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path: root/kernel/trace/trace_functions_graph.c
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2020-03-19ring-buffer: Rename ring_buffer_read() to read_buffer_iter_advance()Steven Rostedt (VMware)
When the ring buffer was first created, the iterator followed the normal producer/consumer operations where it had both a peek() operation, that just returned the event at the current location, and a read(), that would return the event at the current location and also increment the iterator such that the next peek() or read() will return the next event. The only use of the ring_buffer_read() is currently to move the iterator to the next location and nothing now actually reads the event it returns. Rename this function to its actual use case to ring_buffer_iter_advance(), which also adds the "iter" part to the name, which is more meaningful. As the timestamp returned by ring_buffer_read() was never used, there's no reason that this new version should bother having returning it. It will also become a void function. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200317213416.018928618@goodmis.org Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2020-01-13tracing: Make struct ring_buffer less ambiguousSteven Rostedt (VMware)
As there's two struct ring_buffers in the kernel, it causes some confusion. The other one being the perf ring buffer. It was agreed upon that as neither of the ring buffers are generic enough to be used globally, they should be renamed as: perf's ring_buffer -> perf_buffer ftrace's ring_buffer -> trace_buffer This implements the changes to the ring buffer that ftrace uses. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20191213140531.116b3200@gandalf.local.home Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2020-01-13tracing: Rename trace_buffer to array_bufferSteven Rostedt (VMware)
As we are working to remove the generic "ring_buffer" name that is used by both tracing and perf, the ring_buffer name for tracing will be renamed to trace_buffer, and perf's ring buffer will be renamed to perf_buffer. As there already exists a trace_buffer that is used by the trace_arrays, it needs to be first renamed to array_buffer. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20191213153553.GE20583@krava Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2019-07-30fgraph: Remove redundant ftrace_graph_notrace_addr() testChangbin Du
We already have tested it before. The second one should be removed. With this change, the performance should have little improvement. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190730140850.7927-1-changbin.du@gmail.com Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: 9cd2992f2d6c ("fgraph: Have set_graph_notrace only affect function_graph tracer") Signed-off-by: Changbin Du <changbin.du@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2019-02-06tracing: Put a margin between flags and duration for wakeup tracersChangbin Du
Don't mix context flags with function duration info. Instead of this: # tracer: wakeup_rt # # wakeup_rt latency trace v1.1.5 on 5.0.0-rc1-test+ # -------------------------------------------------------------------- # latency: 177 us, #545/545, CPU#0 | (M:preempt VP:0, KP:0, SP:0 HP:0 #P:8) # ----------------- # | task: migration/0-11 (uid:0 nice:0 policy:1 rt_prio:99) # ----------------- # # _-----=> irqs-off # / _----=> need-resched # | / _---=> hardirq/softirq # || / _--=> preempt-depth # ||| / # REL TIME CPU TASK/PID |||| DURATION FUNCTION CALLS # | | | | |||| | | | | | | 0 us | 0) <idle>-0 | dNh5 | /* 0:120:R + [000] 11: 0:R migration/0 */ 2 us | 0) <idle>-0 | dNh5 0.000 us | (null)(); 4 us | 0) <idle>-0 | dNh4 | _raw_spin_unlock() { 4 us | 0) <idle>-0 | dNh4 0.304 us | preempt_count_sub(); 5 us | 0) <idle>-0 | dNh3 1.063 us | } 5 us | 0) <idle>-0 | dNh3 0.266 us | ttwu_stat(); 6 us | 0) <idle>-0 | dNh3 | _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore() { 6 us | 0) <idle>-0 | dNh3 0.273 us | preempt_count_sub(); 6 us | 0) <idle>-0 | dNh2 0.818 us | } Show this: # tracer: wakeup # # wakeup latency trace v1.1.5 on 4.20.0+ # -------------------------------------------------------------------- # latency: 593 us, #674/674, CPU#0 | (M:desktop VP:0, KP:0, SP:0 HP:0 #P:4) # ----------------- # | task: kworker/0:1H-339 (uid:0 nice:-20 policy:0 rt_prio:0) # ----------------- # # _-----=> irqs-off # / _----=> need-resched # | / _---=> hardirq/softirq # || / _--=> preempt-depth # ||| / # REL TIME CPU TASK/PID |||| DURATION FUNCTION CALLS # | | | | |||| | | | | | | 0 us | 0) <idle>-0 | dNs. | | /* 0:120:R + [000] 339:100:R kworker/0:1H */ 3 us | 0) <idle>-0 | dNs. | 0.000 us | (null)(); 67 us | 0) <idle>-0 | dNs. | 0.721 us | ttwu_stat(); 69 us | 0) <idle>-0 | dNs. | 0.607 us | _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(); 71 us | 0) <idle>-0 | .Ns. | 0.598 us | _raw_spin_lock_irq(); 72 us | 0) <idle>-0 | .Ns. | 0.584 us | _raw_spin_lock_irq(); 73 us | 0) <idle>-0 | dNs. | + 11.118 us | __next_timer_interrupt(); 75 us | 0) <idle>-0 | dNs. | | call_timer_fn() { 76 us | 0) <idle>-0 | dNs. | | delayed_work_timer_fn() { 76 us | 0) <idle>-0 | dNs. | | __queue_work() { ... Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190101154614.8887-4-changbin.du@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Changbin Du <changbin.du@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2019-02-06function_graph: Support displaying relative timestampChangbin Du
