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Diffstat (limited to 'drivers/xen/gntdev.c')
-rw-r--r--drivers/xen/gntdev.c936
1 files changed, 631 insertions, 305 deletions
diff --git a/drivers/xen/gntdev.c b/drivers/xen/gntdev.c
index eab5427c75f5..2c960f187f7c 100644
--- a/drivers/xen/gntdev.c
+++ b/drivers/xen/gntdev.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
*
* Copyright (c) 2006-2007, D G Murray.
* (c) 2009 Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>
+ * (c) 2018 Oleksandr Andrushchenko, EPAM Systems Inc.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
@@ -21,88 +22,74 @@
#define pr_fmt(fmt) "xen:" KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
+#include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
-#include <linux/mm.h>
-#include <linux/mman.h>
-#include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
-#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/sched/mm.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/highmem.h>
+#include <linux/refcount.h>
+#include <linux/workqueue.h>
#include <xen/xen.h>
#include <xen/grant_table.h>
#include <xen/balloon.h>
#include <xen/gntdev.h>
#include <xen/events.h>
+#include <xen/page.h>
#include <asm/xen/hypervisor.h>
#include <asm/xen/hypercall.h>
-#include <asm/xen/page.h>
+
+#include "gntdev-common.h"
+#ifdef CONFIG_XEN_GNTDEV_DMABUF
+#include "gntdev-dmabuf.h"
+#endif
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("Derek G. Murray <Derek.Murray@cl.cam.ac.uk>, "
"Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("User-space granted page access driver");
-static int limit = 1024*1024;
-module_param(limit, int, 0644);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(limit, "Maximum number of grants that may be mapped by "
- "the gntdev device");
-
-static atomic_t pages_mapped = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
-
-static int use_ptemod;
-#define populate_freeable_maps use_ptemod
-
-struct gntdev_priv {
- /* maps with visible offsets in the file descriptor */
- struct list_head maps;
- /* maps that are not visible; will be freed on munmap.
- * Only populated if populate_freeable_maps == 1 */
- struct list_head freeable_maps;
- /* lock protects maps and freeable_maps */
- spinlock_t lock;
- struct mm_struct *mm;
- struct mmu_notifier mn;
-};
+#define GNTDEV_COPY_BATCH 16
-struct unmap_notify {
- int flags;
- /* Address relative to the start of the grant_map */
- int addr;
- int event;
+struct gntdev_copy_batch {
+ struct gnttab_copy ops[GNTDEV_COPY_BATCH];
+ struct page *pages[GNTDEV_COPY_BATCH];
+ s16 __user *status[GNTDEV_COPY_BATCH];
+ unsigned int nr_ops;
+ unsigned int nr_pages;
+ bool writeable;
+ struct gntdev_copy_batch *next;
};
-struct grant_map {
- struct list_head next;
- struct vm_area_struct *vma;
- int index;
- int count;
- int flags;
- atomic_t users;
- struct unmap_notify notify;
- struct ioctl_gntdev_grant_ref *grants;
- struct gnttab_map_grant_ref *map_ops;
- struct gnttab_unmap_grant_ref *unmap_ops;
- struct gnttab_map_grant_ref *kmap_ops;
- struct page **pages;
-};
+static unsigned int limit = 64*1024;
+module_param(limit, uint, 0644);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(limit,
+ "Maximum number of grants that may be mapped by one mapping request");
+
+static void unmap_grant_pages(struct gntdev_grant_map *map,
+ int offset, int pages);
-static int unmap_grant_pages(struct grant_map *map, int offset, int pages);
+static struct miscdevice gntdev_miscdev;
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+bool gntdev_test_page_count(unsigned int count)
+{
+ return !count || count > limit;
+}
+
static void gntdev_print_maps(struct gntdev_priv *priv,
char *text, int text_index)
{
#ifdef DEBUG
- struct grant_map *map;
+ struct gntdev_grant_map *map;
pr_debug("%s: maps list (priv %p)\n", __func__, priv);
list_for_each_entry(map, &priv->maps, next)
@@ -112,54 +99,124 @@ static void gntdev_print_maps(struct gntdev_priv *priv,
#endif
}
-static void gntdev_free_map(struct grant_map *map)
+static void gntdev_free_map(struct gntdev_grant_map *map)
{
if (map == NULL)
return;
+#ifdef CONFIG_XEN_GRANT_DMA_ALLOC
+ if (map->dma_vaddr) {
+ struct gnttab_dma_alloc_args args;
+
+ args.dev = map->dma_dev;
+ args.coherent = !!(map->dma_flags & GNTDEV_DMA_FLAG_COHERENT);
+ args.nr_pages = map->count;
+ args.pages = map->pages;
+ args.frames = map->frames;
+ args.vaddr = map->dma_vaddr;
+ args.dev_bus_addr = map->dma_bus_addr;
+
+ gnttab_dma_free_pages(&args);
+ } else
+#endif
if (map->pages)
- free_xenballooned_pages(map->count, map->pages);
- kfree(map->pages);
- kfree(map->grants);
- kfree(map->map_ops);
- kfree(map->unmap_ops);
- kfree(map->kmap_ops);
+ gnttab_free_pages(map->count, map->pages);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_XEN_GRANT_DMA_ALLOC
+ kvfree(map->frames);
+#endif
+ kvfree(map->pages);
+ kvfree(map->grants);
+ kvfree(map->map_ops);
+ kvfree(map->unmap_ops);
+ kvfree(map->kmap_ops);
+ kvfree(map->kunmap_ops);
+ kvfree(map->being_removed);
kfree(map);
}
-static struct grant_map *gntdev_alloc_map(struct gntdev_priv *priv, int count)
+struct gntdev_grant_map *gntdev_alloc_map(struct gntdev_priv *priv, int count,
+ int dma_flags)
{
- struct grant_map *add;
+ struct gntdev_grant_map *add;
int i;
- add = kzalloc(sizeof(struct grant_map), GFP_KERNEL);
+ add = kzalloc(sizeof(*add), GFP_KERNEL);
if (NULL == add)
return NULL;
- add->grants = kcalloc(count, sizeof(add->grants[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
- add->map_ops = kcalloc(count, sizeof(add->map_ops[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
- add->unmap_ops = kcalloc(count, sizeof(add->unmap_ops[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
- add->kmap_ops = kcalloc(count, sizeof(add->kmap_ops[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
- add->pages = kcalloc(count, sizeof(add->pages[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
+ add->grants = kvmalloc_array(count, sizeof(add->grants[0]),
+ GFP_KERNEL);
+ add->map_ops = kvmalloc_array(count, sizeof(add->map_ops[0]),
+ GFP_KERNEL);
+ add->unmap_ops = kvmalloc_array(count, sizeof(add->unmap_ops[0]),
+ GFP_KERNEL);
+ add->pages = kvcalloc(count, sizeof(add->pages[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
+ add->being_removed =
+ kvcalloc(count, sizeof(add->being_removed[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
if (NULL == add->grants ||
NULL == add->map_ops ||
NULL == add->unmap_ops ||
- NULL == add->kmap_ops ||
- NULL == add->pages)
+ NULL == add->pages ||
+ NULL == add->being_removed)
goto err;
+ if (xen_pv_domain()) {
+ add->kmap_ops = kvmalloc_array(count, sizeof(add->kmap_ops[0]),
+ GFP_KERNEL);
+ add->kunmap_ops = kvmalloc_array(count, sizeof(add->kunmap_ops[0]),
+ GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (NULL == add->kmap_ops || NULL == add->kunmap_ops)
+ goto err;
+ }
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_XEN_GRANT_DMA_ALLOC
+ add->dma_flags = dma_flags;
+
+ /*
+ * Check if this mapping is requested to be backed
+ * by a DMA buffer.
