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Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/process/changes.rst')
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/process/changes.rst | 261 |
1 files changed, 180 insertions, 81 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/process/changes.rst b/Documentation/process/changes.rst index adbb50ae5246..62951cdb13ad 100644 --- a/Documentation/process/changes.rst +++ b/Documentation/process/changes.rst @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Intro ===== This document is designed to provide a list of the minimum levels of -software necessary to run the 4.x kernels. +software necessary to run the current kernel version. This document is originally based on my "Changes" file for 2.0.x kernels and therefore owes credit to the same people as that file (Jared Mauch, @@ -23,37 +23,46 @@ running, the suggested command should tell you. Again, keep in mind that this list assumes you are already functionally running a Linux kernel. Also, not all tools are necessary on all -systems; obviously, if you don't have any ISDN hardware, for example, -you probably needn't concern yourself with isdn4k-utils. +systems; obviously, if you don't have any PC Card hardware, for example, +you probably needn't concern yourself with pcmciautils. ====================== =============== ======================================== Program Minimal version Command to check the version ====================== =============== ======================================== -GNU C 3.2 gcc --version -GNU make 3.81 make --version -binutils 2.20 ld -v -util-linux 2.10o fdformat --version -module-init-tools 0.9.10 depmod -V +GNU C 8.1 gcc --version +Clang/LLVM (optional) 15.0.0 clang --version +Rust (optional) 1.78.0 rustc --version +bindgen (optional) 0.65.1 bindgen --version +GNU make 4.0 make --version +bash 4.2 bash --version +binutils 2.30 ld -v +flex 2.5.35 flex --version +bison 2.0 bison --version +pahole 1.16 pahole --version +util-linux 2.10o mount --version +kmod 13 depmod -V e2fsprogs 1.41.4 e2fsck -V jfsutils 1.1.3 fsck.jfs -V -reiserfsprogs 3.6.3 reiserfsck -V xfsprogs 2.6.0 xfs_db -V squashfs-tools 4.0 mksquashfs -version -btrfs-progs 0.18 btrfsck +btrfs-progs 0.18 btrfs --version pcmciautils 004 pccardctl -V quota-tools 3.09 quota -V PPP 2.4.0 pppd --version -isdn4k-utils 3.1pre1 isdnctrl 2>&1|grep version nfs-utils 1.0.5 showmount --version procps 3.2.0 ps --version -oprofile 0.9 oprofiled --version udev 081 udevd --version grub 0.93 grub --version || grub-install --version mcelog 0.6 mcelog --version iptables 1.4.2 iptables -V openssl & libcrypto 1.0.0 openssl version bc 1.06.95 bc --version -Sphinx\ [#f1]_ 1.2 sphinx-build --version +Sphinx\ [#f1]_ 3.4.3 sphinx-build --version +GNU tar 1.28 tar --version +gtags (optional) 6.6.5 gtags --version +mkimage (optional) 2017.01 mkimage --version +Python 3.9.x python3 --version +GNU AWK (optional) 5.1.0 gawk --version ====================== =============== ======================================== .. [#f1] Sphinx is needed only to build the Kernel documentation @@ -67,17 +76,77 @@ GCC The gcc version requirements may vary depending on the type of CPU in your computer. +Clang/LLVM (optional) +--------------------- + +The latest formal release of clang and LLVM utils (according to +`releases.llvm.org <https://releases.llvm.org>`_) are supported for building +kernels. Older releases aren't guaranteed to work, and we may drop workarounds +from the kernel that were used to support older versions. Please see additional +docs on :ref:`Building Linux with Clang/LLVM <kbuild_llvm>`. + +Rust (optional) +--------------- + +A recent version of the Rust compiler is required. + +Please see Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst for instructions on how to +satisfy the build requirements of Rust support. In particular, the ``Makefile`` +target ``rustavailable`` is useful to check why the Rust toolchain may not +be detected. + +bindgen (optional) +------------------ + +``bindgen`` is used to generate the Rust bindings to the C side of the kernel. +It depends on ``libclang``. + Make ---- -You will need GNU make 3.81 or later to build the kernel. +You will need GNU make 4.0 or later to build the kernel. + +Bash +---- + +Some bash scripts are used for the kernel build. +Bash 4.2 or newer