When function_graph is used for latency tracers, relative timestamp is more straightforward than absolute timestamp as function trace does. This change adds relative timestamp support to function_graph and applies to latency tracers (wakeup and irqsoff). Instead of: # tracer: irqsoff # # irqsoff latency trace v1.1.5 on 5.0.0-rc1-test # -------------------------------------------------------------------- # latency: 521 us, #1125/1125, CPU#2 | (M:preempt VP:0, KP:0, SP:0 HP:0 #P:8) # ----------------- # | task: swapper/2-0 (uid:0 nice:0 policy:0 rt_prio:0) # ----------------- # => started at: __schedule # => ended at: _raw_spin_unlock_irq # # # _-----=> irqs-off # / _----=> need-resched # | / _---=> hardirq/softirq # || / _--=> preempt-depth # ||| / # TIME CPU TASK/PID |||| DURATION FUNCTION CALLS # | | | | |||| | | | | | | 124.974306 | 2) systemd-693 | d..1 0.000 us | __schedule(); 124.974307 | 2) systemd-693 | d..1 | rcu_note_context_switch() { 124.974308 | 2) systemd-693 | d..1 0.487 us | rcu_preempt_deferred_qs(); 124.974309 | 2) systemd-693 | d..1 0.451 us | rcu_qs(); 124.974310 | 2) systemd-693 | d..1 2.301 us | } [..] 124.974826 | 2) <idle>-0 | d..2 | finish_task_switch() { 124.974826 | 2) <idle>-0 | d..2 | _raw_spin_unlock_irq() { 124.974827 | 2) <idle>-0 | d..2 0.000 us | _raw_spin_unlock_irq(); 124.974828 | 2) <idle>-0 | d..2 0.000 us | tracer_hardirqs_on(); <idle>-0 2d..2 552us : <stack trace> => __schedule => schedule_idle => do_idle => cpu_startup_entry => start_secondary => secondary_startup_64 Show: # tracer: irqsoff # # irqsoff latency trace v1.1.5 on 5.0.0-rc1-test+ # -------------------------------------------------------------------- # latency: 511 us, #1053/1053, CPU#7 | (M:preempt VP:0, KP:0, SP:0 HP:0 #P:8) # ----------------- # | task: swapper/7-0 (uid:0 nice:0 policy:0 rt_prio:0) # ----------------- # => started at: __schedule # => ended at: _raw_spin_unlock_irq # # # _-----=> irqs-off # / _----=> need-resched # | / _---=> hardirq/softirq # || / _--=> preempt-depth # ||| / # REL TIME CPU TASK/PID |||| DURATION FUNCTION CALLS # | | | | |||| | | | | | | 0 us | 7) sshd-1704 | d..1 0.000 us | __schedule(); 1 us | 7) sshd-1704 | d..1 | rcu_note_context_switch() { 1 us | 7) sshd-1704 | d..1 0.611 us | rcu_preempt_deferred_qs(); 2 us | 7) sshd-1704 | d..1 0.484 us | rcu_qs(); 3 us | 7) sshd-1704 | d..1 2.599 us | } [..] 509 us | 7) <idle>-0 | d..2 | finish_task_switch() { 510 us | 7) <idle>-0 | d..2 | _raw_spin_unlock_irq() { 510 us | 7) <idle>-0 | d..2 0.000 us | _raw_spin_unlock_irq(); 512 us | 7) <idle>-0 | d..2 0.000 us | tracer_hardirqs_on(); <idle>-0 7d..2 543us : <stack trace> => __schedule => schedule_idle => do_idle => cpu_startup_entry => start_secondary => secondary_startup_64 Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190101154614.8887-2-changbin.du@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Changbin Du <changbin.du@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2018-12-08function_graph: Move ftrace_graph_ret_addr() to fgraph.cSteven Rostedt (VMware)
Move the function function_graph_ret_addr() to fgraph.c, as the management of the curr_ret_stack is going to change, and all the accesses to ret_stack needs to be done in fgraph.c. Reviewed-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2018-12-08fgraph: Add new fgraph_ops structure to enable function graph hooksSteven Rostedt (VMware)
Currently the registering of function graph is to pass in a entry and return function. We need to have a way to associate those functions together where the entry can determine to run the return hook. Having a structure that contains both functions will facilitate the process of converting the code to be able to do such. This is similar to the way function hooks are enabled (it passes in ftrace_ops). Instead of passing in the functions to use, a single structure is passed in to the registering function. The unregister function is now passed in the fgraph_ops handle. When we allow more than one callback to the function graph hooks, this will let the system know which one to remove. Reviewed-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2018-12-08function_graph: Do not expose the graph_time option when profiler is not ↵Steven Rostedt (VMware)
configured When the function profiler is not configured, the "graph_time" option is meaningless, as the function profiler is the only thing that makes use of it. Do not expose it if the profiler is not configured. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181123061133.GA195223@google.com Reported-by: Joel Fernandes <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2018-12-08function_graph: Remove the use of FTRACE_NOTRACE_DEPTHSteven Rostedt (VMware)
The curr_ret_stack is no longer set to a negative value when a function is not to be traced by the function graph tracer. Remove the usage of FTRACE_NOTRACE_DEPTH, as it is no longer needed. Reviewed-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2018-11-29fgraph: Have set_graph_notrace only affect function_graph tracerSteven Rostedt (VMware)
In order to make the function graph infrastructure more generic, there can not be code specific for the function_graph tracer in the generic code. This includes the set_graph_notrace logic, that stops all graph calls when a function in the set_graph_notrace is hit. By using the trace_recursion mask, we can use a bit in the current task_struct to implement the notrace code, and move the logic out of fgraph.c and into trace_functions_graph.c and keeps it affecting only the tracer and not all call graph callbacks. Acked-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2018-11-29fgraph: Create a fgraph.c file to store function graph infrastructureSteven Rostedt (VMware)
As the function graph infrastructure can be used by thing other than tracing, moving the code to its own file out of the trace_functions_graph.c code makes more sense. The fgraph.c file will only contain the infrastructure required to hook into functions and their return code. Reviewed-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2018-11-29tracing: Do not line wrap short line in function_graph_enter()Steven Rostedt (VMware)
Commit 588ca1786f2dd ("function_graph: Use new curr_ret_depth to manage depth instead of curr_ret_stack") removed a parameter from the call ftrace_push_return_trace() that made it so that the entire call was under 80 characters, but it did not remove the line break. There's no reason to break that line up, so make it a single line. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181122100322.GN2131@hirez.programming.kicks-ass.net Reported-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2018-11-29tracing/fgraph: Fix set_graph_function from showing interruptsSteven Rostedt (VMware)