+ */
+ if (dma_flags & (GNTDEV_DMA_FLAG_WC | GNTDEV_DMA_FLAG_COHERENT)) {
+ struct gnttab_dma_alloc_args args;
+
+ add->frames = kvcalloc(count, sizeof(add->frames[0]),
+ GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!add->frames)
+ goto err;
+
+ /* Remember the device, so we can free DMA memory. */
+ add->dma_dev = priv->dma_dev;
+
+ args.dev = priv->dma_dev;
+ args.coherent = !!(dma_flags & GNTDEV_DMA_FLAG_COHERENT);
+ args.nr_pages = count;
+ args.pages = add->pages;
+ args.frames = add->frames;
- if (alloc_xenballooned_pages(count, add->pages, false /* lowmem */))
+ if (gnttab_dma_alloc_pages(&args))
+ goto err;
+
+ add->dma_vaddr = args.vaddr;
+ add->dma_bus_addr = args.dev_bus_addr;
+ } else
+#endif
+ if (gnttab_alloc_pages(count, add->pages))
goto err;
for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
- add->map_ops[i].handle = -1;
- add->unmap_ops[i].handle = -1;
- add->kmap_ops[i].handle = -1;
+ add->grants[i].domid = DOMID_INVALID;
+ add->grants[i].ref = INVALID_GRANT_REF;
+ add->map_ops[i].handle = INVALID_GRANT_HANDLE;
+ add->unmap_ops[i].handle = INVALID_GRANT_HANDLE;
+ if (xen_pv_domain()) {
+ add->kmap_ops[i].handle = INVALID_GRANT_HANDLE;
+ add->kunmap_ops[i].handle = INVALID_GRANT_HANDLE;
+ }
}
add->index = 0;
add->count = count;
- atomic_set(&add->users, 1);
+ refcount_set(&add->users, 1);
return add;
@@ -168,9 +225,9 @@ err:
return NULL;
}
-static void gntdev_add_map(struct gntdev_priv *priv, struct grant_map *add)
+void gntdev_add_map(struct gntdev_priv *priv, struct gntdev_grant_map *add)
{
- struct grant_map *map;
+ struct gntdev_grant_map *map;
list_for_each_entry(map, &priv->maps, next) {
if (add->index + add->count < map->index) {
@@ -185,10 +242,10 @@ done:
gntdev_print_maps(priv, "[new]", add->index);
}
-static struct grant_map *gntdev_find_map_index(struct gntdev_priv *priv,
- int index, int count)
+static struct gntdev_grant_map *gntdev_find_map_index(struct gntdev_priv *priv,
+ int index, int count)
{
- struct grant_map *map;
+ struct gntdev_grant_map *map;
list_for_each_entry(map, &priv->maps, next) {
if (map->index != index)
@@ -200,60 +257,84 @@ static struct grant_map *gntdev_find_map_index(struct gntdev_priv *priv,
return NULL;
}
-static void gntdev_put_map(struct gntdev_priv *priv, struct grant_map *map)
+void gntdev_put_map(struct gntdev_priv *priv, struct gntdev_grant_map *map)
{
if (!map)
return;
- if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&map->users))
+ if (!refcount_dec_and_test(&map->users))
return;
- atomic_sub(map->count, &pages_mapped);
+ if (map->pages && !xen_pv_domain()) {
+ /*
+ * Increment the reference count. This ensures that the
+ * subsequent call to unmap_grant_pages() will not wind up
+ * re-entering itself. It *can* wind up calling
+ * gntdev_put_map() recursively, but such calls will be with a
+ * reference count greater than 1, so they will return before
+ * this code is reached. The recursion depth is thus limited to
+ * 1. Do NOT use refcount_inc() here, as it will detect that
+ * the reference count is zero and WARN().
+ */
+ refcount_set(&map->users, 1);
+
+ /*
+ * Unmap the grants. This may or may not be asynchronous, so it
+ * is possible that the reference count is 1 on return, but it
+ * could also be greater than 1.
+ */
+ unmap_grant_pages(map, 0, map->count);
+
+ /* Check if the memory now needs to be freed */
+ if (!refcount_dec_and_test(&map->users))
+ return;
+
+ /*
+ * All pages have been returned to the hypervisor, so free the
+ * map.
