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2019-09-24kbuild: clean compressed initramfs imageGreg Thelen
Since 9e3596b0c653 ("kbuild: initramfs cleanup, set target from Kconfig") "make clean" leaves behind compressed initramfs images. Example: $ make defconfig $ sed -i 's|CONFIG_INITRAMFS_SOURCE=""|CONFIG_INITRAMFS_SOURCE="/tmp/ir.cpio"|' .config $ make olddefconfig $ make -s $ make -s clean $ git clean -ndxf | grep initramfs Would remove usr/initramfs_data.cpio.gz clean rules do not have CONFIG_* context so they do not know which compression format was used. Thus they don't know which files to delete. Tell clean to delete all possible compression formats. Once patched usr/initramfs_data.cpio.gz and friends are deleted by "make clean". Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190722063251.55541-1-gthelen@google.com Fixes: 9e3596b0c653 ("kbuild: initramfs cleanup, set target from Kconfig") Signed-off-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2019-07-08kbuild: compile-test exported headers to ensure they are self-containedMasahiro Yamada
Multiple people have suggested compile-testing UAPI headers to ensure they can be really included from user-space. "make headers_check" is obviously not enough to catch bugs, and we often leak unresolved references to user-space. Use the new header-test-y syntax to implement it. Please note exported headers are compile-tested with a completely different set of compiler flags. The header search path is set to $(objtree)/usr/include since exported headers should not include unexported ones. We use -std=gnu89 for the kernel space since the kernel code highly depends on GNU extensions. On the other hand, UAPI headers should be written in more standardized C, so they are compiled with -std=c90. This will emit errors if C++ style comments, the keyword 'inline', etc. are used. Please use C style comments (/* ... */), '__inline__', etc. in UAPI headers. There is additional compiler requirement to enable this test because many of UAPI headers include <stdlib.h>, <sys/ioctl.h>, <sys/time.h>, etc. directly or indirectly. You cannot use kernel.org pre-built toolchains [1] since they lack <stdlib.h>. I reused CONFIG_CC_CAN_LINK to check the system header availability. The intention is slightly different, but a compiler that can link userspace programs provide system headers. For now, a lot of headers need to be excluded because they cannot be compiled standalone, but this is a good start point. [1] https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/tools/crosstool/index.html Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com> Reviewed-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
2018-12-11user/Makefile: Fix typo and capitalization in comment sectionEugen Cazacu
Signed-off-by: Eugen Cazacu <green182day@hotmail.com> Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
2018-08-22initramfs: move gen_initramfs_list.sh from scripts/ to usr/Masahiro Yamada
scripts/gen_initramfs_list.sh is only invoked from usr/Makefile. Move it so that all tools to create initramfs are self-contained in the usr/ directory. Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
2017-11-03initramfs: fix initramfs rebuilds w/ compression after disablingFlorian Fainelli
This is a follow-up to commit 57ddfdaa9a72 ("initramfs: fix disabling of initramfs (and its compression)"). This particular commit fixed the use case where we build the kernel with an initramfs with no compression, and then we build the kernel with no initramfs. Now this still left us with the same case as described here: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170521033337.6197-1-f.fainelli@gmail.com not working with initramfs compression. This can be seen by the following steps/timestamps: https://www.spinics.net/lists/kernel/msg2598153.html .initramfs_data.cpio.gz.cmd is correct: cmd_usr/initramfs_data.cpio.gz := /bin/bash ./scripts/gen_initramfs_list.sh -o usr/initramfs_data.cpio.gz -u 1000 -g 1000 /home/fainelli/work/uclinux-rootfs/romfs /home/fainelli/work/uclinux-rootfs/misc/initramfs.dev and was generated the first time we did generate the gzip initramfs, so the command has not changed, nor its arguments, so we just don't call it, no initramfs cpio is re-generated as a consequence. The fix for this problem is just to properly keep track of the .initramfs_cpio_data.d file by suffixing it with the compression extension. This takes care of properly tracking dependencies such that the initramfs get (re)generated any time files are added/deleted etc. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170930033936.6722-1-f.fainelli@gmail.com Fixes: db2aa7fd15e8 ("initramfs: allow again choice of the embedded initramfs compression algorithm") Fixes: 9e3596b0c653 ("kbuild: initramfs cleanup, set target from Kconfig") Signed-off-by: Florian Fainelli <f.fainelli@gmail.com> Cc: "Francisco Blas Izquierdo Riera (klondike)" <klondike@xiscosoft.net> Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2017-11-02License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no licenseGreg Kroah-Hartman
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-01-05kbuild: initramfs cleanup, set target from KconfigNicholas Piggin
Rather than keep a list of all possible compression types in the Makefile, set the target explicitly from Kconfig. Reviewed-by: Francisco Blas Izquierdo Riera (klondike) <klondike@klondike.es> Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2017-01-05kbuild: initramfs fix dependency checking for compressed targetNicholas Piggin