The tracefs file set_graph_function is used to only function graph functions that are listed in that file (or all functions if the file is empty). The way this is implemented is that the function graph tracer looks at every function, and if the current depth is zero and the function matches something in the file then it will trace that function. When other functions are called, the depth will be greater than zero (because the original function will be at depth zero), and all functions will be traced where the depth is greater than zero. The issue is that when a function is first entered, and the handler that checks this logic is called, the depth is set to zero. If an interrupt comes in and a function in the interrupt handler is traced, its depth will be greater than zero and it will automatically be traced, even if the original function was not. But because the logic only looks at depth it may trace interrupts when it should not be. The recent design change of the function graph tracer to fix other bugs caused the depth to be zero while the function graph callback handler is being called for a longer time, widening the race of this happening. This bug was actually there for a longer time, but because the race window was so small it seldom happened. The Fixes tag below is for the commit that widen the race window, because that commit belongs to a series that will also help fix the original bug. Cc: stable@kernel.org Fixes: 39eb456dacb5 ("function_graph: Use new curr_ret_depth to manage depth instead of curr_ret_stack") Reported-by: Joe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@redhat.com> Tested-by: Joe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2018-11-27function_graph: Reverse the order of pushing the ret_stack and the callbackSteven Rostedt (VMware)
The function graph profiler uses the ret_stack to store the "subtime" and reuse it by nested functions and also on the return. But the current logic has the profiler callback called before the ret_stack is updated, and it is just modifying the ret_stack that will later be allocated (it's just lucky that the "subtime" is not touched when it is allocated). This could also cause a crash if we are at the end of the ret_stack when this happens. By reversing the order of the allocating the ret_stack and then calling the callbacks attached to a function being traced, the ret_stack entry is no longer used before it is allocated. Cc: stable@kernel.org Fixes: 03274a3ffb449 ("tracing/fgraph: Adjust fgraph depth before calling trace return callback") Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2018-11-27function_graph: Move return callback before update of curr_ret_stackSteven Rostedt (VMware)
In the past, curr_ret_stack had two functions. One was to denote the depth of the call graph, the other is to keep track of where on the ret_stack the data is used. Although they may be slightly related, there are two cases where they need to be used differently. The one case is that it keeps the ret_stack data from being corrupted by an interrupt coming in and overwriting the data still in use. The other is just to know where the depth of the stack currently is. The function profiler uses the ret_stack to save a "subtime" variable that is part of the data on the ret_stack. If curr_ret_stack is modified too early, then this variable can be corrupted. The "max_depth" option, when set to 1, will record the first functions going into the kernel. To see all top functions (when dealing with timings), the depth variable needs to be lowered before calling the return hook. But by lowering the curr_ret_stack, it makes the data on the ret_stack still being used by the return hook susceptible to being overwritten. Now that there's two variables to handle both cases (curr_ret_depth), we can move them to the locations where they can handle both cases. Cc: stable@kernel.org Fixes: 03274a3ffb449 ("tracing/fgraph: Adjust fgraph depth before calling trace return callback") Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2018-11-27function_graph: Use new curr_ret_depth to manage depth instead of curr_ret_stackSteven Rostedt (VMware)
Currently, the depth of the ret_stack is determined by curr_ret_stack index. The issue is that there's a race between setting of the curr_ret_stack and calling of the callback attached to the return of the function. Commit 03274a3ffb44 ("tracing/fgraph: Adjust fgraph depth before calling trace return callback") moved the calling of the callback to after the setting of the curr_ret_stack, even stating that it was safe to do so, when in fact, it was the reason there was a barrier() there (yes, I should have commented that barrier()). Not only does the curr_ret_stack keep track of the current call graph depth, it also keeps the ret_stack content from being overwritten by new data. The function profiler, uses the "subtime" variable of ret_stack structure and by moving the curr_ret_stack, it allows for interrupts to use the same structure it was using, corrupting the data, and breaking the profiler. To fix this, there needs to be two variables to handle the call stack depth and the pointer to where the ret_stack is being used, as they need to change at two different locations. Cc: stable@kernel.org Fixes: 03274a3ffb449 ("tracing/fgraph: Adjust fgraph depth before calling trace return callback") Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2018-11-27function_graph: Make ftrace_push_return_trace() staticSteven Rostedt (VMware)
As all architectures now call function_graph_enter() to do the entry work, no architecture should ever call ftrace_push_return_trace(). Make it static. This is needed to prepare for a fix of a design bug on how the curr_ret_stack is used. Cc: stable@kernel.org Fixes: 03274a3ffb449 ("tracing/fgraph: Adjust fgraph depth before calling trace return callback") Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2018-11-26function_graph: Create function_graph_enter() to consolidate architecture codeSteven Rostedt (VMware)