+ */
+ }
+
+ if (xen_pv_domain() && map->notifier_init)
+ mmu_interval_notifier_remove(&map->notifier);
if (map->notify.flags & UNMAP_NOTIFY_SEND_EVENT) {
notify_remote_via_evtchn(map->notify.event);
evtchn_put(map->notify.event);
}
-
- if (populate_freeable_maps && priv) {
- spin_lock(&priv->lock);
- list_del(&map->next);
- spin_unlock(&priv->lock);
- }
-
- if (map->pages && !use_ptemod)
- unmap_grant_pages(map, 0, map->count);
gntdev_free_map(map);
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-static int find_grant_ptes(pte_t *pte, pgtable_t token,
- unsigned long addr, void *data)
+static int find_grant_ptes(pte_t *pte, unsigned long addr, void *data)
{
- struct grant_map *map = data;
- unsigned int pgnr = (addr - map->vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
- int flags = map->flags | GNTMAP_application_map | GNTMAP_contains_pte;
+ struct gntdev_grant_map *map = data;
+ unsigned int pgnr = (addr - map->pages_vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+ int flags = map->flags | GNTMAP_application_map | GNTMAP_contains_pte |
+ (1 << _GNTMAP_guest_avail0);
u64 pte_maddr;
BUG_ON(pgnr >= map->count);
pte_maddr = arbitrary_virt_to_machine(pte).maddr;
+ /* Note: this will perform a pte_mkspecial() through the hypercall. */
gnttab_set_map_op(&map->map_ops[pgnr], pte_maddr, flags,
map->grants[pgnr].ref,
map->grants[pgnr].domid);
gnttab_set_unmap_op(&map->unmap_ops[pgnr], pte_maddr, flags,
- -1 /* handle */);
+ INVALID_GRANT_HANDLE);
return 0;
}
-static int map_grant_pages(struct grant_map *map)
+int gntdev_map_grant_pages(struct gntdev_grant_map *map)
{
+ size_t alloced = 0;
int i, err = 0;
- if (!use_ptemod) {
+ if (!xen_pv_domain()) {
/* Note: it could already be mapped */
- if (map->map_ops[0].handle != -1)
+ if (map->map_ops[0].handle != INVALID_GRANT_HANDLE)
return 0;
for (i = 0; i < map->count; i++) {
unsigned long addr = (unsigned long)
@@ -262,7 +343,7 @@ static int map_grant_pages(struct grant_map *map)
map->grants[i].ref,
map->grants[i].domid);
gnttab_set_unmap_op(&map->unmap_ops[i], addr,
- map->flags, -1 /* handle */);
+ map->flags, INVALID_GRANT_HANDLE);
}
} else {
/*
@@ -270,226 +351,234 @@ static int map_grant_pages(struct grant_map *map)
* to the kernel linear addresses of the struct pages.
* These ptes are completely different from the user ptes dealt
* with find_grant_ptes.
+ * Note that GNTMAP_device_map isn't needed here: The
+ * dev_bus_addr output field gets consumed only from ->map_ops,
+ * and by not requesting it when mapping we also avoid needing
+ * to mirror dev_bus_addr into ->unmap_ops (and holding an extra
+ * reference to the page in the hypervisor).
*/
+ unsigned int flags = (map->flags & ~GNTMAP_device_map) |
+ GNTMAP_host_map;
+
for (i = 0; i < map->count; i++) {
- unsigned level;
unsigned long address = (unsigned long)
pfn_to_kaddr(page_to_pfn(map->pages[i]));
- pte_t *ptep;
- u64 pte_maddr = 0;
BUG_ON(PageHighMem(map->pages[i]));
- ptep = lookup_address(address, &level);
- pte_maddr = arbitrary_virt_to_machine(ptep).maddr;
- gnttab_set_map_op(&map->kmap_ops[i], pte_maddr,
- map->flags |
- GNTMAP_host_map |
- GNTMAP_contains_pte,
+ gnttab_set_map_op(&map->kmap_ops[i], address, flags,
map->grants[i].ref,
map->grants[i].domid);
+ gnttab_set_unmap_op(&map->kunmap_ops[i], address,
+ flags, INVALID_GRANT_HANDLE);
}
}
pr_debug("map %d+%d\n", map->index, map->count);
- err = gnttab_map_refs(map->map_ops, use_ptemod ? map->kmap_ops : NULL,
- map->pages, map->count);
- if (err)
- return err;
+ err = gnttab_map_refs(map->map_ops, map->kmap_ops, map->pages,
+ map->count);
for (i = 0; i < map->count; i++) {
- if (map->map_ops[i].status)
- err = -EINVAL;
- else {
- BUG_ON(map->map_ops[i].handle == -1);
+ if (map->map_ops[i].status == GNTST_okay) {
map->unmap_ops[i].handle = map->map_ops[i].handle;
- pr_debug("map handle=%d\n", map->map_ops[i].handle);
+ alloced++;
+ } else if (!err)
+ err = -EINVAL;
+
+ if (map->flags & GNTMAP_device_map)
+ map->unmap_ops[i].dev_bus_addr = map->map_ops[i].dev_bus_addr;
+
+ if (xen_pv_domain()) {
+ if (map->kmap_ops[i].status == GNTST_okay) {
+ alloced++;
+ map->kunmap_ops[i].handle = map->kmap_ops[i].handle;
+ } else if (!err)
+ err = -EINVAL;
}
}
+ atomic_add(alloced, &map->live_grants);
return err;
}
-static int __unmap_grant_pages(struct grant_map *map, int offset, int pages)
+static void __unmap_grant_pages_done(int result,
+ struct gntab_unmap_queue_data *data)
{
- int i, err = 0;
+ unsigned int i;
+ struct gntdev_grant_map *map = data->data;
+ unsigned int offset = data->unmap_ops - map->unmap_ops;
+ int successful_unmaps = 0;
+ int live_grants;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < data->count; i++) {
+ if (map->unmap_ops[offset + i].status == GNTST_okay &&
+ map->unmap_ops[offset + i].handle != INVALID_GRANT_HANDLE)
+ successful_unmaps++;
+
+ WARN_ON(map->unmap_ops[offset + i].status != GNTST_okay &&
+ map->unmap_ops[offset + i].handle != INVALID_GRANT_HANDLE);
+ pr_debug("unmap handle=%d st=%d\n",
+ map->unmap_ops[offset+i].handle,
+ map->unmap_ops[offset+i].status);
+ map->unmap_ops[offset+i].handle = INVALID_GRANT_HANDLE;
+ if (xen_pv_domain()) {
+ if (map->kunmap_ops[offset + i].status == GNTST_okay &&
+ map->kunmap_ops[offset + i].handle != INVALID_GRANT_HANDLE)
+ successful_unmaps++;
+
+ WARN_ON(map->kunmap_ops[offset + i].status != GNTST_okay &&
+ map->kunmap_ops[offset + i].handle != INVALID_GRANT_HANDLE);
+ pr_debug("kunmap handle=%u st=%d\n",
+ map->kunmap_ops[offset+i].handle,
+ map->kunmap_ops[offset+i].status);
+ map->kunmap_ops[offset+i].handle = INVALID_GRANT_HANDLE;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Decrease the live-grant counter. This must happen after the loop to
+ * prevent premature reuse of the grants by gnttab_mmap().
