct pt_regs *`, as that's what
actually is passed as a context to any kprobe program;
- for perf_event, we resolve typedefs (unless it's `bpf_user_pt_regs_t`)
down to actual struct type and accept `struct pt_regs *`, or
`struct user_pt_regs *`, or `struct user_regs_struct *`, depending
on the actual struct type kernel architecture points `bpf_user_pt_regs_t`
typedef to; otherwise, canonical `struct bpf_perf_event_data *` is
expected;
- for raw_tp/raw_tp.w programs, `u64/long *` are accepted, as that's
what's expected with BPF_PROG() usage; otherwise, canonical
`struct bpf_raw_tracepoint_args *` is expected;
- tp_btf supports both `struct bpf_raw_tracepoint_args *` and `u64 *`
formats, both are coded as expections as tp_btf is actually a TRACING
program type, which has no canonical context type;
- iterator programs accept `struct bpf_iter__xxx *` structs, currently
with no further iterator-type specific enforcement;
- fentry/fexit/fmod_ret/lsm/struct_ops all accept `u64 *`;
- classic tracepoint programs, as well as syscall and freplace
programs allow any user-provided type.
In all other cases kernel will enforce exact match of struct name to
expected canonical type. And if user-provided type doesn't match that
expectation, verifier will emit helpful message with expected type name.
Note a bit unnatural way the check is done after processing all the
arguments. This is done to avoid conflict between bpf and bpf-next
trees. Once trees converge, a small follow up patch will place a simple
btf_validate_prog_ctx_type() check into a proper ARG_PTR_TO_CTX branch
(which bpf-next tree patch refactored already), removing duplicated
arg:ctx detection logic.
Suggested-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240118033143.3384355-4-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Refactor btf_get_prog_ctx_type() a bit to allow reuse of
bpf_ctx_convert_map logic in more than one places. Simplify interface by
returning btf_type instead of btf_member (field reference in BTF).
To do the above we need to touch and start untangling
btf_translate_to_vmlinux() implementation. We do the bare minimum to
not regress anything for btf_translate_to_vmlinux(), but its
implementation is very questionable for what it claims to be doing.
Mapping kfunc argument types to kernel corresponding types conceptually
is quite different from recognizing program context types. Fixing this
is out of scope for this change though.
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240118033143.3384355-3-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Add ability to pass a pointer to dynptr into global functions.
This allows to have global subprogs that accept and work with generic
dynptrs that are created by caller. Dynptr argument is detected based on
the name of a struct type, if it's "bpf_dynptr", it's assumed to be
a proper dynptr pointer. Both actual struct and forward struct
declaration types are supported.
This is conceptually exactly the same semantics as
bpf_user_ringbuf_drain()'s use of dynptr to pass a variable-sized
pointer to ringbuf record. So we heavily rely on CONST_PTR_TO_DYNPTR
bits of already existing logic in the verifier.
During global subprog validation, we mark such CONST_PTR_TO_DYNPTR as
having LOCAL type, as that's the most unassuming type of dynptr and it
doesn't have any special helpers that can try to free or acquire extra
references (unlike skb, xdp, or ringbuf dynptr). So that seems like a safe
"choice" to make from correctness standpoint. It's still possible to
pass any type of dynptr to such subprog, though, because generic dynptr
helpers, like getting data/slice pointers, read/write memory copying
routines, dynptr adjustment and getter routines all work correctly with
any type of dynptr.
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231215011334.2307144-8-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Add support for annotating global BPF subprog arguments to provide more
information about expected semantics of the argument. Currently,
verifier relies purely on argument's BTF type information, and supports
three general use cases: scalar, pointer-to-context, and
pointer-to-fixed-size-memory.