Currently all the architectures do basically the same thing in preparing the function graph tracer on entry to a function. This code can be pulled into a generic location and then this will allow the function graph tracer to be fixed, as well as extended. Create a new function graph helper function_graph_enter() that will call the hook function (ftrace_graph_entry) and the shadow stack operation (ftrace_push_return_trace), and remove the need of the architecture code to manage the shadow stack. This is needed to prepare for a fix of a design bug on how the curr_ret_stack is used. Cc: stable@kernel.org Fixes: 03274a3ffb449 ("tracing/fgraph: Adjust fgraph depth before calling trace return callback") Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2018-07-03tracing: Fix missing return symbol in function_graph outputChangbin Du
The function_graph tracer does not show the interrupt return marker for the leaf entry. On leaf entries, we see an unbalanced interrupt marker (the interrupt was entered, but nevern left). Before: 1) | SyS_write() { 1) | __fdget_pos() { 1) 0.061 us | __fget_light(); 1) 0.289 us | } 1) | vfs_write() { 1) 0.049 us | rw_verify_area(); 1) + 15.424 us | __vfs_write(); 1) ==========> | 1) 6.003 us | smp_apic_timer_interrupt(); 1) 0.055 us | __fsnotify_parent(); 1) 0.073 us | fsnotify(); 1) + 23.665 us | } 1) + 24.501 us | } After: 0) | SyS_write() { 0) | __fdget_pos() { 0) 0.052 us | __fget_light(); 0) 0.328 us | } 0) | vfs_write() { 0) 0.057 us | rw_verify_area(); 0) | __vfs_write() { 0) ==========> | 0) 8.548 us | smp_apic_timer_interrupt(); 0) <========== | 0) + 36.507 us | } /* __vfs_write */ 0) 0.049 us | __fsnotify_parent(); 0) 0.066 us | fsnotify(); 0) + 50.064 us | } 0) + 50.952 us | } Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1517413729-20411-1-git-send-email-changbin.du@intel.com Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: f8b755ac8e0cc ("tracing/function-graph-tracer: Output arrows signal on hardirq call/return") Signed-off-by: Changbin Du <changbin.du@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2017-11-02License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no licenseGreg Kroah-Hartman
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-09-08treewide: make "nr_cpu_ids" unsignedAlexey Dobriyan
First, number of CPUs can't be negative number. Second, different signnnedness leads to suboptimal code in the following cases: 1) kmalloc(nr_cpu_ids * sizeof(X)); "int" has to be sign extended to size_t. 2) while (loff_t *pos < nr_cpu_ids) MOVSXD is 1 byte longed than the same MOV. Other cases exist as well. Basically compiler is told that nr_cpu_ids can't be negative which can't be deduced if it is "int". Code savings on allyesconfig kernel: -3KB add/remove: 0/0 grow/shrink: 25/264 up/down: 261/-3631 (-3370) function old new delta coretemp_cpu_online 450 512 +62 rcu_init_one 1234 1272 +38 pci_device_probe 374 399 +25 ... pgdat_reclaimable_pages 628 556 -72 select_fallback_rq 446 369 -77 task_numa_find_cpu 1923 1807 -116 Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170819114959.GA30580@avx2 Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-12-09tracing/fgraph: Have wakeup and irqsoff tracers ignore graph functions tooSteven Rostedt (Red Hat)
Currently both the wakeup and irqsoff traces do not handle set_graph_notrace well. The ftrace infrastructure will ignore the return paths of all functions leaving them hanging without an end: # echo '*spin*' > set_graph_notrace # cat trace [...] _raw_spin_lock() { preempt_count_add() { do_raw_spin_lock() { update_rq_clock(); Where the '*spin*' functions should have looked like this: _raw_spin_lock() { preempt_count_add(); do_raw_spin_lock(); } update_rq_clock(); Instead, have the wakeup and irqsoff tracers ignore the functions that are set by the set_graph_notrace like the function_graph tracer does. Move the logic in the function_graph tracer into a header to allow wakeup and irqsoff tracers to use it as well. Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung.kim@lge.com> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2016-12-09fgraph: Handle a case where a tracer ignores set_graph_notraceSteven Rostedt (Red Hat)
Both the wakeup and irqsoff tracers can use the function graph tracer when the display-graph option is set. The problem is that they ignore the notrace file, and record the entry of functions that would be ignored by the function_graph tracer. This causes the trace->depth to be recorded into the ring buffer. The set_graph_notrace uses a trick by adding a large negative number to the trace->depth when a graph function is to be ignored. On trace output, the graph function uses the depth to record a stack of functions. But since the depth is negative, it accesses the array with a negative number and causes an out of bounds access that can cause a kernel oops or corrupt data. Have the print functions handle cases where a tracer still records functions even when they are in set_graph_notrace. Also add warnings if the depth is below zero before accessing the array. Note, the function graph logic will still prevent the return of these functions from being recorded, which means that they will be left hanging without a return. For example: # echo '*spin*' > set_graph_notrace # echo 1 > options/display-graph # echo wakeup > current_tracer # cat trace [...] _raw_spin_lock() { preempt_count_add() { do_raw_spin_lock() { update_rq_clock(); Where it should look like: _raw_spin_lock() { preempt_count_add(); do_raw_spin_lock(); } update_rq_clock(); Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung.kim@lge.com> Fixes: 29ad23b00474 ("ftrace: Add set_graph_notrace filter") Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2016-11-23tracing: Make __buffer_unlock_commit() always_inlineSteven Rostedt (Red Hat)
