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authorMauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>2017-04-05 10:23:04 -0300
committerJonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>2017-04-11 14:39:08 -0600
commit3b38e4f21868d83ed03d5d101c789c4df2b08e8b (patch)
treeb7d31f5766ba2509784e33d738447868f8d73236 /Documentation/driver-api/usb/callbacks.rst
parent401c7be2bad9eea68c1a660d54d1caa00b3098e4 (diff)
usb/callbacks.txt: convert to ReST and add to driver-api book
This document describe some USB core functions. Add it to the driver-api book. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com> Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
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+USB core callbacks
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+What callbacks will usbcore do?
+===============================
+
+Usbcore will call into a driver through callbacks defined in the driver
+structure and through the completion handler of URBs a driver submits.
+Only the former are in the scope of this document. These two kinds of
+callbacks are completely independent of each other. Information on the
+completion callback can be found in Documentation/usb/URB.txt.
+
+The callbacks defined in the driver structure are:
+
+1. Hotplugging callbacks:
+
+ - @probe:
+ Called to see if the driver is willing to manage a particular
+ interface on a device.
+
+ - @disconnect:
+ Called when the interface is no longer accessible, usually
+ because its device has been (or is being) disconnected or the
+ driver module is being unloaded.
+
+2. Odd backdoor through usbfs:
+
+ - @ioctl:
+ Used for drivers that want to talk to userspace through
+ the "usbfs" filesystem. This lets devices provide ways to
+ expose information to user space regardless of where they
+ do (or don't) show up otherwise in the filesystem.
+
+3. Power management (PM) callbacks:
+
+ - @suspend:
+ Called when the device is going to be suspended.
+
+ - @resume:
+ Called when the device is being resumed.
+
+ - @reset_resume:
+ Called when the suspended device has been reset instead
+ of being resumed.
+
+4. Device level operations:
+
+ - @pre_reset:
+ Called when the device is about to be reset.
+
+ - @post_reset:
+ Called after the device has been reset
+
+The ioctl interface (2) should be used only if you have a very good
+reason. Sysfs is preferred these days. The PM callbacks are covered
+separately in Documentation/usb/power-management.txt.
+
+Calling conventions
+===================
+
+All callbacks are mutually exclusive. There's no need for locking
+against other USB callbacks. All callbacks are called from a task
+context. You may sleep. However, it is important that all sleeps have a
+small fixed upper limit in time. In particular you must not call out to
+user space and await results.
+
+Hotplugging callbacks
+=====================
+
+These callbacks are intended to associate and disassociate a driver with
+an interface. A driver's bond to an interface is exclusive.
+
+The probe() callback
+--------------------
+
+::
+
+ int (*probe) (struct usb_interface *intf,
+ const struct usb_device_id *id);
+
+Accept or decline an interface. If you accept the device return 0,
+otherwise -ENODEV or -ENXIO. Other error codes should be used only if a
+genuine error occurred during initialisation which prevented a driver
+from accepting a device that would else have been accepted.
+You are strongly encouraged to use usbcore's facility,
+usb_set_intfdata(), to associate a data structure with an interface, so
+that you know which internal state and identity you associate with a
+particular interface. The device will not be suspended and you may do IO
+to the interface you are called for and endpoint 0 of the device. Device
+initialisation that doesn't take too long is a good idea here.
+
+The disconnect() callback
+-------------------------
+
+::
+
+ void (*disconnect) (struct usb_interface *intf);
+
+This callback is a signal to break any connection with an interface.
+You are not allowed any IO to a device after returning from this
+callback. You also may not do any other operation that may interfere
+with another driver bound the interface, eg. a power management
+operation.
+If you are called due to a physical disconnection, all your URBs will be
+killed by usbcore. Note that in this case disconnect will be called some
+time after the physical disconnection. Thus your driver must be prepared
+to deal with failing IO even prior to the callback.
+
+Device level callbacks
+======================
+
+pre_reset
+---------
+
+::
+
+ int (*pre_reset)(struct usb_interface *intf);
+
+A driver or user space is triggering a reset on the device which
+contains the interface passed as an argument. Cease IO, wait for all
+outstanding URBs to complete, and save any device state you need to
+restore. No more URBs may be submitted until the post_reset method
+is called.
+
+If you need to allocate memory here, use GFP_NOIO or GFP_ATOMIC, if you
+are in atomic context.
+
+post_reset
+----------
+
+::
+
+ int (*post_reset)(struct usb_interface *intf);
+
+The reset has completed. Restore any saved device state and begin
+using the device again.
+
+If you need to allocate memory here, use GFP_NOIO or GFP_ATOMIC, if you
+are in atomic context.
+
+Call sequences
+==============
+
+No callbacks other than probe will be invoked for an interface
+that isn't bound to your driver.
+
+Probe will never be called for an interface bound to a driver.
+Hence following a successful probe, disconnect will be called
+before there is another probe for the same interface.
+
+Once your driver is bound to an interface, disconnect can be
+called at any time except in between pre_reset and post_reset.
+pre_reset is always followed by post_reset, even if the reset
+failed or the device has been unplugged.
+
+suspend is always followed by one of: resume, reset_resume, or
+disconnect.