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+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause) */
+/*
+ ****************************************************************************
+ *
+ * "DHRYSTONE" Benchmark Program
+ * -----------------------------
+ *
+ * Version: C, Version 2.1
+ *
+ * File: dhry.h (part 1 of 3)
+ *
+ * Date: May 25, 1988
+ *
+ * Author: Reinhold P. Weicker
+ * Siemens AG, AUT E 51
+ * Postfach 3220
+ * 8520 Erlangen
+ * Germany (West)
+ * Phone: [+49]-9131-7-20330
+ * (8-17 Central European Time)
+ * Usenet: ..!mcsun!unido!estevax!weicker
+ *
+ * Original Version (in Ada) published in
+ * "Communications of the ACM" vol. 27., no. 10 (Oct. 1984),
+ * pp. 1013 - 1030, together with the statistics
+ * on which the distribution of statements etc. is based.
+ *
+ * In this C version, the following C library functions are used:
+ * - strcpy, strcmp (inside the measurement loop)
+ * - printf, scanf (outside the measurement loop)
+ * In addition, Berkeley UNIX system calls "times ()" or "time ()"
+ * are used for execution time measurement. For measurements
+ * on other systems, these calls have to be changed.
+ *
+ * Collection of Results:
+ * Reinhold Weicker (address see above) and
+ *
+ * Rick Richardson
+ * PC Research. Inc.
+ * 94 Apple Orchard Drive
+ * Tinton Falls, NJ 07724
+ * Phone: (201) 389-8963 (9-17 EST)
+ * Usenet: ...!uunet!pcrat!rick
+ *
+ * Please send results to Rick Richardson and/or Reinhold Weicker.
+ * Complete information should be given on hardware and software used.
+ * Hardware information includes: Machine type, CPU, type and size
+ * of caches; for microprocessors: clock frequency, memory speed
+ * (number of wait states).
+ * Software information includes: Compiler (and runtime library)
+ * manufacturer and version, compilation switches, OS version.
+ * The Operating System version may give an indication about the
+ * compiler; Dhrystone itself performs no OS calls in the measurement loop.
+ *
+ * The complete output generated by the program should be mailed
+ * such that at least some checks for correctness can be made.
+ *
+ ***************************************************************************
+ *
+ * History: This version C/2.1 has been made for two reasons:
+ *
+ * 1) There is an obvious need for a common C version of
+ * Dhrystone, since C is at present the most popular system
+ * programming language for the class of processors
+ * (microcomputers, minicomputers) where Dhrystone is used most.
+ * There should be, as far as possible, only one C version of
+ * Dhrystone such that results can be compared without
+ * restrictions. In the past, the C versions distributed
+ * by Rick Richardson (Version 1.1) and by Reinhold Weicker
+ * had small (though not significant) differences.
+ *
+ * 2) As far as it is possible without changes to the Dhrystone
+ * statistics, optimizing compilers should be prevented from
+ * removing significant statements.
+ *
+ * This C version has been developed in cooperation with
+ * Rick Richardson (Tinton Falls, NJ), it incorporates many
+ * ideas from the "Version 1.1" distributed previously by
+ * him over the UNIX network Usenet.
+ * I also thank Chaim Benedelac (National Semiconductor),
+ * David Ditzel (SUN), Earl Killian and John Mashey (MIPS),
+ * Alan Smith and Rafael Saavedra-Barrera (UC at Berkeley)
+ * for their help with comments on earlier versions of the
+ * benchmark.
+ *
+ * Changes: In the initialization part, this version follows mostly
+ * Rick Richardson's version distributed via Usenet, not the
+ * version distributed earlier via floppy disk by Reinhold Weicker.
+ * As a concession to older compilers, names have been made
+ * unique within the first 8 characters.
+ * Inside the measurement loop, this version follows the
+ * version previously distributed by Reinhold Weicker.
+ *
+ * At several places in the benchmark, code has been added,
+ * but within the measurement loop only in branches that
+ * are not executed. The intention is that optimizing compilers
+ * should be prevented from moving code out of the measurement
+ * loop, or from removing code altogether. Since the statements
+ * that are executed within the measurement loop have NOT been
+ * changed, the numbers defining the "Dhrystone distribution"
+ * (distribution of statements, operand types and locality)
+ * still hold. Except for sophisticated optimizing compilers,
+ * execution times for this version should be the same as
+ * for previous versions.