is needed. Binutils -------- -The build system has, as of 4.13, switched to using thin archives (`ar T`) -rather than incremental linking (`ld -r`) for built-in.o intermediate steps. -This requires binutils 2.20 or newer. +Binutils 2.30 or newer is needed to build the kernel. + +pkg-config +---------- + +The build system, as of 4.18, requires pkg-config to check for installed +kconfig tools and to determine flags settings for use in +'make {g,x}config'. Previously pkg-config was being used but not +verified or documented. + +Flex +---- + +Since Linux 4.16, the build system generates lexical analyzers +during build. This requires flex 2.5.35 or later. + + +Bison +----- + +Since Linux 4.16, the build system generates parsers +during build. This requires bison 2.0 or later. + +pahole +------ + +Since Linux 5.2, if CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF is selected, the build system +generates BTF (BPF Type Format) from DWARF in vmlinux, a bit later from kernel +modules as well. This requires pahole v1.16 or later. + +It is found in the 'dwarves' or 'pahole' distro packages or from +https://fedorapeople.org/~acme/dwarves/. Perl ---- @@ -85,6 +154,13 @@ Perl You will need perl 5 and the following modules: ``Getopt::Long``, ``Getopt::Std``, ``File::Basename``, and ``File::Find`` to build the kernel. +Python +------ + +Several config options require it: it is required for arm/arm64 +default configs, CONFIG_LTO_CLANG, some DRM optional configs, +the kernel-doc tool, and docs build (Sphinx), among others. + BC -- @@ -101,6 +177,32 @@ You will need openssl to build kernels 3.7 and higher if module signing is enabled. You will also need openssl development packages to build kernels 4.3 and higher. +Tar +--- + +GNU tar is needed if you want to enable access to the kernel headers via sysfs +(CONFIG_IKHEADERS). + +gtags / GNU GLOBAL (optional) +----------------------------- + +The kernel build requires GNU GLOBAL version 6.6.5 or later to generate +tag files through ``make gtags``. This is due to its use of the gtags +``-C (--directory)`` flag. + +mkimage +------- + +This tool is used when building a Flat Image Tree (FIT), commonly used on ARM +platforms. The tool is available via the ``u-boot-tools`` package or can be +built from the U-Boot source code. See the instructions at +https://docs.u-boot.org/en/latest/build/tools.html#building-tools-for-linux + +GNU AWK +------- + +GNU AWK is needed if you want kernel builds to generate address range data for +builtin modules (CONFIG_BUILTIN_MODULE_RANGES). System utilities **************** @@ -109,7 +211,7 @@ Architectural changes --------------------- DevFS has been obsoleted in favour of udev -(http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/) +(https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/) 32-bit UID support is now in place. Have fun! @@ -126,7 +228,7 @@ Util-linux New versions of util-linux provide ``fdisk`` support for larger disks, support new options to mount, recognize more supported partition -types, have a fdformat which works with 2.4 kernels, and similar goodies. +types, and similar goodies. You'll probably want to upgrade. Ksymoops @@ -141,12 +243,6 @@ is not build with ``CONFIG_KALLSYMS`` and you have no way to rebuild and reproduce the Oops with that option, then you can still decode that Oops with ksymoops. -Module-Init-Tools ------------------ - -A new module loader is now in the kernel that requires ``module-init-tools`` -to use. It is backward compatible with the 2.4.x series kernels. - Mkinitrd -------- @@ -172,14 +268,6 @@ The following utilities are available: - other file system utilities are also available in this package. -Reiserfsprogs -------------- - -The reiserfsprogs package should be used for reiserfs-3.6.x -(Linux kernels 2.4.x). It is a combined package and contains working -versions of ``mkreiserfs``, ``resize_reiserfs``, ``debugreiserfs`` and -``reiserfsck``. These utils work on both i386 and alpha platforms. - Xfsprogs -------- @@ -262,12 +350,6 @@ which can be made by:: as root. -Isdn4k-utils ------------- - -Due to changes in the length of the phone number field, isdn4k-utils -needs to be recompiled or (preferably) upgraded. - NFS-utils --------- @@ -309,18 +391,14 @@ Kernel documentation Sphinx ------ -The ReST markups currently used by the Documentation/ files