The function __buffer_unlock_commit() is called in a few places outside of trace.c. But for the most part, it should really be inlined, as it is in the hot path of the trace_events. For the callers outside of trace.c, create a new function trace_buffer_unlock_commit_nostack(), as the reason it was used was to avoid the stack tracing that trace_buffer_unlock_commit() could do. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161121183700.GW26852@two.firstfloor.org Reported-by: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2016-10-06Merge tag 'trace-v4.9' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace Pull tracing updates from Steven Rostedt: "This release cycle is rather small. Just a few fixes to tracing. The big change is the addition of the hwlat tracer. It not only detects SMIs, but also other latency that's caused by the hardware. I have detected some latency from large boxes having bus contention" * tag 'trace-v4.9' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace: tracing: Call traceoff trigger after event is recorded ftrace/scripts: Add helper script to bisect function tracing problem functions tracing: Have max_latency be defined for HWLAT_TRACER as well tracing: Add NMI tracing in hwlat detector tracing: Have hwlat trace migrate across tracing_cpumask CPUs tracing: Add documentation for hwlat_detector tracer tracing: Added hardware latency tracer ftrace: Access ret_stack->subtime only in the function profiler function_graph: Handle TRACE_BPUTS in print_graph_comment tracing/uprobe: Drop isdigit() check in create_trace_uprobe
2016-09-01ftrace: Access ret_stack->subtime only in the function profilerNamhyung Kim
The subtime is used only for function profiler with function graph tracer enabled. Move the definition of subtime under CONFIG_FUNCTION_PROFILER to reduce the memory usage. Also move the initialization of subtime into the graph entry callback. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160831025529.24018-1-namhyung@kernel.org Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2016-09-01function_graph: Handle TRACE_BPUTS in print_graph_commentNamhyung Kim
It missed to handle TRACE_BPUTS so messages recorded by trace_bputs() will be shown with symbol info unnecessarily. You can see it with the trace_printk sample code: # cd /sys/kernel/tracing/ # echo sys_sync > set_graph_function # echo 1 > options/sym-offset # echo function_graph > current_tracer Note that the sys_sync filter was there to prevent recording other functions and the sym-offset option was needed since the first message was called from a module init function so kallsyms doesn't have the symbol and omitted in the output. # cd ~/build/kernel # insmod samples/trace_printk/trace-printk.ko # cd - # head trace Before: # tracer: function_graph # # CPU DURATION FUNCTION CALLS # | | | | | | | 1) | /* 0xffffffffa0002000: This is a static string that will use trace_bputs */ 1) | /* This is a dynamic string that will use trace_puts */ 1) | /* trace_printk_irq_work+0x5/0x7b [trace_printk]: (irq) This is a static string that will use trace_bputs */ 1) | /* (irq) This is a dynamic string that will use trace_puts */ 1) | /* (irq) This is a static string that will use trace_bprintk() */ 1) | /* (irq) This is a dynamic string that will use trace_printk */ After: # tracer: function_graph # # CPU DURATION FUNCTION CALLS # | | | | | | | 1) | /* This is a static string that will use trace_bputs */ 1) | /* This is a dynamic string that will use trace_puts */ 1) | /* (irq) This is a static string that will use trace_bputs */ 1) | /* (irq) This is a dynamic string that will use trace_puts */ 1) | /* (irq) This is a static string that will use trace_bprintk() */ 1) | /* (irq) This is a dynamic string that will use trace_printk */ Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160901024354.13720-1-namhyung@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2016-08-24ftrace: Add ftrace_graph_ret_addr() stack unwinding helpersJosh Poimboeuf
When function graph tracing is enabled for a function, ftrace modifies the stack by replacing the original return address with the address of a hook function (return_to_handler). Stack unwinders need a way to get the original return address. Add an arch-independent helper function for that named ftrace_graph_ret_addr(). This adds two variations of the function: one depends on HAVE_FUNCTION_GRAPH_RET_ADDR_PTR, and the other relies on an index state variable. The former is recommended because, in some cases, the latter can cause problems when the unwinder skips stack frames. It can get out of sync with the ret_stack index and wrong addresses can be reported for the stack trace. Once all arches have been ported to use HAVE_FUNCTION_GRAPH_RET_ADDR_PTR, we can get rid of the distinction. Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com> Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com> Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com> Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com> Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Nilay Vaish <nilayvaish@gmail.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/36bd90f762fc5e5af3929e3797a68a64906421cf.1471607358.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2016-08-24ftrace: Add return address pointer to ftrace_ret_stackJosh Poimboeuf
Storing this value will help prevent unwinders from getting out of sync with the function graph tracer ret_stack. Now instead of needing a stateful iterator, they can compare the return address pointer to find the right ret_stack entry. Note that an array of 50 ftrace_ret_stack structs is allocated for every task. So when an arch implements this, it will add either 200 or 400 bytes of memory usage per task (depending on whether it's a 32-bit or 64-bit platform). Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com> Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com> Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com> Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com> Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Nilay Vaish <nilayvaish@gmail.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/a95cfcc39e8f26b89a430c56926af0bb217bc0a1.1471607358.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2016-08-24ftrace: Only allocate the ret_stack 'fp' field when neededJosh Poimboeuf
This saves some memory when HAVE_FUNCTION_GRAPH_FP_TEST isn't defined. On x86_64 with newer versions of gcc which have -mfentry, it saves 400 bytes per task. Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com> Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com> Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com> Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com> Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Nilay Vaish <nilayvaish@gmail.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/5c7747d9ea7b5cb47ef0a8ce8a6cea6bf7aa94bf.1471607358.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2016-08-24ftrace: Remove CONFIG_HAVE_FUNCTION_GRAPH_FP_TEST from configJosh Poimboeuf
