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2017-11-02License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no licenseGreg Kroah-Hartman
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2016-08-02lib/iommu-helper: skip to next segmentSebastian Ott
When a large enough area in the iommu bitmap is found but would span a boundary we continue the search starting from the next bit position. For large allocations this can lead to several useless invocations of bitmap_find_next_zero_area() and iommu_is_span_boundary(). Continue the search from the start of the next segment (which is the next bit position such that we'll not cross the same segment boundary again). Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.LFD.2.20.1606081910070.3211@schleppi Signed-off-by: Sebastian Ott <sebott@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-03-24Merge tag 'module-for-3.4' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulg/linux Pull cleanup of fs/ and lib/ users of module.h from Paul Gortmaker: "Fix up files in fs/ and lib/ dirs to only use module.h if they really need it. These are trivial in scope vs the work done previously. We now have things where any few remaining cleanups can be farmed out to arch or subsystem maintainers, and I have done so when possible. What is remaining here represents the bits that don't clearly lie within a single arch/subsystem boundary, like the fs dir and the lib dir. Some duplicate includes arising from overlapping fixes from independent subsystem maintainer submissions are also quashed." Fix up trivial conflicts due to clashes with other include file cleanups (including some due to the previous bug.h cleanup pull). * tag 'module-for-3.4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulg/linux: lib: reduce the use of module.h wherever possible fs: reduce the use of module.h wherever possible includecheck: delete any duplicate instances of module.h
2012-03-07lib: reduce the use of module.h wherever possiblePaul Gortmaker
For files only using THIS_MODULE and/or EXPORT_SYMBOL, map them onto including export.h -- or if the file isn't even using those, then just delete the include. Fix up any implicit include dependencies that were being masked by module.h along the way. Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
2012-02-29bug.h: add include of it to various implicit C usersPaul Gortmaker
With bug.h currently living right in linux/kernel.h there are files that use BUG_ON and friends but are not including the header explicitly. Fix them up so we can remove the presence in kernel.h file. Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
2010-08-09iommu: inline iommu_num_pagesAnton Blanchard
A profile of a network benchmark showed iommu_num_pages rather high up: 0.52% iommu_num_pages Looking at the profile, an integer divide is taking almost all of the time: % : c000000000376ea4 <.iommu_num_pages>: 1.93 : c000000000376ea4: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) 0.00 : c000000000376ea8: f8 21 ff c1 stdu r1,-64(r1) 0.00 : c000000000376eac: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 3.86 : c000000000376eb0: 38 84 ff ff addi r4,r4,-1 0.00 : c000000000376eb4: 38 05 ff ff addi r0,r5,-1 0.00 : c000000000376eb8: 7c 84 2a 14 add r4,r4,r5 46.95 : c000000000376ebc: 7c 00 18 38 and r0,r0,r3 45.66 : c000000000376ec0: 7c 84 02 14 add r4,r4,r0 0.00 : c000000000376ec4: 7c 64 2b 92 divdu r3,r4,r5 0.00 : c000000000376ec8: 38 3f 00 40 addi r1,r31,64 0.00 : c000000000376ecc: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) 1.61 : c000000000376ed0: 4e 80 00 20 blr Since every caller of iommu_num_pages passes in a constant power of two we can inline this such that the divide is replaced by a shift. The entire function is only a few instructions once optimised, so it is a good candidate for inlining overall. Signed-off-by: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org> Cc: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-12-16iommu-helper: use bitmap libraryAkinobu Mita
Use bitmap library and kill some unused iommu helper functions. 1. s/iommu_area_free/bitmap_clear/ 2. s/iommu_area_reserve/bitmap_set/ 3. Use bitmap_find_next_zero_area instead of find_next_zero_area This cannot be simple substitution because find_next_zero_area doesn't check the last bit of the limit in bitmap 4. Remove iommu_area_free, iommu_area_reserve, and find_next_zero_area Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp> Cc: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-10-16introduce generic iommu_num_pages functionJoerg Roedel
This patch introduces the generic iommu_num_pages function. It can be used by a given memory area. Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp> Cc: Muli Ben-Yehuda <muli@il.ibm.com> Cc: Dave Airlie <airlied@linux.ie> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-09-22iommu: export iommu_area_reserve helper functionFUJITA Tomonori
x86 has set_bit_string() that does the exact same thing that set_bit_area() in lib/iommu-helper.c does. This patch exports set_bit_area() in lib/iommu-helper.c as iommu_area_reserve(), converts GART, Calgary, and AMD IOMMU to use it. Signed-off-by: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp> Acked-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2008-07-29generic, x86: fix add iommu_num_pages helper functionFUJITA Tomonori
This IOMMU helper function doesn't work for some architectures: http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=121699304403202&w=2 It also breaks POWER and SPARC builds: http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=121730388001890&w=2 Currently, only x86 IOMMUs use this so let's move it to x86 for now. Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Signed-off-by: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2008-07-26iommu: add iommu_num_pages helper functionJoerg Roedel
Calculating the number of pages from given address and length numbers is a task required in multiple IOMMU implementations. So implement this as a generic function into the IOMMU helper code. Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com> Cc: iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org Cc: bhavna.sarathy@amd.com Cc: robert.richter@amd.com Cc: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2008-03-04iommu: export iommu_is_span_boundary helper functionFUJITA Tomonori
iommu_is_span_boundary is used internally in the IOMMU helper (lib/iommu-helper.c), a primitive function that judges whether a memory area spans LLD's segment boundary or not. It's difficult to convert some IOMMUs to use the IOMMU helper but iommu_is_span_boundary is still useful for them. So this patch exports it. This is needed for the parisc iommu fixes. Signed-off-by: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp> Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@parisc-linux.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <matthew@wil.cx> Cc: Grant Grundler <grundler@parisc-linux.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-02-05iommu sg: add IOMMU helper functions for the free area managementFUJITA Tomonori
This adds IOMMU helper functions for the free area management. These functions take care of LLD's segment boundary limit for IOMMUs. They would be useful for IOMMUs that use bitmap for the free area management. Signed-off-by: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp> Cc: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org> Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@steeleye.com> Cc: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>