+ */
+ live_grants = atomic_sub_return(successful_unmaps, &map->live_grants);
+ if (WARN_ON(live_grants < 0))
+ pr_err("%s: live_grants became negative (%d) after unmapping %d pages!\n",
+ __func__, live_grants, successful_unmaps);
+ /* Release reference taken by __unmap_grant_pages */
+ gntdev_put_map(NULL, map);
+}
+
+static void __unmap_grant_pages(struct gntdev_grant_map *map, int offset,
+ int pages)
+{
if (map->notify.flags & UNMAP_NOTIFY_CLEAR_BYTE) {
int pgno = (map->notify.addr >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+
if (pgno >= offset && pgno < offset + pages) {
/* No need for kmap, pages are in lowmem */
uint8_t *tmp = pfn_to_kaddr(page_to_pfn(map->pages[pgno]));
+
tmp[map->notify.addr & (PAGE_SIZE-1)] = 0;
map->notify.flags &= ~UNMAP_NOTIFY_CLEAR_BYTE;
}
}
- err = gnttab_unmap_refs(map->unmap_ops + offset,
- use_ptemod ? map->kmap_ops + offset : NULL, map->pages + offset,
- pages);
- if (err)
- return err;
+ map->unmap_data.unmap_ops = map->unmap_ops + offset;
+ map->unmap_data.kunmap_ops = xen_pv_domain() ? map->kunmap_ops + offset : NULL;
+ map->unmap_data.pages = map->pages + offset;
+ map->unmap_data.count = pages;
+ map->unmap_data.done = __unmap_grant_pages_done;
+ map->unmap_data.data = map;
+ refcount_inc(&map->users); /* to keep map alive during async call below */
- for (i = 0; i < pages; i++) {
- if (map->unmap_ops[offset+i].status)
- err = -EINVAL;
- pr_debug("unmap handle=%d st=%d\n",
- map->unmap_ops[offset+i].handle,
- map->unmap_ops[offset+i].status);
- map->unmap_ops[offset+i].handle = -1;
- }
- return err;
+ gnttab_unmap_refs_async(&map->unmap_data);
}
-static int unmap_grant_pages(struct grant_map *map, int offset, int pages)
+static void unmap_grant_pages(struct gntdev_grant_map *map, int offset,
+ int pages)
{
- int range, err = 0;
+ int range;
+
+ if (atomic_read(&map->live_grants) == 0)
+ return; /* Nothing to do */
pr_debug("unmap %d+%d [%d+%d]\n", map->index, map->count, offset, pages);
/* It is possible the requested range will have a "hole" where we
* already unmapped some of the grants. Only unmap valid ranges.
*/
- while (pages && !err) {
- while (pages && map->unmap_ops[offset].handle == -1) {
+ while (pages) {
+ while (pages && map->being_removed[offset]) {
offset++;
pages--;
}
range = 0;
while (range < pages) {
- if (map->unmap_ops[offset+range].handle == -1) {
- range--;
+ if (map->being_removed[offset + range])
break;
- }
+ map->being_removed[offset + range] = true;
range++;
}
- err = __unmap_grant_pages(map, offset, range);
+ if (range)
+ __unmap_grant_pages(map, offset, range);
offset += range;
pages -= range;
}
-
- return err;
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
static void gntdev_vma_open(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
- struct grant_map *map = vma->vm_private_data;
+ struct gntdev_grant_map *map = vma->vm_private_data;
pr_debug("gntdev_vma_open %p\n", vma);
- atomic_inc(&map->users);
+ refcount_inc(&map->users);
}
static void gntdev_vma_close(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
- struct grant_map *map = vma->vm_private_data;
+ struct gntdev_grant_map *map = vma->vm_private_data;
struct file *file = vma->vm_file;
struct gntdev_priv *priv = file->private_data;
pr_debug("gntdev_vma_close %p\n", vma);
- if (use_ptemod) {
- /* It is possible that an mmu notifier could be running
- * concurrently, so take priv->lock to ensure that the vma won't
- * vanishing during the unmap_grant_pages call, since we will
- * spin here until that completes. Such a concurrent call will
- * not do any unmapping, since that has been done prior to
- * closing the vma, but it may still iterate the unmap_ops list.