Make HAVE_FUNCTION_GRAPH_FP_TEST a normal define, independent from kconfig. This removes some config file pollution and simplifies the checking for the fp test. Suggested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com> Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com> Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com> Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com> Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Nilay Vaish <nilayvaish@gmail.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/2c4e5f05054d6d367f702fd153af7a0109dd5c81.1471607358.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2016-06-27tracing/function_graph: Fix filters for function_graph thresholdJoel Fernandes
Function graph tracer currently ignores filters if tracing_thresh is set. For example, even if set_ftrace_pid is set, then its ignored if tracing_thresh set, resulting in all processes being traced. To fix this, we reuse the same entry function as when tracing_thresh is not set and do everything as in the regular case except for writing the function entry to the ring buffer. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466228694-2677-1-git-send-email-agnel.joel@gmail.com Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Joel Fernandes <agnel.joel@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2016-06-20ftrace: Have set_ftrace_pid use the bitmap like events doSteven Rostedt (Red Hat)
Convert set_ftrace_pid to use the bitmap like set_event_pid does. This allows for instances to use the pid filtering as well, and will allow for function-fork option to set if the children of a traced function should be traced or not. Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2016-03-25arch, ftrace: for KASAN put hard/soft IRQ entries into separate sectionsAlexander Potapenko
KASAN needs to know whether the allocation happens in an IRQ handler. This lets us strip everything below the IRQ entry point to reduce the number of unique stack traces needed to be stored. Move the definition of __irq_entry to <linux/interrupt.h> so that the users don't need to pull in <linux/ftrace.h>. Also introduce the __softirq_entry macro which is similar to __irq_entry, but puts the corresponding functions to the .softirqentry.text section. Signed-off-by: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com> Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Andrey Konovalov <adech.fo@gmail.com> Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com> Cc: Konstantin Serebryany <kcc@google.com> Cc: Dmitry Chernenkov <dmitryc@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-03-22kernel/...: convert pr_warning to pr_warnJoe Perches
Use the more common logging method with the eventual goal of removing pr_warning altogether. Miscellanea: - Realign arguments - Coalesce formats - Add missing space between a few coalesced formats Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com> Acked-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> [kernel/power/suspend.c] Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-11-07tracing: Remove unused ftrace_cpu_disabled per cpu variableDmitry Safonov
Since the ring buffer is lockless, there is no need to disable ftrace on CPU. And no one doing so: after commit 68179686ac67cb ("tracing: Remove ftrace_disable/enable_cpu()") ftrace_cpu_disabled stays the same after initialization, nothing changes it. ftrace_cpu_disabled shouldn't be used by any external module since it disables only function and graph_function tracers but not any other tracer. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1446836846-22239-1-git-send-email-0x7f454c46@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Dmitry Safonov <0x7f454c46@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2015-09-30tracing: Move trace_flags from global to a trace_array fieldSteven Rostedt (Red Hat)
In preparation to make trace options per instance, the global trace_flags needs to be moved from being a global variable to a field within the trace instance trace_array structure. There's still more work to do, as there's some functions that use trace_flags without passing in a way to get to the current_trace array. For those, the global_trace is used directly (from trace.c). This includes setting and clearing the trace_flags. This means that when a new instance is created, it just gets the trace_flags of the global_trace and will not be able to modify them. Depending on the functions that have access to the trace_array, the flags of an instance may not affect parts of its trace, where the global_trace is used. These will be fixed in future changes. Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2015-09-30tracing: Move sleep-time and graph-time options out of the core trace_flagsSteven Rostedt (Red Hat)
The sleep-time and graph-time options are only for the function graph tracer and are not used by anything else. As tracer options are now visible when the tracer is not activated, its better to move the function graph specific tracer options into the function graph tracer. Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2015-07-20ftrace: Fix function_graph duration spacing with 7-digitsSteven Rostedt (Red Hat)
Jungseok Lee noticed the following: Currently, row's width of 7-digit duration numbers not aligned with other cases like the following example. 3) $ 3999884 us | } 3) | finish_task_switch() { 3) 0.365 us | _raw_spin_unlock_irq(); 3) 3.333 us | } 3) $ 3999976 us | } 3) $ 3999979 us | } /* schedule */ As adding a single white space in case of 7-digit numbers, the format could be unified easily as follows. 3) $ 2237472 us | } 3) | finish_task_switch() { 3) 0.364 us | _raw_spin_unlock_irq(); 3) 3.125 us | } 3) $ 2237556 us | } 3) $ 2237559 us | } /* schedule */ Instead of making a special case for 7-digit numbers, the logic of the len and the space loop is slightly modified to make the two cases have the same format. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1436626300-1679-2-git-send-email-jungseoklee85@gmail.com Reported-by: Jungseok Lee <jungseoklee85@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2015-05-13tracing: Rename ftrace_event_{call,class} to trace_event_{call,class}Steven Rostedt (Red Hat)