+ *
+ * Since it has proven difficult to subtract the time for the
+ * measurement loop overhead in a correct way, the loop check
+ * has been made a part of the benchmark. This does have
+ * an impact - though a very minor one - on the distribution
+ * statistics which have been updated for this version.
+ *
+ * All changes within the measurement loop are described
+ * and discussed in the companion paper "Rationale for
+ * Dhrystone version 2".
+ *
+ * Because of the self-imposed limitation that the order and
+ * distribution of the executed statements should not be
+ * changed, there are still cases where optimizing compilers
+ * may not generate code for some statements. To a certain
+ * degree, this is unavoidable for small synthetic benchmarks.
+ * Users of the benchmark are advised to check code listings
+ * whether code is generated for all statements of Dhrystone.
+ *
+ * Version 2.1 is identical to version 2.0 distributed via
+ * the UNIX network Usenet in March 1988 except that it corrects
+ * some minor deficiencies that were found by users of version 2.0.
+ * The only change within the measurement loop is that a
+ * non-executed "else" part was added to the "if" statement in
+ * Func_3, and a non-executed "else" part removed from Proc_3.
+ *
+ ***************************************************************************
+ *
+ * Compilation model and measurement (IMPORTANT):
+ *
+ * This C version of Dhrystone consists of three files:
+ * - dhry.h (this file, containing global definitions and comments)
+ * - dhry_1.c (containing the code corresponding to Ada package Pack_1)
+ * - dhry_2.c (containing the code corresponding to Ada package Pack_2)
+ *
+ * The following "ground rules" apply for measurements:
+ * - Separate compilation
+ * - No procedure merging
+ * - Otherwise, compiler optimizations are allowed but should be indicated
+ * - Default results are those without register declarations
+ * See the companion paper "Rationale for Dhrystone Version 2" for a more
+ * detailed discussion of these ground rules.
+ *
+ * For 16-Bit processors (e.g. 80186, 80286), times for all compilation
+ * models ("small", "medium", "large" etc.) should be given if possible,
+ * together with a definition of these models for the compiler system used.
+ *
+ **************************************************************************
+ *
+ * Dhrystone (C version) statistics:
+ *
+ * [Comment from the first distribution, updated for version 2.
+ * Note that because of language differences, the numbers are slightly
+ * different from the Ada version.]
+ *
+ * The following program contains statements of a high level programming
+ * language (here: C) in a distribution considered representative:
+ *
+ * assignments 52 (51.0 %)
+ * control statements 33 (32.4 %)
+ * procedure, function calls 17 (16.7 %)
+ *
+ * 103 statements are dynamically executed. The program is balanced with
+ * respect to the three aspects:
+ *
+ * - statement type
+ * - operand type
+ * - operand locality
+ * operand global, local, parameter, or constant.
+ *
+ * The combination of these three aspects is balanced only approximately.
+ *
+ * 1. Statement Type:
+ * ----------------- number
+ *
+ * V1 = V2 9
+ * (incl. V1 = F(..)
+ * V = Constant 12
+ * Assignment, 7
+ * with array element
+ * Assignment, 6
+ * with record component
+ * --
+ * 34 34
+ *
+ * X = Y +|-|"&&"|"|" Z 5
+ * X = Y +|-|"==" Constant 6
+ * X = X +|- 1 3
+ * X = Y *|/ Z 2
+ * X = Expression, 1
+ * two operators
+ * X = Expression, 1
+ * three operators
+ * --
+ * 18 18
+ *
+ * if .... 14
+ * with "else" 7
+ * without "else" 7
+ * executed 3
+ * not executed 4
+ * for ... 7 | counted every time
+ * while ... 4 | the loop condition
+ * do ... while 1 | is evaluated
+ * switch ... 1
+ * break 1
+ * declaration with 1
+ * initialization
+ * --
+ * 34 34
+ *
+ * P (...) procedure call 11
+ * user procedure 10
+ * library procedure 1
+ * X = F (...)