- */
- spin_lock(&priv->lock);
- map->vma = NULL;
- spin_unlock(&priv->lock);
- }
+
vma->vm_private_data = NULL;
gntdev_put_map(priv, map);
}
-static struct vm_operations_struct gntdev_vmops = {
+static struct page *gntdev_vma_find_normal_page(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
+ unsigned long addr)
+{
+ struct gntdev_grant_map *map = vma->vm_private_data;
+
+ return map->pages[(addr - map->pages_vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT];
+}
+
+static const struct vm_operations_struct gntdev_vmops = {
.open = gntdev_vma_open,
.close = gntdev_vma_close,
+ .find_normal_page = gntdev_vma_find_normal_page,
};
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-static void unmap_if_in_range(struct grant_map *map,
- unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
+static bool gntdev_invalidate(struct mmu_interval_notifier *mn,
+ const struct mmu_notifier_range *range,
+ unsigned long cur_seq)
{
+ struct gntdev_grant_map *map =
+ container_of(mn, struct gntdev_grant_map, notifier);
unsigned long mstart, mend;
- int err;
+ unsigned long map_start, map_end;
- if (!map->vma)
- return;
- if (map->vma->vm_start >= end)
- return;
- if (map->vma->vm_end <= start)
- return;
- mstart = max(start, map->vma->vm_start);
- mend = min(end, map->vma->vm_end);
- pr_debug("map %d+%d (%lx %lx), range %lx %lx, mrange %lx %lx\n",
- map->index, map->count,
- map->vma->vm_start, map->vma->vm_end,
- start, end, mstart, mend);
- err = unmap_grant_pages(map,
- (mstart - map->vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT,
- (mend - mstart) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
- WARN_ON(err);
-}
+ if (!mmu_notifier_range_blockable(range))
+ return false;
-static void mn_invl_range_start(struct mmu_notifier *mn,
- struct mm_struct *mm,
- unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
-{
- struct gntdev_priv *priv = container_of(mn, struct gntdev_priv, mn);
- struct grant_map *map;
+ map_start = map->pages_vm_start;
+ map_end = map->pages_vm_start + (map->count << PAGE_SHIFT);
- spin_lock(&priv->lock);
- list_for_each_entry(map, &priv->maps, next) {
- unmap_if_in_range(map, start, end);
- }
- list_for_each_entry(map, &priv->freeable_maps, next) {
- unmap_if_in_range(map, start, end);
- }
- spin_unlock(&priv->lock);
-}
-
-static void mn_invl_page(struct mmu_notifier *mn,
- struct mm_struct *mm,
- unsigned long address)
-{
- mn_invl_range_start(mn, mm, address, address + PAGE_SIZE);
-}
+ /*
+ * If the VMA is split or otherwise changed the notifier is not
+ * updated, but we don't want to process VA's outside the modified
+ * VMA. FIXME: It would be much more understandable to just prevent
+ * modifying the VMA in the first place.
+ */
+ if (map_start >= range->end || map_end <= range->start)
+ return true;
-static void mn_release(struct mmu_notifier *mn,
- struct mm_struct *mm)
-{
- struct gntdev_priv *priv = container_of(mn, struct gntdev_priv, mn);
- struct grant_map *map;
- int err;
+ mstart = max(range->start, map_start);
+ mend = min(range->end, map_end);
+ pr_debug("map %d+%d (%lx %lx), range %lx %lx, mrange %lx %lx\n",
+ map->index, map->count, map_start, map_end,
+ range->start, range->end, mstart, mend);
+ unmap_grant_pages(map, (mstart - map_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT,
+ (mend - mstart) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
- spin_lock(&priv->lock);
- list_for_each_entry(map, &priv->maps, next) {
- if (!map->vma)
- continue;
- pr_debug("map %d+%d (%lx %lx)\n",
- map->index, map->count,
- map->vma->vm_start, map->vma->vm_end);
- err = unmap_grant_pages(map, /* offset */ 0, map->count);
- WARN_ON(err);
- }
- list_for_each_entry(map, &priv->freeable_maps, next) {
- if (!map->vma)
- continue;
- pr_debug("map %d+%d (%lx %lx)\n",
- map->index, map->count,
- map->vma->vm_start, map->vma->vm_end);
- err = unmap_grant_pages(map, /* offset */ 0, map->count);
- WARN_ON(err);
- }
- spin_unlock(&priv->lock);
+ return true;
}
-static struct mmu_notifier_ops gntdev_mmu_ops = {
- .release = mn_release,
- .invalidate_page = mn_invl_page,
- .invalidate_range_start = mn_invl_range_start,
+static const struct mmu_interval_notifier_ops gntdev_mmu_ops = {
+ .invalidate = gntdev_invalidate,
};
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
@@ -497,33 +586,31 @@ static struct mmu_notifier_ops gntdev_mmu_ops = {
static int gntdev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *flip)
{
struct gntdev_priv *priv;
- int ret = 0;
priv = kzalloc(sizeof(*priv), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!priv)
return -ENOMEM;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&priv->maps);
- INIT_LIST_HEAD(&priv->freeable_maps);
- spin_lock_init(&priv->lock);
-
- if (use_ptemod) {
- priv->mm = get_task_mm(current);
- if (!priv->mm) {
- kfree(priv);
- return -ENOMEM;
- }
- priv->mn.ops = &gntdev_mmu_ops;
- ret = mmu_notifier_register(&priv->mn, priv->mm);
- mmput(priv->mm);
- }
+ mutex_init(&priv->lock);
+
+ mutex_init(&priv->batch_lock);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_XEN_GNTDEV_DMABUF
+ priv->dmabuf_priv = gntdev_dmabuf_init(flip);
+ if (IS_ERR(priv->dmabuf_priv)) {
+ int ret = PTR_ERR(priv->dmabuf_priv);
- if (ret) {
kfree(priv);
return ret;
}
+#endif
flip->private_data = priv;
+#ifdef CONFIG_XEN_GRANT_DMA_ALLOC
+ priv->dma_dev = gntdev_miscdev.this_device;
+ dma_coerce_mask_and_coherent(priv->dma_dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(64));
+#endif
pr_debug("priv %p\n", priv);
return 0;
@@ -532,19 +619,32 @@ static int gntdev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *flip)
static int gntdev_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *flip)
{