Scalar and pointer-to-fixed-mem work well in practice and are quite
natural to use. But pointer-to-context is a bit problematic, as typical
BPF users don't realize that they need to use a special type name to
signal to verifier that argument is not just some pointer, but actually
a PTR_TO_CTX. Further, even if users do know which type to use, it is
limiting in situations where the same BPF program logic is used across
few different program types. Common case is kprobes, tracepoints, and
perf_event programs having a helper to send some data over BPF perf
buffer. bpf_perf_event_output() requires `ctx` argument, and so it's
quite cumbersome to share such global subprog across few BPF programs of
different types, necessitating extra static subprog that is context
type-agnostic.
Long story short, there is a need to go beyond types and allow users to
add hints to global subprog arguments to define expectations.
This patch adds such support for two initial special tags:
- pointer to context;
- non-null qualifier for generic pointer arguments.
All of the above came up in practice already and seem generally useful
additions. Non-null qualifier is an often requested feature, which
currently has to be worked around by having unnecessary NULL checks
inside subprogs even if we know that arguments are never NULL. Pointer
to context was discussed earlier.
As for implementation, we utilize btf_decl_tag attribute and set up an
"arg:xxx" convention to specify argument hint. As such:
- btf_decl_tag("arg:ctx") is a PTR_TO_CTX hint;
- btf_decl_tag("arg:nonnull") marks pointer argument as not allowed to
be NULL, making NULL check inside global subprog unnecessary.
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231215011334.2307144-7-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Subprog call logic in btf_check_subprog_call() currently has both a lot
of BTF parsing logic (which is, presumably, what justified putting it
into btf.c), but also a bunch of register state checks, some of each
utilize deep verifier logic helpers, necessarily exported from
verifier.c: check_ptr_off_reg(), check_func_arg_reg_off(),
and check_mem_reg().
Going forward, btf_check_subprog_call() will have a minimum of
BTF-related logic, but will get more internal verifier logic related to
register state manipulation. So move it into verifier.c to minimize
amount of verifier-specific logic exposed to btf.c.
We do this move before refactoring btf_check_func_arg_match() to
preserve as much history post-refactoring as possible.
No functional changes.
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231215011334.2307144-5-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Generalize btf_prepare_func_args() to support both global and static
subprogs. We are going to utilize this property in the next patch,
reusing btf_prepare_func_args() for subprog call logic instead of
reparsing BTF information in a completely separate implementation.
btf_prepare_func_args() now detects whether subprog is global or static
makes slight logic adjustments for static func cases, like not failing
fatally (-EFAULT) for conditions that are allowable for static subprogs.
Somewhat subtle (but major!) difference is the handling of pointer arguments.
Both global and static functions need to handle special context
arguments (which are pointers to predefined type names), but static
subprogs give up on any other pointers, falling back to marking subprog
as "unreliable", disabling the use of BTF type information altogether.
For global functions, though, we are assuming that such pointers to
unrecognized types are just pointers to fixed-sized memory region (or
error out if size cannot be established, like for `void *` pointers).
This patch accommodates these small differences and sets up a stage for
refactoring in the next patch, eliminating a separate BTF-based parsing
logic in btf_check_func_arg_match().
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231215011334.2307144-4-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Instead of btf_check_subprog_arg_match(), use btf_prepare_func_args()
logic to validate "trustworthiness" of main BPF program's BTF information,
if it is present.
We ignored results of original BTF check anyway, often times producing
confusing and ominously-sounding "reg type unsupported for arg#0
function" message, which has no apparent effect on program correctness
and verification process.
All the -EFAULT returning sanity checks are already performed in
check_btf_info_early(), so there is zero reason to have this duplication
of logic between btf_check_subprog_call() and btf_check_subprog_arg_match().
Dropping btf_check_subprog_arg_match() simplifies
btf_check_func_arg_match() further removing `bool processing_call` flag.
One subtle bit that was done by btf_check_subprog_arg_match() was
potentially marking main program's BTF as unreliable. We do this
explicitly now with a dedicated simple check, preserving the original
behavior, but now based on well factored btf_prepare_func_args() logic.
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231215011334.2307144-3-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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