+ * function call 6
+ * user function 5
+ * library function 1
+ * --
+ * 17 17
+ * ---
+ * 103
+ *
+ * The average number of parameters in procedure or function calls
+ * is 1.82 (not counting the function values as implicit parameters).
+ *
+ *
+ * 2. Operators
+ * ------------
+ * number approximate
+ * percentage
+ *
+ * Arithmetic 32 50.8
+ *
+ * + 21 33.3
+ * - 7 11.1
+ * * 3 4.8
+ * / (int div) 1 1.6
+ *
+ * Comparison 27 42.8
+ *
+ * == 9 14.3
+ * /= 4 6.3
+ * > 1 1.6
+ * < 3 4.8
+ * >= 1 1.6
+ * <= 9 14.3
+ *
+ * Logic 4 6.3
+ *
+ * && (AND-THEN) 1 1.6
+ * | (OR) 1 1.6
+ * ! (NOT) 2 3.2
+ *
+ * -- -----
+ * 63 100.1
+ *
+ *
+ * 3. Operand Type (counted once per operand reference):
+ * ---------------
+ * number approximate
+ * percentage
+ *
+ * Integer 175 72.3 %
+ * Character 45 18.6 %
+ * Pointer 12 5.0 %
+ * String30 6 2.5 %
+ * Array 2 0.8 %
+ * Record 2 0.8 %
+ * --- -------
+ * 242 100.0 %
+ *
+ * When there is an access path leading to the final operand (e.g. a record
+ * component), only the final data type on the access path is counted.
+ *
+ *
+ * 4. Operand Locality:
+ * -------------------
+ * number approximate
+ * percentage
+ *
+ * local variable 114 47.1 %
+ * global variable 22 9.1 %
+ * parameter 45 18.6 %
+ * value 23 9.5 %
+ * reference 22 9.1 %
+ * function result 6 2.5 %
+ * constant 55 22.7 %
+ * --- -------
+ * 242 100.0 %
+ *
+ *
+ * The program does not compute anything meaningful, but it is syntactically
+ * and semantically correct. All variables have a value assigned to them
+ * before they are used as a source operand.
+ *
+ * There has been no explicit effort to account for the effects of a
+ * cache, or to balance the use of long or short displacements for code or
+ * data.
+ *
+ ***************************************************************************
+ */
+
+typedef enum {
+ Ident_1,
+ Ident_2,
+ Ident_3,
+ Ident_4,
+ Ident_5
+} Enumeration; /* for boolean and enumeration types in Ada, Pascal */
+
+/* General definitions: */
+
+typedef int One_Thirty;
+typedef int One_Fifty;
+typedef char Capital_Letter;
+typedef int Boolean;
+typedef char Str_30[31];
+typedef int Arr_1_Dim[50];
+typedef int Arr_2_Dim[50][50];
+
+typedef struct record {
+ struct record *Ptr_Comp;
+ Enumeration Discr;
+ union {
+ struct {
+ Enumeration Enum_Comp;
+ int Int_Comp;
+ char Str_Comp[31];
+ } var_1;
+ struct {
+ Enumeration E_Comp_2;
+ char Str_2_Comp[31];
+ } var_2;
+ struct {
+ char Ch_1_Comp;
+ char Ch_2_Comp;
+ } var_3;
+ } variant;
+} Rec_Type, *Rec_Pointer;
+
+
+extern int Int_Glob;
+extern char Ch_1_Glob;
+
+void Proc_6(Enumeration Enum_Val_Par, Enumeration *Enum_Ref_Par);
+void Proc_7(One_Fifty Int_1_Par_Val, One_Fifty Int_2_Par_Val,
+ One_Fifty *Int_Par_Ref);
+void Proc_8(Arr_1_Dim Arr_1_Par_Ref, Arr_2_Dim Arr_2_Par_Ref,
+ int Int_1_Par_Val, int Int_2_Par_Val);
+Enumeration Func_1(Capital_Letter Ch_1_Par_Val, Capital_Letter Ch_2_Par_Val);
+Boolean Func_2(Str_30 Str_1_Par_Ref, Str_30 Str_2_Par_Ref);
+
+int dhry(int n);