struct gntdev_priv *priv = flip->private_data;
- struct grant_map *map;
+ struct gntdev_grant_map *map;
+ struct gntdev_copy_batch *batch;
pr_debug("priv %p\n", priv);
+ mutex_lock(&priv->lock);
while (!list_empty(&priv->maps)) {
- map = list_entry(priv->maps.next, struct grant_map, next);
+ map = list_entry(priv->maps.next,
+ struct gntdev_grant_map, next);
list_del(&map->next);
gntdev_put_map(NULL /* already removed */, map);
}
- WARN_ON(!list_empty(&priv->freeable_maps));
+ mutex_unlock(&priv->lock);
+
+ mutex_lock(&priv->batch_lock);
+ while (priv->batch) {
+ batch = priv->batch;
+ priv->batch = batch->next;
+ kfree(batch);
+ }
+ mutex_unlock(&priv->batch_lock);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_XEN_GNTDEV_DMABUF
+ gntdev_dmabuf_fini(priv->dmabuf_priv);
+#endif
- if (use_ptemod)
- mmu_notifier_unregister(&priv->mn, priv->mm);
kfree(priv);
return 0;
}
@@ -553,36 +653,30 @@ static long gntdev_ioctl_map_grant_ref(struct gntdev_priv *priv,
struct ioctl_gntdev_map_grant_ref __user *u)
{
struct ioctl_gntdev_map_grant_ref op;
- struct grant_map *map;
+ struct gntdev_grant_map *map;
int err;
if (copy_from_user(&op, u, sizeof(op)) != 0)
return -EFAULT;
pr_debug("priv %p, add %d\n", priv, op.count);
- if (unlikely(op.count <= 0))
+ if (unlikely(gntdev_test_page_count(op.count)))
return -EINVAL;
err = -ENOMEM;
- map = gntdev_alloc_map(priv, op.count);
+ map = gntdev_alloc_map(priv, op.count, 0 /* This is not a dma-buf. */);
if (!map)
return err;
- if (unlikely(atomic_add_return(op.count, &pages_mapped) > limit)) {
- pr_debug("can't map: over limit\n");
- gntdev_put_map(NULL, map);
- return err;
- }
-
if (copy_from_user(map->grants, &u->refs,
sizeof(map->grants[0]) * op.count) != 0) {
gntdev_put_map(NULL, map);
return -EFAULT;
}
- spin_lock(&priv->lock);
+ mutex_lock(&priv->lock);
gntdev_add_map(priv, map);
op.index = map->index << PAGE_SHIFT;
- spin_unlock(&priv->lock);
+ mutex_unlock(&priv->lock);
if (copy_to_user(u, &op, sizeof(op)) != 0)
return -EFAULT;
@@ -594,22 +688,20 @@ static long gntdev_ioctl_unmap_grant_ref(struct gntdev_priv *priv,
struct ioctl_gntdev_unmap_grant_ref __user *u)
{
struct ioctl_gntdev_unmap_grant_ref op;
- struct grant_map *map;
+ struct gntdev_grant_map *map;
int err = -ENOENT;
if (copy_from_user(&op, u, sizeof(op)) != 0)
return -EFAULT;
pr_debug("priv %p, del %d+%d\n", priv, (int)op.index, (int)op.count);
- spin_lock(&priv->lock);
+ mutex_lock(&priv->lock);
map = gntdev_find_map_index(priv, op.index >> PAGE_SHIFT, op.count);
if (map) {
list_del(&map->next);
- if (populate_freeable_maps)
- list_add_tail(&map->next, &priv->freeable_maps);
err = 0;
}
- spin_unlock(&priv->lock);
+ mutex_unlock(&priv->lock);
if (map)
gntdev_put_map(priv, map);
return err;
@@ -620,14 +712,14 @@ static long gntdev_ioctl_get_offset_for_vaddr(struct gntdev_priv *priv,
{
struct ioctl_gntdev_get_offset_for_vaddr op;
struct vm_area_struct *vma;
- struct grant_map *map;
+ struct gntdev_grant_map *map;
int rv = -EINVAL;
if (copy_from_user(&op, u, sizeof(op)) != 0)
return -EFAULT;
pr_debug("priv %p, offset for vaddr %lx\n", priv, (unsigned long)op.vaddr);
- down_read(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
+ mmap_read_lock(current->mm);
vma = find_vma(current->mm, op.vaddr);
if (!vma || vma->vm_ops != &gntdev_vmops)
goto out_unlock;
@@ -641,7 +733,7 @@ static long gntdev_ioctl_get_offset_for_vaddr(struct gntdev_priv *priv,
rv = 0;
out_unlock:
- up_read(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
+ mmap_read_unlock(current->mm);
if (rv == 0 && copy_to_user(u, &op, sizeof(op)) != 0)
return -EFAULT;
@@ -651,10 +743,10 @@ static long gntdev_ioctl_get_offset_for_vaddr(struct gntdev_priv *priv,
static long gntdev_ioctl_notify(struct gntdev_priv *priv, void __user *u)
{
struct ioctl_gntdev_unmap_notify op;
- struct grant_map *map;
+ struct gntdev_grant_map *map;
int rc;
int out_flags;
- unsigned int out_event;
+ evtchn_port_t out_event;
if (copy_from_user(&op, u, sizeof(op)))
return -EFAULT;
@@ -677,7 +769,7 @@ static long gntdev_ioctl_notify(struct gntdev_priv *priv, void __user *u)
out_flags = op.action;
out_event = op.event_channel_port;
- spin_lock(&priv->lock);
+ mutex_lock(&priv->lock);
list_for_each_entry(map, &priv->maps, next) {
uint64_t begin = map->index << PAGE_SHIFT;
@@ -705,7 +797,7 @@ static long gntdev_ioctl_notify(struct gntdev_priv *priv, void __user *u)
rc = 0;
unlock_out:
- spin_unlock(&priv->lock);
+ mutex_unlock(&priv->lock);
/* Drop the reference to the event channel we did not save in the map */
if (out_flags & UNMAP_NOTIFY_SEND_EVENT)
@@ -714,6 +806,213 @@ static long gntdev_ioctl_notify(struct gntdev_priv *priv, void __user *u)
return rc;
}
+static int gntdev_get_page(struct gntdev_copy_batch *batch, void __user *virt,
+ unsigned long *gfn)
+{
+ unsigned long addr = (unsigned long)virt;
+ struct page *page;
+ unsigned long xen_pfn;
+ int ret;
+
+ ret = pin_user_pages_fast(addr, 1, batch->writeable ? FOLL_WRITE : 0, &page);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ return ret;
+
+ batch->pages[batch->nr_pages++] = page;
+
+ xen_pfn = page_to_xen_pfn(page) + XEN_PFN_DOWN(addr & ~PAGE_MASK);
+ *gfn = pfn_to_gfn(xen_pfn);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void gntdev_put_pages(struct gntdev_copy_batch *batch)
+{
+ unpin_user_pages_dirty_lock(batch->pages, batch->nr_pages, batch->writeable);
+ batch->nr_pages = 0;
+ batch->writeable = false;
+}
+
+static int gntdev_copy(struct gntdev_copy_batch *batch)
+{
+ unsigned int i;
+
+ gnttab_batch_copy(batch->ops, batch->nr_ops);
+ gntdev_put_pages(batch);
+
+ /*
+ * For each completed op, update the status if the op failed
+ * and all previous ops for the segment were successful.