The name "ftrace" really refers to the function hook infrastructure. It is not about the trace_events. The structures ftrace_event_call and ftrace_event_class have nothing to do with the function hooks, and are really trace_event structures. Rename ftrace_event_* to trace_event_*. Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2015-05-13tracing: Rename (un)register_ftrace_event() to (un)register_trace_event()Steven Rostedt (Red Hat)
The name "ftrace" really refers to the function hook infrastructure. It is not about the trace_events. The functions (un)register_ftrace_event() is really about trace_events, and the name should be register_trace_event() instead. Also renamed ftrace_event_reg() to trace_event_reg() for the same reason. Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2015-04-22Merge tag 'trace-v4.1-2' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace Pull tracing fixes from Steven Rostedt: "This adds three fixes for the tracing code. The first is a bug when ftrace_dump_on_oops is triggered in atomic context and function graph tracer is the tracer that is being reported. The second fix is bad parsing of the trace_events from the kernel command line, where it would ignore specific events if the system name is used with defining the event(it enables all events within the system). The last one is a fix to the TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(), where a check was missing to see if the ptr was incremented to the end of the string, but the loop increments it again and can miss the nul delimiter to stop processing" * tag 'trace-v4.1-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace: tracing: Fix possible out of bounds memory access when parsing enums tracing: Fix incorrect enabling of trace events by boot cmdline tracing: Handle ftrace_dump() atomic context in graph_trace_open()
2015-04-16tracing: Handle ftrace_dump() atomic context in graph_trace_open()Rabin Vincent
graph_trace_open() can be called in atomic context from ftrace_dump(). Use GFP_ATOMIC for the memory allocations when that's the case, in order to avoid the following splat. BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at mm/slab.c:2849 in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 128, pid: 0, name: swapper/0 Backtrace: .. [<8004dc94>] (__might_sleep) from [<801371f4>] (kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0x160/0x238) r7:87800040 r6:000080d0 r5:810d16e8 r4:000080d0 [<80137094>] (kmem_cache_alloc_trace) from [<800cbd60>] (graph_trace_open+0x30/0xd0) r10:00000100 r9:809171a8 r8:00008e28 r7:810d16f0 r6:00000001 r5:810d16e8 r4:810d16f0 [<800cbd30>] (graph_trace_open) from [<800c79c4>] (trace_init_global_iter+0x50/0x9c) r8:00008e28 r7:808c853c r6:00000001 r5:810d16e8 r4:810d16f0 r3:800cbd30 [<800c7974>] (trace_init_global_iter) from [<800c7aa0>] (ftrace_dump+0x90/0x2ec) r4:810d2580 r3:00000000 [<800c7a10>] (ftrace_dump) from [<80414b2c>] (sysrq_ftrace_dump+0x1c/0x20) r10:00000100 r9:809171a8 r8:808f6e7c r7:00000001 r6:00000007 r5:0000007a r4:808d5394 [<80414b10>] (sysrq_ftrace_dump) from [<800169b8>] (return_to_handler+0x0/0x18) [<80415498>] (__handle_sysrq) from [<800169b8>] (return_to_handler+0x0/0x18) r8:808c8100 r7:808c8444 r6:00000101 r5:00000010 r4:84eb3210 [<80415668>] (handle_sysrq) from [<800169b8>] (return_to_handler+0x0/0x18) [<8042a760>] (pl011_int) from [<800169b8>] (return_to_handler+0x0/0x18) r10:809171bc r9:809171a8 r8:00000001 r7:00000026 r6:808c6000 r5:84f01e60 r4:8454fe00 [<8007782c>] (handle_irq_event_percpu) from [<80077b44>] (handle_irq_event+0x4c/0x6c) r10:808c7ef0 r9:87283e00 r8:00000001 r7:00000000 r6:8454fe00 r5:84f01e60 r4:84f01e00 [<80077af8>] (handle_irq_event) from [<8007aa28>] (handle_fasteoi_irq+0xf0/0x1ac) r6:808f52a4 r5:84f01e60 r4:84f01e00 r3:00000000 [<8007a938>] (handle_fasteoi_irq) from [<80076dc0>] (generic_handle_irq+0x3c/0x4c) r6:00000026 r5:00000000 r4:00000026 r3:8007a938 [<80076d84>] (generic_handle_irq) from [<80077128>] (__handle_domain_irq+0x8c/0xfc) r4:808c1e38 r3:0000002e [<8007709c>] (__handle_domain_irq) from [<800087b8>] (gic_handle_irq+0x34/0x6c) r10:80917748 r9:00000001 r8:88802100 r7:808c7ef0 r6:808c8fb0 r5:00000015 r4:8880210c r3:808c7ef0 [<80008784>] (gic_handle_irq) from [<80014044>] (__irq_svc+0x44/0x7c) Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1428953721-31349-1-git-send-email-rabin@rab.in Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1428957012-2319-1-git-send-email-rabin@rab.in Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 3.13+ Signed-off-by: Rabin Vincent <rabin@rab.in> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2015-02-03tracing: Convert the tracing facility over to use tracefsSteven Rostedt (Red Hat)
debugfs was fine for the tracing facility as a quick way to get an interface. Now that tracing has matured, it should separate itself from debugfs such that it can be mounted separately without needing to mount all of debugfs with it. That is, users resist using tracing because it requires mounting debugfs. Having tracing have its own file system lets users get the features of tracing without needing to bring in the rest of the kernel's debug infrastructure. Another reason for tracefs is that debubfs does not support mkdir. Currently, to create instances, one does a mkdir in the tracing/instance directory. This is implemented via a hack that forces debugfs to do something it is not intended on doing. By converting over to tracefs, this hack can be removed and mkdir can be properly implemented. This patch does not address this yet, but it lays the ground work for that to be done. Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2015-01-22tracing: Use IS_ERR() check for return value of tracing_init_dentry()Steven Rostedt (Red Hat)