When using initramfs compression, the data file compression suffix gets quotes pulled in from Kconfig, e.g., initramfs_data.cpio".gz" which make does not match a target and causes rebuild. Fix this by filtering out quotes from the Kconfig string. Fixes: 35e669e1a254 ("initramfs: select builtin initram compression algorithm on KConfig instead of Makefile") Reviewed-by: Francisco Blas Izquierdo Riera (klondike) <klondike@klondike.es> Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-12-14initramfs: select builtin initram compression algorithm on KConfig instead ↵Francisco Blas Izquierdo Riera (klondike)
of Makefile Move the current builtin initram compression algorithm selection from the Makefile into the INITRAMFS_COMPRESSION variable. This makes deciding algorithm precedence easier and would allow for overrides if new algorithms want to be tested. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/57EAD769.1090401@klondike.es Signed-off-by: Francisco Blas Izquierdo Riera (klondike) <klondike@klondike.es> Cc: P J P <ppandit@redhat.com> Cc: Paul Bolle <pebolle@tiscali.nl> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-11-13initramfs: read CONFIG_RD_ variables for initramfs compressionP J P
When expert configuration option(CONFIG_EXPERT) is enabled, menuconfig offers a choice of compression algorithm to compress initial ramfs image; This choice is stored into CONFIG_RD_* variables. But usr/Makefile uses earlier INITRAMFS_COMPRESSION_* macros to build initial ramfs file. Since none of them is defined, resulting 'initramfs_data.cpio' file remains un-compressed. This patch updates the Makefile to use CONFIG_RD_* variables and adds support for LZ4 compression algorithm. Also updates the 'gen_initramfs_list.sh' script to check whether a selected compression command is accessible or not. And fall-back to default gzip(1) compression when it is not. Signed-off-by: P J P <prasad@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-01-13decompressors: add boot-time XZ supportLasse Collin
This implements the API defined in <linux/decompress/generic.h> which is used for kernel, initramfs, and initrd decompression. This patch together with the first patch is enough for XZ-compressed initramfs and initrd; XZ-compressed kernel will need arch-specific changes. The buffering requirements described in decompress_unxz.c are stricter than with gzip, so the relevant changes should be done to the arch-specific code when adding support for XZ-compressed kernel. Similarly, the heap size in arch-specific pre-boot code may need to be increased (30 KiB is enough). The XZ decompressor needs memmove(), memeq() (memcmp() == 0), and memzero() (memset(ptr, 0, size)), which aren't available in all arch-specific pre-boot environments. I'm including simple versions in decompress_unxz.c, but a cleaner solution would naturally be nicer. Signed-off-by: Lasse Collin <lasse.collin@tukaani.org> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Alain Knaff <alain@knaff.lu> Cc: Albin Tonnerre <albin.tonnerre@free-electrons.com> Cc: Phillip Lougher <phillip@lougher.demon.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2010-09-29initramfs: generalize initramfs_data.xxx.S variantsHendrik Brueckner
Remove initramfs_data.{lzo,lzma,gz,bz2}.S variants and use a common implementation in initramfs_data.S. The common implementation expects the file name of the initramfs to be defined in INITRAMFS_IMAGE. Change the Makefile to set the INITRAMFS_IMAGE define symbol according to the selected compression method. Signed-off-by: Hendrik Brueckner <brueckner@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com> Acked-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz> Acked-by: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Hendrik Brueckner <brueckner@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
2010-05-27initramfs: add support for in-kernel initramfs compressed with LZOAlbin Tonnerre
Add the necessary parts to be enable the use of LZO-compressed initramfs build into the kernel. Signed-off-by: Albin Tonnerre <albin.tonnerre@free-electrons.com> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-09-20kbuild: correct initramfs compression commentRobert P. J. Day
Fix the Makefile comment since bzip2 is now supported. Signed-off-by: Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@crashcourse.ca> Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
2009-03-31bzip2/lzma: quiet Kconfig warning for INITRAMFS_COMPRESSION_NONEH. Peter Anvin
Impact: quiet Kconfig warning It appears that Kconfig simply has no way to provide defaults for entries that exist inside a conditionalized choice block. Fortunately, it turns out we don't actually ever use CONFIG_INITRAMFS_COMPRESSION_NONE, so we can just drop it for everything outside the choice block. Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
2009-02-19bzip2/lzma: make internal initramfs compression configurableAlain Knaff
Impact: Avoids silent environment dependency Make builtin initramfs compression an explicit configurable. The previous version would pick a compression based on the binaries which were installed on the system, which could lead to unexpected results. It is now explicitly configured, and not having the appropriate binaries installed on the build host is simply an error. Signed-off-by: Alain Knaff <alain@knaff.lu> Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