+ */
+ for (i = 0; i < batch->nr_ops; i++) {
+ s16 status = batch->ops[i].status;
+ s16 old_status;
+
+ if (status == GNTST_okay)
+ continue;
+
+ if (__get_user(old_status, batch->status[i]))
+ return -EFAULT;
+
+ if (old_status != GNTST_okay)
+ continue;
+
+ if (__put_user(status, batch->status[i]))
+ return -EFAULT;
+ }
+
+ batch->nr_ops = 0;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int gntdev_grant_copy_seg(struct gntdev_copy_batch *batch,
+ struct gntdev_grant_copy_segment *seg,
+ s16 __user *status)
+{
+ uint16_t copied = 0;
+
+ /*
+ * Disallow local -> local copies since there is only space in
+ * batch->pages for one page per-op and this would be a very
+ * expensive memcpy().
+ */
+ if (!(seg->flags & (GNTCOPY_source_gref | GNTCOPY_dest_gref)))
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ /* Can't cross page if source/dest is a grant ref. */
+ if (seg->flags & GNTCOPY_source_gref) {
+ if (seg->source.foreign.offset + seg->len > XEN_PAGE_SIZE)
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ if (seg->flags & GNTCOPY_dest_gref) {
+ if (seg->dest.foreign.offset + seg->len > XEN_PAGE_SIZE)
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ if (put_user(GNTST_okay, status))
+ return -EFAULT;
+
+ while (copied < seg->len) {
+ struct gnttab_copy *op;
+ void __user *virt;
+ size_t len, off;
+ unsigned long gfn;
+ int ret;
+
+ if (batch->nr_ops >= GNTDEV_COPY_BATCH) {
+ ret = gntdev_copy(batch);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ len = seg->len - copied;
+
+ op = &batch->ops[batch->nr_ops];
+ op->flags = 0;
+
+ if (seg->flags & GNTCOPY_source_gref) {
+ op->source.u.ref = seg->source.foreign.ref;
+ op->source.domid = seg->source.foreign.domid;
+ op->source.offset = seg->source.foreign.offset + copied;
+ op->flags |= GNTCOPY_source_gref;
+ } else {
+ virt = seg->source.virt + copied;
+ off = (unsigned long)virt & ~XEN_PAGE_MASK;
+ len = min(len, (size_t)XEN_PAGE_SIZE - off);
+ batch->writeable = false;
+
+ ret = gntdev_get_page(batch, virt, &gfn);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ return ret;
+
+ op->source.u.gmfn = gfn;
+ op->source.domid = DOMID_SELF;
+ op->source.offset = off;
+ }
+
+ if (seg->flags & GNTCOPY_dest_gref) {
+ op->dest.u.ref = seg->dest.foreign.ref;
+ op->dest.domid = seg->dest.foreign.domid;
+ op->dest.offset = seg->dest.foreign.offset + copied;
+ op->flags |= GNTCOPY_dest_gref;
+ } else {
+ virt = seg->dest.virt + copied;
+ off = (unsigned long)virt & ~XEN_PAGE_MASK;
+ len = min(len, (size_t)XEN_PAGE_SIZE - off);
+ batch->writeable = true;
+
+ ret = gntdev_get_page(batch, virt, &gfn);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ return ret;
+
+ op->dest.u.gmfn = gfn;
+ op->dest.domid = DOMID_SELF;
+ op->dest.offset = off;
+ }
+
+ op->len = len;
+ copied += len;
+
+ batch->status[batch->nr_ops] = status;
+ batch->nr_ops++;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static long gntdev_ioctl_grant_copy(struct gntdev_priv *priv, void __user *u)
+{
+ struct ioctl_gntdev_grant_copy copy;
+ struct gntdev_copy_batch *batch;
+ unsigned int i;
+ int ret = 0;
+
+ if (copy_from_user(&copy, u, sizeof(copy)))
+ return -EFAULT;
+
+ mutex_lock(&priv->batch_lock);
+ if (!priv->batch) {
+ batch = kmalloc(sizeof(*batch), GFP_KERNEL);
+ } else {
+ batch = priv->batch;
+ priv->batch = batch->next;
+ }
+ mutex_unlock(&priv->batch_lock);
+ if (!batch)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ batch->nr_ops = 0;
+ batch->nr_pages = 0;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < copy.count; i++) {
+ struct gntdev_grant_copy_segment seg;
+
+ if (copy_from_user(&seg, &copy.segments[i], sizeof(seg))) {
+ ret = -EFAULT;
+ gntdev_put_pages(batch);
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ ret = gntdev_grant_copy_seg(batch, &seg, &copy.segments[i].status);
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ gntdev_put_pages(batch);
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ cond_resched();
+ }
+ if (batch->nr_ops)
+ ret = gntdev_copy(batch);
+
+ out:
+ mutex_lock(&priv->batch_lock);
+ batch->next = priv->batch;
+ priv->batch = batch;
+ mutex_unlock(&priv->batch_lock);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
static long gntdev_ioctl(struct file *flip,
unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
@@ -733,6 +1032,23 @@ static long gntdev_ioctl(struct file *flip,
