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authorLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2019-07-18 11:51:00 -0700
committerLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2019-07-18 11:51:00 -0700
commit818e95c768c6607a1df4cf022c00c3c58e2f203e (patch)
tree453a2b891097c379f1f133f4821a46628d86002b /Documentation/trace
parentd4df33b0e9925c158b313a586fb1557cf29cfdf4 (diff)
parent0aeb1def44169cbe7119f26cf10b974a2046142e (diff)
Merge tag 'trace-v5.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace
Pull tracing updates from Steven Rostedt: "The main changes in this release include: - Add user space specific memory reading for kprobes - Allow kprobes to be executed earlier in boot The rest are mostly just various clean ups and small fixes" * tag 'trace-v5.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace: (33 commits) tracing: Make trace_get_fields() global tracing: Let filter_assign_type() detect FILTER_PTR_STRING tracing: Pass type into tracing_generic_entry_update() ftrace/selftest: Test if set_event/ftrace_pid exists before writing ftrace/selftests: Return the skip code when tracing directory not configured in kernel tracing/kprobe: Check registered state using kprobe tracing/probe: Add trace_event_call accesses APIs tracing/probe: Add probe event name and group name accesses APIs tracing/probe: Add trace flag access APIs for trace_probe tracing/probe: Add trace_event_file access APIs for trace_probe tracing/probe: Add trace_event_call register API for trace_probe tracing/probe: Add trace_probe init and free functions tracing/uprobe: Set print format when parsing command tracing/kprobe: Set print format right after parsed command kprobes: Fix to init kprobes in subsys_initcall tracepoint: Use struct_size() in kmalloc() ring-buffer: Remove HAVE_64BIT_ALIGNED_ACCESS ftrace: Enable trampoline when rec count returns back to one tracing/kprobe: Do not run kprobe boot tests if kprobe_event is on cmdline tracing: Make a separate config for trace event self tests ...
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/trace')
-rw-r--r--Documentation/trace/kprobetrace.rst42
-rw-r--r--Documentation/trace/uprobetracer.rst10
2 files changed, 45 insertions, 7 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/trace/kprobetrace.rst b/Documentation/trace/kprobetrace.rst
index 7d2b0178d3f3..fbb314bfa112 100644
--- a/Documentation/trace/kprobetrace.rst
+++ b/Documentation/trace/kprobetrace.rst
@@ -51,15 +51,17 @@ Synopsis of kprobe_events
$argN : Fetch the Nth function argument. (N >= 1) (\*1)
$retval : Fetch return value.(\*2)
$comm : Fetch current task comm.
- +|-offs(FETCHARG) : Fetch memory at FETCHARG +|- offs address.(\*3)
+ +|-[u]OFFS(FETCHARG) : Fetch memory at FETCHARG +|- OFFS address.(\*3)(\*4)
NAME=FETCHARG : Set NAME as the argument name of FETCHARG.
FETCHARG:TYPE : Set TYPE as the type of FETCHARG. Currently, basic types
(u8/u16/u32/u64/s8/s16/s32/s64), hexadecimal types
- (x8/x16/x32/x64), "string" and bitfield are supported.
+ (x8/x16/x32/x64), "string", "ustring" and bitfield
+ are supported.
(\*1) only for the probe on function entry (offs == 0).
(\*2) only for return probe.
(\*3) this is useful for fetching a field of data structures.
+ (\*4) "u" means user-space dereference. See :ref:`user_mem_access`.
Types
-----
@@ -77,7 +79,8 @@ apply it to registers/stack-entries etc. (for example, '$stack1:x8[8]' is
wrong, but '+8($stack):x8[8]' is OK.)
String type is a special type, which fetches a "null-terminated" string from
kernel space. This means it will fail and store NULL if the string container
-has been paged out.
+has been paged out. "ustring" type is an alternative of string for user-space.
+See :ref:`user_mem_access` for more info..
The string array type is a bit different from other types. For other base
types, <base-type>[1] is equal to <base-type> (e.g. +0(%di):x32[1] is same
as +0(%di):x32.) But string[1] is not equal to string. The string type itself
@@ -92,6 +95,25 @@ Symbol type('symbol') is an alias of u32 or u64 type (depends on BITS_PER_LONG)
which shows given pointer in "symbol+offset" style.
For $comm, the default type is "string"; any other type is invalid.
+.. _user_mem_access:
+User Memory Access
+------------------
+Kprobe events supports user-space memory access. For that purpose, you can use
+either user-space dereference syntax or 'ustring' type.
+
+The user-space dereference syntax allows you to access a field of a data
+structure in user-space. This is done by adding the "u" prefix to the
+dereference syntax. For example, +u4(%si) means it will read memory from the
+address in the register %si offset by 4, and the memory is expected to be in
+user-space. You can use this for strings too, e.g. +u0(%si):string will read
+a string from the address in the register %si that is expected to be in user-
+space. 'ustring' is a shortcut way of performing the same task. That is,
++0(%si):ustring is equivalent to +u0(%si):string.
+
+Note that kprobe-event provides the user-memory access syntax but it doesn't
+use it transparently. This means if you use normal dereference or string type
+for user memory, it might fail, and may always fail on some archs. The user
+has to carefully check if the target data is in kernel or user space.
Per-Probe Event Filtering
-------------------------
@@ -124,6 +146,20 @@ You can check the total number of probe hits and probe miss-hits via
The first column is event name, the second is the number of probe hits,
the third is the number of probe miss-hits.
+Kernel Boot Parameter
+---------------------
+You can add and enable new kprobe events when booting up the kernel by
+"kprobe_event=" parameter. The parameter accepts a semicolon-delimited
+kprobe events, which format is similar to the kprobe_events.
+The difference is that the probe definition parameters are comma-delimited
+instead of space. For example, adding myprobe event on do_sys_open like below
+
+ p:myprobe do_sys_open dfd=%ax filename=%dx flags=%cx mode=+4($stack)
+
+should be below for kernel boot parameter (just replace spaces with comma)
+
+ p:myprobe,do_sys_open,dfd=%ax,filename=%dx,flags=%cx,mode=+4($stack)
+
Usage examples
--------------
diff --git a/Documentation/trace/uprobetracer.rst b/Documentation/trace/uprobetracer.rst
index 0b21305fabdc..6e75a6c5a2c8 100644
--- a/Documentation/trace/uprobetracer.rst
+++ b/Documentation/trace/uprobetracer.rst
@@ -42,16 +42,18 @@ Synopsis of uprobe_tracer
@+OFFSET : Fetch memory at OFFSET (OFFSET from same file as PATH)
$stackN : Fetch Nth entry of stack (N >= 0)
$stack : Fetch stack address.
- $retval : Fetch return value.(*)
+ $retval : Fetch return value.(\*1)
$comm : Fetch current task comm.
- +|-offs(FETCHARG) : Fetch memory at FETCHARG +|- offs address.(**)
+ +|-[u]OFFS(FETCHARG) : Fetch memory at FETCHARG +|- OFFS address.(\*2)(\*3)
NAME=FETCHARG : Set NAME as the argument name of FETCHARG.
FETCHARG:TYPE : Set TYPE as the type of FETCHARG. Currently, basic types
(u8/u16/u32/u64/s8/s16/s32/s64), hexadecimal types
(x8/x16/x32/x64), "string" and bitfield are supported.
- (*) only for return probe.
- (**) this is useful for fetching a field of data structures.
+ (\*1) only for return probe.
+ (\*2) this is useful for fetching a field of data structures.
+ (\*3) Unlike kprobe event, "u" prefix will just be ignored, becuse uprobe
+ events can access only user-space memory.
Types
-----