are meant to be -built with ``Sphinx`` version 1.2 or upper. If you're desiring to build -PDF outputs, it is recommended to use version 1.4.6. - -.. note:: +Please see :ref:`sphinx_install` in :ref:`Documentation/doc-guide/sphinx.rst <sphinxdoc>` +for details about Sphinx requirements. - Please notice that, for PDF and LaTeX output, you'll also need ``XeLaTeX`` - version 3.14159265. Depending on the distribution, you may also need to - install a series of ``texlive`` packages that provide the minimal set of - functionalities required for ``XeLaTex`` to work. For PDF output you'll also - need ``convert(1)`` from ImageMagick (https://www.imagemagick.org). +rustdoc +------- +``rustdoc`` is used to generate the documentation for Rust code. Please see +Documentation/rust/general-information.rst for more information. Getting updated software ======================== @@ -333,16 +411,46 @@ gcc - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/> +Clang/LLVM +---------- + +- :ref:`Getting LLVM <getting_llvm>`. + +Rust +---- + +- Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst. + +bindgen +------- + +- Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst. + Make ---- - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/> +Bash +---- + +- <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/> + Binutils -------- - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/devel/binutils/> +Flex +---- + +- <https://github.com/westes/flex/releases> + +Bison +----- + +- <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bison/> + OpenSSL ------- @@ -356,16 +464,17 @@ Util-linux - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/> +Kmod +---- + +- <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/kmod/> +- <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/utils/kernel/kmod/kmod.git> + Ksymoops -------- - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/ksymoops/v2.4/> -Module-Init-Tools ------------------ - -- <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/module-init-tools/> - Mkinitrd -------- @@ -374,22 +483,19 @@ Mkinitrd E2fsprogs --------- -- <http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/e2fsprogs/e2fsprogs-1.29.tar.gz> +- <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/tytso/e2fsprogs/> +- <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/ext2/e2fsprogs.git/> JFSutils -------- -- <http://jfs.sourceforge.net/> - -Reiserfsprogs -------------- - -- <http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/fs/reiserfs/> +- <https://jfs.sourceforge.net/> Xfsprogs -------- -- <ftp://oss.sgi.com/projects/xfs/> +- <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/xfs/xfsprogs-dev.git> +- <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/fs/xfs/xfsprogs/> Pcmciautils ----------- @@ -399,7 +505,7 @@ Pcmciautils Quota-tools ----------- -- <http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxquota/> +- <https://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxquota/> Intel P6 microcode @@ -410,17 +516,17 @@ Intel P6 microcode udev ---- -- <http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/udev.html> +- <https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/udev.html> FUSE ---- -- <http://sourceforge.net/projects/fuse> +- <https://github.com/libfuse/libfuse/releases> mcelog ------ -- <http://www.mcelog.org/> +- <https://www.mcelog.org/> Networking ********** @@ -428,22 +534,20 @@ Networking PPP --- -- <ftp://ftp.samba.org/pub/ppp/> - -Isdn4k-utils ------------- - -- <ftp://ftp.isdn4linux.de/pub/isdn4linux/utils/> +- <https://download.samba.org/pub/ppp/> +- <https://git.ozlabs.org/?p=ppp.git> +- <https://github.com/paulusmack/ppp/> NFS-utils --------- -- <http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=14> +- <https://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=14> +- <https://nfs.sourceforge.net/> Iptables -------- -- <http://www.iptables.org/downloads.html> +- <https://netfilter.org/projects/iptables/index.html> Ip-route2 --------- @@ -453,12 +557,7 @@ Ip-route2 OProfile -------- -- <http://oprofile.sf.net/download/> - -NFS-Utils ---------- - -- <http://nfs.sourceforge.net/> +- <https://oprofile.sf.net/download/> Kernel documentation ******************** @@ -466,4 +565,4 @@ Kernel documentation Sphinx ------ -- <http://www.sphinx-doc.org/> +- <https://www.sphinx-doc.org/> |