case IOCTL_GNTDEV_SET_UNMAP_NOTIFY:
return gntdev_ioctl_notify(priv, ptr);
+ case IOCTL_GNTDEV_GRANT_COPY:
+ return gntdev_ioctl_grant_copy(priv, ptr);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_XEN_GNTDEV_DMABUF
+ case IOCTL_GNTDEV_DMABUF_EXP_FROM_REFS:
+ return gntdev_ioctl_dmabuf_exp_from_refs(priv, ptr);
+
+ case IOCTL_GNTDEV_DMABUF_EXP_WAIT_RELEASED:
+ return gntdev_ioctl_dmabuf_exp_wait_released(priv, ptr);
+
+ case IOCTL_GNTDEV_DMABUF_IMP_TO_REFS:
+ return gntdev_ioctl_dmabuf_imp_to_refs(priv, ptr);
+
+ case IOCTL_GNTDEV_DMABUF_IMP_RELEASE:
+ return gntdev_ioctl_dmabuf_imp_release(priv, ptr);
+#endif
+
default:
pr_debug("priv %p, unknown cmd %x\n", priv, cmd);
return -ENOIOCTLCMD;
@@ -745,41 +1061,33 @@ static int gntdev_mmap(struct file *flip, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
struct gntdev_priv *priv = flip->private_data;
int index = vma->vm_pgoff;
- int count = (vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
- struct grant_map *map;
- int i, err = -EINVAL;
+ int count = vma_pages(vma);
+ struct gntdev_grant_map *map;
+ int err = -EINVAL;
if ((vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE) && !(vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED))
return -EINVAL;
pr_debug("map %d+%d at %lx (pgoff %lx)\n",
- index, count, vma->vm_start, vma->vm_pgoff);
+ index, count, vma->vm_start, vma->vm_pgoff);
- spin_lock(&priv->lock);
+ mutex_lock(&priv->lock);
map = gntdev_find_map_index(priv, index, count);
if (!map)
goto unlock_out;
- if (use_ptemod && map->vma)
- goto unlock_out;
- if (use_ptemod && priv->mm != vma->vm_mm) {
- pr_warn("Huh? Other mm?\n");
+ if (!atomic_add_unless(&map->in_use, 1, 1))
goto unlock_out;
- }
- atomic_inc(&map->users);
+ refcount_inc(&map->users);
vma->vm_ops = &gntdev_vmops;
- vma->vm_flags |= VM_DONTEXPAND | VM_DONTDUMP;
+ vm_flags_set(vma, VM_DONTEXPAND | VM_DONTDUMP | VM_MIXEDMAP);
- if (use_ptemod)
- vma->vm_flags |= VM_DONTCOPY;
+ if (xen_pv_domain())
+ vm_flags_set(vma, VM_DONTCOPY);
vma->vm_private_data = map;
-
- if (use_ptemod)
- map->vma = vma;
-
if (map->flags) {
if ((vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE) &&
(map->flags & GNTMAP_readonly))
@@ -790,9 +1098,32 @@ static int gntdev_mmap(struct file *flip, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
map->flags |= GNTMAP_readonly;
}
- spin_unlock(&priv->lock);
+ map->pages_vm_start = vma->vm_start;
+
+ if (xen_pv_domain()) {
+ err = mmu_interval_notifier_insert_locked(
+ &map->notifier, vma->vm_mm, vma->vm_start,
+ vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start, &gntdev_mmu_ops);
+ if (err)
+ goto out_unlock_put;
+
+ map->notifier_init = true;
+ }
+ mutex_unlock(&priv->lock);
+
+ if (xen_pv_domain()) {
+ /*
+ * gntdev takes the address of the PTE in find_grant_ptes() and
+ * passes it to the hypervisor in gntdev_map_grant_pages(). The
+ * purpose of the notifier is to prevent the hypervisor pointer
+ * to the PTE from going stale.
+ *
+ * Since this vma's mappings can't be touched without the
+ * mmap_lock, and we are holding it now, there is no need for
+ * the notifier_range locking pattern.
+ */
+ mmu_interval_read_begin(&map->notifier);
- if (use_ptemod) {
err = apply_to_page_range(vma->vm_mm, vma->vm_start,
vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start,
find_grant_ptes, map);
@@ -802,30 +1133,27 @@ static int gntdev_mmap(struct file *flip, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
}
}
- err = map_grant_pages(map);
+ err = gntdev_map_grant_pages(map);
if (err)
goto out_put_map;
- if (!use_ptemod) {
- for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
- err = vm_insert_page(vma, vma->vm_start + i*PAGE_SIZE,
- map->pages[i]);
- if (err)
- goto out_put_map;
- }
+ if (!xen_pv_domain()) {
+ err = vm_map_pages_zero(vma, map->pages, map->count);
+ if (err)
+ goto out_put_map;
}
return 0;
unlock_out:
- spin_unlock(&priv->lock);
+ mutex_unlock(&priv->lock);
return err;
out_unlock_put:
- spin_unlock(&priv->lock);
+ mutex_unlock(&priv->lock);
out_put_map:
- if (use_ptemod)
- map->vma = NULL;
+ if (xen_pv_domain())
+ unmap_grant_pages(map, 0, map->count);
gntdev_put_map(priv, map);
return err;
}
@@ -853,8 +1181,6 @@ static int __init gntdev_init(void)
if (!xen_domain())
return -ENODEV;
- use_ptemod = xen_pv_domain();
-
err = misc_register(&gntdev_miscdev);
if (err != 0) {
pr_err("Could not register gntdev device\n");