tracing_init_dentry() will soon return NULL as a valid pointer for the top level tracing directroy. NULL can not be used as an error value. Instead, switch to ERR_PTR() and check the return status with IS_ERR(). Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2014-12-10Merge tag 'trace-seq-buf-3.19' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace Pull nmi-safe seq_buf printk update from Steven Rostedt: "This code is a fork from the trace-3.19 pull as it needed the trace_seq clean ups from that branch. This code solves the issue of performing stack dumps from NMI context. The issue is that printk() is not safe from NMI context as if the NMI were to trigger when a printk() was being performed, the NMI could deadlock from the printk() internal locks. This has been seen in practice. With lots of review from Petr Mladek, this code went through several iterations, and we feel that it is now at a point of quality to be accepted into mainline. Here's what is contained in this patch set: - Creates a "seq_buf" generic buffer utility that allows a descriptor to be passed around where functions can write their own "printk()" formatted strings into it. The generic version was pulled out of the trace_seq() code that was made specifically for tracing. - The seq_buf code was change to model the seq_file code. I have a patch (not included for 3.19) that converts the seq_file.c code over to use seq_buf.c like the trace_seq.c code does. This was done to make sure that seq_buf.c is compatible with seq_file.c. I may try to get that patch in for 3.20. - The seq_buf.c file was moved to lib/ to remove it from being dependent on CONFIG_TRACING. - The printk() was updated to allow for a per_cpu "override" of the internal calls. That is, instead of writing to the console, a call to printk() may do something else. This made it easier to allow the NMI to change what printk() does in order to call dump_stack() without needing to update that code as well. - Finally, the dump_stack from all CPUs via NMI code was converted to use the seq_buf code. The caller to trigger the NMI code would wait till all the NMIs finished, and then it would print the seq_buf data to the console safely from a non NMI context One added bonus is that this code also makes the NMI dump stack work on PREEMPT_RT kernels. As printk() includes sleeping locks on PREEMPT_RT, printk() only writes to console if the console does not use any rt_mutex converted spin locks. Which a lot do" * tag 'trace-seq-buf-3.19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace: x86/nmi: Fix use of unallocated cpumask_var_t printk/percpu: Define printk_func when printk is not defined x86/nmi: Perform a safe NMI stack trace on all CPUs printk: Add per_cpu printk func to allow printk to be diverted seq_buf: Move the seq_buf code to lib/ seq-buf: Make seq_buf_bprintf() conditional on CONFIG_BINARY_PRINTF tracing: Add seq_buf_get_buf() and seq_buf_commit() helper functions tracing: Have seq_buf use full buffer seq_buf: Add seq_buf_can_fit() helper function tracing: Add paranoid size check in trace_printk_seq() tracing: Use trace_seq_used() and seq_buf_used() instead of len tracing: Clean up tracing_fill_pipe_page() seq_buf: Create seq_buf_used() to find out how much was written tracing: Add a seq_buf_clear() helper and clear len and readpos in init tracing: Convert seq_buf fields to be like seq_file fields tracing: Convert seq_buf_path() to be like seq_path() tracing: Create seq_buf layer in trace_seq
2014-12-03tracing: Add additional marks to signal very large time deltasByungchul Park
Currently, function graph tracer prints "!" or "+" just before function execution time to signal a function overhead, depending on the time. And some tracers tracing latency also print "!" or "+" just after time to signal overhead, depending on the interval between events. Even it is usually enough to do that, we sometimes need to signal for bigger execution time than 100 micro seconds. For example, I used function graph tracer to detect if there is any case that exit_mm() takes too much time. I did following steps in /sys/kernel/debug/tracing. It was easier to detect very large excution time with patched kernel than with original kernel. $ echo exit_mm > set_graph_function $ echo function_graph > current_tracer $ echo > trace $ cat trace_pipe > $LOGFILE ... (do something and terminate logging) $ grep "\\$" $LOGFILE 3) $ 22082032 us | } /* kernel_map_pages */ 3) $ 22082040 us | } /* free_pages_prepare */ 3) $ 22082113 us | } /* free_hot_cold_page */ 3) $ 22083455 us | } /* free_hot_cold_page_list */ 3) $ 22083895 us | } /* release_pages */ 3) $ 22177873 us | } /* free_pages_and_swap_cache */ 3) $ 22178929 us | } /* unmap_single_vma */ 3) $ 22198885 us | } /* unmap_vmas */ 3) $ 22206949 us | } /* exit_mmap */ 3) $ 22207659 us | } /* mmput */ 3) $ 22207793 us | } /* exit_mm */ And then, it was easy to find out that a schedule-out occured by sub_preempt_count() within kernel_map_pages(). To detect very large function exection time caused by either problematic function implementation or scheduling issues, this patch can be useful. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1416789259-24038-1-git-send-email-byungchul.park@lge.com Signed-off-by: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2014-11-19tracing: Use trace_seq_used() and seq_buf_used() instead of lenSteven Rostedt (Red Hat)
As the seq_buf->len will soon be +1 size when there's an overflow, we must use trace_seq_used() or seq_buf_used() methods to get the real length. This will prevent buffer overflow issues if just the len of the seq_buf descriptor is used to copy memory. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20141114121911.09ba3d38@gandalf.local.home Reported-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2014-11-19tracing: Create seq_buf layer in trace_seqSteven Rostedt (Red Hat)
Create a seq_buf layer that trace_seq sits on. The seq_buf will not be limited to page size. This will allow other usages of seq_buf instead of a hard set PAGE_SIZE one that trace_seq has. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20141104160221.864997179@goodmis.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20141114011412.170377300@goodmis.org Tested-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz> Acked-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz> Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>