2009-01-07bzip2/lzma: fix built-in initramfs vs CONFIG_RD_GZIPAlain Knaff
Impact: Resolves build failures in some configurations Makes it possible to disable CONFIG_RD_GZIP . In that case, the built-in initramfs will be compressed by whatever compressor is available (bzip2 or lzma) or left uncompressed if none is available. It also removes a couple of warnings which occur when no ramdisk compression at all is chosen. It also restores the select ZLIB_INFLATE in drivers/block/Kconfig which somehow came missing. This is needed to activate compilation of the stuff in zlib_deflate. Signed-off-by: Alain Knaff <alain@knaff.lu> Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
2007-02-11[PATCH] disable init/initramfs.cJean-Paul Saman
The file init/initramfs.c is always compiled and linked in the kernel vmlinux even when BLK_DEV_RAM and BLK_DEV_INITRD are disabled and the system isn't using any form of an initramfs or initrd. In this situation the code is only used to unpack a (static) default initial rootfilesystem. The current init/initramfs.c code. usr/initramfs_data.o compiles to a size of ~15 kbytes. Disabling BLK_DEV_RAM and BLK_DEV_INTRD shrinks the kernel code size with ~60 Kbytes. This patch avoids compiling in the code and data for initramfs support if CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD is not defined. Instead of the initramfs code and data it uses a small routine in init/noinitramfs.c to setup an initial static default environment for mounting a rootfilesystem later on in the kernel initialisation process. The new code is: 164 bytes of size. The patch is separated in two parts: 1) doesn't compile initramfs code when CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD is not set 2) changing all plaforms vmlinux.lds.S files to not reserve an area of PAGE_SIZE when CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD is not set. [deweerdt@free.fr: warning fix] Signed-off-by: Jean-Paul Saman <jean-paul.saman@nxp.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Frederik Deweerdt <frederik.deweerdt@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2006-11-25[PATCH] initramfs: handle more than one source dir or file listThomas Chou
Fix bug 7401. Handle more than one source dir or file list to the initramfs gen scripts. The Kconfig help for INITRAMFS_SOURCE claims that you can specify multiple space-separated sources in order to allow unprivileged users to build an image. There are two bugs in the current implementation that prevent this from working. First, we pass "file1 dir2" to the gen_initramfs_list.sh script, which it obviously can't open. Second, gen_initramfs_list.sh -l outputs multiple definitions for deps_initramfs -- one for each argument. Signed-off-by: Thomas Chou <thomas@wytron.com.tw> Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org> Acked-by: Matthew Wilcox <matthew@wil.cx> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-09-25kbuild: consistently decide when to rebuild a targetSam Ravnborg
Consistently decide when to rebuild a target across all of if_changed, if_changed_dep, if_changed_rule. PHONY targets are now treated alike (ignored) for all targets While add it make Kbuild.include almost readable by factoring out a few bits to some common variables and reuse this in Makefile.build. Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
2006-08-07kbuild: do not try to build content of initramfsSam Ravnborg
When a file supplied via CONFIG_INITRAMFS pointed to a file for which kbuild had a rule to compile it (foo.c => foo.o) then kbuild would compile the file before adding the file to the initramfs. Teach make that files included in initramfs shall not be updated by adding an 'empty command'. (See "Using Empty Commands" in info make). Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
2006-06-10kbuild: bugfix with initramfsNickolay
This patch fix double inclusion of ramfs-input. Signed-off-by: Nickolay Vinogradov <nickolay@protei.ru> Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
2006-04-11kbuild: rebuild initramfs if content of initramfs changesSam Ravnborg
initramfs.cpio.gz being build in usr/ and included in the kernel was not rebuild when the included files changed. To fix this the following was done: - let gen_initramfs.sh generate a list of files and directories included in the initramfs - gen_initramfs generate the gzipped cpio archive so we could simplify the kbuild file (Makefile) - utilising the kbuild infrastructure so when uid/gid root mapping changes the initramfs will be rebuild With this change we have a much more robust initramfs generation. Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
2005-07-25kbuild: introduce Kbuild.includeSam Ravnborg
Kbuild.include is a placeholder for definitions originally present in both the top-level Makefile and scripts/Makefile.build. There were a slight difference in the filechk definition, so the most videly used version was kept and usr/Makefile was adopted for this syntax. Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org> ---
2005-04-16Linux-2.6.12-rc2Linus Torvalds
Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history, even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about 3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good infrastructure for it. Let it rip!